Exam 2 Practice

1. A 20-kg crate hangs at the end of a long rope. Find its acceleration (magnitude and
direction) when the tension in the rope is a) 20!" #) $0 !" c) %ero" d) $&' !.
a)
Ft ( 20! ) F ( Ft * W = 250 + (-200) =
50N
W ( mg ( 20 x (-$0) ( -200! )F ( ma a ( )F + m ( 0 +
20 ( 2. m+s
2
#)
Ft ( $0! ) F ( Ft * W = 150 + (-200) = -
50N
W ( mg ( 20 x (-$0) ( -200! )F ( ma a ( )F + m ( - 0
+ 20 ( -2. m+s
2
c)
Ft ( 0! ) F ( Ft * W = 0 + (-200) = - 200N
W ( mg ( 20 x (-$0) ( -200! )F ( ma a ( )F + m (
-200 + 20 ( -$0 m+s
2
d)
Ft ( $&'! ) F ( Ft * W = 196 + (-200) =
-4N
W ( mg ( 20 x (-$0) ( -200! )F ( ma a ( )F + m ( -, +
20 ( -0.2 m+s
2
2. A 0.0$'-kg mass is mo-ing in the x* direction at .0 m+s while a 0.00,-kg mass is mo-ing
in the /x direction at 0 m+s. 0he1 collide head on and stick together. Find their -elocit1
after the collision.
2efore3
Vo
1
( .0 m+s V
02
( - 0 m+s
m$ ( 0.0$' kg m2 ( 0.00, kg
m$ Vo
1
+ Vo
2
m2
After3
V
f
(
(m$ ( 0.0$' kg * m2 ( 0.00, kg )
(m$ + m2) Vf


m$ Vo
1
+ m2 Vo
2
( (m$ + m2) Vf


( 0.016 x 30) + (0.004 x -50) = (0.0016 + 0.004) x Vf
Vf = 14 m/s

3. A 2.00 kg #rick is mo-ing at a speed of '.0 m+s. 4ow large a force F is needed to stop
the #rick in a time of 5.0 x $0
-,
s.
6hat is the direction of F
V
0
( '.0 m+s Vf = 0 (stop)
m ( 2.00 kg
m Vo

= 2.00 x 6.0 = 12 kgm/s m Vf = 0
Ft = mV = m Vf
- mVo = 0 12 = -12
F = -12 / 5.0 x $0
-,
( - $5$00 ! (opposite Vo)
4. A 0.2 kg #all mo-ing in the *x direction at $. m+s is hit #1 a #at. 7ts final -elocit1 is $&
m+s in the /x direction. 0he #at acts on the #all for 0.0$0 s. Find the a-erage force F
exerted on the #all #1 the #at. 6hat is the direction of F
V
0
( $. m+s
m ( 0.2 kg
m Vo

= 0.25 x 13 = 3.25 kgm/s

Vf = - 19 m/s

m Vf = 0.25 x -19 = - 4.75 kgm/s
Ft = mV = m Vf
- mVo = - 4.75 3.25 = -8
F = -8 / 0.0$0

( - 800 ! (opposite Vo)
5. 0he nucleus of an atom has a mass of .8

kg and is at rest. 0he nucleus is radioacti-e
and suddenl1 e9ects a particle of mass '.' kg and speed $. m+s. Find the recoil speed
of the nucleus that is left #ehind.

!ucleus : nucleus * particle
m ( .8 kg m; ( (.8 -'.') mp ( '.' kg
Vo = 0 (t !"st) V = Vp = 1.5 m/s
m Vo

m;V mpVpf
m Vo

= m;V + mpVpf
Vpf = - 0.32 m/s
6. 0he Earth radius is a#out ' .50 000 m. An o#9ect that has a mass of 20 kg is taken to a
height of $'0 000 m a#o-e the Earth surface ( me ( ' x $0
2,
kg). A) 6hat is the o#9ect
mass at this height< 2) 6hat is acceleration due to gra-it1 at $'0 000 m< =) 4ow much
does the o#9ect weigh at this height<
a) m ( 20 kg
#)
$'0 000 m
' .50 000 m
Fg ( G m$ m2 + r
2
( 6.67 x 10
-11
x 20 x ' x $0
2,
+ (' .50 000 * $'0 000)
2
( $88 !
Fg ( W = m#g# $g# = Fg / m = 9.4 m/s
2
c) W = 188 N
7. 0he o#9ect weighs 0 ! and is supported #1 a cord. Find the tension in the cord.

Ft ( 0!
W ( mg ( -0!
8. A .0 kg o#9ect is to #e gi-en an upward acceleration of 0..0 m+s
2
#1 a rope pulling
straight upward on it. 6hat must #e the tension in the rope<

Ft ( ) F ( Ft * W
W ( mg ( -0! )F ( ma ( .0 x 0..0 ( $.!
Ft ( ) F - W = 1.5 (-50) = 51.5N
9. A 2-kg #ox is pulled along the floor #1 a $0 -! force. 0he friction force #etween the
#ox and the floor is $20 ! when the #ox is sliding. Find the acceleration of the #ox.
) F ( Ff * F = - 120 + 150 = 30 N )F ( ma a ( )F + m ( .0 + 2 ( $.2
m+s
2
10. An >?@ with mass $.80 x $0
.
kg is tra-eling east#ound at *$.0 m+s" while a compact
car with mass &.00 x $0
2
kg is tra-eling west#ound at /$.0 m+s. 0he cars collide head
on" #ecoming entangled. Find the speed of entangled cars after collision. Find the
change in -elocit1 of each car.
2efore3
Vo
1
( $ m+s V
02
( - $ m+s
m$ ( $.8 x $0
.
kg m2 ( &.00 x $0
2
kg
m$ Vo
1
+ Vo
2
m2
After3
V
f
(
(m$ ( $.8 x $0
.
kg * m2 ( &.00 x $0
2
kg )
(m$ + m2) Vf


m$ Vo
1
+ m2 Vo
2
( (m$ + m2) Vf


( 1800 x 30) + (900 x -50) = (1800+ 900) x Vf
Vf = 5 m/s
%&'g" (' )"*o+(t, - ./0 15 m/s to 5 m/s (10)
%omp+t -15 m/s to 5 m/s (20)
11. A metal o#9ect has a mass of 2'.0 g. 6hen totall1 immersed in water" it displaced ,.2
mA of water. 6hat are the #uo1ant force" -olume of the o#9ect and its densit1<
4.52 m1 o2 3t"! = 4.52 g o2 3t"! = 0.00452 kg 3t"!
W water = mg = 0.00452 x (-10) = 0.0452 N
F4 = W water = 0.0452 N

( kg o2 3t"! *3,s = 1 o2 3t"!)
03t"! = 0.0045 1
03t"! = 0 o45"+t = 0.0045 1 6 = m / 0 = 0.026 / 0.0045 = 5.7 kg/1