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    Student Lecture 44 Fourier Series Over An Arbitrary Period

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    - The document discusses Fourier series over an arbitrary period T=2L, where L is half the period. It provides the general formulas for the Fourier coefficients a0, an, and bn and properties of even and odd functions. - Two examples are given to demonstrate how to find the Fourier series for functions with a period of 6 and 2. In the first example, the series is expressed as a sum over odd integers to evaluate a value. In the second example, the series is shown to converge to a specific value at x=1. - Links are provided to interactive applets that demonstrate Fourier series visually. The document concludes by instructing the reader to complete question 110.

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    Student Lecture 44 Fourier Series Over An Arbitrary Period

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    - The document discusses Fourier series over an arbitrary period T=2L, where L is half the period. It provides the general formulas for the Fourier coefficients a0, an, and bn and properties of even and odd functions. - Two examples are given to demonstrate how to find the Fourier series for functions with a period of 6 and 2. In the first example, the series is expressed as a sum over odd integers to evaluate a value. In the second example, the series is shown to converge to a specific value at x=1. - Links are provided to interactive applets that demonstrate Fourier series visually. The document concludes by instructing the reader to complete question 110.

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    - The document discusses Fourier series over an arbitrary period T=2L, where L is half the period. It provides the general formulas for the Fourier coefficients a0, an, and bn and properties of even and odd functions. - Two examples are given to demonstrate how to find the Fourier series for functions with a period of 6 and 2. In the first example, the series is expressed as a sum over odd integers to evaluate a value. In the second example, the series is shown to converge to a specific value at x=1. - Links are provided to interactive applets that demonstrate Fourier series visually. The document concludes by instructing the reader to complete question 110.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    87 views5 pages

    Student Lecture 44 Fourier Series Over An Arbitrary Period

    Uploaded by

    uploadingperson
    - The document discusses Fourier series over an arbitrary period T=2L, where L is half the period. It provides the general formulas for the Fourier coefficients a0, an, and bn and properties of even and odd functions. - Two examples are given to demonstrate how to find the Fourier series for functions with a period of 6 and 2. In the first example, the series is expressed as a sum over odd integers to evaluate a value. In the second example, the series is shown to converge to a specific value at x=1. - Links are provided to interactive applets that demonstrate Fourier series visually. The document concludes by instructing the reader to complete question 110.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 5

    LECTURE 44

    FOURIER SERIES OVER AN ARBITRARY PERIOD


    Suppose that a function f has period T = 2L. Then f may be approximated by the Fourier
    series
    f(x) = a
    0
    +

    n=1
    (a
    n
    cos
    nx
    L
    + b
    n
    sin
    nx
    L
    )
    where the Fourier coecients a
    0
    , a
    n
    and b
    n
    are given by
    a
    0
    =
    1
    2L
    L

    L
    f(x) dx
    a
    n
    =
    1
    L
    L

    L
    f(x) cos
    nx
    L
    dx (n = 1, 2, 3, . . . )
    b
    n
    =
    1
    L
    L

    L
    f(x) sin
    nx
    L
    dx (n = 1, 2, 3, . . . )

    .
    Odd functions have odd series f(x) =

    n=1
    b
    n
    sin
    nx
    L
    Even functions have even series f(x) = a
    0
    +

    n=1
    a
    n
    cos
    nx
    L

    a
    odd dx = 0

    a
    even dx = 2
    a

    0
    even dx
    We turn now to the Fourier series of function with arbitrary period T. To simplify the
    equations we dene L to be half the period so that T = 2L and express the equations in
    terms of L.
    Observe from the equations above that if we replace L by (and hence T by 2) we
    obtain exactly the equations which we have been using over the last few lectures. The
    formulae above will be supplied to you in your nal examination and they are all that
    you need to nd all the dierent types of Fourier series. Do not commit anything else to
    memory.
    All of the techniques and tricks from before still apply in this slightly more general
    setting.
    1
    Example 1 Let f(x) =

    | x| 3 x < 3;
    f(x + 6) otherwise.
    i) Sketch f over 9 x < 9.
    ii) Find the Fourier series of f.
    iii) Express the Fourier series of f as a sum over the odd integers.
    iv) By considering the series at x = 0 show that

    2
    8
    = 1 +
    1
    9
    +
    1
    25
    +
    1
    49
    +
    1
    81
    +
    2
    f(x) =
    3
    2
    +

    n=1
    6((1)
    n
    1)
    n
    2

    2
    cos(
    nx
    3
    )
    f(x) =
    3
    2

    12

    2
    (
    cos(
    x
    3
    )
    1
    +
    cos(
    3x
    3
    )
    9
    +
    cos(
    5x
    3
    )
    25
    +
    cos(
    7x
    3
    )
    49
    +
    f(x) =
    3
    2

    12

    k=0
    cos

    (2k + 1)x
    3

    (2k + 1)
    2

    3
    Example 2 Let f(x) =

    x 1 x < 1;
    f(x + 2) otherwise.
    i) Sketch f over 3 x < 3.
    ii) Find the Fourier series of f.
    iii) To what value does the Fourier series converge at x = 1?
    iv) By considering the series at x =
    1
    2
    show that

    4
    = 1
    1
    3
    +
    1
    5

    1
    7
    +
    4
    f(x) =

    n=1
    2
    n
    (1)
    n+1
    sin nx Converges to 0 at x = 1
    The following links are to some interesting applets on Fourier series:
    www.falstad.com/fourier/
    www.univie.ac.at/future.media/moe/galerie/fourier/fourier.html
    44
    You can now do Q 110
    5

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