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Cell Structure3

Unicellular organisms are made of a single cell, while multicellular organisms are made of many cells. Examples of unicellular organisms include bacteria, yeast, and protozoa, while multicellular organisms include plants, animals, and fungi. All cells have three basic structures - a plasma membrane, nucleus, and cytoplasm. The plasma membrane surrounds the cell and regulates what enters and exits. The nucleus contains the cell's genetic material and controls its activities. The cytoplasm is the fluid inside the cell and is the site of many chemical reactions. Organelles like mitochondria, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, vacuoles, and chloroplasts

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22K views15 pages

Cell Structure3

Unicellular organisms are made of a single cell, while multicellular organisms are made of many cells. Examples of unicellular organisms include bacteria, yeast, and protozoa, while multicellular organisms include plants, animals, and fungi. All cells have three basic structures - a plasma membrane, nucleus, and cytoplasm. The plasma membrane surrounds the cell and regulates what enters and exits. The nucleus contains the cell's genetic material and controls its activities. The cytoplasm is the fluid inside the cell and is the site of many chemical reactions. Organelles like mitochondria, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, vacuoles, and chloroplasts

Uploaded by

MalaysiaBoleh
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© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Unicellular or Multicellular organisms

Made up of MANY
Have only ONE cell cells

Bacteria, yeast, Human beings,


Amoeba sp., mammals, reptiles,
Euglena and birds, fish,
Paramecium amphibians, insects
and plants
A Cell Has 3 Basic Structure Feature

Nucleus Cytoplasm

Plasma
Membrane
Plasma Membrane

Charecteristic:
Plasma •Consists of a jelly-like matrix
•Contains all the components of the cells
Membrane

Function:
•The site which activities and chemical
reactions take place.
•Provides a medium to produce energy,
manufacture and store materials.
Nucleus

Charecteristic:
•An organelle surrounded by nuclear
Nucleus membrane
•Contains nucleolus, chromatin and
nucleoplasm

Function:
•Controls the activities of the cell.
•Contains the genetic materials.
Cytoplasm

Charecteristic:
•Thin layer
Cytoplasm •Partially permeable
•Flexible

Function:
•Controls the chemicals that enter or
leave the cell.
•Separates the content of the cell from
its
•external environment.
Organelles - Mitochondrion

Mitochodrions

Characteristic:
A cylindrical-shaped organelle which
surrounded by a double membrane
Function: Contains a matrix with ribosomes, a
The site where aerobic respiration circular DNA molecule and phosphate
takes place. granules
Organelles - Ribosomes

Ribosomes

Characteristic:
Non-membrane-bound particles
Made up of ribosomal RNA and
proteins Function:
The site where protein synthesis takes
place.
Organelles – Rough Endoplasmic
Reticulum

Rough
Endoplasmic
Reticulum

Characteristic:
A network of flattened, membrane-
bounded sacs that continuous with
the nuclear membrane Function:
Rough ER transports proteins made by
the ribosomes through the network.
Organelles – Smooth Endoplasmic
Reticulum

Smooth
Endoplasmic Characteristic:
Reticulum A network of flattened, membrane-
bounded sacs that continuous with
Function: the nuclear membrane
Smooth ER is the site for synthesis of
lipids and detoxification of drugs.
Organelles – Golgi Apparatus

Golgi
Apparatus

Characteristic: Function:
A stack of flattened membrane- Modifies and packs the proteins which
bounded sacs being formed transported by rough ER.
continuously at one end of the stack The site where enzyme and lysosome
and budded of as vesicles at the productions take place.
other.
Organelles – Lysosomes

Lysosomes

Characteristic:
Spherical organelles which contain
digestive enzymes
Function:
Break down foods, unwanted
organelles and foreign materials.
Organelles – Cell Wall
Characteristics:
A thick and tough Cellulose

Function:
Protects and supports the cell.
Gives the cell a regular shape.
Organelles – Vacuole

Characteristics:
A large sac which filled with cell
sap

Function:
Supports the cell when it is turgid
As a storage place in a cell
Organelles – Chloroplast
Characteristics:
Sacs which contain chlorophyll

Function:
Chlorophyll absorbs sunlight for
photosynthesis to take place.

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