Warm-Up Exercises

Find the x-intercept and y-intercept

1. 3x 5y = 15
2. y = 2x + 7
ANSWER
5; 3
ANSWER
; 7
7
2

Warm-Up Exercises
3. A ball is thrown so its height h, in feet, is given by the
equation h = 16t
2
+ 10t, where t is the time in
seconds. What is the height when t is second?
ANSWER 1
1
2
1
4
ft
Find the x-intercept and y-intercept
Warm-Up Exercises EXAMPLE 1
Graph a function of the form y = ax
2
Graph y = 2x
2
. Compare the graph with the graph of
y = x
2
.
SOLUTION
STEP 1 Make a table of values for y = 2x
2
.
STEP 2 Plot the points from the table.
STEP 3 Draw a smooth curve through
the points.
Warm-Up Exercises EXAMPLE 1
Graph a function of the form y = ax
2
STEP 4 Compare the graphs of y = 2x
2
and y = x
2
.
Both open up and have the same vertex and
axis of symmetry. The graph of y = 2x
2
is
narrower than the graph of y = x
2
.
Warm-Up Exercises EXAMPLE 2
Graph a function of the form y = ax
2
+ c
Graph y = Compare the graph with the
x
2
+ 3
1
2
graph of y = x
2
SOLUTION
STEP 1 Make a table of values for y =
x
2
+ 3
1
2
STEP 2 Plot the points from the table.
STEP 3 Draw a smooth curve through
the points.
Warm-Up Exercises EXAMPLE 2
Graph a function of the form y = ax
2
STEP 4 Compare the graphs of y =
and y = x
2
.
Both graphs have the same axis of symmetry.
However, the graph of y = opens
down and is wider than the
graph of y = x
2
. Also, its vertex is 3 units
higher.

x
2
+ 3
1
2
x
2
+ 3
1
2
Warm-Up Exercises
GUIDED PRACTICE
for Examples 1 and 2
Graph the function. Compare the graph with the graph
of y = x
2
.
1. y = 4x
2
SOLUTION
STEP 1 Make a table of values for y = 4x
2
.
X 2 1 0 2 1
Y 16 4 0 16 4
Warm-Up Exercises
GUIDED PRACTICE
for Examples 1 and 2
STEP 2 Plot the points from the table.
STEP 3 Draw a smooth curve through the points.
STEP 4 Compare the graphs of y = 4x
2
and y = x
2
.
Same axis of symmetry and vertex, opens down,
and is narrower
ANSWER
Warm-Up Exercises
GUIDED PRACTICE
for Examples 1 and 2
2. y = x
2
5
SOLUTION
STEP 1 Make a table of values for y = x
2
5.
X 2 1 0 2 1
Y 9 6 5 9 6
STEP 2 Plot the points from the table.
STEP 3 Draw a smooth curve through the points.
STEP 4 Compare the graphs of y = x
2
5 and y = x
2
.
Warm-Up Exercises
GUIDED PRACTICE
for Examples 1 and 2
ANSWER
Same axis of symmetry, vertex is shifted down 5
units, and opens down
Warm-Up Exercises
GUIDED PRACTICE
for Examples 1 and 2
3. f(x) =
SOLUTION
STEP 1
X 4 2 0 4
2
Y 2
4 2 6 4
STEP 2 Plot the points from the table.
STEP 3 Draw a smooth curve through the points.
STEP 4
x
2
+ 2
1
4
Make a table of values for f(x) = x
2
+ 2
1
4
Compare the graphs of f(x) =
and y = x
2
.
x
2
+ 2
1
4
Warm-Up Exercises
GUIDED PRACTICE
for Examples 1 and 2
ANSWER
Same axis of symmetry, vertex is shifted up 2
units, opens up, and is wider
Warm-Up Exercises EXAMPLE 3
Graph a function of the form y = ax
2
+ bx + c
Graph y = 2x
2
8x + 6.
SOLUTION
Identify the coefficients of the function. The
coefficients are a = 2, b = 8, and c = 6. Because
a > 0, the parabola opens up.
STEP 1
STEP 2
Find the vertex. Calculate the x - coordinate.
x =
b
2a
=
( 8)
2(2)

= 2
Then find the y - coordinate of the vertex.
y = 2(2)
2
8(2) + 6 = 2
So, the vertex is (2, 2). Plot this point.
Warm-Up Exercises EXAMPLE 3
Graph a function of the form y = ax
2
+ bx + c
STEP 3 Draw the axis of symmetry x = 2.
STEP 4 Identify the y - intercept c,
which is 6. Plot the point (0, 6).
Then reflect this point in the
axis of symmetry to plot
another point, (4, 6).
STEP 5 Evaluate the function for
another value of x, such as
x = 1.
y = 2(1)
2
8(1) + 6 = 0
Plot the point (1, 0) and its
reflection (3, 0) in the axis of
symmetry.
Warm-Up Exercises EXAMPLE 3
Graph a function of the form y = ax
2
+ bx + c
STEP 6 Draw a parabola through the plotted points.
Warm-Up Exercises
GUIDED PRACTICE
for Example 3
Graph the function. Label the vertex and axis of
symmetry.
4. y = x
2
2x 1
SOLUTION
Identify the coefficients of the function. The
coefficients are a = 1, b = 2, and c = 1.
Because a > 0, the parabola opens up.
STEP 1
STEP 2
Find the vertex. Calculate the x - coordinate.
Then find the y - coordinate of the vertex.
( 2)
2(1)
=
= 1 x =
b
2a

y = 1
2
2 1 + 1 = 2
Warm-Up Exercises
GUIDED PRACTICE
for Example 3
So, the vertex is (1, 2). Plot this point.
STEP 3 Draw the axis of symmetry x = 1.
Warm-Up Exercises
GUIDED PRACTICE
for Example 3
5. y = 2x
2
+ 6x + 3
SOLUTION
Identify the coefficients of the function. The
coefficients are a = 2, b = 6, and c = 3. Because
a > 0, the parabola opens up.
STEP 1
STEP 2
Find the vertex. Calculate the x - coordinate.
x =
b
2a

=
6
2 2
=
3
2

Then find the y - coordinate of the vertex.
y = 2
3
2

(

)
+ 6
3
2

(

)
+ 3 = 9
So, the vertex is , 9. Plot this point.
3
2

Warm-Up Exercises
GUIDED PRACTICE
for Example 3
STEP 3 Draw the axis of symmetry x =
3
2

Warm-Up Exercises
GUIDED PRACTICE
for Example 3
6. f (x) = x
2
5x + 2
1
3

SOLUTION
STEP 1
STEP 2
Find the vertex. Calculate the x - coordinate.
coefficients are a = , b = 5, and c = 2 .
1
3

Because a > 0, the parabola opens up.
Identify the coefficients of the function. The
x =
b
2a

=
15
2
=
( 5)
3
2

(

)
2
Then find the y - coordinate of the vertex.
Warm-Up Exercises
GUIDED PRACTICE
for Example 3
y =
3
2

(

)
15
2
5
(

)
15
2
+ 2 =
76
2
So, the vertex is , . Plot this point.
15
2
76
2
STEP 3 Draw the axis of symmetry x =
15
2
Warm-Up Exercises EXAMPLE 4
Find the minimum or maximum value
Tell whether the function y = 3x
2
18x + 20 has a
minimum value or a maximum value. Then find the
minimum or maximum value.
SOLUTION
Because a > 0, the function has a minimum value.
To find it, calculate the coordinates of the vertex.
x =
b
2a
=
( 18)
2a
= 3
y = 3(3)
2
18(3) + 20 = 7
ANSWER
The minimum value is y = 7. You can check the answer
on a graphing calculator.
Warm-Up Exercises EXAMPLE 5
Solve a multi-step problem
Go - Carts
A go-cart track has about 380
racers per week and charges
each racer $35 to race. The
owner estimates that there will
be 20 more racers per week for
every $1 reduction in the price
per racer. How can the owner of the go-cart track
maximize weekly revenue ?
Warm-Up Exercises EXAMPLE 5
Solve a multi-step problem
SOLUTION
STEP 1 Define the variables. Let x represent the price
reduction and R(x) represent the weekly
revenue.
STEP 2 Write a verbal model. Then write and simplify
a quadratic function.
R(x) = 13,300 + 700x 380x 20x
2
R(x) = 20x
2
+ 320x + 13,300
Warm-Up Exercises EXAMPLE 5
Solve a multi-step problem
STEP 3
Find the coordinates (x, R(x)) of the vertex.
x =
b
2a
=
320
2( 20)
= 8
Find x - coordinate.
R(8) = 20(8)
2
+ 320(8) + 13,300 = 14,580
Evaluate R(8).
ANSWER
The vertex is (8, 14,580), which means the owner
should reduce the price per racer by $8 to increase the
weekly revenue to $14,580.
Warm-Up Exercises
GUIDED PRACTICE
for Examples 4 and 5
7. Find the minimum value of y = 4x
2
+ 16x 3.
SOLUTION
Because a > 0, the function has a minimum value.
To find it, calculate the coordinates of the vertex.
x =
b
2a
=
16
2a
= 2
y = 4( 2)
2
+ 16( 2) 3 = 19
ANSWER
The minimum value is y = 19. You can check the
answer on a graphing calculator.
Warm-Up Exercises
GUIDED PRACTICE
for Examples 4 and 5
8. What If ? In Example 5, suppose each $1 reduction
in the price per racer brings in 40 more racers per
week. How can weekly revenue be maximized?
STEP 1 Define the variables. Let x represent the price
reduction and R(x) represent the weekly
revenue.
SOLUTION
Warm-Up Exercises
GUIDED PRACTICE
for Examples 4 and 5
STEP 2 Write a verbal model. Then write and simplify
a quadratic function.
R(x) = 20x
2
+ 1020x + 13,300
Warm-Up Exercises
GUIDED PRACTICE
for Examples 4 and 5
STEP 3 Find the coordinates (x, R(x)) of the vertex.
x =
b
2a
=
1020x
2( 40)
= 12.5 Find x - coordinate.
R(12.75) = 40(12.75) + 1020(12.75) + 13,300 = 19802.5
Evaluate R(12.75).
ANSWER
The vertex is (12.75, 19,802.5), which means the owner
should reduce the price per racer by $12.75 to increase
the weekly revenue to $19,802.50.
Warm-Up Exercises
Daily Homework Quiz
1. Graph y = x
2
+

6. Compare it with the graph
of y =x
2
.
2
3
ANSWER
Both graphs have the same axis of
symmetry. This graph Opens down,
is wider than the graph of y = x
2
, and
has a vertex that is 6 units higher.
Warm-Up Exercises
Daily Homework Quiz
3. Tell whether the function y = x
2

6x + 4 has a
minimum or a maximum value. Then find the
minimum or maximum value.
ANSWER minimum value, y = 5
2. Graph y = x
2

2x 3.
ANSWER