The document discusses periodic functions and their Laplace transforms. It defines a periodic function as one where f(t+T) = f(t) for some period T. It then derives a formula for calculating the Laplace transform of a periodic function f(t) with period T as L{f(t)} = (1/(1-e^-sT)) * integral from 0 to T of e^-st * f(t) dt. It provides examples of applying this formula to functions with different periods.
The document discusses periodic functions and their Laplace transforms. It defines a periodic function as one where f(t+T) = f(t) for some period T. It then derives a formula for calculating the Laplace transform of a periodic function f(t) with period T as L{f(t)} = (1/(1-e^-sT)) * integral from 0 to T of e^-st * f(t) dt. It provides examples of applying this formula to functions with different periods.
The document discusses periodic functions and their Laplace transforms. It defines a periodic function as one where f(t+T) = f(t) for some period T. It then derives a formula for calculating the Laplace transform of a periodic function f(t) with period T as L{f(t)} = (1/(1-e^-sT)) * integral from 0 to T of e^-st * f(t) dt. It provides examples of applying this formula to functions with different periods.
The document discusses periodic functions and their Laplace transforms. It defines a periodic function as one where f(t+T) = f(t) for some period T. It then derives a formula for calculating the Laplace transform of a periodic function f(t) with period T as L{f(t)} = (1/(1-e^-sT)) * integral from 0 to T of e^-st * f(t) dt. It provides examples of applying this formula to functions with different periods.
Periodic Functions Denition. A function f is periodic (with period T) if f(t + T) = f(t) for all t in the domain of f. A periodic function has regular repetitive behavior. Example. f(t) = sin(t) has period T = 2 since sin((t + 2)) = sin(t). The graph of f repeats itself every 2 units. Example. The following function f also repeats every two units. So, f has period T = 2. We can describe f on one of its periods, [0, 2], with the piecewise function:
2t 0 t < 1 1 1 t < 2 . Exercise 1. What is the period of the following function? T = 3 Describe f on one of its periods, [0, 3], with the piecewise function:
2 3 t 0 t < 3/2
2 3 t + 2 3/2 t < 3 . Exercise 2. What is the period of the following function? T = 6 Describe f on one of its periods, [0, 6], with the piecewise function:
3 0 t < 3 3 3 t < 6 . Exercise 3. What is the period of the following function? T = 2 (It is a half-wave rectication of cos t.) Describe f on one of its periods, [0, 2], with the piecewise function:
cos t 0 t <
2 0
2 t < 3 2 cos t 3 2 t < 2 . Laplace Transform of a Periodic Function You already know the Laplace Transform of some periodic functions. For example, L{sin(t)} =
s 2 + 2 L{4 cos(3t)} = 4s s 2 + 9 Now we will derive a formula for computing the Laplace Transform for periodic functions such as the ones in the rst section. Page 2 Derivation of Formula (look at page 311 for help) Suppose f is a periodic function with period T. Then, we know for any value of t that f(t + T) = f(t). So, for example, these are all true: f(6 + T) = f(6), f(u + T) = f(u), f(+ T) = f(). Lets evaluate L{f(t)}. L{f(t)} =
0 e st f(t)dt =
T 0 e st f(t)dt +
T e st f(t)dt We have written the Laplace Transform of f(t) as the sum of two integrals. Apply the substitution t = u + T, dt = du to the second integral. (Dont forget to change the limits of integration! When t=T what is u?) Then, factor out e sT and replace f(u+T) with f(u).
T e st f(t)dt =
0 e s(u+T) f(u + T)du = e sT
0 e su f(u)du After applying the substitution and simplifying you have e sT
0 e su f(u)du. The name of the variable of integration is not important; notice the integral is L{f(t)}. So, we now know that
T e st f(t)dt = e sT L{f(t)}. Replace
T e st f(t)dt with e sT L{f(t)} in the boxed equation above and then solve the equation for L{f(t)}. L{f(t)} =
T 0 e st f(t)dt + e sT L{f(t)} L{f(t)} = 1 1 e sT
T 0 e st f(t)dt This is the formula for computing the Laplace Transform of a periodic function with period T. Dont forget it! To apply this formula, all you need to know is the period T of the function and a description of f on the period [0, T]. Be careful, T is a number and t is the variable of integration. Dont confuse their roles in the formula. Page 3 Use example 6 on page 312 as a guide to complete the following exercises. Exercise 4. Use the formula you derived to nd the Laplace Transform of the function in Exercise 1. L{f(t)} = 1 1 e 3s
3 0 e st f(t)dt = 1 1 e 3s
3/2 0 e st
2 3 t
dt +
3 3/2 e st
2 3 t + 2
dt
= 1 1 e 3s
2te st 3s
3/2 0 + 2 3s
3/2 0 e st dt +
2te st 3s
2e st s
3 3/2
2 3s
3 3/2 e st dt
= 1 1 e 3s
e 3/2s s
2 3s 2 e st
3/2 0 +
6e s3 3s
2e 3s s
e 3s/2 s
2e 3s/2 s
+ 2 3s 2 e st
3 3/2
= 1 1 e 3s
4e 3s/2 3s 2 + 2 3s 2 + 2e 3s 3s 2
Exercise 5. Use the formula you derived to nd the Laplace Transform of the function in Exercise 2. L{f(t)} = 1 1 e 6s
Logical progression of twelve double binary tables of physical-mathematical elements correlated with scientific-philosophical as well as metaphysical key concepts evidencing the dually four-dimensional basic structure of the universe
Logical progression of twelve double binary tables of physical-mathematical elements correlated with scientific-philosophical as well as metaphysical key concepts evidencing the dually four-dimensional basic structure of the universe
