TM 11-620 Scr-608a and 628a

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WAR DEPARTMENT TECHNICAL MANUAL
RADIO SETS SCR-608-A
and SCR-628
This is a reprint of TM H-620, Radio Sets, SCR-608-A and SCR-628-A, 1 January
1944. No distribution will be made to personnel possessing the original publication.
WAR DEPARTMENT 1 JANUARY 1944
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WA R DEPARTMENT TECHNICAL MANUAL
T M 11-620
RADIO SETS SCR-608-A
and SCR-628-A
WAR DEPARTMENT / JANUARY 1944
United States Government Printing Office
: 1945
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WAR DEPARTMENT
WASHINGTON 25, D. C, 1 January, 1944.
TM 11-620, Radio Sets SCR-608-A and SCR-628-A, is published for the
information and guidance of all concerned.
[A. G. 300.7 (6 August, 1943).]
By order of the Secretary of War:
G. C. MARSHALL,
Chief of Staff.
Official:
J. A. ULIO,
Major General,
The Adjutant General.
Distribution:
CandH6(4);Bn 18(4); ICl8(2), 11(10).
(For explanation of symbols see FM 21-6.)
H \
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION I. Description. / Page
Paragraph 1. Purpose ..... ............... <JL, , . . 1
2. Performance Characteristics ..............." .^7 . . 1
3. General Features ....................... 1
4. Associated Items ....................... 7
5. Frequency Modulation . ._, , .................. 9
6. Mounting FT-237-(*) . . ....... ............ 11
7. Radio Receiver BC-683-A .................... 11
8. Radio Transmitter BC-684-A ................... 12
9. Remote Control Unit RM-29-D .................. 25
10. Dynamotors DM-34-(*), DM-35-(*), DM-36-(*), DM-37-(*) ....... 25
77. Cabinet CH-74-A ....................... 27
12. Mountings FT-284-(*) and FT-285-(*) and Frame FM-43 ......... 27
73. Mast Bases ......................... 27
14. Mast Base Bracket MP-52 .................... 27
15. Mast Sections ........................ 27
16. Cords and Cordage ...................... 27
II. Installation and Operation.
17. Initial Procedure ....................... 29
18. Installation .......................... 29
19. Preparation for Use ...................... 30
20. Operation ......................... 32
21. Presetting Push Buttons ..................... 36
22. System Operation ....................... 41
III. Functioning of Parts.
23. Functioning of Radio Receiver BC-68 3- A ............... 43
24. Functioning of Radio Transmitter BC-684-A .............. 57
25. Functioning of Remote Control Unit RM-29-D ............. 63
26. Functioning of Dynamotors DM-34-(*), DM-35-(*), DM-36-(*), DM-37-(*) . 63
27. Functioning of Control Circuits .................. 63
IV. Maintenance.
28. General Maintenance Information ............. .... 71
29. Routine Check of Mounting ................... 73
30. Routine Check of Radio Receiver BC-683-A .............. 73
3/. Routine Check of Radio Transmitter BC-684-A .... ......... 77
32. Routine Check of System .................... 84
33. Emergency Check of Receiver Output Volume and Circuit Alignment ...... 84
34. Emergency Alignment of Radio Receiver BC-683-A ........... 86
)5. Emergency Alignment of Radio Transmitter BC-684-A .......... 95
36. Emergency Sources of Test Tones .................. 100
37. Precision Alignment of Radio Receiver BC-683-A ............ 100
38. Precision Alignment of Radio Transmitter BC-684-A ........... 105
39. Location of Trouble in Radio Receiver BC-683-A ............ 109
40. Location of Trouble in Radio Transmitter BC-684-A ........... 1 24
41. Maintenance of Dynamotors ................... 130
V. Supplementary Data.
42. Replacement of Parts ...................... 133
43. Modifications During Manufacture ................. 139
44. Color Codes on Components ................... 149
45. Table of Replaceable Parts .................... 156
III
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LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
grouped according to components
Fig. Title Page
General:
1 Radio Set SCR-608-A: Front View of Cabinet CH-74-A with Associated Components . . . VIII
2 Radio Set SCR-628-A: Front View of Cabinet CH-74-A with Associated Components .... 2
3 Radio Set SCR-608-A: Over-all and Unit Dimensions 8
23 Radio Set SCR-608-A: System Block Diagram -41
69 Radio Set SCR-608-A: System Schematic Diagram 189
Radio Receiver BC-683-A:
6 Front View 12
7 Oblique Rear View 13
8 Left-hand Interior View 14
9 Right-hand Interior View 15
10 Push-button Assembly, Right-side View 16
11 Push-button Assembly, Front View 16
24 Block Diagram 43
25 Functional Diagram of R-f Amplifier, Modulator, and R-f Oscillator 44
26 Functional Diagram of I-f Amplifier and Limiter 46
27a Functional Diagram of Discriminator 48
27b, c, d Vector Diagrams Showing Phase Relations in the Discriminator 49
28 Functional Diagram of A-f Amplifier 51
29 Functional Diagram of Delayed-automatic-volume-control Circuit 52
30 Functional Diagram of Squelch Circuit 54
31 Functional Diagram of I-f Oscillator 56
32 Functional Diagram of the Heater Circuits 57
43 Wiring Diagram of Front Panel 72
44 Apparatus Location Diagram, Front View of Panel 73
45 Apparatus Location Diagram, Left-side View 74
46 Apparatus Location Diagram, Right-side View 75
51 Location of Alignment and Tuning Controls . . . .; 93
57 Voltage Diagram 117
58 Resistance Diagram 119
70 Schematic Diagram Showing Modifications During Manufacture 191
71 Schematic Diagram 193
72 Wiring Diagram Without Front Panel i . 195
Radio Transmitter BC-684-A:
12 Front View With Crystal Compartment Open 17
13 Assembly and Exploded View of Crystals 18
14 Right-hand End View with Cover Plate Removed 19
15 Interior View with Top Cover and Dynamotor Removed . 20
16 Push-button Assembly, Left-side View 21
17 Push-button Assembly, Right-side View 21
18 Interior View with Bottom Cover Removed 22
33 Block Diagram 58
34 Functional Diagram of Oscillator and First R-f Amplifier 58
35 Functional Diagram of Modulator and Rectifier .- 59
36 Method of Modulation 60
37 Functional Diagram of Tripler, Doubler, Power Amplifier, and Antenna Coupling Circuits . . 61
38 Functional Diagram of A-f Amplifier 62
47 Apparatus Location Diagram, End View and Detail Through Section A-A 78
48 Apparatus Location Diagram, Top View 79
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LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS-C0/'*
.
Fig. Title
49 Apparatus Location Diagram, Front View 80
50 Apparatus Location Diagram, Bottom View 82
52 Location of Alignment and Tuning Controls 97
59 Voltage Diagram 125
60 Resistance Diagram 127
73 Schematic Diagram Showing Modifications During Manufacture 197
75 Wiring Diagram 201
77 Artificial Antenna Used for Testing 205
Mounting FT-237-(*):
4 Oblique Front View 10
5 Details 10
62 Wiring Diagram 135
Remote Control Unit RM-29-D:
19 Front View 23
20 Interior View 23
76 Schematic and Wiring Diagram 203
Dynamotors DM-34-(*), DM-35-(*), DM-36-(*), DM-37-(*):
21a DynamotorDM-34-(*) or Dynamotor DM-36-(*) 24
21b Dynamotor DM- 34- (*) or Dynamotor DM- 36-(*): Sub-base View 24
22a Dynamotor DM-35-(*) or Dynamotor DM-37-(*^ 26
22b Dynamotor DM-35-(*) or Dynamotor DM-37-(*): Sub-base View 26
39 Schematic and Wiring Diagrams , 64-65
40 Apparatus Location Diagrams 66
41 Dynamotor DM-34-(*) or Dynamotor DM-36-(*): Exploded View 67
42 Dynamotor DM-35-(*) or Dynamotor DM-37-(*): Exploded View 68
Adapter FT-384-(*):
53 Front View 101
54 Back View 101
55 Application to Radio Receiver BC-683-A 102
56 Schematic and Wiring Diagram , 103
Capacitors and Resistors:
63 Types of Capacitors and Resistors 146
64 Molded Mica Capacitors: Three-dot Color Code 150
65 Molded Mica Capacitors: RMA Six-dot Color Code 151
66a Molded Mica Capacitors: AWS Six-dot Color Code 152
66b Molded Paper Capacitors: AWS Six-dot Color Code 153
67 Tubular Ceramic Capacitors: RMA Color Code 153
68 Fixed Resistors: RMA and AWS Color Codes 154
Artificial Antenna:
77 For Testing Radio Transmitter BC-684-A 205
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LIST OF TABLES AND CHARTS
Table Title Page
I List of Components and Other Items Required 3
II Channel and Crystal Frequencies 6
III Battery Currents 9
IV Selection of Dynamotors 29
V Meter Switch Readings (RECEIVER TUNE-OPERATE switch at OPERATE) 32
VI Meter Switch Readings (RECEIVER TUNE-OPERATE switch at RECEIVER TUNE) . . .129
VII Capacitor Characteristics 147
VIII Table of Replaceable Parts 156
IX List of Manufacturers 187
Chart
I Equipment Required for Servicing of Radio Receiver BC-683-A 121
II Servicing Procedure for Radio Receivers BC-683-A Not Mounted in a Vehicle 122
III Servicing Procedure for Radio Receivers BC-683-A Mounted in a Vehicle 123
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DESTRUCTION NOTICE
WHY To prevent the enemy from using or salvaging this equipment for his benefit.
WHEN When ordered by your commander, or when you are in immediate danger of
capture.
HOW 1. Smash Use sledges, axes, hand-axes, pick axes, hammers, crowbars,
heavy tools, etc.
2. Cut Use axes, hand-axes, machete, etc.
3. Bum Use gasoline, kerosene, oil, flame-throwers, incendiary gre-
nades, etc.
4. Explosives Use firearms, grenades, TNT, etc.
5. Disposal Bury in slit trenches, foxholes, other holes. Throw in sycams.
Scatter.
6. Use anything immediately available for destruction of this equipment.
WHAT \. Smash Crystals, meter, plugs, tuning controls, tubes, capacitors, resis-
tors, sockets, insulators, microphones, headsets, and relays.
2. Cut Cords, wiring, and cables.
3. Bend and/or
Break Antenna sections, panels, mounting, and nameplate.
4. Burn Circuit label, technical manual and all papers, cords, wiring,
cable, dynamotors, capacitors, resistors, and nameplate.
5. Bury and/or
Scatter Any or all of the above pieces after breaking.
DESTROY EVERYTHING
SAFETY NOTICE
THIS EQUIPMENT USES DANGEROUSLY HIGH VOLTAGES. IT CAN KICK
LIKE A MULE AND IS A DARN SIGHT MORE DANGEROUS. DONT CHANGE
VACUUM TUBES OR WORK IN THE EQUIPMENT WITH THE DYNAMOTOR
RUNNING, EXCEPT AS SPECIFICALLY DIRECTED IN THIS MANUAL. BE
CAREFUL, DONT TAKE CHANCES.
SPECIAL NOTICE
Certain schematic and wiring diagrams in this manual include modifications during
manufacture which are discussed in Paragraph 43. Not all these changes are included
in the functional diagrams, Figs. 25 through 38. Any discrepancies between these two
groups of figures are explained under appropriate heading in Paragraph 43. In case
of such discrepancies, follow the circuit label on the equipment.
VII
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MAST SECTION MS-53
MAST BASE MP-37
MAST BASE BRACKET MP-52
CABINET CH-74-A
RADIO SET
SCR-608-A
MOUNTING FT-384-(#)
Fig. 1. Radio Set SCR-608-A: Front View of Cabinet CH-74-A with Associated Components
VIII
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TM 11-620
PARS. 1-3
I. DESCRIPTION
SECTION I. DESCRIPTION
1. Purpose. Radio Sets SCR-608-A and
SCR-628-A provide frequency-modulated radio
telephone communication for anti-aircraft and
anti-tank warning and control nets, for base sta-
tions at battalion command posts for fire control
and fire direction nets, and for intra-battalion
communication. The radio sets may be installed
and operated in combat vehicles such as command
cars, half-tracks, or any other authorized vehicle.
The sets are designed to operate within a
temperature range of minus 40 degrees to plus
130 degrees Fahrenheit around the set. Don't
operate this equipment for long periods of time
in enclosed spaces where the temperature may
rise too high. Watch this.
2. Performance Characteristics.
a. System.
(1) Frequency range 27.0 to 38.9 megacycles
(2) Channel spacing 100 kilocycles
(3) Number of channels available 120
(4) Channel numbers 270 to 389 inclusive
()) Number of preset channels 10
(6) Communication range 5 to 15 miles
(7) Power supply 12- or 24-voIt vehicular
battery (see Note)
Note: Radio Sets SCR-608-A and SCR-628-A are
equipped with dynamotors for operation from a
12-volt battery. If authorized, they may be op-
erated from a 24-volt battery by substitution of
the proper dynamotor. This is explained fully in
Paragraph 10f. Be sure you don't operate your
set from a battery of the wrong voltage. You'll
burn out tubes, dynamotor, and capacitors.
b. Radio Receiver BC-683-A.
(1) Sensitivity 1 microvolt
(2) Intermediate frequency 2.65 megacycles
(3) Band width 80 kilocycles
(4) Power output, speaker 2 watts
(5) Power output, headset 0.2 watt
(6) Call signal Lamp
(7) Noise suppression - "Squelch"
(8) Battery drain, 12-volt supply 4 amperes
(see Note under Paragraph 2a.)
c. Radio Transmitter BC-684-A.
(1) Nominal power output 20 watts
(2) Nominal frequency
deviation 40 kilocycles
(3) Crystal frequency range 375.000 to
540.277 kilocycles
(4) Frequency multiplication 72
(see Note under Paragraph 2a.)
3. General Features.
a. Arrangement and Weight of Major Com-
ponents, The general construction and arrange-
ment of Radio Sets SCR-608-A and SCR-628-A
are shown in Figs. 1 and 2. Over-all component
and assembly dimensions are shown in Fig. 3.
The radio sets consist of these combinations of
major units:
(1) Radio Set SCR-608-A.
2 Radio Receivers BC-683-A with
12-volt Dynamotor DM-34-(*) 70 Ibs.
1 Radio Transmitter BC-684-A with
1 Mounting FT-237-(*) with Cord
CO-278-A for connection to
power supply - 44 Ibs.
Total weight. 181 Ibs.
(2) fCadio Set SCR-628-A.
1 Radio Receiver BC-683-A with
1 Radio Transmitter BC-684-A with
12-volt Dynamotor DM-35-(*) - 67 Ibs.
1 Mounting FT-237-(*) with Cord
CO-278-A for connection to
power supply 44 Ibs.
Total weight 146 Ibs.
NOTE: Throughout this manual an asterisk within
parentheses (*) indicates the applicable issue letter
of interchangeable components of the equipment.
b. Components of Radio Sets SCR-608-A
and SCR-628-A. For a list of components, refer
to Table I.
c. Vacuum Tube Complement. Radio Re-
ceiver BC-683-A and Radio Transmitter BC-
684-A include, and are issued with, a complete
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MAST SECTION MS-53
\
MAST BASE BRACKET MP-52
RADIO SET
SCR-628-A
MOUNT INC FT-284-(#)
Fig. 2. Radio Set SCR-628-A Front View of Cabinet CH-74 A with Associated Components
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TM 11-620
PAR. 3
I. DESCRIPTION
Quant itj
Table I. List of Components and Other Items Required
Article
Adapter Kit MC-471; includes:
1 Adapter plate; 15 in. x 35 in. x 1% in.
1 Reinforced plate; 16 in. x ll/2 in x TS3 in.
Necessary hardware
Antenna A-83-(*) (Phantom)
Battery Bracket BA-27 [for Remote Control Unit RM-29- (*) ]; 1 in Use, 1 Running Spare
Box BX-40 [for 30 crystal Holders FT-241-(*)]; includes 30 Holders FT-24l-(*)
Bracket (extension for Mounting FT-285)
Bracket (Cabinet CH-74-A)
Cabinet CH-74-A
Case CS-76-(*) [for Remote Control Unit RM-29-(*) ]
Chest CH-96 [for Microphone T-17, Headset HS-30-(*),
Box BX-40, spare tubes, technical manuals, etc.]
Clamp MC-423 (for Mast Section MS-51); 1 in Use, 1 Running Spare
Clamp MC-424 (for Mast Section MS-52); 1 in Use, 1 Running Spare
Cord CD-307-A [65-in. long, for Headset HS-30-(*)]; 1 in Use, 1 Running Spare
Connector and Bondnut; Appleton Electric Co. No. 61004 and BL-50 respectively
Connector and Bondnut; Appleton Electric Co. No. 61007 and BL-50 respectively
Cord CD-604 [for Headset HS-30-(*)]; 1 in Use, 1 Running Spare
Cord CD-689 (for Mast Base MP-48-A)
Cable WC-562
Cord CD-318-A (for Microphone T-45)
Cordage CO-212
Cordage CO-218 [for connecting slip ring to
Interphone Control Box BC-606-(*) in turret.]
Cover BG-96 (for radio set)
Cover BG-108 (for Mast Base MP-48-A)
Dynamotor DM-34-(*) [for Radio Receiver BC-683-(*)]; 12 volts;
includes the following Running Spare in BAG attached to dynamotor:
4-BRUSH (L.V.) INCLUDES SPRINGS
4-BRUSH (H.V.) INCLUDES SPRINGS
Dynamotor DM-35-(*) [for Radio Transmittet BC-684-(*)]; 12 volts;
includes the following Running Spare in BAG attached to dynamotor:
4-BRUSH (L.V.) INCLUDES SPRING
4-BRUSH (H.V.) INCLUDES SPRING
Frame FM-43 [for Cabinet CH-74-A or Mounting FT-237-(*) ]
Hardware Kit: Miscellaneous items
Headset HS-30-(*); 1 in Use, 1 Running Spare
(When Headset HS-30-(*) is not available, Headset HS-18 or HS-23 may be issued.)
Insulator IN-101
Insulator IN-104
Insulator IN-121 (1%-in. long, for insulating antenna wire through metal partition.)
Interphone Control Box BC-606-(*); includes attached hardware as follows: screws,
washers, clamps, clips, and hooks.
1
2
1
*
*
*
1
1
2
2
2
*
2
1
*
*
*
1
1
2
1
1
2
*
*
*
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PAR. 3 RADIO SETS SCR-608-A AND SCR-628-A TM 11-620
Table I. List of Components and Other Items RequiredContinued
Quantity Article
1 Mast Base MP-48-A
* Mast Base Bracket MP-52 (Cabinet CH-74-A)
* Mast Base Bracket MP-54
* Mast Section MS-51
2 Mast Section MS-52; 1 in Use, 1 Running Spare ,
2 Mast Section MS-53; 1 in Use, 1 Running Spate
* Microphone T-17 (hand-type)
* Microphone T-45 (lip-type)
(When Microphone T-17 or T-45 is not available, Microphone T-30 may be issued.)
3 Microphone Cover M-367; 2 in Use, 1 Running Spare
1 , Mounting FT-237-(*); includes:
1 Cord CO-278 (for power)
1 set dust covers for receptacles
All necessary mounting bolts, nuts, and lock washers.
* Mounting FT-284 (for Cabinet CH-74-A)
* Mounting FT-285 (for Cabinet CH-74-A); includes: mounting bolts, nuts, screws,
straps, and bracket.
* Mounting FT-326
2 Radio Receiver BC-683-(*); includes:
10 Fuse FU-24; 1 in Use, 9 Running Spare
3 Lamp LM-63; 1 in Use, 2 Running Spare
2 Tube JAN-6H6 (VT-90); 1 fn Use, 1 Running Spare
2 Tube JAN-6J5 (VT-94)-, I in Use, 1 Running Spare
2 Tube JAN-6V6GT/G (VT-107.-A); 1 in Use, 1 Running Spare
4 Tube JAN-6AC7/1852 (VT-112); 3 in Use, 1 Running Spare
3 Tube JAN-12SG7 (VT-209); 2 in Use, 1 Running Spare
3 Tube JAN-6SL7GT (VT-229); 2 in Use, 1 Running Spare
1 Radio Transmitter BC-684-(*); includes:
120 Crystal Holder FT-241-(*) with Crystal (10 in Sockets, 80 in Drawer Compartment,
30 in Box BX-40)
10 Fuse FU-64; 1 in Use, 9 Running Spare
3 Lamp LM-38; 1 in Use, 2 Running Spare
11 Tube JAN-1619 (VT-164); 7 in Use, 4 Running Spare
2 Tube JAN-1624 (VT-165); 1 in Use, 1 Running Spare
1 Remote Control Unit RM-29- ( * )
1 Roll BG-56-A (for antenna mast sections)
2 Technical Manual TM 11-620 for Radio Sets SCR-608-(*) and SCR-628-(*)
6ft. WireW-128
The asterisk within parentheses (*) indicates that items so indicated are
interchangeable with those marked with a different suffix letter.
An asterisk in the column headed Quantity indicates that the item is issued
in quantities authorized, depending upon the type of installation to be made.
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TM 11-620
PAR. 3
I. DESCRIPTION
set of vacuum tubes in place. The tube comple-
ment of each component follows:
(1) Radio Receiver BC-683-A.
Circuit
Signal Corps
Commercial
Designation
Function
Designation
Designation
VI
R-f amplifier
VT-112
6AC7
V2
Modulator
VT-112
6AC7
V3
R-f oscillator
VT-94
6J5
V4
I-f amplifier
VT-209
12SG7
. V5
I-f amplifier
VT-209
12SG7
V6
Limiter
VT-112
6AC7
V7
Detector (dis-
VT-90
6H6
criminator)
V8
Second a-f
VT-107-A
6V6-GT
amplifier
V9
AVC and
VT-229
6SL7-GT
squelch
VlO
First a-f
VT-229
6SL7-GT
amplifier and
i-f oscillator
(2) Radio Transmitter BC-684-A.
Circuit
Designation
Signal Corps
Designation
Commercial
Designation
Function
V101
First r-f
VT-164
1619
amplifier
V102
Rectifier
VT-164
1619
VI 03
Doublet
VT-164
1619
V104
Power
VT-165
1624
V105
amplifier
First a-f
VT-164
1619
V106
amplifier
Second a-f
VT-164
1619
amplifier
VI 07
Oscillator
VT-164
1619
VI 08
Triplet
VT-164
1619
d. Crystal Holders and Frequency Range.
The receiver and transmitter operate between
27.0 and 38.9 megacycles; this range is divided
into 120 channels of 100 kilocycles each. (See
Table II.) Channels 270 to 279, inclusive, have
the same frequencies as channels 70 to 79, in-
clusive, of the Armored Force [Radio Sets SCR-
508-(*), SCR-528-(*), and SCR-538-(*)].
These channels may therefore be used for liaison
purposes.
A drawer in the transmitter provides storage
for 80 Crystal Holders FT-241-A, one for each
of 80 channel frequencies out of the 120
channels available. Each crystal holder contains
a low-frequency quartz crystal (see Table II),
and is marked with the channel number and out-
put frequency.
e. General Spare Equipment.
(1) Receiver. Ten 15-ampere Fuses FU-24
(one in use, one in the spare holder, and eight in
the attached bag) and three neon CALL SIGNAL
lamps (one in use and two in the attached bag)
are furnished with each receiver.
(2) Transmitter. Ten l/2-ampere Littelfuse
Type 4AG fuses (one installed, one in the spare
holder, and eight in the attached bag) and three
pilot lamps (one installed and two in the at-
tached bag) are furnished with each transmitter.
(3) Mounting. The mounting includes and
is issued with one Cord CO-278-A and ten 75-
ampere Western Electric 66B fuses (one in use,
one in the spare holder, and eight in the attached
bag). Also included are one set of receptacle
dust covers and all necessary mounting bolts,
nuts, and lock washers, together with two copies
of Preliminary Instructions for Radio Sets SCR-
608-A and SCR-628-A.
/. Code Designation of Component Parts.
Remember the method of numbering the com-
ponent parts used in the various units of these
radio sets. This will help you determine whether
the part belongs in the receiver, transmitter, etc.
Parts in the schematic and wiring diagrams, and
usually on the equipment units also, are desig-
nated by a number preceded by one or more let-
ters. For example, C25, C115, L701, etc. Num-
bers for these units are shown in the column
headed "Reference Number" in the Table of
Replaceable Parts, Paragraph 45. Reference
numbers from:
1 to 99 are used for parts in
Radio Receiver BC-683-A.
Radio Transmitter BC-684-A.
Mounting FT-237-(*).
501 to 599 are used for pans in
DynamotorDM-35-(*) (transmitter, 12 volts).
Dynamotor DM-37-(*) (transmitter, 24 volts).
701 to 799 are used Tor parts in
Dynamotor DM-34-(*) (receiver, 12 volts).
Dynamotor DM-36-(*) (receiver, 24 volts).
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PAR. 3
TM 11-620
RADIO SETS SCR-608-A AND SCR-628-A
Table II. Channel and Crystal Frequencies
Crystal frequency
(kilocycles)
Output Frequency
(megacycles)
Crystal Frequency
(kilocycles)
Output Frequency
(megacycles)
Channel
Channel
270
375.000
27.0
330
458.333
33.0
271
376.388
27.1
331
459.722
33.1
272
377.777
27.2
332
461.111
33.2
273
379.166
27.3
333
462.500
33.3
274
380.555
27.4
334
463.888
33.4
275
381.944
27.5
335
465.277
33.5
276
383.333
27.6
336
466.666
33.6
277
384.722
27.7
337
468.055
33.7
278
386.111
27.8
338
469.444
33.8
279
387.500
27.9
339
470.833
33.9
280
388.888
28.0
340
472.222
34.0
281
390.277
28.1
341
473-611
34.1
282
391.666
28.2
542
475.000
34.2
283
393.055
28.3
543
476.388
34.3
284
394.444
28.4
344
477.777
34.4
285
395.833
28.5
345
479.166
34.5
286
397.222
28.6
346
480.555
34.6
287
398.611
28.7
347
481.944
34.7
288
400.000
28.8
348
483.333
34.8
289
401.388
28.9
349
484.722
34.9
290
402.777
29.0
350
486.111
35.0
291
404.166
29.1
351
487.500
35.1
292
405.555
29.2
352
488.888
35.2
293
406.944
29.3
353
490.277
35.3
294
408.333
29.4
354
491.666
35.4
295
409.722
29.5
355
493.055
35.5
296
411.111
29.6
356
494.444
35.6
297
412.500
29.7
357
495.833
35.7
298
413.888
29.8
358
497.222
35.8
299
415.277
29.9
359
498.611
35.9
300
416.666
30.0
360
500.000
36.0
301
418.055
30.1
361
501.388
36.1
302
419.444
30.2
362
502.777
36.2
303
420.833
30.3
363
504.166
36.3
304
422.222
30.4
364
505.555
36.4
305
423.611
30.5
365
506.944
36.5
306
425.000
30.6
366
508.333
36.6
307
426.388
30.7
367
509.722
36.7
308
427.777
30.8
368
511.111
36.8
309
429.166
30.9
369
512.500
36.9
310
430.555
31.0
370
513.888
37.0
311
431.944
31.1
371
515.277
37.1
312
433.333
31.2
372
516.666
37.2
313
434.722
31.3
373
518.055
37.3
314
436.111
31-4
374
519.444
37.4
315
437.500
31.5
375
520.833
37.5
316
438.888
31.6
376
522.222
37.6
317
440.277
31.7
377
523.611
37.7
318
441.666
31-8
378
525.000
37.8
319
443.055
31.9
379
526.388
37.9
320
444.444
32.0
380
527.777
38.0
321
445.833
32.1
381
529.166
38.1
322
447.222
32.2
382
530.555
38.2
323
448.611
32.3
383
531.944
38.3
324
450.000
32.4
384
533.333
38.4
3.15
451.388
32.5
385
534.722
38.5
326
452.777
32.6
386
536.111
38.6
327
454.166
32.7
387
537.500
38.7
328
455.555
32.8
388
538.888
38.8
329
456.944
32.9
389
540.277
38.9
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TM
PAR. 4
I. DESCRIPTION
4. Associated Items.
a. Antenna System.
(1) Mast Base MP-48 or MP-37 is used
and must be mounted in such a way that the an-
tenna will normally be in a vertical position.
Mast Base MP-48 is equipped with a coaxial con-
nector cable running up through the center. An
antenna terminal is provided at the top of the
mast base. Another terminal is provided on the
lower end of the coaxial connector cable for con-
necting to the set by means of Wire W-128. A
coaxial cable fitting is also furnished with
MP-48 for the purpose of joining the lower end
of the coaxial connector cable of MP-48 to a
coaxial line from the set.
(2) Three mast sections (MS-51, MS-52,
MS-53) must be used, except that only two mast
sections (MS-52, MS-53) are to be used with
Mast Base Bracket MP-52. (Mast Base Bracket
MP-52 is used in half-track installations and is
mounted on the top of Cabinet CH-74-A at the
left front corner.) Mast joints should be tight-
ened securely by use of gas pliers or other suit-
able tools, and should be taped to prevent loss
of mast sections. Put on two servings of friction
tape as tightly as possible. The first serving
should be applied counterclockwise, starting on
the lower half of the joint and taping upwards
from the left to the right. If available, Clamps
MC-423 and MC-424 should be used instead
of tape.
(3) Wire W-128 should be used between
the mast base and the set when the length of the
run is less than 40 inches. Do not use more
W-128 than is necessary. This wire can be con-
nected to either the top or the bottom terminal
of MP-48, or may be fed up through the center
of MP-48 after removal of the center coaxial
connector cable. In the latter case the maximum
permissible length of W-128 is 52 inches. The
center coaxial cable must always be removed
when connection is made to the top terminal;
otherwise the range of the set will be reduced
greatly. When passing W-128 through the side
of the vehicle, chests, etc., always insert an insu-
lating bushing, such as IN-101 or IN-111, in the
hole to protect the wire. Wire should be run and
supported in such a way that it is protected from
damage and will not be subject to chafing due to
vibration.
(4) Coaxial cable, Cordage CO-282, should
be used between the mast base and the set when
the length of run is over 40 inches. The length
of CO-282 must always be 7 feet (plus or minus
1 foot). If 7 feet is more than is needed, tape up
the excess in a coil. The sheath of CO-282 must
be grounded at both ends. When MP-37 is used,
a short ground lead at the mast base is required
to ground the sheath. When MP-48 is used, the
coaxial cable fitting that joins CO-282 to the
center coaxial cable connector of MP-48 provides
for sheath grounding at the mast base. When
passing CO-282 through the side of the vehicle,
chests, etc., always insert an insulating bushing,
such as IN-101 or IN-111, in the hole. Cable
should be run and supported in such a way that
it is protected from damage and will not be sub-
ject to chafing due to vibration.
(5) In installations using Mast Base Bracket
MP-52 mounted on top of Cabinet CH-74-A, the
lead from the mast base to the binding post on
Mounting FT-237-(*) will be W-128 run inside
of MP-52. Coaxial cable must not be used and
will be removed from MP-48, if already installed.
(6) The antenna may be tied down when
the vehicle is in motion in order to clear over-
head power lines and obstructions. When the
vehicle is stationary, the antenna may be tied
down for reasons of concealment. Remember,
however, that range and signal strength are re-
duced when the antenna is tied down. For maxi-
mum range and signal strength release the an-
tenna. The antenna may be tied down by the use
of Rope RP-5, an insulator such as IN-86 or
IN-87, and a short piece of flat metal. Drill
holes in each end of the metal piece, slip it over
the threaded part of a mast section ferrule, and
assemble the joint. Tie down to a convenient
point on the vehicle with the insulator placed
close to the antenna mast.
Note: The radiating system, which includes die
antenna and ground circuit, must be of such
7
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Fig. 3. Radio Set SCR-608-A: Over-all and Unit Dimensions
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TM 11-620 _ _ I. DESCRIPTION _ PARS. 4-5
dimensions that the circuits of the transmitter This system of communication, which is com-
and the receiver can be resonated at the author- paratively new, has one important advantage
ized frequencies. Make the ground connection over the older amplitude modulation systems:
for the antenna system through the contact be- Within the limit of its useful range, trouble from
tween the mounting and the frame of the vehicle. static is greatly reduced. Of course, static is not
Where there is no direct connection to the frame, completely eliminated, but within the normal
or where the connection is unsuitable, connect it 5- to 15-mile range it is much less troublesome.
to the frame through short lengths of braided If static becomes strong when talking to another
copper strap l/2'incn wide. Make certain that station, it is generally a sign that you are hear
there is good electrical contact at both ends of the limit of your working range. (See Paragraph
the straps and allow sufficient slack to permit 20d for good and bad places for radio communi-
free movement of the unit in the shock mount- cation.) Some of the technical features of f re-
ing. If your ground lead is too short, vibration quency modulation (FM) are explained in
will soon break it. Section III of this manual. The basic idea is out-
b. Microphones and Headsets. One Headset lined briefly in the following paragraphs.
HS-30-(*), HS-18, or HS-23 and one Micro- b. Communication is effected by modulation
phone T-17, T-30, or T-33 are required for each of the carrier frequency. That is to say, the car-
person using the equipment. Microphone T-17 rier frequency is made to vary with the loudness
is the carbon hand type, Microphone T-30 is the and fitch of the voice signal. Loud speech causes
carbon throat type, and Microphone T-33 is the greater variation of the carrier frequency, soft
magnetic hand type. Separate jacks are provided speech causes less variation. High-pitched sounds
for use with either the carbon or the magnetic cause the carrier frequency to vary more rapidly
type of microphone. than do low-pitched sounds. The amplitude and
c . Battery Power Supply. Your radio sets op- power of the transmitted wave remain substanti-
erate from either a 12- or 24-volt battery power ally constant during modulation.
source (depending upon the transmitter and re- These characteristics are quite different from
ceiver dynamotors furnished; see Paragraph 10) . those of amplitude modulation such as used by
The battery used is the one already installed in Radio ^K SCR-245-(*) and SCR-299-(*) in
your vehicle. You must have sufficient battery which the **P**** and modulating frequency
capacity and charging rate to maintain essentially of the transmi"ed wave varY wi'h the speech
full charge in the battery under all operating con- 'loudness and t*ch, while the carrier frequency
ditions. The battery current required to operate remains constant- Static noise 1S more closely re-
all units of the radio sets is given in Table III. lated to amflltude modulation than it is to fre-
Keep it in mind. Don't let your battery become Iuenc1 modulat'on: therefore interference with
discharged. If it does your communications will Signals 1S reduced throuh the use of frequency-
fail and your vehicle stall. modulation receiver circuits which suppress amp-
litude variations. This "discrimination" against
Table III. Battery Currents received static noise gives you improved com-
Battery Drain (Amperes) munication within your set's range. But at the
-Volt Battery 24-Volt Battery end of your range and beyond it, frequencymod-
(22-30 volts) when
SCR-608-A 28 16 static gets bad, you're either at the end of your
"628'A - 24 _ 14 _ range, or your receiver isn't getting much of a
5. Frequency Modulation. sig"f l f "^ *e Statio" ? a/C "^f tO
The methods employed for modulation and
a. Radio Sets SCR-608-A and SCR-628-A op- demodulation are explained in Paragraphs 23
crate on the principle of frequency modulation, and 24 of this technical manual.
85S334 O - - 1
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Fig. 4. Mounting FT-237-(*): Oblique Front View
Fig. 5. Mounting FT-237-(*): Details
10
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TM
PARS. 6-7
I. DESCRIPTION
6. Mounting FT-237-(*).
a. General. This mounting (Fig. 4), will hold
either:
(1) Radio Set SCR608-A. One Radio
Transmitter BC-684-A and two Radio Receivers
BC-683-A.
(2) Radio Set SCR-628-A. One Radio
Transmitter BC-684-A and one Radio Receiver
BC-683-A.
The transmitter must be installed in its allotted
place at the left end of the mounting, but the
receiver may be installed in either of the two
right-hand positions. Each unit is secured to the
mounting by thnmbscrew clamps and may be
quickly removed without tools.
Dust covers are provided for protection of the
unused receptacles. Screw the dust covers to the
rear of the mounting when removed from the
receptacles. (See Fig. 4.)
A reversible nameplate bearing the words
BATTERY VOLTAGE 12 v on one side, and BATTERY
VOLTAGE 24 v on the other side, is screwed to
the front of the mounting near the right-hand
end. (This plate will normally show BATTERY
VOLTAGE 12 v for Radio Sets SCR-608-A and
SCR-628-A. Don't reverse the nameplate unless
24-volt operation is authorized.)
b. Fastening of Mounting. Secure the mount-
ing to the vehicle frame or other support by bolts
passed through two heavy bedplates on the
mounting. There are four bolt holes in each bed-
plate.
Each bedplate supports the mounting through
two sets of rubber shock absorbers. In addition,
two rubber snubbers on each bedplate prevent
excessive movement of the equipment on the
mounting. Electrical bonding straps are con-
nected across each rubber shock absorber to pro-
vide a good ground connection to the bedplates.
c. Terminals. There are two terminals at the
left end of the mounting. Connect the antenna
system to the terminal designated TR for radio
transmission and reception (Radio Sets SCR-
608-A and SCR-628-A) or to the terminal desig-
nated REC for reception only. A ground terminal
is provided by a screw on the mounting. Later
mountings have a ground binding post located
near the antenna terminals for grounding the
sheath of coaxial cable (Cordage CO-282).
A door in the base plate of the mounting per-
mits access to the battery fuse (F401), and a ter-
minal strip (TS401). (See Fig. 5.) One of the
spare battery fuses is held in a clip on the under
side of the door. The positive battery connection
is made at the right-hand end of fuse F401. The
negative battery connection is made at a screw
on the under side of the mounting base plate,
which is marked x in Fig. 5. Three methods of
running the battery cable, through the right end,
front, or rear of Mounting FT-237-(*), are
illustrated in Fig. 3-
d. Interconnections Between Units. All con-
nections between the transmitter and receiver
units and the mounting are made through multi-
contact plugs and receptacles which are auto-
matically engaged when the units are inserted
into their proper positions on the mounting. The
wiring between receptacles is enclosed in a trough
along the rear and left end of the mounting.
7. Radio Receiver BC-683-A.
a. Description of Functions. Radio Receiver
BC-683-A is of the superheterodyne type and is
intended for reception of frequency-modulated
signals within the range of 27.0 to 38.9 mega-
cycles. The receiver can deliver an output of ap-
proximately 2 watts to its self-contained loud-
speaker or about 200 milliwatts to its headset
circuits.
A front view of the receiver is shown in Fig. 6
and an oblique rear view is shown in Fig. 7.
The receiver is turned to ON or to OFF by the
switch marked REC.
The front panel contains ten push buttons by
means of which any one of ten preadjusted chan-
nels may be selected immediately, much the same
as any home "touch-tuning" radio. When a push
button is fully depressed, it catches and is held
in until another push button is partially de-
pressed, at which rime the first push button re-
leases and the selector mechanism is disengaged.
When the selector is disengaged (all push but-
II
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PARS. 7-8
TM 11-620
Fig. 6. Radio Receiver BC-683-A: Front View
tons released), the receiver may be tuned by
pushing the PUSH TO TUNE push button while
rotating the TUNINQ control.
Two jacks, marked PHONES, are provided for
headset operation. The output of the receiver
may be connected to the headset circuit by throw-
ing the OUTPUT TO PHONES switch to ON. When
the OUTPUT TO PHONES switch is at OFF, the
headset circuit is disconnected from the radio
receiver. The loudspeaker, however, will still be
connected to the receiver output. To use the loud-
speaker, place the SPEAKER switch at ON. Regu-
late the headset and loudspeaker volume by ad-
justing the VOLUME control.
A noise suppression or "squelch" circuit is
switched on or off by the SQUELCH switch. When
the SQUELCH switch is at ON, the sensitivity of
the receiver is adjusted by the SENSITIVITY con-
trol. When the SQUELCH switch is at OFF, the
receiver sensitivity is restored to maximum and
cannot be adjusted.
The CALL SIGNAL lamp indicates that a signal
is being received provided the SQUELCH switch
is at ON and the SENSITIVITY control has been ad-
justed to prevent operation of the squelch circuit
by received noise.
The TUNE-OPERATE switch starts a preset in-
termediate-frequency oscillator when at TUNE
to assist in the adjustment of the channel selector
mechanism or to aid in tuning to weak signals.
The intermediate-frequency oscillator is also
used when aligning or servicing the receiver.
Active and spare fuses are contained in the
two fuse receptacles designated FUSE and SPARE.
Antenna and ground binding posts, designated
A and G, are provided for testing purposes and
special services. These connections are not used
when the receiver is installed for operation.
To remove the receiver dust cover turn the
fastener on the rear of the cover (see Fig. 7)
one-fourth turn to the left and slide the cover
off the rear of the receiver. Figure 8 is a view of
the left-hand side of the receiver, and Fig. 9
shows the right-hand side of the receiver after
removal of the dust cover. Figures 10 and 11
show the receiver push button assembly, viewed
from the right side and the front respectively.
b. Power Supply. Radio Receiver BG683-A
is issued with Dynamotor DM-34-(*) for op-
eration from a 12-volt vehicle battery. If author-
ized, the receiver may be operated from a 24-volt
vehicle battery by merely substituting Dynamotor
DM- 36- ( * ) in place of Dynamotor DM-34- ( * ).
This is the only change necessary since a multi-
contact jack on the base of each dynamotor is
wired to make the necessary circuit changes.
8. Radio Transmitter BC-684-A.
a. Description of Functions. The transmitter
operates in the frequency band from 27.0 to 38.9
megacycles and delivers a nominal power output
of 20 watts to its antenna system. The carrier is
frequency-modulated. A maximum frequency
deviation of plus or minus 80 kilocycles (total
frequency swing, 160 kilocycles) can be ob-
12
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ANTENNA TRIMMER
CAPACITOR
Fig. 7. Radio Receiver BC-683-A: Oblique Rear View
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Fig. 8. Radio Receiver BC-683-A: Left-hand Interior View
14
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Fig. 9. Radio Receiver BC-683-A: Right-hand Interior View
15
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Fig. 10. Radio Receiver BC-683-A: Push-button Assembly, Right-side View
Fig. 11. Radio Receiver BC-683-A: Push-button Assembly, Front View
16
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Fig. 12. Radio Transmitter BC-684-A: Front View with Crystal Compartment Open
17
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PAR. 8
TM 11-620
! 1
r I
Fig. 13. Radio Transmitter BC-684-A: Assembly
and Exploded View of Crystals
tuined; ordinarily, however, the frequency devi-
ation is much less than this. Under most operat-
ing conditions the deviation, even on voice peaks,
is less than plus or minus 40 kilocycles (total
swing, 80 kilocycles).
A front oblique view of the transmitter is
shown in Fig. 1 (large unit at the left). Figure
12 is a closer front view and Fig. 13 shows as-
sembly and exploded views of typical crystals. A
view of the right-hand end of the transmitter
showing the various controls and access openings
is given in Fig. 14.
The front panel contains ten push buttons by
means of which any of ten preadjusted transmit-
ting channels may be immediately selected. This
operates exactly like the push-button type of
broadcast radio for the home. Like the receivers,
you merely push one of several buttons on the
front of the set to select the channel you want.
Antenna and ground binding posts, designated
A and G, are provided for test purposes, and they
are not normally used when the transmitter is
installed for operation. The RECEIVER TUNE-
OPERATE switch makes it possible to use the
transmitter as a source of known signal frequency
for adjustment and testing of associated radio
receivers. The transmitter filaments and relay
circuits are energized by the ON-OFF switch and
transmission is started by operating the control
switch on the operator's microphone. The pilot
lamp lights when the TRANSMITTER switch is at
ON. Plug microphones of the carbon type, such
as Microphone T-17 and Microphone T-30, into
the CARB MIC jack. Connect Microphone T-33,
which is of the magnetic type, at the MAGNETIC
MIC jack.
Active and spare fuses are contained in the
two fuse receptacles designated FUSE and SPARE.
The panel meter may be connected in various
circuits by means of the TUNE-ANT CUR switch on
the panel and the six-position METER SWITCH
(Fig. 14) to observe transmitter output and cir-
cuit operating conditions. The meter is not cali-
brated in milliamperes or other standard uqit of
measure as it is used only as an indicator of rela-
tive current flow.
The SIDETONE control shown in Fig. 14 ad-
justs the volume of transmitted speech heard in
the operator's headset. The ten screwdriver-
operated controls are for antenna tuning adjust-
ments.
Remove the top or bottom cover plates for
access to the interior of the transmitter. Figure
15 is a view of the interfor with the top cover
plate removed. Figures 16 and 17 show the
transmitter push-button assembly viewed from
the left and from the right side respectively. A
view of the interior with the bottom cover plate
removed is shown in Fig. 18.
b. Power Supply. Radio Transmitter BC-684-
A is furnished with a dynamotor, Dynamotor
DM-35-(*), suitable for operation from a 12-
volt vehicle battery. If authorized, the transmitter
may be operated from a 24-volt vehicle battery
by merely substituting Dynamotor DM-37-(*)
in place of Dynamotor DM-35-(*). This is the
only change necessary, since a multicontact jack
on the base of each dynamotor is wired to make
the necessary circuit changes. The design of
Dynamotors DM-35-(*) and DM-37-(*) is
based on an average duty cycle of 5 minutes on
and 15 minutes off at high temperatures. Don't
operate the transmitter dynamotors continuously
over long periods. You might burn out your dy-
namotor.
It
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Fig. 14. Radio Transmitter BC-684-A: Right-hand End View with Cover Plate Removed
19
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Fig. 15. Radio Transmitter QC-684-A: Interior View with Top Cover and Dynamotor Removed
20
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Fig. 16. Radio Transmitter BC-684-A: Push-button Assembly, Left-side View
Fig. 17. Radio Transmitter BC-684-A: Push-button Assembly, Right-side View
21
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Fig. 18. Radio Transmitter BC-684-A: Interior View with Bottom Cover Removed
22
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Fig. 19. Remote Control Unit RM-29-D: Front View
Fig. 20. Remote Control Unit RM-29-D: Interior View
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Fig. 21a. Dynamotor DM-34-(*) or Dynamotor DM-36-(*)
Fig. 21b. Dynamotor DM-34-(*) or Dynamotor DM-35-(*): Sub-base View
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TM
PARS. 9-10
I. DESCRIPTION
9. Remote Control Unit RM>29-D.
Note: The information regarding Remote Con-
trol Unit RM-29-D in this and subsequent para-
graphs is given to assist radio operators in setting
up Radio Sets SCR-608-A and SCR-628-A for
remote control operation. Do not regard this
information as complete, but refer to Technical
Manual TM 11-308, covering the remote control
unit, for detailed information and instructions.
a. Description of Functions. Remote Control
Unit RM-29-D provides for remote control of the
radio equipment and operates in conjunction
with Telephone EE-8-(*) over a two-wire tele-
phone line. A front view of the remote control
unit is shown in Fig. 19, and an internal view
with the housing removed is shown in Fig. 20.
Two plug-terminated cords are provided to
connect the remote control unit to the radio trans-
mitter and radio receiver. The two-wire tele-
phone line from the remotely located field Tele-
phone EE-8-(*) terminates at binding posts LI
and L2 on the remote control unit. Microphone
T-17 and a headset, when plugged into the re-
mote control unit, are used for transmission and
reception of signals via the radio set, for moni-
toring signals between the telephone and the
radio set, and for direct communication with
Telephone EE-8-(*).
The three modes of operation are selected by
the switch marked RADIO-THROUGH-TELEPHONE
on the front of the remote control unit. Opera-
tion is as follows:
(1) Switch at RADIO. The radio set is con-
trolled entirely by the operator stationed at the
remote control unit, with the switch at RADIO.
The operator Can transmit and receive signals
via the radio set.
(2) Switch at THROUGH. The radio set is
still under control of the operator at the remote
control unit with the switch at THROUGH. How-
ever, this operator can no longer transmit via
the radio set, but can only monitor all signals
passing over the line, bom from the radio re-
ceiver to any Telephone EE-8-(*) connected to
the telephone line from the remote control unit,
and from any telephone to the radio transmitter.
(3) Switch at TELEPHONE. The remote
control unit functions as a telephone very similar
to Telephone EE-8-(*) with the switch at TELE-
PHONE, and the operator can communicate with
any telephone connected to the telephone line,
but is disconnected from the radio equipment.
b. Power Supply. One Battery BA-27 (41/2
volts) is mounted inside the remote control unit
for operation of Microphone T-17 The current
drain from this battery is from 50 to 95 milli-
amperes, depending on the position of the micro-
phone.
10. Dynamotors DM-34-(*), DM-35-(*),
DM-36-(*), DM-37-(*).
a. Dynamotors DM-34-(*) and DM-36-(*).
Each of these dyhamotors provides about 200
volts for operation of the receiver. The dyna-
motors are of similar appearance; and two views
are shown in Fig. 2la and Fig. 2lb. The dyna-
motors are totally enclosed. Their armatures are
dynamically balanced and are supported by two
single-race ball bearings. Both dynamotors are
shunt wound. The primary and secondary wind-
ings are wound in the same armature slots, but
the two windings are brought out to separate
commutators mounted on opposite ends of the
armature shaft.
b. Dynamotors DM-35-(*) and DM-37-(*).
Each of these dynamotors provides approximate-
ly 625 volts for operation of the transmitter. The
dynamotors are of similar appearance; and two
views are shown in Fig. 22a and Fig. 22b. Ex-
cept for screened breathing vents in the end
covers, the dynamotors are totally enclosed. The
screened holes have been omitted in later
dynamotors to reduce the entrance of dust or
sand. This does not affect the power rating of
the dynamotors. Their armatures are dynamical-
ly balanced and are supported by two single-race
ball bearings. Both dynamotors are compound
wound. The primary and secondary are wound in
the same armature slots, but the two windings
are brought out to separate commutators
mounted on opposite ends of the armature shaft.
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Fig. 22a. Dynamotor DM-35-1') or Dynamotor DM-37-C )
A
Fig. 22b. Dynamotor DM-35-D or Dynamotor DM-37-(*): Sub-base View
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TM 11-620
PARS. 10-16
I. DESCRIPTION
c. 72- or 24-Volt Operation. Dynamotor DM-
34-(*) for the receiver and Dynamotor DM-3 5-
(*) for the transmitter are designed for opera-
tion from a 12-volt vehicle battery supply. These
dynamotors are issued with Radio Sets SCR-608-
A and SCR-628-A which will normally be oper-
ated from a 12-volt battery. However, as men-
tioned in Paragraphs ib and Sb, the receiver and
transmitter can be operated in vehicles having a
24-volt battery supply. To do this, it is only
necessary to substitute Dynamotors DM-36-(*)
and DM-37-(*) for Dynamotors DM-34-(*)
and DM-35-(*) in the receiver and transmitter,
respectively. Dynamotors DM-36- ( * ) and DM-
37-(*) operate from a 24-volt battery supply.
11. Cabinet CH-74-A. Cabinet CH-74-A is a
protective housing for the radio equipment in
installations where the equipment would other-
wise be exposed to the elements (see Fig. 1).
Cabinet CH-74-A is supported within the vehicle
by Mounting FT-284-(*), Mounting FT-285-
(*), or Frame FM-43, depending upon which
vehicle is being used. Mounting FT-237-(*) is
bolted in place in the cabinet. The top of the
cabinet extends somewhat over the front of the
radio equipment. A canvas cover assembly is
provided for the front of the cabinet to com-
pletely enclose the radio equipment, if desired.
The canvas cover may be rolled back over the
top of the cabinet, or it may be supported by a
bracket which telescopes into the top of the cab-
inet. Except in an emergency, do not operate the
equipment during hot weather with the canvas
cover completely closed. Even in an emergency,
do not operate either the transmitter or the re-
ceiver long enough for the equipment to over-
heat before the cover is raised.
12. Mountings FT-284-() and FT-285-(*)
and Frame FM-43. Mountings FT-284-(*) and
FT-285-(*) and Frame FM-43 are used to sup-
port Cabinet CH-74-A in vehicles where the
cabinet is used. The choice among these mount-
ings depends upon the particular vehicle in which
the radio equipment is to be installed. (See Para-
graph U.) Figure 1 shows an installation using
Mounting FT-284- ( * ).
13. Mast Bases.
a. Mast Base MP-37. This mast base provides
an insulated and flexible mounting for the an-
tenna; it is rigidly mounted on the vehicle but
includes a large helical spring for flexibility.
Mast Section MS-53, the largest, screws into this
base.
b. Mast Base MP-48. Another way to have a
flexible antenna support is to use Mast Base MP-
48. Use this base with a coaxial transmission line
such as Cordage CO-282. Two binding posts
permit use of a single wire lead (Wire W-128).
14. Mast Base Bracket MP-52. Mast Base Brack-
et MP-52 serves to support an antenna and mast
base about two feet above Cabinet CH-74-A.
Clamp the mast base to the bracket cover plate
and bring the antenna lead down through insu-
lating guides into the cabinet for connection to
the radio equipment. The bracket is fastened to
the cabinet by 12 bolts. (See Fig. 1.)
15. Mast Sections. Mast Sections MS-51, MS-52,
and MS-53 are used with these radio sets, except
that only two mast sections (MS-52, MS-53) are
to be used with Mast Base Bracket MP-52. (Mast
Base Bracket MP-52 is used in half-track installa-
tions and is mounted on the top of Cabinet
CH-74-A at the left front corner.) The mast
sections are made of high-tensile-strength flex-
ible steel. Mast Section MS-51 is the top (and
smallest) section. The others follow in numer-
ical order. The lower end of each mast section
is fitted with a serrated (notched) shank and
screw for engaging the threaded upper end of
the next mast section. Ends which are joined in
assembling have enamel marks of the same color.
The body of each section is enameled black and
bears the type number at the lower end. The
lower end of each mast section has an entering
guide to aid assembly. Store the mast sections in
Roll BG-56-A when not in use.
16. Cords and Cordage.
a. Cord CO-278-A. Cord CO-278-A is used to
connect Mounting FT-237-(*) to the terminal
box (battery) of the vehicle. It consists of 8 feet
27
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PAR. 16
TM 11-620
of Cordage CO-212 to which connection ter-
minals have been soldered. The inner conductor
is connected to the positive side of the battery
and the outer conductor is grounded.
b. Cord CD-307-A. Cord CD-307-A in two
lengths, 48 inches and 65 inches, extends the
radius within which the crew of the vehicle may
receive signals in their headsets. Plug PL-55 at
one end of Cord CD-307-A plugs into the radio
receiver. The headset plug is connected into
Jack JK-26 at the other end of Cord CD-307-A.
c. Cord CD-318. Cord CD-318 is a 7-foot
cord assembly for connection between the short
cord supplied with Microphone T-30 and the
radio equipment or a remote control box. The
assembly includes Switch SW-141-E for control
of the microphone current, provided with a neck
strap for its support. The neck strap quickly
detaches from the switch.
d. Cord CD-786. The auxiliary Cord CD-786
provides for making thirteen connections to a
receiver or transmitter when not installed in the
mounting. One such use is testing a receiver on
a bench. The cord consists of
(1) A male plug for insertion in the socket
J401, J402, or J403 of Mounting FT-237-(*).
(2) A receptacle for connection to the plug
PGl of the receiver, or PGlOl of the transmitter.
(3) Six feet of cordage containing conduc-
tors to connect corresponding numbers in these
two plugs.
Terminals 1 and 2 of the plug are connected to
corresponding numbers in the receptacle by 10-
gauge stranded wires. This constitutes the power
connection and is suitable for carrying several
amperes. A 22-gauge twisted, shielded pair of
stranded wire is used for terminals 4 and 5. The
other terminals used are numbers^, 8, 9, 10, 19,
20, 21, 22, and 25.
e. Cordage CO-212. Cordage CO-212 is com-
posed of two concentric conductors and is used
in making Cord CO-278-A. Cordage CO-212 is
supplied in bulk lengths and is used to replace
damaged Cords CO-278-A or where a longer
cord is needed. The cordage is installed so that
the inner conductor is positive and the outer
conductor is at ground potential.
/. Cordage CO-282. Cordage CO-282 is a
flexible two-conductor coaxial cordage intended
for transmission of high-frequency currents. It
is used in all installations of Radio Sets SCR-
608-A and SCR-628-A where the distance be-
tween the binding post on Mounting FT-237-
(*) and the mast base is more than 40 inches.
The length of Cordage CO-282 must always be
7 feet (plus or minus 1 foot). If 7 feet is more
than is needed, tape up the excess in a coil. Be
sure to ground the sheath at both ends.
28
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TM 11-620
PARS. 17-18
II. INSTALLATION AND OPERATION
SECTION II. INSTALLATION AND OPERATION
17. Initial Procedure.
a. Unpacking. Check the containers before
opening them. Be careful when unpacking or
handling the equipment. Avoid damage. Care-
fully inspect each unit for damage incurred in
shipment and for loose parts. Remove all dust
covers and inspect the interiors. Very carefully
blow or brush out any dust or dirt. If an air gun
is used, be sure that the air is free from water,
oil, and grit. Avoid displacing or damaging any
apparatus or wiring. Manually check operation
of the push buttons and other controls on each
unit.
b. Preparation for Installation.
(1) Determine whether the vehicle battery
is 12 or 24 volts and set the reversible voltage
designation plate on the front of the mounting
so that it properly describes the battery in use.
(See Fig. 4.)
(2) Open the hinged door on the mounting
and check for the presence of a 75-ampere fuse in
the circuit and in the spare fuse clip on the door.
(See Fig. 5.)
(3) Remove the unnecessary dust covers
from the receptacles on the mounting and mount
them in the positions provided at the back of the
mounting.
(4) Using Table IV, select the proper dyna-
motor for installation in each of the units.
Table IV. Selection of Dynamotors
Dynamotor for Use With a
Unit in Which Vehicle Battery of
Dynamotor is Required 12 Volts 24 Vaits
Receiver . _ DM-34-(*) DM-36-(*)
Transmitter - DM-35-(*) DM-37-(*)
(5) Remove the dust cover from the re-
ceiver, insert the proper dynamotor in place, and
make certain that the dynamotor receptacles
properly engage the plugs on the receiver.
Tighten the four hold-down screws of the dyna-
motor and replace the receiver dust cover.
(6) Remove the top cover plate from the
transmitter. Take out the crystal storage drawer
by pulling the drawer all the way out and lifting
up the front end. Insert the proper dynamotor
and make certain that the dynamotor receptacles
properly engage the plugs on the transmitter.
Tighten the four hold-down screws, using a long,
thin screwdriver. Replace all parts that were
removed.
(7) Open the cover of the transmitter
crystal storage drawer and remove the crystal
compartment cover plate. Check the number of
crystal holders in both places. Do not remove
any crystals found in the crystal compartment,
since they will be used for subsequent installa-
tion tests.
18. Installation.
a. Preparation of Vehicle. Detailed informa-
tion on installation of the radio sets in various
types of vehicles are to be found in the installa-
tion instructions for the particular type of ve-
hicle concerned.
b. Installation of Equipment.
(1) Check the vehicle battery and the bat-
tery designation plate on the mounting. Shine up
the contact areas around the mounting bolt holes
on the mounting and the corresponding areas on
the vehicle or the adapter plate to insure a good
contact when the mounting bolts are tightened.
A good ground connection must be made at these
points or the radio set will not function properly.
Watch this. Place the mounting in its assigned
position with the bolt holes in the two bedplates
aligned with the holes in the vehicle or the
adapter plate. Select the required mounting bolts
from the bolts furnished with the mounting and
tighten them firmly in place.
(2) Install Cord CO-278-A, which connects
the mounting to the vehicle terminal box, in the
mounting in a manner to prevent its damage by
personnel (especially by their feet) and by
movement of the mounting on its shock ab-
sorbers. Three sets of holes in the mounting
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PARS. 18-19
TM 11-620
DON'T DESIGN YOUR OWN ANTENNA/
-STICK TO WHAT'S MCOMMEMDII
make possible the entrance of Cord CO-278-A
from any one of three directions, as shown in
Fig. 3. Use the holes which will result in the
cleanest and shortest installation. The center con-
ductor connects to the positive or ungrounded
side of the terminal box. The outer conductor
connects to the negative or grounded side of the
terminal box. One end of the cord has smaller
terminal lugs than the other end. Connect the
smaller lugs to the mounting with the lug on the
center conductor connecting to fuse F401 and
the lug on the outer conductor connecting to the
ground screw on the mounting (marked X in
Fig. 5). Do not connect the battery (terminal
box) end of Cord CO-278-A without checking
for accidental ground on the mounting. Check
the polarity.
(3) Antenna and ground connections differ
somewhat for each type of vehicle, but make the
installation in accordance with the general in-
formation contained in Paragraph 4a. The TR
binding post on Mounting FT-237-(*) is used
for the antenna connection when both trans-
mission and reception are desired. Use the REC
binding post for reception only.
(4) Check the dynamotor installed in the
transmitter to make sure it is of the proper type
for the vehicle battery voltage. If not, replace
the -dynamotor with one of the proper voltage
rating. Replace the cover plate. Place the trans-
mitter on the mounting base with the push but-
tons toward the front of the mounting. Slide the
transmitter to the left until the transmitter plug
firmly engages the receptacle on the end of the
mounting. The guides and tapered pins on the
mounting properly align the transmitter as it is
pushed into place. The two thumbscrews at the
right-hand end of the transmitter may then be
pressed down to engage the threaded holes in
the mounting and firmly turned to the right to
lock the transmitter in place.
(5) Make certain that the dynamotor in-
stalled in each receiver is correct for the vehicle
battery employed. If two receivers are to be used
(Radio Set SCR-608-A), they may be placed in
either of the two positions on the mounting (see
Fig. 1). When only one receiver is used (Radio
Set SCR-628-A), place it in the right-hand po-
sition to give yourself enough room to get at the
adjustments on the right end of the transmitter
(see Fig. 2). Slide the receiver toward the rear
of the mounting until its plug engages with the
receptacle. The tapered pins properly align the
receiver to engage the receptacle. Engage the
cupped edges of the thumbscrews on the mount-
ing with the hold-down brackets. Then tighten
the thumbscrews.
(6) To install Remote Control Unit RM-
29-D follow the instructions provided with this
unit.
19. Preparation for Use.
a. Receiver.
(1) Performance Check. Here's how to
check receiver performance:
(a) Turn the REC switch to ON and make
certain that the receiver dynamotor starts. After
about 15 seconds the vacuum tubes will be heated
sufficiently for operation of the receiver.
(b) Set the SPEAKER switch to ON, the
SQUELCH switch to OFF, and the OUTPUT TO
PHONES switch to ON. Plug a Headset HS-30-
30
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TM 11-620
PAR. 19
(*), HS-18, or HS-23 into one of the PHONE
jacks.
(c) Turn the VOLUME control all the way
to the right. If it's on the air, you should hear
noise, or a signal, from the loudspeaker and in
the headset. The volume of sound may be varied
by adjusting the VOLUME control. The CALL SIG-
NAL lamp should light.
(d) Turn the SQUELCH switch to ON and
observe the CALL SIGNAL lamp while turning the
SENSITIVITY control. It should be possible to ex-
tinguish the CALL SIGNAL lamp by turning the
SENSITIVITY control to the left; the CALL SIGNAL
lamp may not always light when no signal is be-
ing received. The noise, or signal, from the loud-
speaker should cease whenever the CALL SIGNAL
lamp goes out.
(e) Turn the SQUELCH switch to OFF
and listen to the noise while pressing the PUSH
TO TUNE push button and operating the TUNING
control. Noise or signals should be heard at any
dial setting. An unmodulated signal (a station
on the air but not talking) will sometimes cause
a reduction of noise at one dial setting. The
noise should increase as the dial is turned either
side of such a station.
(2) Receiver Antenna Tuning. In making
the following adjustments, place the receiver in
the vehicle and connect the antenna. Don't let
the antenna touch anything and locate your ve-
hicle in the open, but only to the extent permitted
by camouflage requirements.
(a) Install the receiver in the right-hand
position on the mounting and set the ON-OFF
switch to ON. The left-hand position must be
vacant.
(b) Set the SQUELCH switch to OFF and
the TUNE-OPERATE Switch tO OPERATE.
(c) Set the SPEAKER switch to ON. (If
you wish you may use a headset instead of the
loudspeaker, in which case set the SPEAKER
switch to OFF and the OUTPUT TO PHONES switch
to ON.)
(d) Release the push buttons (see Para-
graph 7).
(e) Manually tune the receiver to a fre-
quency near the high-frequency end where there
is noise (not a signal). To manually tune the re-
ceiver hold in the PUSH TO TUNE button and
rotate the TUNING control.
(f) Adjust the VOLUME control so that
noise is just audible.
(g) Adjust the antenna trimmer (acces-
sible through port hole on left side of receiver)
for maximum noise in your headset or loudspeak-
er. Use a small insulated screwdriver or an insu-
lated hexagonal socket wrench.
(h) Set the ON-OFF switch to OFF.
b. Transmitter. Here's how to check transmit-
ter performance:
(1) Remove the antenna lead from the
antenna post on the mounting and connect An-
tenna A-83 between the TR binding post and the
ground screw on the mounting.
(2) Connect either Microphone T-17 or
T-33 to the transmitter.
(3) Throw the RECEIVER TUNE-OPERATE
switch to OPERATE, and the TUNE-ANT CUR
switch to ANT CUR.
(4) Turn the TRANSMITTER switch to ON
and see that the pilot lamp lights.
(5) After about three seconds, depress a
channel selector push button, and press the
microphone switch. The transmitter dynamotor
should start and the panel meter should show a
deflection or movement. Release the microphone
Switch.
(6) Repeat step (5) on all remaining chan-
nels.
(7) Throw the TUNE-ANT CUR switch to
TUNE and note the meter reading for each posi-
tion of the METER SWITCH. The readings should
agree approximately with those given in Table
V. (See Paragraph $le(ll) for a detailed dis-
cussion.)
(8) Start an associated receiver, plug a
Headset HS-30-(*), HS-18, or HS-23 into the
receiver PHONES jack, and throw-the OUTPUT TO
PHONES switch to OFF. Operate the microphone
push button and speak into the microphone. The
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PARS. 19-20
TM 11-620
.RADIO SETS SCR-608-A AND SCR-628-A
Table V. Meter Switch Readings*
Switch position
Doubter
Circuit Grid
First R-f Rectifier
Grid Grid
Triplet
Grid
Power Amplifier Total Plate
Grid and Screen
Meter reading (27.0 me) 30
Meter reading (38.9 me) 20
30
23
20
20
25
15
15
65
65
Transmitter RECEIVER TUNE-OPERATE
switch at OPERATE.
25
speaker's voice should be heard in the headset.
The headset volume may be adjusted to the de-
sired level by turning the SIDETONE control on
the end of the transmitter.
(9) Press in a channel selector push button
on the transmitter, and throw the transmitter
RECEIVER TUNE-OPERATE Switch to RECEIVER
TUNE. The transmitter dynamotor should start
when this latter switch is operated.
Caution: Don't run the dynamotor for long
periods. It may overheat.
(10) Manually tune the associated receiver
to the transmitter channel frequency. Throw the
SPEAKER Switch tO ON.
(11) Operate the microphone switch and
speak into the microphone. The speaker's voice
should be heard in the receiver loudspeaker at a
receiver dial setting within about one half a
channel of the transmitter frequency. Restore the
transmitter RECEIVER TUNE-OPERATE switch to
OPERATE.
c. frequency Check on Receiver Dial.
(1) Throw the transmitter and the receiver
. ON-OFF switches to ON.
(2) Throw the receiver TUNE-OPERATE
switch to TUNE.
(3) Throw the SPEAKER switch to ON and
turn the VOLUME control to the right.
(4) Throw the SQUELCH switch to ON and
set the SENSITIVITY control to minimum.
(5) Latch (depress) corresponding trans-
mitter and receiver push buttons.
(6) Set the transmitter RECEIVER TUNE-
OPERATE switch to RECEIVER TUNE. A beat note
should be heard and the receiver dial setting
should correspond to the transmitter frequency
within one half a dial division.
(7) If a beat note is not obtained hold in
the PUSH TO TUNE button and rotate the dial
slightly to obtain a beat note.
(8) Repeat steps (5) through (7) for the
remaining push buttons, noting all channels
upon which note is not obtained.
(9) Reset all receiver and/or transmitter
push buttons for channels upon which a beat
note is not obtained (see Paragraph 21).
(10) If practical, check settings by estab-
lishing communication with another > chicle.
d. System Test. Whenever practicable, check
operation of the installation by establishing
communication with another radio set.
20. Operation. This paragraph describes pro-
cedures for placing the receiver and transmitter
in operation, assuming that the push button se-
lectors are adjusted to select the ten desired
channels. If it is necessary to change the chan-
nels selected by the push buttons of the receiver
or transmitter, follow the procedures in Para-
graph 21 before operating the equipment.
a. Operation of the Receiver. You may oper-
ate the receiver with the SQUELCH switch at either
ON or OFF. The squelch circuit controlled by the
SQUELCH switch functions to disable the receiver
output when no signal is being received; unde-
sirable background noise is thus eliminated dur-
ing "no-transmission" intervals.
(1) SQUELCH Switch at OFF. For loud-
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TM 11-620
PAR. 20
speaker reception, throw the SPEAKER switch to
ON, turn the VOLUME control to the extreme
right, and throw the TUNE-OPERATE switch to OP-
ERATE. For headset reception, plug the headset
into a PHONES jack, throw the SPEAKER switch
to OFF, turn the VOLUME control to the extreme
left, set the TUNE-OPERATE switch to OPERATE,
and the OUTPUT TO PHONES switch to ON.
To start the receiver, throw the REC switch to
ON. It takes about 15 seconds for the vacuum
tube cathodes to heat. If the receiver controls are
set for loudspeaker operation, noise (or possibly
a signal) will be heard when the tubes have
heated. Regulate the volume with the VOLUME
control. If the receiver controls are set for head-
set operation, and sufficient time has elapsed for
the tubes to heat, noise (or a signal) will be
heard upon advancing the VOLUME control.
Depress the push button corresponding to the
channel upon which reception is desired. The
TUNING adjustment is supplementary to the se-
lector push buttons, the selector having previous-
ly been set to the desired channels. However, the
receiver may be manually tuned to any desired
channel by releasing all push buttons (see Para-
graph 7) and adjusting the TUNING control
while pushing the PUSH TO TUNE button. Tuning
is facilitated in this case by throwing the TUNE-
OPERATE switch to TUNE and adjusting the TUN-
ING control for a beat note at the transmitter
frequency. When the tuning is correct, restore
the TUNE-OPERATE Switch to OPERATE.
(2) SQUELCH Switch at ON. When the
SQUELCH switch is at ON, the gain of the receiver
may be varied by adjusting the SENSITIVITY con-
trol. (With the SQUELCH switch at OFF, the re-
ceiver operates at full gain and the SENSITIVITY
control is inoperative.) When the squelch cir-
cuit is used (SQUELCH switch at ON), adjust the
SENSITIVITY control for the highest possible gain
without operation of the CALL SIGNAL lamp and
loudspeaker (or headset) by radio noise. Incor-
rect adjustment of the SENSITIVITY control re-
duces the operating range of the receiver. If there
is any doubt about the SENSITIVITY adjustment,
throw the SQUELCH switch to OFF. When re-
ceiving weak signals throw the SQUELCH switch
to OFF and leave it there. Don't take a chance. If
it isn't adjusted on the nose you may miss incom-
ing calls.
For proper adjustment with the SQUELCH
switch at ON, set the SENSITIVITY control as far
to the right as possible for satisfactory opera-
tion. When receiving a weak signal (as evi-
denced by static with the incoming signal) rotate
the SENSITIVITY control carefully to the left until
the CALL SIGNAL light just goes out as soon as the
incoming signal goes off the air. The SENSITIVITY
control setting is correct if the SQUELCH switch
may be thrown off and on again without inter-
rupting a weak signal.
b. Operation of the Transmitter. Here's how
to put the transmitter in operation:
(1) Set the TUNE-ANT CUR switch to ANT
CUR. (Large differences between the meter read-
ings as observed during operation of the trans-
mitter on various channels and the readings
noted when the transmitter was tuned up indi-
cate trouble.)
(2) Start the transmitter by throwing the
TRANSMITTER switch to ON. Allow about five
seconds for the tube filaments to heat.
(3) Plug Microphone T-17 or T-30 into the
CARB MIC jack, or Microphone T-33 into the
MAGNETIC MIC jack.
Caution: Always make sure a CHANNEL SE-
LECTOR push button is depressed before press-
ing the microphone switch. Remember this.
(4) Put the transmitter "on the air" by first
latching the CHANNEL SELECTOR push button
corresponding to the desired channel, and then
pressing the microphone switch.
(5) Turn the TRANSMITTER switch to OFF
when finished sending if the stand-by period is
likely to exceed three or four minutes. This will
prolong tube life.
c. Operation of the Remote Control Unit.
For information regarding operation of Remote
Control Unit RM-29-D, refer to Technical Man-
ual TM 11-308 furnished with this unit.
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THESE PLACES ARE BAD FOR RADIO!
VALLEY
HIGH TENSION LINES
STEEL BRIDGE
UNDERPASS
THESE PLACES ARE GOOD FOR RADIO!
LEVEL GROUND
SLIGHT RISE
HILL
IBC-56
34
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TM 11-620
PAR. 20
d. Operating Precautions.
(1) Transmission Conditions. The range at
which your radio set will work depends on ter-
rain, interference, and radio noise. Under most
conditions you should expect 5 to 7 miles except
in valleys, and under or close to underpasses,
overhead steel bridges, and other obstructions
which box-in your signals.
Dips, depressions, valleys, and low places are
poor for radio transmission and reception. The
surrounding higher terrain tends to absorb radio
energy.
Good places for sending and receiving are
hills, elevations, and slight rises in ground. Flat
terrain is also good. But avoid high-tension lines,
overhead wires, and locations near electrical
machinery which create interference and may
blot out even the best of reception. In general,
your radio works best in the clear.
You can conceal your vehicle under trees or
camouflage, however. Trees and shrubbery won't
cut your range. But don't let your aerial rest on
tOft LIT YOtm ABTHBA MST MAIMT
RANCHIS/ TMIrti CUT YOU* MM..
DONT EXPECT DISTANCE
FROM A VALLEY /
branches or shrubbery when sending or receiv-
ing. They will leak off your radio power.
Here's another good operating tip to remem-
ber: When you come to the fringe of your oper-
ating rangesay 10 miles outstatic and ignition
noise may begin to blot out your reception. If
you can do it, try shutting off your vehicle's
motor. You'll hear farther. But your battery must
be well-charged as your radio draws heavily on
it. Keep this in mind if you need a mile or two
more range.
(2) Overheating. If the entire equipment is
mounted in a tightly-enclosed space without
enough ventilation, there is danger of overheat-
ing after extended periods of operation. Try to
operate the equipment for as short intervals as
practicable under such conditions.
(3) Receiver. Take care when using the
squelch circuit and adjusting the SENSITIVITY
control. Improper use of these features will result
in seriously reducing the range of the set. If there
is any doubt whatever about use of the SQUELCH,
turn it to OFF and reduce the receiver output
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PARS. 20-21
TM 11-620
volume sufficiently to prevent fatigue on long
stand-by periods but not enough to prevent hear-
ing a signal. Watch this. For weak signals and
important incoming calls turn the SQUELCH to
OFF and leave it at OFF. Don't take a chance.
(4) Transmitter. Always press a CHANNEL
SELECTOR push button before starting the dyna-
motor by operating the microphone control
switch or by throwing the RECEIVER TUNE-
OPERATE switch to RECEIVER TUNE.
Operation of the transmitter filaments for
long periods without application of plate voltage
tends to evaporate the active material from their
surface and reduce their useful life. Therefore,
the TRANSMITTER switch should be at OFF if the
transmitter is not to be used for an extended
period.
(5) How to Use Your Microphone. These
radio sets have been designed to work under
noisy conditions such as in a tank or other noisy
vehicle. To get best results, hold the microphone
in a nearly vertical position with your lips just
touching the surface. You don't have to shout;
but it is necessary to make your voice go into the
microphone at a higher level than the surround-
ing noise. Complete each word before starting
the next and put a slight emphasis on all sibilants,
such as c, s, and z, and terminal letters, such as
t and g. Speak slowly. Although the equipment
has been designed to reduce as much as possible
the effects of the mechanical noise, these instruc-
tions will help you obtain satisfactory communi-
cation with a remote station, especially under
poor receiving conditions. Remember, don't
mumble away from your mike. Sound off, direct-
ly into it.
2l. Presetting Push Buttons. Presetting the
push buttons simply means tuning the channels
ahead of time to the required frequencies and
locking the settings, so from there on tuning
may be accomplished by merely depressing the
necessary push buttons. This process is exactly
that used in a home "push button" radio. It's fast
and simple to operate.
a. Presetting the Transmitter. The presetting
procedure is divided into two parts: Firstset-
ting the push buttons. Secondtuning the an-
tenna circuit.
(1) Setting the Push Buttons. The push but-
tons may be set with the transmitter in the vehicle
or removed. However, if the transmitter is re-
moved a suitable source of d-c power and a
Mounting FT-237-(*) or other means of con-
necting the source of power to the transmitter
are required.
(a) Set the ON-OFF switch to ON. Note:
Allow the transmitter to warm for five minutes
before setting the push buttons. Perform steps
(b) through (k) while waiting.
(b) Remove receivers. (If the receivers
are to be preset also you can save time by leaving
the right-hand receiver in position and setting its
ON-OFF Switch tO ON.)
(c) Remove the crystal holders from the
crystal compartment and put them in the crystal
storage drawer.
(d) Select the required crystal holders
for the new frequencies and insert them in the
jacks of the crystal holder compartment in the
prescribed order. (If no order is prescribed, in-
sert them by numerical order of channel number
from top to bottom of the compartment). If
desired, write the corresponding channel num-
bers on the white spaces provided opposite the
push buttons.
(e) Replace the crystal holder compart-
ment cover.
(f) Release the push buttons by partially
depressing one of them.
(g) Turn the tuning capacitor control
(located below the handle on the right end of
the transmitter; see Fig. 52), as far as it will go
toward the front of the transmitter.
(h) Turn the locking screw (you can
reach this with a screwdriver through a small
hole located above and to the left of the handle;
see Fig. 52), to the left until it binds slightly;
then turn it to the right one-half turn.
(i) Turn the tuning capacitor control all
the way to the rear (minimum capacity).
(j) Set the TUNE-ANT CUR switch to
TUNE.
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TM 11-620
PAR. 21
(k) "Set the METER SWITCH to position 3.
(I) Latch the push button for the fre-
quency to be set. You will find it easier to set
the highest frequency (highest channel number)
first.
(m) Then, if five minutes have elapsed
since the ON-OFF switch was set to ON, start the
dynamotor by setting the RECEIVER TUNE-OPER-
ATE Switch tO RECEIVER TUNE.
Caution: Do not operate the dynamotor any
longer than necessary. Always stop the dyna-
motor when any pause is made in the pro-
cedure. Don't let it overheat.
(n) Slowly turn the tuning capacitor con-
trol to the right until the panel meter indicates a
peak value. Then continue to rotate the control
for about one-eighth turn. If two or more peaks
are obtained set the control for the highest one.
(o) Set the METER SWITCH to position 1
and carefully readjust the tuning capacitor con-
trol for the peak.
Caution: When the METER SWITCH is in po-
sition 1, the tuning capacitor adjustment is
very critical and the control requires little or
no change from the setting that was obtained
for the highest peak in step (n).
(p) Stop the transmitter by setting the
RECEIVER TUNE-OPERATE Switch to OPERATE.
(q) Release the latched push button by
slightly depressing an adjacent push button.
While doing this step keep your finger on the
button being released to prevent it from snap-
ping out with such force as to disturb the setting.
(r) Repeat steps (k) through (q) for
the remaining push buttons, preferably going
each time from a higher to the next lower fre-
quency channel.
(s) After the last push button is set, Care-
fully release it. (Use two fingers.)
(t) Turn the tuning capacitor control to
the maximum front position and tighten the
locking screw.
(u) Check each push button setting by
turning the METER SWITCH to position 1, depress-
ing the push button, setting the RECEIVER TUNE-
OPERATE switch to RECEIVER TUNE, and moving
the tuning capacitor control slightly. If the set-
ting is correct the meter reading should decrease
when the tuning capacitor control is moved
slightly to each side of that position to which it
has been set by the push button. Repeat steps (f )
through (t) for all settings that are not correct.
(2) Tuning the Antenna Circuit. When tun-
ing the antenna circuit use Antenna A-83 to pre-
vent radiation. If Antenna A-83 is not available
the transmitter must be in place in the vehicle,
the mast antenna must not touch anything, and
the vehicle should preferably be located well
away from trees, trucks, and other large objects,
but only to the extent permitted by camouflage
requirements.
Caution: Never tune or operate the transmit-
ter without the regular or a suitable artificial
antenna (such as Antenna A-83) connected to
the antenna post. Large currents developed in
the antenna meter circuit with the antenna dis-
connected would burn out the thermocouple.
(a) Set the TUNE-ANT CUR switch to ANT
CUR.
(b) Set the METLR SWITCH to position 6.
If the meter switch is not set to position 6 suffici-
ent coupling may exist at some frequencies to
cause the meter indicator to go off scale.
(c) Latch the push button for the fre-
quency nearest 27 megacycles. (Tliis is the best
frequency upon which to tune the antenna for
maximum output on the greatest number of fre-
quencies. However, if it is definitely known that
maximum output is desired on some particular
frequency the coupling can be adjusted on that
frequency, but the coupling should be adjusted
for one frequency only.)
(d) Start the dynamotor with the push-
to-talk switch on the microphone (RECEIVER
TUNE-OPERATE Switch at OPERATE).
(e) Adjust the antenna trimmer capacitor
(see Fig. 14) that corresponds to the latched
push button for maximum indication on the
panel meter.
(f) Adjust the antenna coupling control
(see Fig. 14) for maximum indication on the
panel meter.
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PAR. 21
TM 11-620
(g) Readjust the antenna trimmer ca-
pacitor that corresponds to the latched push but-
ton for maximum on the panel meter.
(h) Latch remaining push buttons one at
a time and adjust the1 corresponding antenna
trimmer capacitor for maximum on the panel
meter. (Do not readjust the coupling control.)
Caution: Do not run the dynamotor any more
than necessary.
(i) Make the frequency check outlined
in Paragraph 19f.
(j) Remove Antenna A-83 (if used) and
connect the mast antenna.
(k) If practical, check settings by estab-
lishing communication with another vehicle. (If
desired, this check need not be made until after
the receiver push buttons have been preset.)
b. Presetting the Receiver. The presetting
procedure may be divided into two parts: First-
setting the push buttons. Secondtuning the an-
tenna circuit.
(1) Setting the Push Buttons. The push but-
tons may be set with the receiver in the vehicle
or removed. However, if the receiver is removed
a suitable source of d-c power and a Mounting
FT-237-(*) or other means of connecting the
source of power is required. An unmodulated
signal at the frequency or frequencies to which
the receiver is to be tuned must be available. The
signal may be from either a remote transmitter
or an associated transmitter. The changes neces-
sary to adapt the procedure for use with a remote
transmitter are obvious.
(a) Set the transmitter and receiver ON-
OFF switches to ON. Note: Before setting the re-
ceiver push buttons the transmitter should warm
up for at least 5 minutes and the receiver at
least 15 minutes. If you had left the right-hand
receiver in place, and it was warming while the
transmitter was being preset, it would not be
necessary to wait long. However, you may per-
form steps (b) to (h) while waiting.
(b) Release the receiver push buttons by
partially pressing any one of them.
(c) Press the PUSH-TO-TUNE button and
while holding it in, turn the TUNING control
toward the high frequency end of the tuning dial
until the word LOCK appears under the hairline.
(d) Insert a screwdriver in the hole
above the push buttons and turn the locking
screw to the left until it binds slightly; then turn
it right one-half turn.
(e) Set the receiver controls as follows:
(1) SPEAKER switch to ON. (You may
use a headset instead of the loudspeaker if you
wish.)
(2) VOLUME control about two thirds
to the right.
(3) SENSITIVITY control to minimum
(to the left position).
(4) SQUELCH Switch tO ON.
(5) TUNE-OPERATE Switch tO TUNE.
(f) If a second receiver is to be preset,
place it in position and make the following set-
tings. (These settings are necessary to eliminate
all probability of interference by this receiver.)
(1) ON-OFF switch to ON. (Allow the
receiver to warm up.)
(2) SPEAKER switch to OFF.
(3) SENSITIVITY control to minimum.
(4) TUNE-OPERATE Switch to OPER-
ATE.
(5) Rotate the dial to its LOCK po-
sition.
(6) SQUELCH switch to ON.
(7) OUTPUT TO PHONES Switch to OFF.
(g) Latch the transmitter push button
for the frequency to be set. (The procedure is
made easier if the lowest frequency is set first.)
(h) Then if 15 minutes have elapsed
since the ON-OFF switch on the receiver to be
preset first was set to ON, turn the transmitter
RECEIVER TUNE-OPERATE Switch tO RECEIVER
TUNE.
(i) Hold in the PUSH-TO-TUNE button
on the receiver to be preset first and turn the
TUNING control until the receiver is tuned to the
transmitter frequency as determined by a beat
note and the setting of the dial which should
correspond to the transmitter frequency. If the
setting of the dial does not correspond to the
transmitter frequency it is probable that the re-
ceiver is tuned to a harmonic or that the trans-
mitter is incorrectly preset.
38
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TM 11-620
PAR. 21
(j) Hold in the PUSH-TO-TUNE button
and latch the receiver push button correspond-
ing to the transmitter frequency.
(k) Slowly release the PUSH-TO-TUNE
button while rotating the TUNING control just
enough in either direction to maintain approxi-
mately zero beat (very low pitched note).
(1) Press the latched push button against
its stop two or three times. If the beat note is
still very low-pitched depress an adjacent push
button slightly and carefully ease the latched
push button out. (Use two fingers.)
(m) If the setting is still correct turathe
transmitter RECEIVER TUNE-OPERATE switch to
OPERATE.
(n) Repeat steps (g) through (m) for
the remaining push buttons, preferably each time
going from a lower to a higher frequency.
Caution: Always stop the transmitter dyna-
motor during any pause in the procedure.
(o) After the last push button is set,
carefully release it (using two fingers) and ro-
tate the dial to the LOCK position.
(p) Lock the setting by tightening the
locking screw. The screw should be firmly tight-
ened but not enough to damage the push-button
mechanism.
(q) Make the frequency check outlined
in Paragraph I9c.
(r) Set the controls for operation as fol-
lows:
(1) TUNE-OPERATE Switch to OPER-
ATE.
(2) Adjust the SENSITIVITY control so
the CALL SIGNAL lamp just goes out when no
signal is being received. (See Paragraph 20a.)
(s) If practical, check settings by estab-
lishing communication with another vehicle.
(2) Tuning the Antenna Circuit. You must
tune the receiver antenna circuit when the set is
first installed in the vehicle. Ordinarily it will
not require tuning again unless you make some
change in the antenna. You can tune it before
setting the push buttons if you wish. See Para-
graph I9a(2) for the prescribed method of tun-
ing the antenna circuit.
39
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REMEMBER THESE NINE POINTS-
7. Keep your antenna vertical. It sends and receives better that
way. Be sure you use the right number of sections.
2. Don't talk away from your mike. Speak directly into it. Sound
off!
3. If you want distance, head for the high spots. Watch out for
steel bridges, valleys, dips, and low places. Your radio will
work, but not so far.
4. Conceal your vehicle but don't let your antenna rest against
tree branches when sending or receiving. They will leak off
your radio power.
5. Watch out for the SQUELCH switch. For weak signals or im-
portant calls, turn it off and leave it off. Play it close to the vest.
6. Don't let your radio sit out in the rain. Try to cover it. Rain may
ruin radio equipment in a hurry.
7. Don't install your radio in a tightly inclosed space. Give it air.
8. Don't run your dynamotors unnecessarily long. They get hot
and, abused, may burn out.
9. The operation of your set is basically simple. Practice it a few
times and it will become second nature.
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TM 11-620
PAR. 22
22. System Operation.
a. Radio Set SCR-608-A. Each radio set may
transmit on any one of 10 preset channels and
receive on any one of 20 preset channels. Two-
way communication between two radio sets may
be established by use of a single channel or by
use of two channels.
The radio set may be used in either of two
communications systems: (1) radio communica-
tion only, or (2) radio-plus-wire telephone com-
munication. In the first instance the radio equip-
ment needs no auxiliary apparatus other than
Microphone T-17, T-30, .or T-33 and Headset
HS-30-(*), HS-18, or HS-23. In the second in-
stance Remote Control Unit RM-29-D is used
to connect a remotely located field Telephone
EE-8-(*) to the radio equipment. Figure 23
shows a system block diagram.
(1) Radio Communication Only. When the
two ends of the radio system (5 to 15 miles
apart) have been placed in operating condition,
it is necessary only to choose the channel fre-
quency by pressing the proper channel selector
button on the respective radio transmitter and
radio receiver and press the microphone control
switch when transmission is desired.
(2) Radio-Plus-Wire Telephone Communi-
cation. In this case the twisted pair from the
remotely located field Telephone EE-8-(*) is
connected to the LI and L2 binding posts of Re-
mote Control Unit RM-29-D, and Plugs PL-55
and PL-68 of the RECEIVER and MICROPHONE
cords, respectively, are inserted into the receiver
PHONES and the transmitter CARB MIC jacks.
The radio operator's Headset HS-30-(*),
HS-18, or HS-23 and Microphone T-17 or T-30
HEADSET
HANDSET TS-9
EAST STATION
Fig. 23. Radio Set SCR-oOS-A: System Block Diagram
EAST TO WEST
OUTPUT TO PHONES
SWITCHES
WEST STATION
fUIM 0-46-4
41
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PAR. 22
TM 11-620
are plugged into the HEADSET and MICROPHONE
jacks on Remote Control Unit RM-29-D. The
radio operator may communicate with the field
telephone operator by throwing the three-posi-
tion key to TELEPHONE. The ringing generator
and ringer are connected at all times and are
operative regardless of the position of the three-
position key. When the key is at TELEPHONE, the
radio equipment is disconnected from the tele-
phone line and from the radio operator's headset
and microphone. When the local operator
wishes to communicate with the distant field
operator, he may do so by throwing the three-
position key to RADIO and pressing the micro-
phone push button while speaking. Operation of
the key to the RADIO position disconnects. the
wire line from the radio equipment and from
the local operator's headset and microphone.
When the three-position key is at THROUGH,
the fielcl telephone is connected to the radio
transmitter and the radio receiver, and the
local operator's microphone is rendered inopera-
tive except for the push button switch mounted
thereon. The field telephone operator cannot
start the radio transmitter when he desires to
talk and it is necessary, therefore, for the local
operator to monitor all conversations and press
and release his microphone push button as re-
quired by the two speakers.
b. Radio Set SCR-628-A. This radio set oper-
ates exactly like Radio Set SCR-608-A except
that it is only possible to receive on 10 channels
instead of 20, since there is only one receiver.
42
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TM 11-620
PAR. 23
III. FUNCTIONING OF PARTS
SECTION HI. FUNCTIONING OF PARTS
TUMW CONTROL
Fig. 24. Radio Receiver BC-683-A: Block Diagram
23. Functioning of Radio Receiver BC-683-A.
a. General Circuits Used. A block diagram
of Radio Receiver BC-683-A is shown in Fig. 24.
The receiver employs the superheterodyne
principle of operation. The high-frequency cir-
cuits include one stage of tuned radio-frequency
amplification (Vl), a modulator (V2), and a
radio-frequency oscillator (V3). The intermedi-
ate-frequency amplifier comprises two stages
(V4 and V5), the second of which (V5) pro-
vides some limiting action on strong signals. The
limiter stage ( V6) not only functions as a limiter
on moderate signals, but it also reduces ampli-
tude modulation. The detector or discriminator
(V7) is followed by two stages of audio-fre-
quency amplification (VlO' and V8). An inter-
mediate-frequency oscillator (VlO") permits
checking the receiver tuning. A single dual-pur-
pose vacuum tube (VlO) functions as the first
audio stage (VlO') and the intermediate-fre-
quency oscillator (VlO"). A second dual-pur-
pose tube (V9) provides delayed automatic
volume control (V9') and "squelch" (V9")
which suppresses noise by disabling the receiver
output when no signal is being received.
b. Schematic, Wiring, and Apparatus Loca-
tion Diagrams. Complete schematic, wiring, and
apparatus location diagrams are shown in Figs.
43, 44,45, 46, 71, and 72. The system schematic,
Fig. 69, shows (with some of the minor details
omitted) the general arrangement of the control
circuits; this drawing will be useful in studying
the basic operation of these circuits.
c. R-f Amplifier, Modulator, and R-f Os-
cillator. Figure 25 is a functional diagram of the
radio-frequency amplifier (Vl), modulator
(V2), and radio-frequency oscillator (V3) cir-
cuits.
The antenna is coupled to the input of the
radio-frequency amplifier stage by the antenna
tuning unit, LCUlA. Current flowing through
the primary winding LCUlA induces a voltage
across the tuned secondary winding. The voltage
thus developed is impressed between the grid and
cathode of Vl through by-pass capacitor C35.
Decoupling resistor R37, along with this capaci-
tor, prevents interstage coupling through the
automatic-volume-control wiring. These by-pass
capacitors are needed because the d-c grid return
is made to the automatic-volume-control lead in-
stead of to ground. The amplified radio-fre-
quency voltage from Vl is impressed across the
tuned primary winding of the interstage tuning
unit, LCU2A, through by-pass capacitor C39.
Trimmer capacitor C1.l is used to compensate
for variations in the antenna systems of various
installations.
Current flowing through the tuned primary
winding, L33, induces a voltage across the tuned
secondary winding, L34, that is impressed be-
tween the grid and the cathode of the modulator
tube V2, through by-pass capacitor C3. Capaci-
tors C36 and C38 provide temperature compen-
sation. The bias potential for V2 is determined
by the cathode resistor, R3.
The signal frequency, 27.0 to 38.9 mega-
cycles, is converted to the intermediate fre-
43
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PAR. 23
TM 11-620
TO V4
| l-.
Fig. 25. Radio Receiver BC-683-A: Functional Diagram of R-f Amplifier, Modulator, and R-f Oscillator
quency, 2.65 megacycles, by heterodyning be-
tween the signal-frequency voltage and a fre-
quency (2.65 megacycles higher) derived from
the radio-frequency oscillator, V3, in the modu-
lator (or mixer) tube, V2. The radio-frequency
oscillator voltage is supplied to the suppressor
grid of V2. Several modulation frequencies are
available in the output of V2; but the first inter-
mediate-frequency filter, FL1A, selects the lower
sideband and rejects the undesired frequencies.
The radio-frequency oscillator employs a
shunt-fed Hartley circuit. The oscillator em-
bodies three negative coefficient capacitors C42,
C44, and C46 in order to compensate for tem-
perature changes and to enable the oscillator to
maintain a high degree of frequency stability.
Capacitors C4l and C42 are padding capacitors
and capacitor C44 is a blocking capacitor. En-
ergy fed back to the grid circuit through coupling
capacitor C43 causes the tube to oscillate. Recti-
fied grid current passing through grid leak re-
sistor R4 provides grid bias for V3.
Radio-frequency voltage for the suppressor
grid of V2 is derived from the plate circuit of
V3 through a coupling capacitor, C45. Resistor
R5 and capacitor C5 prevent radio frequency be-
ing fed from the plate of V3 to the plus B lead.
L42 is the oscillator plate choke inductor.
Capacitors C1.2, C1.4, C1.6, and C1.8 are
ganged to permit simultaneous adjustment of all
four tuned circuits. Alignment of the circuits is
assured by trimmer capacitors C1.1, C1.3, C1.5,
and C1.7 and adjustable iron dust slugs in in-
ductors L32, L33, L34, and L4l.
d. I-f Amplifier and Limiter. The essential
circuits of the intermediate-frequency amplifier
and limiter stages are shown in Fig. 26. Band-
pass filters FL1A, FL2A, and FL3A suppress un-
desired frequencies outside an 80-kilocycle trans-
mission band which is centered at 2.65 mega-
cycles, the intermediate frequency. Each filter is
aligned by the adjustment of a magnetic core
within each coil. Resistors R52, R62, and R72
in the three filters aid in securing the desired
band-pass frequency characteristic.
Intermediate-frequency filter units FL1A,
FL2A, FL3A, and FL4 are all provided with
temperature compensation in the form of ceramic
capacitors with negative temperature coefficients.
See Paragraph 43b(lO).
The arrangement used in later production is
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TM 11-620
PAR. 23
shown in Fig. 26. Capacitors C53, C56, C63,
C66, C73, C76, and C87 are all negative coeffici-
ent ceramic capacitors with a nominal capacitance
of 60 micromicrofarads. In each case, the capaci-
tor compensates for the positive temperature co-
efficient of the coil across which it is connected.
The details of the filters used in earlier pro-
duction are shown in Fig. 70. In this case, the
resonating capacitance for the coils was secured
by the use of two parallel capacitors: a 50-micro-
microfarad molded mica unit and a 10-micro-
microfarad ceramic unit. This latter unit was so
constructed that its negative coefficient compen-
sated for the positive coefficients of both its as-
sociated coil and the mica capacitor.
The first intermediate-frequency amplifier
(V4) is subject to delayed-automatic-volume-
control action, its grid bias being supplied
through decoupling resistors R51 and R53. The
remaining potentials applied to the vacuum tube
are such as to allow the tube to operate as a con-
ventional amplifier.
The second intermediate-frequency amplifier
(V5) differs from the first in the method of grid
bias supply and in the relationships between the
screen and plate operating potentials. The signal
voltage developed across the secondary (L6l)
in FL2A is applied to the control grid of V5
through coupling capacitor C61. Grid bias is
supplied through the decoupling resistor, R63,
and the grid leak resistor, R61, from the nega-
tive high-voltage lead. The plate decoupling
resistor, R74, is returned to the voltage divider
at the common function of R21, R28, and R29;
the plate voltage, under no-signal conditions, is
approximately 60 volts. As a result of this low
plate-supply voltage, the output of this stage is
limited to a relatively low amplitude, even with
a large input from the first intermediate-fre-
quency stage. (Positive peaks are limited by
plate saturation conditions; negative peaks are
limited, or "clipped," by plate cutoff.)
The screen of V5 is connected to the plate
return of the first intermediate-frequency stage
(V4) through dropping resistor R8. Under the
no-signal condition, the screen potential is ap-
proximately 90 volts. This results in a fairly high-
voltage gain on weak signals in spite of the low
plate voltage. On strong signals, however, the in-
creased screen current causes a relatively large
voltage drop in resistor R8 (70,000 ohms) ; this
reduces the screen potential, thereby reducing
the gain. Consequently, the screen circuit serves
as a form of automatic gain control.
On strong signals, rectified grid current flow-
ing through R6l and R63 holds a negative
charge on capacitor C6l. The values of R61,
R63, C61, and C63 are such that their time con-
stant is high with respect to the intermediate
frequency. As the input signal swings positive in
each half cycle, grid current flowing through
R6l charges C6l. The charge is retained during
the negative half cycle because of the high time
constant. The negative bias from the rectified
grid current flowing through R61 and R63 limits
the positive swing on the grid of V5, thus limit-
ing the peak excitation. The negative half-cycle
swings are limited by the cutoff of the tube, which
has been fixed by the plate voltage selected. The
receiver is frequently required to operate with
an extremely wide range of signal strengths im-
pressed on the antenna. A peak limiter which is
effective on moderate signal strengths tends to
overload and fall off in output for very strong
signals. To avoid this possibility the peak limit-
ing action mentioned above is provided in the
second intermediate-frequency stage to reduce
the range over which the limiter stage (V6) is
required to function.
The limiter stage (V6) uses two separate
types of limiting action: (1) overload (peak)
limiting, as just described, and (2) feedback
limiting. The fixed grid bias obtained from the
voltage drop across R24 is sufficiently large to
give a degree of plate detection prior to over-
load, which is important in feedback limiting.
The overload method establishes a ceiling
which the output cannot exceed. On received
voltages big enough to reach this ceiling this
method keeps the output uniform and thus cuts
off disturbances which would tend to increase the
output irregularly. It does not, however, have
any limiting effect on signals which do not reach
this ceiling.
45
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Fig. 26. Radio Receiver BC-683-A: Functional Diagram of l-f Amplifier and Limiter
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TM 11-620 III. FUNCTIONING OF PARTS PAR. 23
The feedback method is based on the idea of amplitudes. As long as the disturbing frequencies
balancing out a disturbance in the audio-fre- interact with the carrier to produce frequencies
quency range by means of an equal and opposite which are in the audio range (and the amplitude
impulse. This is very effective on disturbances of is not large enough to reach the ceiling of the
an audio-frequency nature which are not large peak limiting action), feedback caused by the
enough to be taken care of by the overload lim- coil will occur and smoothing of the ripple will
iter. It is less effective but still helpful in the be produced,
range between signals strong enough to start
partial peak limiting and those of sufficient am- e. Discriminator. The purpose of the dis-
plitude to cause complete peak limiting. The neg- criminator is to transform the received interme-
ative feedback method operates by means of the diate-frequency currents (which are frequency-
coil L1 and the small parallel capacitor C8, pre- modulated) into amplitude variations at audio
senting a low radio-frequency impedance and a frequencies. A functional diagram is shown in
high audio-frequency impedance. Coil L1 is con- Fig- 27a.
nected in series with the cathode of V6 and low- The discriminator uses the phase shift be-
frequency amplitude variations in the plate cir- tween the primary and secondary windings of
cuit flow through this coil. The effect of tHis the intermediate-frequency transformer at the
current flow is to develop a voltage across the input of V7. Look at the diagram, Fig. 27a; the
coil between ground and the cathode. This volt- signal voltage across the primary L82 is shown
age is therefore effectively applied across the as Ep. The tapped secondary winding L81 is
grid-cathode circuit of the tube. The voltage de- shown as two windings in series. The induced
veloped across the coil and applied to the cathode voltage across these two windings is shown as
opposes the effect of the audio-frequency varia- Eg. Voltage Es is developed across the capacitors
tions in the grid circuit. When the grid voltage C85 and C86 in series. Since C85 and C86 are
increases at an audio-frequency rate due to an very closely matched, their junction is at the
increase in the undesired "ripple," the cathode same voltage as the midpoint of the secondary
bias will oppose the increase. When it decreases tuned circuit of FL4. The voltage across C85 is
due to a decrease in the ripple, the bias will op- impressed on one diode (terminals 5 and 8 of
pose the decrease. This action tends to smooth V7). The return path is through capacitors
out the ripple. Amplitude variations at the car- C20.3 (which is paralleled by C82), ground,
rier frequency will be by-passed by the capacitor C83, C87 (which is paralleled by C88), and
C8 and will produce negligible feedback. At back to the junction of C85 and C86. The other
frequencies below the audible range the cathode half of the secondary voltage (developed across
choke Ll represents negligible impedance and C86) is impressed on the other diode (terminals
does not affect the bias of the tube. For these 3 and 4 of V7). The return is through C81,
slower changes the delayed automatic volume C20.3, ground, C83, C87, and back to the junc-
control is effective provided the signal is suffici- tion of C85 and C86.
ently large to overcome the delay bias. On the In addition to these secondary voltages, the
other hand, delayed automatic volume control primary voltage is also impressed on these two
does not respond to audio-frequency changes in diodes. The junction of C85 and C86 also con-
amplitude, due to automatic-volume-control fil- nects directly to the plate of V6 (the limiter).
ter circuits. The primary voltage is developed from this point
In this discussion the noise producing disturb- to ground. Thus, Ep is impressed across a circuit
ance has been considered as a single frequency consisting of C85, then the diode (terminals 5
having a more or less steady value. In practice, and 8 of V7), then C20.3, to ground. The path
however, the disturbance will probably consist through the other side of V7 is through C86,
of a number of varying frequencies of varying through terminals 3 and 4 of V7, through C81
47
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PAR. 23
TM 11-620
TO VOLTAGE
DIVIDER
R8I
RIO CM
vvv1|
DISCRIMINATOR
V7
1ST A-F AMP
VIO
LIMITER
V&
W
TO R28 ANOR29
OF VOLTAGE DIVIDER
Fig. 27a. Radio Receiver BC-683-A: Functional Diagram of Discriminator
and C20.3, to ground. These are all a-c paths.
Since a diode is a tube that is unidirectional, that
is, current flows in only one direction, these im-
pressed alternating currents are rectified and
this direct current flows through resistors R81
and R83 to the tap at the middle point of L81.
This is merely a d-c return.
From this description, it is seen that each
diode has impressed on it the primary voltage
developed across C87 in series with one half the
secondary voltage developed across C85 andC86.
The action of the discriminator depends upon
the phase relations between these voltages. At
resonant frequency (see Fig. 27b), EA and En
are each almost exactly 90 degrees out of phase
with the primary voltage Er. Consequently, Wn,
the total voltage across R83, and Yn, the total
voltage across R81, are equal in magnitude;
since the rectified voltages appearing across the
two resistors are opposite in sign, the resultant
d-c voltage is zero. When the impressed signal
is either above or below the resonant frequency,
however (see Figs. 27c and 27d), the 90-degree
phase relationship no longer holds, and the d-c
voltages across R83 and R81 no longer balance
out. The net result is that the discriminator out-
put voltage follows the variations in frequency
of the incoming signal; the original frequency
modulation is translated into amplitude modu-
lation of the discriminator output voltage. This
voltage is then impressed upon the grid of the
first audio-frequency amplifier tube.
A somewhat more detailed explanation of the
discriminator phase relations follows: Consider
first the conditions when the output of the inter-
mediate-frequency amplifier and limiter is at the
resonant frequency to which both the primary
and secondary circuits of FL4 are tuned. This is
the case when the signal from the distant trans-
mitter is at the mean or resting carrier frequency
(i.e., no modulation is taking place). Voltage Er
(see Fig. 27b) exists across primary winding
L82; the primary current, I1M lags E,, by very
nearly 90 degrees; the resulting flux, <, which
links the secondary winding is exactly in phase
with the current, so it also lags 90 degrees be-
hind the voltage, E,.. Now this flux induces, in
secondary winding L81, an electromotive force
which drives a current, Is, through the secondary
circuit. (Note that this electromotive force or
inducing voltage is not Es, the secondary voltage
which would be measured by a voltmeter con-
nected across the secondary winding.) The in-
duced electromotive force lags the inducing flux
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PAR. 23
TM 11-620
by 90 degrees; it therefore lags the primary volt-
age, Ep, by 180 degrees, as shown in Fig. 27b.
As mentioned before, the secondary circuit is
resonated exactly to the frequency of the signal;
consequently, the impedance which is presented
to the induced electromotive force is a pure re-
sistance and the resulting current, Ig, is in phase
with the electromotive force, as indicated in Fig.
26b. Now consider voltages E8, EA, and EB. Since
secondary winding L81 is a nearly pure induc-
tance, the voltage, Es, appearing across its ter-
minals will be almost in quadrature (90-degree
phase relation) with the current through it. But
the two components of E8, namely, EA and EB,
higher than resonance; the essential phase rela-
tions within the discriminator circuit are shown
in Fig. 27c. The relations of EP, IP, <, and the
induced electromotive force in the secondary
are as they were in the case of resonance. Now,
however, the impedance presented to the induced
electromotive force is no longer purely resistive;
it has an inductive component and consequently
the secondary current lags the electromotive
force. Consequently, EA and EB are related to Ep
as indicated in the figure and the voltages across
R83 and R81 (Wc and Yc, respectively) are no
longer equal in magnitude; they do not cancel
out.
27b. AT RESONANCE
27C. ABOVE RESONANCE
27d. BELOW RESONANCE
Figs. 27b, 27c, 27d. Radio Receiver BC-683-A: Vector Diagrams Showing Phase Relations in
the Discriminator for Variations in Received Frequency
are 180 degrees out of phase with each other
(remember that each is measured with respect to
the mid-point of the two capacitors, or, what is
the equivalent, the center tap of the secondary
coil). It follows, then, that one of the two volt-
ages must lead Is by 90 degrees and the other
must lag by 90 degrees, as indicated in Fig. 27b.
As explained previously, the total voltage im-
pressed upon the left-hand diode of V? is
made up of EP (across C87) in series with EA
(across C85); the total voltage impressed upon
the right-hand diode is made up of Ep in series
with EB (across C86). These total voltages are
shown in Fig. 27b as WB and YB, respectively.
It will be noticed that under the condition as-
sumed (namely, the tuned circuits resonant at
the frequency of the impressed signal), the ab-
solute magnitudes, or lengths, of WB and YB
are the same.
Now assume that the signal frequency is
When the signal frequency is below resonance
the phase relations are as shown in Fig. 27d. The
series impedance of the secondary circuit is ca-
pacitive and accordingly the secondary current,
Is, leads the induced electromotive force with
the result shown. Notice that whereas in the pre-
ceding case (frequency above resonance) Wc
was greater than Yc, in this case, YD is greater
than WD.
The functions of the various units are de-
scribed as follows: The tuned circuit comprising
L82, C87, and C88 tunes the plate circuit of the
limiter tube V6 to the intermediate frequency.
The capacitors C83 and C8 in series complete
the intermediate-frequency circuit between plate
and cathode. C88 provides temperature compen-
sation for C87 and L82. The primary winding,
L82, is adjusted for exact resonance at the inter-
mediate frequency by means of an iron dust tun-
ing slug. Plate voltage is applied to the limiter
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tube, V6, through the decoupling resistor R85 is, electrically, the equivalent of a single resistor
from the junction of R28 and R29 on the voltage of 12,000 ohms. The combination of three re-
divider. L81 (the tapped secondary), which is sistors is used, rather than a single 12,000-ohm
coupled to L82, is resonated with capacitors C85, resistor, because of convenience in mounting and
C86, and C84. (C84 is small and provides tern- heat dissipation. The junction points between
perature compensation for the tuned circuit.) the resistors provide taps giving various volt-
This secondary tuned circuit feeds through the ages which are progressively less positive go-
double diode V7 to the load resistors R81 and ing from R31 to the junction point of R24
R83 of the discriminator. Capacitor C81, con- and R25, which point is grounded. (It is useful
nected across resistors R81 and R83, serves as an to bear in mind that neither terminal of the dyna-
intermediate-frequency by-pass and also con- motor is grounded.) The voltage becomes pro-
tributes somewhat to the shaping of the audio- gressively more negative as we go from the
frequency response characteristic. (R82 and R84 ground point through R24 and P2. These two
are discussed in connection with the automatic- resistors are in the circuit which supplied bias
volume-control and squelch circuits; they play to the grids of the first two amplifier tubes. R24
no part in the discriminator action.) is fixed but P2 is adjustable. Since an increase in
One side of the discriminator load circuit is this resistance causes an increase in the voltage
connected to ground through the radio-frequency developed across it, an adjustment of P2 changes
by-pass capacitor C82 and the audio-frequency the negative bias applied to the first two ampli-
by-pass capacitor C20.3 connected in parallel. fying tubes and thus changes the sensitivity of
The other side of the discriminator load circuit the receiver.
connects to the audio-frequency amplifier A , A .,./ , / , f ,
1 ,'! v. A-f Amplifier. A functional diagram or the
through series resistor R10 and coupling ca- 5- r \-c u c- ->0
. re audio-frequency amplifier is shown in Fie. 28.
pacitorC1l. ~- j r c u j-
The audio-frequency output or the discnmma-
/. Voltage Divider. The voltage divider which K>r is developed across the load (R81 and R83 in
is shown in the lower part of Fig. 29 serves three series) as described in Paragraph 23*. It is con-
general functions: nected through the series resistor R10 and series
(1) It constitutes a bleeder across the high- capacitor C1l to the grid of vacuum tube Vl0'.
voltage direct current from the filter to discharge The other Slde goes to ground through the radlo-
the capacitors when the power supply is not in frequenc7 bypass capacitor C82, which has
use C20.3 shunted across it to reduce the audio-
(2) It provides the reduced positive volt- frequencv impedance of this part of the ground
ages required by the second intermediate-fre- return. The orcuit to the cathode of Vl0' is
quency amplifier, the limiter, the delayed-auto- through C20'2- Capacitor C13 is shunted from
matic-volume-control, and the squelch circuits. the gnd of Vl0' to ground and shapes the audlo-
frequency response curve. The resistor Rl0, in
(3) It provides negative grid bias for the conjunction with C13, is a radio-frequency filter
radio-frequency and intermediate-frequency which a other thi ms intermediate.
amplifiers as well as the limiter. frequency currents from appearing on the grid
Current flowing from the positive brush of the of Vl0'. C1l is an audio-coupling capacitor,
dynamotor must pass through audio- and radio- C26 is part of the intermediate-frequency oscilla-
frequency choke coils and through R31, R29, tor circuit. Plate current flowing through cathode
R28, R27, R26, R25, R24, and P2 (provided the resistor R12 serves to bias the grid of Vl0' when
SQUELCH switch is in the ON position) to the the receiver is operated with the SQUELCH switch
negative brush of the dynamotor. It will be noted at OFF. Since R12 is not by-passed there will be
that R29 (13,000 ohms) and R31 (6,800 ohms) a small amount of negative feedback in the first
in series are shunted by R21 ( 30,000 ohms); this stage of this audio amplifier which causes some
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TM 11-620
PAR. 23
reduction in the gain of V10'. (Negative feed-
back is incorporated in this circuit not primarily
to reduce distortion but rather to reduce the gain
of VlO', the full amplification of which is not
required for this application.) Grid return is
completed through the grid leak R1l and the
squelch circuit resistor, R17, to one side of R12.
The function of R17 is described in Paragraph
23/. A portion of the SQUELCH switch D4 con-
I I ST A-F AMP.
sufficient to extinguish the CALL SIGNAL lamp.
At very high signal levels, which normally cause
overloading, the lamp may be extinguished over
part of the cycle due to that overload. This con-
dition results in some distortion which is not
usually objectionable.
The plate of VlO' is connected through the
coupling capacitor C21 to one side of the volume
control Pi, the wiper of this control being con-
TO RECEIVER DISABLING
t RELAY IN ASSOCIATED
^ RADIO TRANSMITTER
BC-M-A
..SIDE TONE
Fig. 28. Radio Receiver BC-683-A: Functional Diagram of A-f Amplifier
nects the junction of R12 and R17 to ground
when the SQUELCH switch is at OFF (removing
any additional bias that might be developed
across R17 by the squelch circuit). The plate
circuit of VlO' connects through R18 and R19
to the B supply voltage, which is by-passed to
ground by C16. The 2-megohm resistor R19 is
shunted by the CALL SIGNAL lamp E1, a neon
lamp which has an impedance of about 200,000
ohms when normal lighting current is passing
through it. When a signal is received the plate
current flows and develops a voltage across R19,
which increases up to the breakdown potential
of the lamp. The lamp then breaks down, greatly
reducing the impedance in series with the plate
and lighting the lamp. At normal signal levels,
the plate current variations of VlO' are not
nected directly jto the control grid of the second
audio amplifier (beam power). V8. The grid
circuit of V8 is completed from the other'side
of the volume control Pi to the minus B lead.
A high-capacity electrolytic capacitor, C23, pre-
vents audio-frequency feedback across the cath-
ode bias resistor R20, which connects to the
minus B lead. Capacitor C19 is connected across
Pi to reduce further the higher audio fre-
quencies, and to prevent the possibility of pickup
of unwanted intermediate-frequency currents
which might otherwise be amplified by V8.
The value of C21 as well as the value of C1l
previously referred to were chosen to reduce the
gain of the audio amplifier at frequencies below
400 cycles.
The screen grid supply for V8 is obtained
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PAR. 23
TM 11-620
LIMITER
V6
Fig. 29. Radio Receiver BC-683-A: Functional Diagram of Delayed-automatic-volume-control Circuit
through the series resistor R23 from the plate
power-supply circuit. Capacitor C24 is the screen
by-pass capacitor. The plate circuit of V8 is con-
nected through the primary winding of the out-
put transformer Tl to the power supply which
is by-passed at this point by capacitor C25 to
complete the return circuit to the minus B lead.
Capacitor C22, connected across the primary
winding of the output transformer T1, serves to
reduce the higher audio frequencies. It also serves
to reduce transient voltages that may be devel-
oped in the plate circuit of V8 under overload
conditions, which would tend to drive the grid
voltage beyond cutoff. The bias for V8 is devel-
oped by plate current flowing through the cath-
ode resistor R20. One of the secondary windings
of the output transformer Tl may be connected
through the speaker switch D3 to the loud-
speaker. With switch D3 at OFF, resistor R30 is
connected across this winding to prevent changes
in headset level taking place when the loud-
speaker is turned on and off. Resistor R30 also
provides a constant load on the output of V8,
further reducing effects of transient voltage.
The remaining winding of the output trans-
former Tl connects through the parallel resistors
R22, R32, and R33 to the OUTPUT TO PHONES
switch D2. This switch connects in turn to the
PHONES jacks Jl and J2. (A parallel connection
is provided from these jacks to terminal 21 of
the plug PGl.) The return circuit to this wind-
ing is completed through ground from Jl and
J2. The series resistors R22, R32, and R33 in this
circuit prevent the sidetone circuit (which is
also connected to the PHONES jacks Jl and J2
through terminal 21 of PGl) from being short-
circuited by the disabling relay in the transmitter.
The disabling relay in the associated transmitter
functions during periods of transmission to
short-circuit this latter winding of Tl.
When background noise is high, particularly
at the point of transmission, the operator should
make sure to talk directly into his microphone in
a loud tone of voice in order to override local
noise. This will increase the volume of the re-
ceiver output considerably. Under actual service
conditions the overloading due to loud talking
does not reduce the degree of intelligibility very
much, but the decreased volume caused by fail-
ure to talk loudly and directly into the micro-
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TM 11-620
PAR. 23
phone will often result in poor reception of your
signals.
h. Delayed-automatic-volume-control Cir-
cuit. A functional diagram of the delayed-auto-
matic-volume-control circuit is shown in Fig. 29.
As already mentioned it is very important that
the signals reaching the discriminator be of uni-
form amplitude. In order to accomplish this,
peak limiting is provided in the second inter-
mediate-frequency amplifier (V5) and both
peak limiting and feedback limiting are pro-
vided in the limiter stage (V6). In addition, the
automatic volume control is used to take care
of the variations below the audio-frequency
range which are too slow to be handled by the
feedback limiter and too small for the overload
limiter. The detailed circuit arrangements will
be described following a discussion of the gen-
eral method by which the delayed-automatic-
volume-control arrangement functions.
Since this is delayed automatic volume control,
there must be a delay bias. This is provided by
connecting the plate of the delayed-automatic-
volume-control tube V9' to a point which is neg-
ative with respect to the cathode connection.
This fixed bias prevents plate current from flow-
ing in V9' when there is no output from the
limiter V6. This fixed bias is the sum of the volt-
ages across P2, R24, R25, and R26.
When there is output from the limiter, the
intermediate-frequency voltage developed across
FL4 is impressed across the plate and cathode of
V9' (as described in more detail later). When
this is sufficient in magnitude to overcome the
fixed bias on V9', plate current will flow in that
tube during part of each half cycle. This plate
current flows through a high resistor (R14)
which is in the common grid return of the radio-
frequency and first intermediate-frequency am-
plifier tubes (Vl and V4). This causes a voltage
to be developed in that resistance, thus increasing
the negative bias applied to the grids of those
amplifier tubes.
It will be noted that the cathode circuit of V9'
includes R81 and R83 which form the discrim-
inator load resistor. Direct current flowing
through these resistors due to discriminator ac-
tion makes their junction negative with respect
to the outer ends of the combination. Since the
negative end of this developed voltage is toward
the cathode of V9', this effect tends to reduce
the delay bias materially as the signal strength
increases.
In addition, intermediate-frequency current
flowing through resistors R81 and R83 (from
the plate of V6 through C85, C86, and tuned
circuit of L81, returning to the cathode of V6
through C81, C82, and C8) causes an interme-
diate-frequency voltage to be applied directly
to the cathode of V9'. This intermediate-fre-
quency voltage is rectified when the peaks exceed
the reduced delay bias. It will be noted that since
this rectified current divides equally through the
discriminator load resistors, it does not affect the
audio-frequency discriminator output.
The net result of these factors is that the
automatic-volume-control tube, V9', is biased so
that no plate current flows in it until the output
of the limiter V6 exceeds a certain amplitude.
When that occurs, this intermediate-frequency
voltage (which is applied to both the discrim-
inator and the automatic-volume-control tube)
undergoes half-wave rectification in V9' and
causes pulsating plate current in that tube. This
plate current develops a d-c voltage in R14 which
is effectively in series with the fixed bias applied
to the radio-frequency and first intermediate-
frequency amplifiers (Vl and V4). This rec-
tified d-c voltage component progressively in-
creases the negative bias applied to Vl and V4,
decreasing the amplification of these tubes, thus
tending to maintain a constant output from the
limiter.
The circuit arrangements for providing the
automatic-volume-control actions are described
in more detail as follows (referring again to Fig.
29) : The cathode of the automatic-volume-con-
trol diode V9' is connected through R81 and
R82 in parallel with R83 and R84 to the junction
of R26 and R27 on the voltage divider, then
through resistors R25 and R26, to ground. The
plate and grid are both connected through R14
to the negative end of the dynamotor; thus they
are negative with respect to the cathode when
53
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PAR. 23
TM 11-620
Fig. 30. Radio Receiver BC-683-A: Functional Diagram of Squelch Circuit
no signal is being received. This rectifier circuit
is completed to ground through R14 (P2 when
the SQUELCH switch is at ON), and R24. These
resistors are also in the circuit which provides
bias to the first radio-frequency and first interme-
diate-frequency amplifying tubes, Vl and V4.
The intermediate-frequency voltage developed
across FL4 appears between the plate of V6 and
ground. The plate of V6 is connected directly
to the junction of C85 and C86. As far as relation
to ground potential is concerned, this junction is
equivalent to the midpoint of L81 which is con-
nected directly to the cathode of V9'. Thus the
cathode of V9' is connected effectively to the
plate of V6. The return circuit from the plate
of V9 is through C14. The intermediate-fre-
quency voltage is thus impressed across the rec-
tifier V9'. When the amplitude is sufficient, half-
wave rectification occurs, which causes plate
current to flow through R14. This causes the
point (x) to become increasingly negative as the
output of V6 increases. Since the potential of
point (x) determines the bias applied to VI and
V4 (radio-frequency and first intermediate-fre-
quency amplifiers), it is apparent that increasing
the input to the receiver causes a decrease in the
gain and thus tends to keep the output of V6
constant.
Currents reaching the discriminator cause d-c
voltages across R81 and R83, by discriminator
action. The junction of these two resistors is the
negative end of each. R82 and R84 are connected
in such a way that R81 and R82 are effectively in
parallel with R83 and R84 for this application,
and the negative end of the voltage developed
across this combination is connected to the cath-
ode of V9'. This voltage is not large enough to
overcome the fixed bias but reduces it materially.
R82 and R84 are provided to permit introducing
the fixed bias on V9' without affecting discrim-
inator action and also without short-circuiting
the audio-frequency output across R81 and R83.
The grid bias lead for Vl and V4 is supplied
through resistor R13 with capacitors Cl4 and
C15 connected to ground at its two ends to pre-
vent radio- and audio-frequency feedback to the
grid of these tubes. Vl and V4 also have indi-
vidual filter resistors R37 and R53 respectively,
between the grid and the common grid bias sup-
ply. Each of these two tubes has an individual
radio-frequency by-pass capacitor connected
from the grid end of its filter resistor to ground.
i. Squelch Circuit. A functional diagram of
the squelch circuit is shown in Fig. 30.
The squelch circuit is designed to disable the
receiver output when the desired carrier is not
received. In this manner, hiss and undesirable
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TM 11-620 III. FUNCTIONING OF PARTS PAR. 23
background noise (normally present under a no- R26 while the grid is eventually returned to the
signal condition) are eliminated in the "no- junction of R26 and R27. This return path is
transmission" intervals. In order to accomplish through resistors R15 and R16, then through
this more efficiently over a wide range of possible R81 and R82 in parallel with R83 and R84, to
signal and background levels, a sensitivity con- the voltage divider. Also the plate is returned
trol is provided. This is effective only when the through R17 and the switch D4 (at ON) to the
squelch circuit is turned on, and normally enables junction of R27 and R28 which is positive with
the operator to adjust the threshold level (oper- respect to both the cathode and the grid. There-
ating point) of the squelch circuit in such a way fore, plate current flows in the squelch tube V9"
that the average background interference alone and through resistor R17 to produce a voltage
will not maintain the receiver in operating con- drop through R17. The negative end of this volt-
dition. Desired signals, however, not only will age drop is at the junction with R1l and thus
cause the set to become operative but also will applies negative bias through R1l to the grid
light the CALL SIGNAL lamp. of the first audio-frequency amplifier V10'. This
The operation of the squelch circuit is accom- voltage is sufficient to bias V10' below cutoff;
plished by having plate current flow in the hence, no plate current flows and the amplifier
squelch tube V9" when no carrier is being re- is "disabled." The by-pass capacitors C17 and
ceived. This plate current in V9" flowing C18 are connected to ground from either side of
through resistor (R17) produces a d-c voltage Rl6, to prevent intermediate-frequency or audio-
which is applied as negative bias to the first au- frequency currents from flowing through R15
dio-frequency amplifier VlO'. This bias is suffici- and R16 and actuating the squelch tube, since
ent to prevent any signal transmission beyond operation of this circuit is controlled mainly by
that point. Thus there is no receiver output, the d-c component of the rectified input signal.
When carrier voltage is received, the current Capacitor C12 serves to filter the plate circuit of
flowing through resistors R81 and R83 from dis- V9" in a similar way. Capacitor C20.2 provides
criminator action sets up a d-c potential which is an audio-frequency return path to ground from
applied to the grid of the squelch tube V9" to the cathode circuit of the first audio-frequency
prevent the flow of plate current. Thus the bias stage.
caused by that plate current is removed from the When a signal is being received, a voltage of
grid of VlO' and the audio amplifier .operates intermediate frequency is developed across the
normally. The following discussion shows in tapped secondary L81 of filter unit FL4. This is
more detail how this is accomplished: applied to the two diodes of the discriminator
When there is no input to the discriminator, V7. In one case a resulting electron flow occurs
no signal voltage will be built up across either from the cathode (4) to the plate (3), through
R81 or R83. With no signal voltage being re- L81 (upper winding), R81, and back to the
ceived, noise voltage is developed across R81 cathode. The other circuit is from the cathode
and R83. If the SQUELCH switch is at ON, the (8) to the plate (5), through L81 (lower wind-
amount of noise voltage is adjustable by means ing), R83, and back to the cathode. The voltages
of P2, and the audio-frequency amplifier VlO' built up across R83 and R81 are such that the
(Fig. 30) is then biased beyond cutoff by reason negative terminal of each is at the junction of
of the current (from the plate circuit of the the two resistors. For bias purposes, these two
squelch tube V9") flowing through R17. The voltages are effectively connected in parallel by
CALL SIGNAL light is then extinguished since no connecting two high resistors, R84 and R82,
current flows in the plate circuit of VlO'. It will from the positive terminals of R81 and R83. The
be observed that the control grid of the squelch other ends of both R82 and R84 are then con-
tube is positive with respect to the cathode (grid nected to the junction of R26 and R27 on the
current flow is limited by R15 and R16). The voltage divider,
cathode is connected to the junction of R25 and The negative end of this potential effectively
55
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PAR. 23
TM 11-620
C26
LIMITER
V6
CIO
C'
1ST A-FAMP
VIO1
Fig. 31. Radio Receiver BC-683-A: Functional Diagram of l-f Oscillator
developed across R81 and R83 in parallel is ap-
plied through resistors R15 and R16 to the grid
of the squelch tube V9". It will be noted that
this potential is in opposition to the grid bias
(the voltage drop across R26 and R27) which
is applied to V9" whenever the SQUELCH switch
is at ON. When no input exists at the discrim-
inator, plate current will flow in V9". When a
signal is being received, however, the voltage
developed across resistors R81 and R83 is suffici-
ent to overcome the fixed bias and stop the flow
of plate current in V9"; thus the effect of the
squelch is eliminated and the audio-frequency
amplifier will function normally.
The SENSITIVITY control is described as part
of the voltage divider. It regulates the radio-
frequency gain of the receiver to make it as high
as possible without providing enough average
noise voltage to "trip" the squelch tube.
/. /-/ Oscillator. A functional diagram of the
intermediate-frequency oscillator is shown in
Fig. 31. .
The intermediate-frequency oscillator employs
a Hartley circuit which is quite similar to the
radio-frequency oscillator of the receiver. Coil
L91 is adjustable to permit tuning to 2.65 mega-
cycles. Capacitor C93 provides the bulk of the
tuning capacitance. Capacitor C92 provides, tem-
perature compensation and C94 is a blocking
capacitor. Capacitor C91 provides feedback and
resistor R91 provides grid bias.
The intermediate-frequency oscillator operates
as an autodyne detector. Some intermediate-fre-
quency energy from limiter V6 is impressed
upon the plate of the oscillator through a small
coupling capacitor, C10. This energy modulates
the oscillator, and the audio-frequency beat note
produced is passed on to the first audio-fre-
quency amplifier through R6 and C26. C26 is a
coupling capacitor. R6 prevents a short circuit
of the audio amplifier. The coupling capacitor
C1O is small enough to prevent audio frequencies
from appearing on the plate of the limiter. The
oscillator is controlled by the TUNE-OPERATE
switch, D5, which supplies plate voltage to VlO"
through the load resistors R92 and R93.
k. Vacuum Tube Heater Circuits. A func-
tional diagram of the vacuum tube heater cir-
cuits in the receiver is shown in Fig. 32.
These circuits are permanently grounded to
the receiver chassis at three points, i.e., terminal
2 of V1, terminal 7 of V4, and terminal 2 of
V3. Terminal 1 of plug PG2 is grounded also.
When the dynamotor is installed in the receiver,
the strap connections shown (which are included
in the base of the dynamotor) modify the circuii
as required for operation at the battery voltag.
indicated on the dynamotor. Thus, if 24-volt ba
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TM 11-620
PARS. 23-24
tery operation with Dynamotor DM-36-(*) is
assumed, J801 of the dynamotor connects ter-
minal 3 on plug PG2 to terminal 2; and the 24-
volt battery is impressed across three parallel
circuits (of series heaters) to ground: (V9, V7,
V10, and V3), (V5 and V4), and (V8, V6, V2,
and Vl). If 12-volt battery operation with
Dynamotor DM-34-(*) is assumed, J701 of the
dynamotor connects terminal 3 on PG2 to ter-
minals 12, 9, and 15 and straps terminal 1 to
terminal 2. By these connections, the 12-volt
battery is impressed across six combinations of
accomplish a similar function on the high-voltage
end. L701 together with C25 constitutes an audio
filter to remove the audio-frequency ripple
which exists at the output of the dynamotor.
For Dynamotor DM-36-(*), the correspond-
ing components in the 800 series perform similar
functions.
24. Functioning of Radio Transmitter
BC-684-A. -
a. Block Diagram. A block diagram of the
transmitter is shown in Fig. 33.
, 'o o o o o o i
3 Tnz z 9 is i
L..JT. j
3 I It 2 9 B
J80I
J70I
IW
Fig. 32. Radio Receiver BC-683-A: Functional Diagram of the Heater Circuits
heaters to ground: (V2 and Vl), (V6 and V8),
(VlOandV3),(V7andV9), (V4), and (V5).
As mentioned in Paragraph ib, a 12-volt dyna-
motor must be used with a 12-volt battery and a
24-volt dynamotor with a 24-volt battery. The
connections within a dynamotor are so arranged
that the circuit is automatically changed to adapt
it to the battery voltage.
/. Dynamotor Filter Circuits. Filter circuits
are provided in both the low- and the high-
voltage sides of the dynamotors to overcome in-
terference caused by the commutator as well as
to provide the required degree of filtering. In
the case of Dynamotor DM-34-(*), capacitors
C703 and C704 together with L702 constitute a
low-voltage filter to prevent commutator inter-
ference from the low-voltage end. C701, C702,
C705, and C706 together with L703 and L704
The gang-tuning control, operated by the push
button selector, selects any one of ten preselected
crystals and connects it to the oscillator (V107).
The oscillator output frequency (f*) is amplified
by the first radio-frequency amplifier (V101)
and, along with the audio-frequency signals, is
impressed upon a saturated iron-core modulation
coil (MOD COIL).
The output of the modulation coil is rich in
harmonics of the crystal frequency. After recti-
fication by V102, the reason for which will be
given later, the twelfth harmonic of the crystal
frequency (12 f*) is selected and impressed
upon a frequency tripler (V108). The tripler
output (36 fx) excites a frequency doubler
(V103). The doubler output (72 fx) drives the
power amplifier (V104) at the carrier frequency
(fc~72 k). The proper one of ten pretuned an-
JM4 0-45-5
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PAR. 24
TM 11-620
/--- T ~ / V r 7 ~f 7 ,
/ / / / / / / / / i
TUNING CONTROL
\
10
CRYSTALS
Fx
OSC
F,
R-F AMP
V 101
1 ST
Fx MOD RECTI- |2FX TMPLER36Fx0ou|
SLER 72fv POWER ANTENNA
V 107
COIL v I02 FC/B Fc/2 "
FC V 104 CKT
k-F SIGNAL
INPUT
*-
1 ST
A-FAMP
V 109
A-F AMP
V 106
2 ND
F, CARRIER FREQUENCY
FK- CRYSTAL FREQUENCY
Fig. 33. Radio Transmitter BC-684-A; Block Diagram
tenna coupling circuits is selected by the gang-
tuning control and connected to the antenna.
Speech signals from a microphone associated
with the transmitter are amplified by a two-stage
audio-frequency amplifier (V105 and V106).
A small amount of audio output from V106
is caused to pass through the headset circuit. This
is called "sidetone." It enables the commander
to hear all that goes out from his radio transmit-
ter and prevents confusion where two people
have microphones for the same transmitting set.
Also, when the operator's ears are covered by a
headset he does not have the normal sensation
of hearing himself talk unless sidetone is pro-
vided.
b. Schematic, Wiring, and Apparatus Loca-
tion Diagrams. Complete schematic, wiring, and
apparatus location diagrams are given in Figs.
47-50, 74, and 75.
c. Crystal Oscillator and First R-f Amplifier.
A functional diagram of the crystal oscillator
CI50
(V107) and the first radio-frequency amplifier
(V101) is shown in Fig. 34.
The frequency of the oscillator (V107) is
controlled by any one of ten crystals in Holders
FT-241-A placed in the crystal compartment.
The crystal frequencies are in the range of 375
to 540 kilocycles, as listed accurately in Para-
graph 3d, Table II. In the functional diagram
the important components of the oscillator are
the crystal, YlOl to YllO, capacitor C151 from
the control grid of V107 to ground, and the
tuned circuit C105-L102 in series with capacitor
C104. The crystal is connected between the con-
trol grid and the junction of the tuned circuit
and C104. The remaining components provide
the proper screen grid and plate potentials, grid
bias, and a high-frequency impedance (L117-
R149).
The oscillator operates as a modified "grid-
ground" oscillator in which the crystal is above
ground because of the impedance of capacitor
C104. The phase of the current through this
CIO3
LI03A
RIO3 LIOI
VvV-frW^-J
CIOI
CI06"
cioe
LIO4
-C +B -C +B
Fig. 34. Radio Transmitter BC-684-A: Functional Diagram of Oscillator and First R-f Oscillator
58
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TM 11-620
PAR. 24
capacitor is such that some additional feedback
is obtained, over that occurring in the usual grid-
ground circuit. This causes more rapid crystal
starting and increases the output.
The parallel-connected inductor and capacitor
in the plate circuit of the oscillator, L102 and
C105, are proportioned to increase the excitation
on the grid of VlOl at the higher frequencies
over that which would be obtained otherwise.
Capacitor C150 prevents the oscillator plate d-c
voltage from appearing on the grid of VlOl.
Grid bias for the first radio-frequency ampli-
fier VlOl flows through resistor R139. The
screen of VlOl is kept at radio-frequency ground
potential by by-pass capacitor C1Ol. The d-c
supply for the screen is obtained from the 400-
A-F INPUT
R-f INPUT
C 106
audio signal (output of the second audio-fre-
quency amplifier, V106).
The radio-frequency input derived from the
first radio-frequency amplifier causes a current
of about 0.3 ampere to flow through parallel-
resonant circuit L103A, L104, C106, and C147.
L104 becomes magnetically saturated at a much
lower current than this. When the instantaneous
radio-frequency current exceeds the saturation
value there is no appreciable increase of flux
density and the inductance of the coil drops to
a low value. Consequently very little voltage ap-
pears across it when the instantaneous current
through it is higher than the saturation value.
Between the saturation value and zero cur-
rent, the coil has a high inductance, and a change
LII8
C 156
C 157
;C 155
-C +B
Fig. 35. Radio Transmitter BC-684-A: Functional Diagram of Modulator and Rectifier
volt supply through resistor R103. The plate
circuit is fed through radio-frequency choke coil
LlO1, and the load circuit (L103A, L104, and
C106), is isolated by blocking capacitor C103.
d. Modulator and Rectifier. A functional
diagram of the modulator and rectifier stages
is given in Fig. 35.
Two important functions are performed by
inductor L104, which is a small nonlinear coil
specially designed for use in this transmitter.
The coil, together with its associated tuning in-
ductor and capacitors (L103A, C106, C147),
serves as a harmonic producer; at the same time,
it functions as a modulating element which
causes the carrier-frequency output of the first
radio-frequency amplifier to be phase-modulated
in conformity with amplitude variations of the
in current causes a relatively large change of flux
density. Under this condition (that is, when the
current passes through the magnetization range
of the coil) there is a large change in the mag-
netic field; a high counter-voltage is induced
across the coil. The current through L104, there-
fore, produces sharp voltage peaks each half
cycle as the radio-frequency current wave passes
through zero. The voltage peaks alternate in
polarity each half cycle and are evenly spaced in
time. The peaks have a distorted wave shape and
contain many harmonics of the original (crystal)
frequency.
Figure 36 shows how phase modulation may'
be produced by passing combined carrier and
signal currents through L104. Figure 36a repre-
sents the current through L104 (crystal fre-
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V/ftVftVVV'V,V-1V
FIG.Ma-CARRIER CURRENT
I I
I FIG. Jb-VOICE CURRENT
A A
V
V
1 A
V"
I I
FIG.36C-CARRIER AND VOICE CURRENT
Sffi
V
1
I
5
v
V/4
Te
I I
FI0.3ed-INDUCTIVE KICKS GENERATED IN THE MODULATOR COIL
I I
FIG 3-RECTIFIER OUTPUT
AuA
V
/\ A A A
V V !V !V [v
FiG.3f -FUNDAMENTAL PHASE MODULATED WAVE
Fig. 36. Radio Transmitter BC-684-A: Method of Modulation
60
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/

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Fig. 37. Radio Transmitter BC-684-A: Functional Diagram of Tripler, Doubler,
Power Amplifier, and Antenna Coupling Circuits
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PAR. 24
TM 11-620
T KM
'38 R ,20 R ,2, C 139
h
J I02
L 104
PG 101
+A +8
Fig. 38. Radio Transmitter BC-684-A: Functional Diagram of A-f Amplifier
quency) in the absence of any modulating signal.
An audio-frequency (sine wave) signal is shown
in Fig. 36b. As shown in Fig. 35, the two currents
pass through L104 to ground. The combined
current is shown in Fig. 36c. Figure 36d shows
the inductive voltage peaks generated in L104
(near zero instantaneous coil current) by the
combined current.
The peaked voltage across L104 is rectified by
a biased rectifier, V102, as shown in Fig. 35. The
fixed bias on the grid of V102 is sufficient to
eliminate all portions of the wave shown in Fig.
36d except the upper peaks. The rectified output
of V102 is illustrated in Fig. 36e. The wave
shown in Fig. 36f is representative of the funda-
mental component of the wave in Fig. 36e. The
difference between the evenly spaced intervals
on the "time axis" and the points of "zero cur-
rent" represents the amount by which modula-
tion has shifted the wave.
The wave in Fig. 36e contains a large number
of harmonic frequencies, each of which is sim-
ilarly phase-modulated. A tuned filter (C152,
C153, L119, L118, C156, and C157) suppresses
all but the twelfth harmonic of the crystal fre-
quency. This is passed on to the tripler stage of
the transmitter.
e. Tripler, Doubter, Power Amplifier, and
Antenna Coupling Circuits. A functional dia-
gram of the tripler (V108), doubler (V103),
power amplifier (V104), and antenna coupling
circuits is shown in Fig. 37.
The input to the tripler tube, the voltage
across tuning capacitors C156 and C157, is at
twelve times the crystal frequency, or one sixth
of the output carrier frequency. Coupled anti-
resonant circuits (C113, C1l4, L106 and C115,
Cl 16, L107) in the plate circuit of V108 and the
grid circuit of V103 select the thirty-sixth har-
monic of the crystal frequency and impress it
upon the doubler stage, V103. The doubler out-
put is tuned to the output carrier frequency by
anti-resonant circuit L108, C119, C120. While
capacitor C121 is included in the tuned circuit,
it is of low reactance and is used only as a d-c
blocking capacitor. The power amplifier, V104,
is coupled to the antenna by coupled circuits
C125, C126, L110 and L1l1, C127-C136. L122-
R158 is included in the grid lead of V104 to sup-
press high-frequency parasitic oscillations.
/. A-f Amplifier and Microphone Circuits.
The essential circuits of the audio-frequency
amplifier and the microphone circuits are shown
in Fig. 38.
The first audio-frequency amplifier tube,
V105, may be excited by a microphone. This may
be a carbon-type microphone (either Microphone
T-17 or T-30) connected to J102, or a magnetic-
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TM 11-620
PARS. 24-27
type microphone (Microphone T-33) connected
to J101. In either case, pressing the switch on the
microphone energizes the dynamotor relay wind-
ing (S102) and closes its contacts to start the
transmitter dynamotor. The voltage from a mag-
netic-type microphone is impressed across the
primary of input transformer TlOl. The second-
ary of TlOl is loaded by resistor R115. The volt-
age across R115 is impressed upon the input of
V105 through capacitor C137.
Since the output of a carbon-type microphone
exceeds that of a magnetic-type microphone,
means are provided to care for this difference. A
magnetic-type microphone may be plugged into
jack JlOl or a carbon-type microphone may be
plugged into jack J102. The desired uniformity
of excitation of V105 (in spite of differences in
microphone output) is obtained by the voltage
divider action of capacitors C137 and C138.
C138 is smaller than C137 and the audio signal
voltage across C137, which is the excitation for
V105, is proportionally smaller. The d-c micro-
phone current is obtained through a ripple filter
(R120, C140, and R121), from the vehicle bat-
tery.
The output of V105 is coupled to the grid of
V106 by capacitor C14l and resistors R151 and
R125. R123 is a noise filter resistor for the plate
of V105. Capacitor C145 serves as a ground re-
turn for the plate circuits of V105 and V106.
Output transformer T102 has two series-con-
nected secondary windings. One winding sup-
plies sidetone to terminal 21 on plug PGlOl
through resistor R128. The sidetone volume is
adjusted by varying the setting of potentiometer
P101. The second winding supplies modulating
signals to the modulation coil, L104, through
radio-frequency choke coil L105A.
g. Metering Circuits. A single meter, MlOl
(Fig. 74), may be switched to any one of several
circuits in the transmitter by operation of switch
D125. The panel switch D121 is used to connect
the meter to D125 or to the thermocouple
TClOl for indicating antenna current. The fol-
lowing six circuits may be checked by use of
D125.
Switch Position
1
2
3
4
5
6
Circuit
Doublet grid
First r-f amplifier grid
Rectifier grid
Triplet grid
Power amplifier grid
Total plate and screen
25. Functioning of Remote Control Unit
RM-29-D. A combined schematic and wiring
diagram for the remote control unit is given in
Fig. 76. The association of this unit with Radio
Set SCR-608-A is also shown in the detailed sys-
tem schematic diagram, Fig. 69, and is explained
.in Paragraph 27. For more detailed information
on the functioning of the various components in
Remote Control Unit RM-29-D, refer to Tech-
nical Manual TM 11-308 which covers this unit.
26. Functioning of Dynamotors DM-34-(*),
DM-35-(*), DM-36-J*), and DM-37-(*).
Four types of dynamotor are used with Radio
Sets SCR-608-A and SCR-628-A. They are:
Dynamotor DM-34-(*) : Receiver (12 volts)
Dynamotor DM-35-(*) : Transmitter (12 volts)
Dynamotor DM-36-(*) : Receiver (24 volts)
Dynamotor DM-37-(*) : Transmitter (24 volts)
Each dynamotor combines the functions of a
low-voltage (12-volt or 24-volt) d-c motor with
a high-voltage (200 volts for the receiver; 600
volts for the transmitter) d-c generator in a
single machine. Only one frame, one armature,
one field winding, and one pair of bearings are
required. The armature is wound with two sep-
arate windings, each of which is connected to its
own commutator. Schematic and wiring diagrams
of the four dynamotors are shown in Fig. 39.
Apparatus location diagrams are shown in Fig.
40. Exploded views of the dynamotors are shown
in Figs. 41 and 42. The parts numbers are given
in Paragraph 41, Maintenance of Dynamotor.
27. Functioning of Control Circuits.
a. Radio Set SCR-608-A. Figure 69 is a system
schematic drawing of Radio Set SCR-608-A
showing control circuit wiring in the receivers,
transmitter, and mounting. It also shows Remote
Control Unit RM-29-D and field Telephone
61
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WHITE-RED
SEE NOTE
OVNAMOTOR DM-34-(-), WIRING DIAGRAM
WHITE-RED
OF SOCKET
SEE NOTE
DYNAMOTOR DM-36-1*). WIRING DIAGRAM
NOTE:
THESE WIRES SHOULD BE KEPT AS FAR AS POSSIBLE
FROM ALL OTHER WIRES.
Fig. 39. Dynamotors: Schematic and Wiring Diagrams
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SERIES FIELD
I 2345 6 7 8 9 1O II 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
DYNAMOTOR DM-3A-(*)
SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM
WIRING SIDE
OF SOCKET
SHIELDED PAIR
GROUNDED AT 8OTH\*
ENDS OF SHIELD
MG5OI
DYNAMOTOR OM-35-HH, COMBINATION WIRING
AND SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM
SERIES FIELD
I 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1O II 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
DYNAMOTOR DM-36-1*)
SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM
WIRING SIDE
OF SOCKET
-D
\7
J6O2
GROUND
TERMINAL
SHIELDED PAIR
GROUNDED AT BOTH
ENDS OF SHIELD
Q
0
0'
MG6OI
J6OI
DYNAMOTOR OM-37-OO, COMBINATION WIRING
AND SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM
NOTE:
THE HIGH VOLTAGE LEADS FROM THE GROUNDED END
OF SHIELDING TO THE PLUG TERMINALS SHALL BE
COVERED WITH OIEFLEX FLEXIBLE VARNISHED
TUBING NO. 9 OR EQUIVALENT.
Fig. 39. Dynamotors: Schematic and Wiring Diagrams
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LV.
END
D
-*
V
Jl I
HIGH VOLTAGE END
CAP REMOVED
H*
'ftA - -
LV.
END
I
i:
ffj
'=-1
DYNAMOTORDM-34-^) AND DYNAMOTOR
H.V. SOCKET
41 MAX
LOW VOLTAGE END.
CAP REMOVED
LOCATION OF
TERMINAL 6
BOTTOM VIEW
DYNAMOTOR DM-35-(*)AND DYNAMOTOR DM-37-(#)
Fig. 40. Dynamotors: Apparatus Location Diagrams
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Fig. 41. Dynamotor DM-34-(*) or Dynamotor DM-36-C): Exploded View
67
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Fig. 42. Dynamotor DM-35-C) or Dynamotor DM-37-C): Exploded View
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TM 11-620
PAR. 27
EE-8-(*), so that the wiring of a complete sys-
tem is included. Refer to Fig. 69 for the discus-
sion which follows.
Connections to the vehicle battery are shown
at the lower right of the mounting. The negative
side is grounded and the positive lead goes to
terminal 1 of mounting receptacles J401, J402,
and J403. On the corresponding plugs of the
receivers (PGl), terminal 1 connects to the ON-
OFF switches D1, and on plug PGlOl of the
transmitter, terminal 1 connects to the ON-OFF
switch D124.
When a receiver ON-OFF switch Dl is closed,
the receiver vacuum tube cathodes are heated
and the receiver dynamotor starts. The output
of either or both receivers is available at receiver
headset jacks Jl and J2, when the OUTPUT TO
PHONES switches D2 are at ON. Interconnection
between headset jacks of the two receivers is
over the lead connecting to terminal 21 of PGl.
This lead also connects through the mounting
to terminal 21 of the transmitter plug PGlO1,
which goes to a winding on transformer T102 of
the transmitter to provide sidetone in the receiver
headsets when transmitting. Receiver output
volume is adjusted by VOLUME control Pi, and
sidetone level is adjusted by potentiometer PlOl
in the transmitter. The receiver loudspeakers are
turned on or off by switches D3. The antenna
connection to the receivers is from the TR bind-
ing post on the mounting through terminal Al
of J403 and PGlO1, through a break contact of
the transmitter anrenna relay S1O1, through ter-
minal A2 of PGlOl and J403, through terminals
Al of J401 or J402 and PG1, to the grid of
vacuum tube Vl. Transmitter relay S1Ol is en-
ergized when transmitting, so that the receivers
are disconnected from the antenna.
When the transmitter ON-OFF switch D124
is closed, the pilot lamp lights and the vacuum
tube filaments are heated. When a carbon-type
Microphone T-17 (or T-30) is plugged into
jack J102 and the RECEIVER TUNE-OPERATE
switch D122 is at OPERATE, the transmitter is
ready for operation. Closing the microphone
switch energizes dynamotor relay S102, thus
starting the transmitter dynamotor. At the same
time relays S1Ol and S103 in the transmitter are
energized. S1Ol is the antenna relay which trans-
fers the antenna connection from the receiver to
the transmitter, applies plate voltage to the
power amplifier tube V104, and grounds the bias
lead of the oscillator VT07. S103 is the receiver
disabling relay which, when operated, short-
circuits the output of both receivers (leads from
S103 contacts through terminals 7 and 22 of
PGlOl and J403, through terminal 7 of J402,
J401, and PG1, to transformers Tl in receivers).
Speech signals from the microphone through
J102 are amplified in the audio amplifier tubes
V105 and V106 and are impressed on the radio-
frequency tubes via transformer T102. The lower
secondary winding on T102 provides sidetone to
the receiver headsets as previously described.
If a magnetic-type Microphone T-33 is used,
it is plugged into jack JlOl instead of J102.
Closing the microphone switch grounds the dyna-
motor relay S102 winding over leads marked A
and B and speech signals are impressed on the
audio input transformer TlOl via leads marked
C and D. Otherwise, operation of the transmitter
is the same as that described for the carbon-type
microphone.
To furnish carrier-frequency voltage for set-
ting push button selectors in the transmitter and
the receiver without putting the transmitter "on
the air," the RECEIVER TUNE-OPERATE switch
D122 is provided in the transmitter. In the fore-
going discussion of operation of the transmitter,
it was stated that switch D122 was at OPERATE.
When this switch is set to RECEIVER TUNE (after
the ON-OFF switch is turned to ON), the trans-
mitter dynamotor relay S102 is energized and the
dynamotor starts without a microphone plugged
in. The antenna relay S1Ol and receiver dis-
abling relay S103 do not operate, however, so
that carrier voltage is not applied to the antenna
and the receiver output is not short-circuited.
Radio Set SCR-608-A may be used with Re-
mote Control Unit RM-29-D and field Telephone
EE-8-(*). These are also shown in Fig. 69, and
a brief description of their function is given here.
Plug PL-55 of the remote control unit is
plugged into a headset jack of the receiver and
Plug PL-68 is plugged into the carbon-type
microphone jack of the transmitter. A headset is
69
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PAR. 27
TM 11-620
plugged into Jack JK-34-A of the remote control
unit and a carbon-type microphone is plugged
into Jack JK-33-A. Leads to the field telephone
are connected at terminals Ll and L2. With
Switch SW-185 of the remote control unit at
RADIO, Jacks JK-33-A and JK-34-A are connected
directly through to Plugs PL-68 and PL-55, re-
spectively. When the transmitter and the receiv-
er are turned on, operation is as previously de-
scribed, except that speech signals pass through
the remote control unit. The secondary of trans-
former C280 is not connected, so that no voice
communication with field Telephone EE-8-(*)
is possible. The field telephone station may ring
the Ringer MC-131 in the remote control unit,
however.
To communicate with a remote station, Switch
SW-185 of the remote control unit is thrown to
TELEPHONE, which disconnects Jacks JK-33-A
and JK-34-A from Plugs PL-68 and PL-55 and
connects them to transformer C280, also connect-
ing Battery BA-27 in series to provide talking
battery supply for the microphone at the remote
control unit. When a remote station is to be
called, the handle on the crank of Generator
GN-38 is lifted and rotated to the right.
To allow the remote station to transmit and
receive over Radio Set SCR-608-A, Switch
SW-185 in the remote control unit is set to
THROUGH. In this position, the speech signals
from the field telephone may be passed to the
transmitter by pressing the ANTI-HOWL switch
SW-175 in the remote control unit. The ANTI-
HOWL switch must be released for speech signals
from the receiver to be passed to the field tele-
phone. It is not possible to transmit from the
remote control unit when Switch SW-185 is at
THROUGH, but the speech signals can and must
be monitored with a headset in Jack JK-34-A.
b. Radio Set SCR-628-A. The functions of
Radio Set SCR-628-A are exactly the same as
Radio Set SCR-608-A except that only one re-
ceiver is furnished. With this difference the fore-
going discussion of the functioning of Radio Set
SCR-608-A applies to Radio Set SCR-628-A.
70
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TM 11-620
PAR. 28
IV. MAINTENANCE
SECTION IV. MAINTENANCE
Special Notice to Maintenance Personnel: Be-
fore making replacement of any parts in this
equipment, read Section V and particularly Par-
agraph 43 for changes in circuit components.
28. General Maintenance Information.
a. Precautions. Use care in servicing this
equipment. Servicing should be done only by
competent personnel who are supplied with
adequate tools and test equipment. An inex-
perienced operator, in attempting to locate and
repair a minor trouble which a competent serv-
iceman could care for in a few moments, might
misalign or damage the equipment to such an
extent as to require its being sent to a repair
depot.
When working with the transmitter, either
in use or in testing, make sure that one of the
push buttons is always depressed when the dyna-
motor is running. Also, turn the transmitter off
whenever possible.
In the following instructions it is necessary in
some cases to give values of voltage and current
for certain conditions. Because of variations in
tubes and other apparatus items, consider such
values to be only approximations in most cases.
As long as the result obtained does not differ
greatly from the typical figure, it is probable
that the unit in question is not in trouble.
Several drawings will be useful in connection
with maintenance work on this equipment, par-
ticularly the location of trouble. The following
are included in addition to those mentioned in
previous paragraphs:
Fig. 51. Radio Receiver BC-683-A: Location of
Alignment and Tuning Controls. This
shows where the various knobs and
screws are located for use in aligning
the tuned circuits and in making other
necessary adjustments.
Fig. 52. Radio Transmitter BC-684-A: Location
of Alignment and Tuning Controls.
This shows where the various adjust-
ments are located for use in aligning
the tuned circuits and in making other
necessary adjustments.
Fig. 57. Radio Receiver BC-683-A: Voltage
Diagram. This shows the voltages to
be expected under normal conditions
from various points to the chassis.
Fig. 58. Radio Receiver BC-683-A: Resistance
Diagram. This shows the resistance
values to be expected from various
points on the receiver to the chassis.
All resistance measurements are made
with the dynamotor removed from the
receiver.
Fig. 59. Radio Transmitter BC-684-A: Voltage
Diagram. This shows the voltages to
be expected under normal conditions
from various points to the chassis.
Fig. 60. Radio Transmitter BC-684-A: Resist-
ance Diagram. This shows the resist-
ance values to be expected from various
points on the receiver to the chassis.
All resistance measurements are made
with the dynamotor in place in the
transmitter.
Fig. 61. Mounting FT-237-(*) : Schematic Dia-
gram.
Fig. 62. Mounting FT-237-(*): Wiring Dia-
gram.
b. General Information. The cleaning, in-
specting, and testing procedures contained in
this section are intended to prevent development
of faults in field service. Operation failures are
usually caused by dirt, loose connections, bad
vacuum tubes, defective wiring or component
parts, misalignment, or incorrect tuning.
Unless otherwise specified, make the follow-
ing routine checks of .the major components after
every 300 hours of service. (Check the vehicle
battery, charging generator, and voltage regu-
lator prior to making tests of equipment installed
in the vehicle.)
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. o: cuctuj
2 iiiiiicfis!
Fig. 43. Radio Receiver BC-683-A: Wiring Diagram of Front Panel
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TM 11-620
PARS. 29-30
IV. MAINTENANCE
29. Routine Check of Mounting. Check the
mounting and prepare it for testing of the radio
set as follows:
a. Be sure that the main fuse is intact and
that the screws are tight.
b. See that the spare fuse is in place.
c. Inspect the transmitter and the receiver re-
ceptades. Repair or replace any that are dam-
aged.
d. Inspect the insulators and the lead-in, and
the connection at the left-hand end of the
mounting.
30. RoutineCheckofRadioReceiverBC-683-A.
a. Cleaning and Inspecting.
(1) Remove the receiver from the mount-
ing.
(2) Clean the outside of the cover and the
front panel.
(3) Remove the cover and see that the cir-
cuit label is secure.
(4) Clean and inspect plug PGl. Make sure
that there is a slight play in the plug mounting.
Carefully shake or blow out dust and
dirt from the interior of the receiver. Avoid
bringing a rag in contact with receiver parts as
this may damage them.
Note: If an air hose is used be sure that any
water condensed in it is blown out before apply-
ing the air stream to the equipment. Use only
air intended for cleaning purposes and do not
blow hard enough to misplace or damage any
apparatus.
(6) Inspect the set for:
(a) Loose or broken connections.
(b) Damaged parts.
(c) Evidence of excessive heating, such as
burned resistors or melted wax. Such troubles
can often be located by the sense of smell. Use
your nose as well as your eyes.
Fig. 44. Radio Receiver BC-683-A: Apparatus
Location Diagram, Front View of Panel
(7) Check both fuses and replace if neces-
sary.
(8) Dust off the push-button assembly with
compressed air or a bellows.
(9) Lubricate the push-button assembly as
directed in Paragraph 30/.
Caution: Do not get oil on the locking wedge or
friction washers.
(10) Make sure all screws and nuts are
tight. Check each socket mounting screw and
each grounding screw with a screwdriver.
Caution: Do not use abnormal force when tight-
ening screws. Take it easy.
(52334 O - 45 -
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VI
C2S
LCU3A
(R.FOSCILLATOR)
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0
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CIS
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CIS
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FUSE Fl
SMRE FUSE
CI6
CU
RESISTANCE STRIP
Fig. 45. Radio Receiver BC-683-A: Apparatus Location Diagram, Left-side View
74
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Fig. 46. Radio Receiver BC-683-A: Apparatus Location Diagram, Right-side View
75
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PAR. 30
TM
(11) Inspect the sockets for dirty or dam-
aged prong grips.
b. Dynamotor Routine. Remove the dyna-
motor end bells and dust off the commutator and
brushes. The receiver dynamotor may be serv-
iced in accordance with Paragraph 41 of this
section. Make sure that the dynamotor voltage
rating is correct for the vehicle battery.
c. Vacuum lube Check.
(1) Check the radio-frequency amplifier
rube, VI, for tightness in its socket.
(2) Remove the tube and clean the prongs.
(3) Repair or replace the socket if the con-
tact pins on the tube are not gripped properly
by the socket receptacles.
(4) Make sure that the tube is of the type
specified, VT-112.
(5) Test the tube, if possible, in the tube
checker unit of Test Set I-56-(*) in accordance
with instructions furnished with the tube checker.
Do not neglect the short-circuit test.
(6) If the tube is satisfactory put it back
in the socket from which it was removed.
(Otherwise install a new tube.)
remaining tubes.
Caution: Return each tube to the socket from
which it was taken. It is important that even
tubes of the same type shall not be interchanged.
d. Voltage Check.
(1) Place all switches on the receiver panel
in the downward position. Remove cover.
(2) Connect the receiver to power, prefer-
ably with a test cord (such as Cord CD-786, one
end of which plugs into a receptacle on the
mounting and the other into the receiver under
test). Otherwise insert the receiver into a mount-
ing.
(3) Connect a 1000-ohms-per-volt volt-
meter of a vacuum-tube voltmeter (250- or 300-
volt scale) across capacitor C25, minus () to
the blue lead and plus (+) to the red-white lead.
(4) Turn the REC switch to ON. Observe the
wiring side of the chassis for smoke or sparks.
If any are observed, turn the REC switch to OFF
at once and check the set completely to remedy
the trouble. Then proceed with the following
tests:
Caution: High voltages are exposed.
(5) Make sure that, after the tubes are
warmed up, the potential across C25 is approxi-
mately 200 volts when the supply battery is in
good condition.
(6) Check the voltages at each terminal of
V6 (limiter) as shown in Fig. 57. The values
obtained should be reasonably close to those
specified for V6. Approximate agreement with
the values given in Fig. 57 indicates that normal
voltages are being supplied to a representative
tube.
e. Operation Check.
(1) Place all switches on the receiver panel
in the downward position. Replace cover.
(2) Insert the receiver into a mounting in
which a transmitter is mounted.
(3) Depress the first channel selector but-
tons on the transmitter and the receiver.
i
(4) Start the transmitter and the receiver.
switch on the transmitter to RECEIVER TUNE and
the TUNE-OPERATE switch on the receiver to
TUNE.
(6) Throw the SPEAKER switch to ON. If the
receiver is in the proper adjustment, and set for
the same frequencies as the transmitter, the dial
reading should agree with the channel in use;
and a beat note should be heard in the loud-
speaker.
( 7) If no beat note is heard, check the trans-
mitter and receiver controls to be sure that they
are in the positions specified and set for the same
frequency. If not, tune the receiver as described
in Paragraph 2lb.lt the settings are correct and
no beat note is heard, check the receiver in ac-
cordance with Paragraph 39.
7A
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TM 11-620
PARS. 30-31
IV. MAINTENANCE
(8) Throw the SQUELCH switch to ON and
observe that the CALL SIGNAL lamp remains
lighted. If necessary, adjust the SENSITIVITY con-
trol as described in Paragraph 20a(2).
(9) Repeat steps (5) through (7) for each
channel set up on the receiver. Turn the RECEIVER
TUNE-OPERATE switch on the transmitter back to
OPERATE whenever the output is not needed.
(10) Check the operation of the manual
tuning mechanism.
Switch to OPERATE.
switch of the transmitter to RECEIVER TUNE. Op-
erate the microphone push button and speak into
the microphone. Check the loudspeaker output
for normal volume and quality.
Note: The receiver output will be short-circuited
by the disabling relay S103 in the transmitter if
the RECEIVER TUNE-OPERATE Switch is at OPER-
ATE,
(13) Check the sidetbne volume in the head-
set (OUTPUT TO PHONES switch in the OFF po-
sition) while talking into the microphone. If
sidetone is not heard there may be trouble in
either the receiver or the transmitter. Check
them in accordance with Paragraph 39 or 40.
switch on the transmitter to OPERATE, operate
the microphone push button, and speak into the
microphone. The sidetone volume should be
satisfactory in the headset when the OUTPUT To
PHONES switch is set to ON.
(15) Release the microphone push button
and check the volume of noise in the headset.
Turn the SPEAKER switch to OFF and note that
the noise volume in the headset remains the same.
/. Lubrication of Push-button Mechanism.
Inspect the push-button mechanism occasionally.
The push-button plungers should be'lubricated
with a very small amount of Univis 40 oil, or its
equivalent. The rack and gears should be lubri-
cated with Univis 115 oil, or its equivalent. Use
pnly a slight amount of oil, since too much oil
may cause the plungers to stick under low-tem-
perature conditions. If it is found necessary to
clean the push-button mechanism, kerosene is
the preferred cleaning fluid. Under field condi-
tions, where the recommended lubricants may
not be available, cleaning should be done with
great care and lubricant omitted if the equip-
ment is to be used under low-temperature con-
ditions. Do not get oil on the locking wedge or
the friction washers.
31. Routine Check of Radio Transmitter
BC-684-A.
a. Cleaning and Inspecting.
(1) Remove the transmitter from the
mounting.
(2) Clean the case and the panel.
(3) Clean and inspect plug PGlOl. Make
certain that there is a slight play in the plug
mounting.
(4) Turn the transmitter upside down and
remove the bottom cover plate.
Important: After any repair, adjustment, or re-
placement of parts is made inside Radio Trans-
mitter BC-684-A, always take a reading with an
ohmmeter between coil L119 and ground. If
the reading is zero resistance you will burn out
resistor R119 as soon as you apply power. Be
careful.
(}) Inspect the bottom of the transmitter
for:
(a) Loose nuts, bolts, or screws.
(b) Loose or broken connections.
{c) Damaged or worn parts.
(d) Dirt.
(e) Excessive heating. Use your nose as
well as your eyes.
(6) Carefully inspect relays S102 and S103.
If either relay requires servicing, refer to Para-
graph 31/.
(7) Inspect the spring and roller guides
which keep the gang capacitor gear rack in place.
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SKX
TO V1O4
SECTION A-A
"
CD
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2 l
JL'li
Fig. 47. Radio Transmitter BC-684-A: Apparatus Location Diagram, End View and
Detail Through Section A-A
78
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Fig. 48. Radio Transmitter BC-684-A: Apparatus Location Diagram, Top View
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Fig. 49. Radio Transmitter BC-684-A: Apparatus Location Diagram, Front View
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TM 11-620
PAR. 31
IV. MAINTENANCE
(8) Clean the bottom of the transmitter.
(9) Replace the bottom cover plate and
turn the transmitter right side up.
(10) Remove the top cover plate and the
crystal storage drawer. See that the circuit label
is secure. (When the drawer has been pulled
out to its most extended position it can be re-
moved by raising the back portion and then ro-
tating the front upwards to clear the catch under
the back of the drawer.)
(11) Inspect the top of the transmitter for:
(a) Loose nuts, bolts, or screws.
(b) Loose or broken connections.
(c) Damaged or worn parts.
(d) Dirt.
(e) Excessive heating.
(12) Carefully inspect relay SlOl. If this
relay requires servicing, refer to Paragraph 3 1/.
(13) Clean the push-button assembly with
compressed air or a bellows. Use of an air hose
requires caution as noted in Paragraph '3Qa(5).
(14) Lubricate the push-button assembly as
directed in Paragraph
Caution: Do not get oil on the locking wedge or
friction washers.
Check each socket mounting screw
with a screwdriver.
Caution: Do not use abnormal force when tight-
ening the screws.
(16) Check the security of the grounding
points.
(1 7) Inspect the tube clamps.
b. Dynamotor Routine. The transmitter dyna-
motor may be serviced in accordance with Para-
graph 41. Make sure that the dynamotor voltage
rating is correct for the vehicle battery.
c. Vacuum Tube Check.
(1) Loosen the tube clamp and check the
power amplifier tube, V104, for tightness in its
socket.
(2) Remove the tube and clean its prongs.
(3) Repair or replace the socket if the con-
tact pins on the tube are not gripped properly by
the socket receptacles.
(4) Make sure that the tube is of the speci-
fied type, VT-165.
(5) Check the tube with a tube tester. Do
not neglect the short-circuit test.
(6) If the tube is satisfactory, put it back
in the socket from which it was taken and re-
tighten the tube clamp. (Otherwise install a new
tube.)
remaining tubes. The tubes in the remaining
sockets are marked VT-164. Replace each tube
in the socket from which it was removed.
d. Crystal Check.
(1) Open the crystal storage drawer and
the crystal operating compartment and check the
number of crystal holders issued.
(2) See that the required crystal holders are
properly placed in the crystal operating com-
partment.
(3) Check each operating crystal for firm-
ness in its socket.
(4) Replace the crystal storage drawer and
the crystal operating compartment cover plate.
e. Operation Check.
(1) Remount the transmitter and associated
receiver on the mounting in the vehicle.
1 (2) If radio transmission is not authorized,
remove the antenna lead from the TK binding
post on the mounting and connect Antenna
A-83 (phantom) to the A and G terminals on
the transmitter with short leads.
Note: If Antenna A-83 is not available, an an-
tenna constructed according to Fig. 77 may be
used. If, in an emergency, neither of these is
available, a 40-watt, 115-volt Mazda lamp may
be used. Notice, however, that neither the lamp
nor the antenna according to Fig. 77 closely
81
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Fig. 50. Radio Transmitter BC-684-A: Apparatus Location Diagram, Bottom View
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TM
PAR. 31
IV. MAINTENANCE
simulates the actual antenna; it is therefore
doubly important to readjust the antenna trim-
mers, as covered in paragraph (11) following,
after connecting to the real antenna.
(3) Plug in a microphone and a headset.
(4) Turn the transmitter and the receiver on
and note that the transmitter pilot lamp lights.
Throw the transmitter RECEIVER TUNE-
OPERATE switch to OPERATE and1 the receiver
OUTPUT TO PHONES Switch to OFF.
(6) Press the microphone button, observe
that the dynamotor starts, and talk into the micro-
phone.
(7) Note that sidetone is heard in the head-
set and that its volume may be varied by adjust-
ing the transmitter SIDETONE control.
(8) Tune the transmitter and the receiver
to the same channel and throw the OUTPUT TO
PHONES switch on the receiver to ON.
(9) Speak into the microphone and observe
that the speaker's voice is heard in the headset.
(10) Turn the SPEAKER switch to ON and
see that the speaker's voice is not heard. Throw
the RECEIVER TUNE-OPERATE switch on the trans-
mitter to RECEIVER TUNE and note the speech
output is then obtained from the loudspeaker.
Return to OPERATE at the transmitter.
(11) For each push button, check the meter
readings in accordance with Paragraph l9/>,
Table V, for each of the METER SWITCH posi-
tions (TUNE-ANT CUR switch on TUNE) and for
the ANT CUR position of the TUNE-ANT CUR
switch. It may be necessary to adjust the antenna
trimmers (C127 to C136) because of possible
differences between the real antenna and the
phantom antenna. There will be considerable
variation in meter readings among different
transmitters due to power supply, vacuum tube,
and circuit variations. Experience with a number
of transmitters is the best way to learn which
readings are satisfactory and which are not.
When the transmitter is set to RECEIVER TUNE
the meter current for METER SWITCH position 5
will rise to about twice that shown in Table V
and the current for METER SWITCH position 6
will drop to about half that shown in Table V.
Paragraph 40e gives further information on
these differences.
(12) If this check is made in cold weather,
notice that the thermostat which controls the
heaters in the crystal compartment operates at
approximately 70 degrees Fahrenheit.
/. Relay Maintenance.
(1) General. Burnish the relay contacts
with a burnishing tool or other thin flat piece of
smooth metal. Never use abrasive papers or
cloths. If the contacts become pitted, a fine file
may be used to remove the rougher spots, after
which the contacts should be burnished. Take
precautions against metallic filings falling or
being blown into the apparatus.
No provision is made for adjusting contacts
and it should not be necessary under ordinary
conditions. The contacts should be parallel when
brought together. If some special situation makes
it necessary to adjust the contacts, it is preferable
to bend the contact arm rather than the spring
(except for relay Sl0l).
Warning: The spring assembly of Si 02 is con-
nected to the vehicle battery even when the
transmitter ON-OFF switch is in the OFF posi-
tion and the green pilot light is extinguished.
If you find it necessary to work on this relay
be sure to disconnect the battery at plug
PC 101. If you don't, you are very likely to
destroy the relay; you may also get a nasty
burn on your hand.
(2) Antenna Switching Relay Si 01. The
contact springs are mounted on Isolantite bars
which are very brittle. Take care to avoid. strain-
ing or deforming these bars. If any bending ad-
justment is required, it should be made on the
springs. Keep the points clean.
(3) Dynamotor Starting Relay Si 02. Keep
the points clean at all times. When the relay is
released, the separation between points should
be approximately the thickness of a thin dime.
When the relay is operated, the armature travel
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PARS. 31-33
TM 11-620
should be somewhat more than the amount nec-
essary to close the points. Then the contact
springs will be bent slightly and will exert some
pressure to hold the points in good contact.
(4) Receiver Disabling Relay S103. The
points should be kept clean.
g. Lubrication of the Push-button Mech-
anism. Inspect push-button mechanisms occa-
sionally. Lubricate the push-button plungers
with a very small amount of Univis 40 oil, or its
equivalent, and the rack and gears with Univis
115 oil, or its equivalent. Use only a slight
amount of oil. Too much oil may cause the
plungers to stick under low-temperature condi-
tions. (Caution: Do not get oil on the locking
wedge or friction washers.) If necessary, clean
the push-button mechanism with kerosene.
Under field conditions, where the recommended
lubricants may not be available, cleaning should
be done with great care and lubricant omitted if
the equipment is to be used under low-tempera-
ture conditions.
32. Routine Check of System.
a. Inspection of Antenna System.
(1) See that Wire W-128 or Coaxial Cord
CO-282 between the antenna mast base and the
binding post of the mounting is properly sup-
ported and that the connections are firm and not
short-circuited.
(2) Be sure the proper antenna mast sec-
tions are installed and that their couplings are
firmly joined.
(3) Inspect the antenna mast base carefully.
Wipe off all dust and any vegetation that may
have caught in the springs. Flex the base to be
sure the springs are not broken and that the lead
to the radio equipment is in good order.
(4) Carefully inspect all ground straps, if
used, and all bolted connections in the ground
system. Tighten or resolder any doubtful con-
nections.
b. Talking Tests. Upon completion of the
routine tests described in Paragraphs 28 to 52,.-,
inclusive, it is desirable, if practicable to do so, to
talk between two vehicles. Make this test with
Antenna A-83 (phantom) instead of the regu-
lar radiating system to prevent excessive signal
radiation from either equipment. (If no Anten-
na A-83 is available, use an antenna constructed
according to Fig. 77; if this is not possible, use a
40-watt, 115-volt Mazda lamp.) A two-way con-
versation test should be made with vehicles
equipped with Radio Set SCR-608-A or Radio
Set SCR-628-A.
33. Emergency Check of Receiver Output Vol-
ume and Circuit Alignment.
a. General. When the testing equipment for
precision servicing of a receiver is not available,
make a rough check of the alignment of the re-
ceiver circuits. The tests described may be made
with the receiver mounted in the vehicle. Mis-
aligned circuits so found may be realigned with
a minimum of testing apparatus by following
the directions in Paragraph 34. The location of
the alignment controls is shown in Fig. 51.
b. Testing Apparatus Required.
1Radio Transmitter BC-684-A known to be in
good condition.
1Microphone T-17 or Microphone T-33.
1Output meter of Test Set I-56-(*) equipped
with a 3V^-foot assembly of Cordage CO-144
and Plug PL-55.
1 Volt-ohmmeter of Test Set I-56-(*), or a
1000-ohms-per-volt voltmeter, or a vacuum-
tube voltmeter, 3-volt scale.
c. Check of Output Volume.
(1) Install the transmitter on the mounting.
(2) Plug in a microphone and adjust the
transmitter and the receiver to the same channel
(the transmitter not operating).
(3) Connect the plug and cord assembly of
Test Set I-56-(*) to the and VM terminals of
the output meter, adjust the meter for the 15-
volt scale, and insert the plug into one of the
PHONES jacks on the receiver.
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TM 11-620
PAR. 33
IV. MAINTENANCE
(4) Turn the SPEAKER switch to ON,
throw the TUNE-OPERATE switch to OPERATE, the
OUTPUT TO PHONES switch to ON, and the
SQUELCH Switch to OFF. Adjust the SENSITIVITY
and VOLUME controls to the extreme right (max-
imum volume).
(5) Turn on the transmitter and the receiver
and, after the vacuum tubes are hot, throw the
RECEIVER TUNE-OPERATE switch on the trans-
mitter to RECEIVER TUNE.
(6) Operate the microphone switch and
whistle or shout for about three seconds into the
microphone. The output meter should indicate
12 volts or more; if it does not, check the receiver
in accordance with Paragraph 39. (Tune the re-
ceiver to the transmitter frequency.)
(7) Check the receiver VOLUME control by
turning the control to the extreme left while
whistling or shouting. The output meter read-
ing should decrease uniformly to 1.0 volt or
less; if it does not, it indicates that the VOLUME
control may be defective or the amplifiers may
be noisy.
d. Check of Circuit Alignment.
(1) Remove the receiver dust cover and
place the receiver in the right-hand position of
the mounting. Leave the left-hand position
vacant.
(2) Turn the SPEAKER switch to ON, throw
the TUNE-OPERATE switch to TUNE, and the
SQUELCH switch to ON. Adjust the SENSITIVITY
and VOLUME controls to the extreme right.
(3) Press any convenient channel push but-
ton on the transmitter. Operate both transmitter
and receiver ON-OFF switches to ON. Operate the
RECEIVER TUNE-OPERATE Switch to RECEIVER
TUNE.
(4) Manually tune the receiver to zero-beat
with the transmitter frequency. Make sure that
the CALL SIGNAL lamp lights. Read the setting
of the receiver dial.
(")) Carefully adjust the tuning dial to each
side of the zero-beat setting until the CALL SIG-
NAL lamp goes out. Note the two dial readings
at which the lamp goes out. The lamp should re-
main lighted over approximately three channel
divisions, and the zero-beat setting should be
close to the center of this tuning range.
(6) Set the SENSITIVITY control to the ex-
treme left (minimum sensitivity) and carefully
adjust the tuning dial to each side of the zero-
beat setting. The lamp should remain lighted
over approximately two channel divisions; and
the zero-beat setting should be at the center of
this tuning range, within plus or minus one-half
channel.
(7) If the zero-beat setting is found to be
not centered, in steps (5) and (6), obtain the
"reduced-voltage" points as described in Para-
graph 33f following and realign the circuits as
outlined in this paragraph.
e. Reduced-voltage Points.
(1) Connect the voltmeter across the limiter
cathode choke (L1), with the minus () ter-
minal of the meter connected to ground. (See
Fig. 51.)
(2) Turn the SPEAKER switch to OFF, set the
TUNE-OPERATE switch on OPERATE, and throw
the SQUELCH switch to OFF.
(3) With the transmitter operating on RE-
CEIVER TUNE, manually tune the receiver dial
for a maximum deflection of the voltmeter. Note
the voltmeter reading and the dial setting.
(4) Carefully adjust the tuning dial to each
side of the maximum voltmeter deflection until
the voltmeter indicates three fourths of the maxi-
mum deflection. Note the two dial readings so
obtained. These are the "reduced-voltage"
points. The dial should be found adjustable to
between plus or minus one-half and plus or
minus one channel division without reducing the
voltmeter indication to less than three fourths
of its maximum deflection.
(5) Throw the SPEAKER switch and the
SQUELCH switch to ON, and the TUNE-OPERATE
switch to TUNE.
85
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PARS. 33-34
TM 11-620
(6) Tune for zero beat with the transmitter
frequency. The zero-beat setting of the dial
should be centered between the "reduced-volt-
age" points. If the zero-beat setting is not
centered, the intermediate-frequency oscillator
should be adjusted as described in Paragraph 34.
If the zero-beat setting is centered with respect
to the "reduced-voltage" points but not centered
with respect to the dial settings at which the CALL
SIGNAL lamp goes out, realign the discriminator
circuit, FL4, as described in Paragraph 34.
34. Emergency Alignment of Radio Receiver
BC-683-A.
a. General. When a receiver is found to be
out of alignment it can be put into serviceable
condition if another receiver or another trans-
mitter in good condition is available. Whenever
possible, check such emergency alignment in ac-
cordance with Paragraph 37. The method using
a good receiver is described first as it permits
alignment of all stages.
b. Method Using Good Receiver.
(1) Testing Apparatus Required. The fol-
lowing testing equipment is required:
1Radio Receiver BC-683-A known to be in
good condition.
1-Mounting FT-273-(*).
1Insulated 1/^-inch hexagon socket wrench.
1Resistor, 1000 ohms (not critical), equipped
with clips. (To avoid accidental short cir-
cuits, the clips should be insulated, if pos-
sible.)
1Voltmeter of Test Set I-56-(*) or other volt-
meter of 1000 ohms or more per volt, equip-
ped with approximately 3-foot leads (prefer-
ably twisted), and clips.
1Twisted pair (one wire with tracer) about
3 feet long, with clips on both ends, one
wire to have a capacitor of 0.001 microfarad
or larger between the wire and the clip.
1Wire about eight inches long, with clips at
both ends.
3Wires each about one inch long, with a clip
at each end of each wire.
1-Cord CD-786.
Caution: When connecting or disconnecting
these wires, turn the receiver off each time to
avoid shocks or equipment damage.
(2) Preliminary Steps. The following steps
in receiver alignment are divided functionally for
convenience in description and understanding;
but remember that in most cases a change in the
alignment of any of the parts involves checking
the adjustment of the other parts. The receiver
under test will be referred to as the "trouble"
receiver in the following discussion.
(a) Remove the covers from both re-
ceivers.
(b) Place all switches at OFF (or down-
ward) in both sets. (The SQUELCH switch may
have to be turned on subsequently as explained
in paragraph (3)(a) following.)
(c) Secure the good receiver in the right-
hand position of the mounting. Apply appropri-
ate power to the trouble receiver by means of
Cord CD-786 or equivalent.
(d) Turn both sets on and set the TUNE-
OPERATE switches at TUNE.
(e) Allow both sets 10 to 15 minutes to
warm up.
(f) Connect both chassis together using
one wire of the above twisted pair. Use the wire
which does not have the capacitor in series.
(3) Tuning of the I-f Oscillator and the
I-f Amplifier Tuned Circuits FLlA, FL2A, and
FL3A. A signal from the intermediate-frequency
oscillator in the good receiver is picked up by
connecting the 0.001-microfarad capacitor
(which is attached to the twisted pair as just de-
scribed) to terminal 7 of FL4 of the good re-
ceiver. The other end of the wire in series with
the capacitor goes to the control grid (terminal
4) of the modulator (V2) in the trouble re-
ceiver, step (c). This tone passes through the
intermediate-frequency amplifier and is used to
beat with the intermediate-frequency oscillator
in the trouble receiver. Thus this intermediate-
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TM 11-620
PAR. 34
IV. MAINTENANCE
frequency oscillator can be tuned to zero-beat
with that in the good receiver. As a quantitative
indicator for tuning the intermediate-frequency
circuits, a 3-volt (1000-or-more-ohms-per-volt)
voltmeter is bridged across L1, step (e). A
rough adjustment of FL1A, FL2A, FL3A, step
(f), may be necessary in order to pass enough
intermediate-frequency tone for beating with the
intermediate-frequency oscillator. Unless the in-
termediate-frequency amplifier in the good re-
ceiver is shorted, step (b), noise will be super-
imposed on the test signal. In order to avoid
undesirable interference in the alignment, the
radio-frequency oscillator in the trouble receiver
is disabled by increasing the bias on the grid,
step (a). In order to avoid flattened response
and consequent errors in alignment, the delayed-
automatic-volume-control load resistor, R14, is
shorted, step (a). It may be necessary to turn the
SQUELCH switch to ON and adjust the SENSITIV-
ITY control until an accurate tuning indication is
obtained. In aligning the secondary of an FL unit
a 1000-ohm resistor is connected across the pri-
mary to improve the accuracy of the adjustment.
Similarly, in aligning the primary the resistoi is
connected across the secondary.
(a) Short-circuit R14 of the trouble re-
ceiver. Also connect terminal 5 of V 3 to C25
the side to which blue-tracer wires are attached.
(It may be necessary to turn the SQUELCH switch
to ON and adjust the SENSITIVITY control to ob-
tain a usable reading on the voltmeter when
tuning the FL units.)
(b) Short terminals 1 and 2 of FL3A of
the good receiver with a short clip lead.
(c) Connect terminal 7 of FL4 in the
good receiver through the series capacitor to
terminal 4 of V2 in the trouble receiver. Use for
this the remaining wire of the twisted pair, the
wire which has the capacitor in series. The un-
twisted part at the ends should be as short as
possible. The capacitor should be nearest to the
good receiver.
(d) Place the SPEAKER switch of the
trouble receiver at ON.
(e) Clip the 3-volt meter across L1 of
the trouble receiver with the negative side on
the ground lug.
(f) If the receiver is seriously misaligned,
obtain a rough alignment by adjusting the slugs
in FL3A, FL2A, and FLlA, in that order, for
maximum meter reading. (The 1000-ohm shunt
is not used in this procedure.)
Note: If no change in meter reading is observed
when the slugs of FL3A are adjusted, turn the
good receiver on and off and note the deflection
of the meter. If this does not cause any change
in deflection the trouble receiver may be faulty
and require service. If the deflection is too small
for satisfactory reading, the connection at ter-
minal 7 of FL4 may be moved to terminal 2 of
FL4 to obtain a larger reading for the prelim-'
inary adjustment. After that preliminary adjust-
ment it should be returned to terminal 7 of FL4
which gives a signal strength more appropriate
for the subsequent tests.
Caution: The lock washers on the tuning slugs
of the tuned circuits may be damaged by turning
the slugs in too far. When any adjustment of
these units is made, make sure that the tuning
slugs bind sufficiently to insure permanency of
setting. If they feel loose during adjustment,
tighten the lock washers by turning them to the
right with a small screwdriver.
(g) Align LCU4 of the trouble receiver
for zero-beat and turn the TUNE-OPERATE switch
tO OPERATE.
(h) Clip the 1000-ohm resistor across ter-
minals 3 and 4 of FL3A. Adjust the primary
slug (P) for maximum meter reading.
(i) Remove the 1000-ohm resistor and
clip it across terminals 1 and 2 of FL3 A and ad-
just the secondary slug (s) for maximum meter
reading.
(j) Repeat step (h) for FL2A.
(k) Repeat step (i) for FL2A.
(1) Repeat step (j) for FL1A.
(m) Repeat step (k) for FL1A and re-
move the 1000-ohm resistor when the alignment
is completed.
(n) It is advisable to check all adjust-
ments, especially that of LCU4.
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PAR. 34
TM 11-620
(4) Tuning of FL4: The Discriminator Cir-
cuit. The voltmeter is connected across the dis-
criminator load resistors, step (a). The second-
ary is adjusted for zero d-c output in this meter,
step (b). As the secondary slug is adjusted
through the proper point, the d-c reading will
change polarity. The automatic volume control
is restored to operation and the delay bias re-
moved, step (c), and the meter is connected
across the resistor (R38) in the plate circuit of
V1, step (e), thus giving an indication of auto-
matic-volume-control action amplified through
VI. The primary of FL4 can then be adjusted
for a minimum reading in the meter. The 1000-
ohm shunt is used across the output of FLlA,
step (d), to control the gain.
(a) Remove the meter and bridge it
across terminals 3 and 7 of FL4. Polarity of the
meter cannot be specified as it will depend on
the adjustment.
(b) Align the secondary of FL4 for zero
reading on the meter. Note that as the slug is
varied in either direction from the zero reading,
the alignment meter should move up scale for
one direction and down scale for the other.
(c) Remove the short from R14, and
ground terminal 1 of FL4.
(d) Place the 1000-ohm shunt between
terminals 3 and 4 of FLlA.
(e) Remove the meter and bridge it be-
tween terminals 2 and 3 of LCU2A, the posi-
tive lead going to terminal 3- It may be neces-
sary to use the 30-volt scale.
(f ) Align the primary of FL4 for mini-
mum meter reading.
(g) Remove both the 1000-ohm shunt
and the meter.
(h) Remove the short between C25 and
terminal 5 of V3.
(i) Remove the lead from terminal 4 of
V2 of the trouble receiver, and from terminal 7
of FL4 of the good receiver.
(j) Remove the short between terminal
1 of FL4 and ground.
Tuning of the R-f Oscillator, Assum-
ing the Intermediate Frequency to be Exactly
2.65 MC. This involves beating the radio-fre-
quency oscillator of the trouble receiver with
that of the good receiver to give zero-beat in the
loudspeaker. The stray pickup in the trouble
receiver from the good receiver is sufficient so
that no direct connection of the radio frequency
between the two receivers is required. The inter-
mediate-frequency oscillator of the trouble re-
ceiver has been adjusted and is thus suitable for
beating purposes. The meter is bridged across
L11 , step (a), as an indicator to show when the
current through the intermediate-frequency am-
plifier is increasing even though the frequencies
are not close enough together to give an audible
beat. It is left in this position to show when
LCUlA and LCU2A are properly adjusted. The
short is placed across R14, step (b), to avoid a
flattened response curve, as discussed in Para-
graph 34b(3). The intermediate-frequency os-
cillator is turned on, step (c), to provide a beat-
note. At the upper end of the scale the oscillator
is set by adjusting the trimmer C1.7 to give zero-
beat in the loudspeaker. Since the intermediate
frequency is nominally 2.65 megacycles, there
must be a corresponding difference between the
two oscillators involved in order to produce a
beat tone which will pass through the interme-
diate-frequency amplifier. For the high-frequency
end of the scale, set the trouble receiver dial at
39 megacycles and set the good receiver dial at
(39 2.65 =) 36.35 megacycles. Then the trim-
mer, C1.7, is set for zero-beat in the loudspeaker.
For the low-frequency end of the scale set the
good receiver dial at 27 megacycles and the
trouble receiver at 29.65 megacycles. With this
setting the slug in LCU3A is set for zero-beat.
These two adjustments are then made alternately
until the oscillator "tracks" satisfactorily at both
ends of the band.
(a) Bridge the meter across L1 (negative
terminal toward ground).
(b) Place a short across resistor Rl4.
(c) Place the TUNE-OPERATE switch of
the trouble receiver at TUNE and throw the TUNE-
OPERATE switch in the good receiver to OPERATE.
(d) Assuming the intermediate fre-
quency to be 2.65 megacycles, set the good re-
88
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TM 11-620 IV. MAINTENANCE PAR. 34
ceiver at (39 2.65 =) 36.35 megacycles and ceiver. (If the beat note cannot be found readily,
the trouble receiver at 39 megacycles. due to insufficient pickup, connect the bared end
(e) Adjust the radio-frequency oscillator of a piece of insulated wire to the A post of
trimmer capacitor C1.7 of the trouble receiver the trouble receiver and extend it across the top
to give zero-beat in the loudspeaker. of the good receiver to act as an antenna. Remove
(f) Still assuming the intermediate fre- this wire when the observation is complete.)
quency to be 2.65 megacycles, set the good re- This dial setting should be between 35.6 and
ceiver at 27 megacycles and the trouble receiver 35.7 megacycles. This allows for the 0.05-mega-
at (27 + 2.65 =) 29-65 megacycles, and, in the cycle tolerance at (33 + 2.65 =) 35.65 mega-
same way, adjust the slug in LCU3A for zero- cycles. If it falls within that range, the radio-
beat. frequency oscillator is properly tuned and no
(g) Repeat the preceding two steps until further work on it is necessary. If not, steps (d)
the radio-frequency oscillator tracks at both ends through (g) should be followed. Assume, as an
of the band. example, that the two dial settings giving zero-
(6) Check of the Intermediate Frequency beat were 3-35 and 35-35 megacycles. Half the
and Readjustment of the R-f Oscillator. In the difference between these frequencies represents
foregoing procedure it was assumed that both the the true intermediate frequency which, in this
intermediate-frequency amplifier stages and the examp'e, comes out as 2.5 megacycles. This
intermediate-frequency oscillator were adjusted figure 1S en used instead of 2-65 in stePs (d) to
to exactly 2.65 megacycles. Actually, a variation (g) Ordinarily, the necessary correction will be
in this frequency over a moderate range will not obtained by a slight change in the trimmer C1.7
interfere with satisfactory operation as long as at the high end of the scale- The procedure to be
the adjustment of the radio-frequency oscillator followed if a correction is necessary is described
is consistent with the intermediate frequency. m stePs (a) through (g).
For example, if the dial of the trouble receiver (a) Set the dial of the trouble receiver
is set at 39 when the intermediate-frequency am- to 33 megacycles.
plifier (and oscillator) circuits of the good re- (b) Adjust the dial of the good receiver
ceiver and the trouble receiver are tuned for to give zero-beat at approximately 30.35 mega-
2.5 megacycles, then set the dial of the good re- cycles and note the dial reading at which it occurs.
ceiver at (39 2.5 = ) 36.5 megacycles for (c) Leaving the trouble receiver tuned to
aligning the radio-frequency oscillator in the 3 3 megacycles, retune the good receiver to obtain
trouble receiver. Otherwise, the dial calibration the (somewhat weaker) beat note between 35
will not be correct. For this reason, it is desirable and 36 megacycles. Note the dial reading.
to make the following tests which supplement (d) By subtraction, obtain the difference
Paragraph $4b(5) rather than supersede it. The between the two dial readings obtained in steps
trouble receiver is set (in the middle of the (b) and (c).
range) at 33 megacycles and the good receiver (e) Divide this difference by two.
is adjusted to a frequency which will give zero- (f ) The value obtained in this way is the
beat with the intermediate-frequency oscillator actual intermediate frequency.
in the trouble receiver. The reading on the dial of (g) Repeat the alignment procedure,
the good receiver should .be very close to (33 (5)(&) through (g), for the radio-frequency
2.6-5 =) 30.35 megacycles. (This reading serves oscillator, using this value in place of 2.65 mega-
as a guide. The second beat, to be obtained near cycles,
35.65, is a better indication of the accuracy of (h) Make certain that the radio-fre-
adjustment.) A similar beat, though not so quency oscillator tracks at both ends of the band.
strong, can be obtained by tuning the good re- (i) Remove the short from terminals 1
ceiver the same distance above the trouble re- and 2 of FL3A in the good receiver.
652334 O - 45 - 7
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PAR. 34
TM 11-620
(j) Replace the cover on the good re-
ceiver.
(7) Adjusting LCUlA and LCU2A. In tun-
ing the radio-frequency circuits a shunt is placed
across FL1A, step (a), to avoid limiting action.
Also, R14 is shorted and the SQUELCH switch
turned to ON for the reasons just discussed. If
the trouble receiver is not in a mounting, the
ground on the primary at LCUlA is floating.
Therefore, terminal 2 of LCUlA must be shorted
directly to ground, step (b). Also, short the an-
tenna post (terminal 3 of LCUlA) to terminal
2 and ground, step (b), as its effect on the ad-
justment of the secondary would be noticeable if
it were allowed to float. Without the ground, this
floating condition would exist as there is no ter-
mination across the primary of LCUlA when we
are relying on stray pickup for the test signal.
For preliminary alignment, at the top of the fre-
quency band, adjust the trimmers C1.1, C1.3,
and Cl.5 to give maximum reading in the meter;
at the bottom of the band, adjust the slugs of
LCUlA and LCU2A for maximum meter read-
ing. For final alignment, the 1000-ohm shunt
should be removed, the good receiver turned
off, and the final alignment of LCUlA and
LCU2A made on noise alone at both ends of the
scale. This procedure is given as step (k).
(a) Place a 1000-ohm shunt between ter-
minals 1 and 2 of FL1A. Connect the 3-volt meter
across Ll of the receiver with the negative side
on ground lug. Short R14.
(b) Short terminals 3 and 2 of LCUlA
to ground, using the shortest wires.
(c) Set the dial of the trouble receiver
to 39 megacycles.
(d) Tune the good receiver at approxi-
mately 36.35 megacycles on the dial to give a
beat note on the loudspeaker.
(e) Align C1.1, C1.3, and C1.5 for max-
imum reading on the meter.
(f) Set the dial of the good receiver at
27 megacycles.
(g) Tune the trouble receiver at approx-
imately 29.65 megacycles to give a beat note.
(h) Adjust the slugs in both the primary
and secondary of LCU2A and the slug in LCUlA
for maximum reading of the meter.
(i) Repeat steps (c) through (h) until
these units track at both ends of the band. (This
completes the rough adjustment.)
(j) Turn the good receiver off. Turn
the SQUELCH switch of the trouble receiver to
OFF. Remove the 1000-ohm shunt from FLlA of
the trouble receiver.
(k) Repeat the alignment steps for
LCUlA and LCU2A using noise background
alone for maximum meter reading at both ends
of the dial (27 and 39 megacycles).
(1) Remove the short circuit from Rl4.
Remove also the meter, and the short circuits
from terminals 3 and 2 of LCUlA to ground.
(m) Replace all cover plates securely.
(n) Replace the dust cover.
(o) Reset the push buttons using a trans-
mitter as described in Paragraph 2 la.
(p) Place the set in its installation and
trim C1.l.
c. Method Using Transmitter.
(1) General. One, or possibly two, mis-
aligned circuits in a receiver can be roughly
aligned with the remaining circuits of the re-
ceiver, in an emergency, by using an associated
transmitter, or the transmitter in a nearby ve-
hicle, as a source of testing frequency. Such an
emergency alignment should be checked in ac-
cordance with Paragraph 37 as soon as prac-
ticable. Alignment of the radio-frequency oscil-
lator unit (LCU3A) should not be attempted by
this method. In the instructions which follow,
it is assumed that the radio-frequency oscillator
is functioning properly.
It is also assumed here that the source of radio-
frequency testing frequency is the associated
transmitter. Modifications to adapt the method
to the use of a transmitter in a nearby vehicle
are obvious. (For example, when the local trans-
mitter is used, the RECEIVER TUNE-OPERATE
switch is turned to RECEIVER TUNE, whereas it
it is turned to OPERATE when another vehicle is
used.)
Note: During the following tests, operate the
90
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TM 11-620
PAR. 34
IV. MAINTENANCE
transmitter dynamotor only when reading the
meter or making an adjustment which requires
power from the dynamotor.
(2) Testing Apparatus Required.
1Radio Transmitter BC-684-A known to be
in good condition.
1Mounting FT-237-(*).
1Volt-ohmmeter of Test Set I-56-(*), or a
1000-ohm-per-volt voltmeter, or a vacuum-
tube voltmeter. Meter to have a 3-volt scale
and also a 10- o: 30-volt scale.
1Insulated 1^-inch hexagon socket wrench.
1IRC BT-1/^, 5000-ohm resistor or its equiva-
lent with clips and short leads.
1500-micromicrofarad mica capacitor with
small clips and very short leads.
2Wires, each ll/2-inches long, with a small
clip on each end of each wire.
1Wire, 6-inches long, with small clip on each
end.
(3) Emergency'Alignment of I-f Oscillator.
Align a defective or replacement LCU4 tuning
unit as follows:
(a) Install transmitter and receiver on
the mounting. Place the receiver in the right-
hand position.
(b) Find the "reduced-voltage" points
as directed by Paragraph 33*, and make your set-
ting halfway between.
(c) Remove the cover plate which per-
mits access to the adjusting screw in LCU4.
(d) Vary the setting of this screw until
a beat note is heard. Carefully adjust for zero-
beat. This step brings the replacement tuning
unit, J.CU4, into alignment with the intermedi-
ate-frequency amplifier.
(4) Emergency Alignment of I-f Amplifier.
Emergency alignment of an intermediate-fre-
quency filter unit (FLlA, FL2A, FL3A) may be
accomplished as follows:
(a) Install the transmitter and the re-
ceiver in the mounting, with the receiver in the
right-hand position.
(b) Connect the voltmeter (3-volt scale)
across the limiter cathode choke, L1, as shown
in Fig. 51.
(c) Disable the automatic-volume-con-
trol circuit by short-circuiting resistor R14. Use
the short jumper wire with a clip on each end.
(d) Using the 6-inch jumper, wind a coil
of four turns of l/^-inch diameter about l/2-'ndi
long. Connect this coil between terminal 4 (con-
trol grid) of modulator tube V2 and the adja-
cent socket ground terminal. This shunt is to
reduce the input to the intermediate-frequency
amplifier to a point where the action of the lim-
iter circuits will not mask the tuning point during
tests. It may be found necessary to adjust the
number of turns or the spacing to secure suit-
able values, step (h).
(e) Turn the receiver ON-OFF switch to
ON; the TUNE-OPERATE switch to TUNE; the
SPEAKER switch to ON; the SQUELCH switch to
OFF; the VOLUME control to the extreme right.
Release the tuning dial by depressing one of the
CHANNEL SELECTOR push buttons part way.
(f) Adjust the transmitter to a channel
near the 27-megacycle end of its frequency range.
Turn the transmitter on. Place the RECEIVER
TUNE-OPERATE Switch On RECEIVER TUNE.
(g) After the receiver has had time to
warm up, carefully adjust the receiver dial (use
the same setting as on the transmitter) for zero-
beat with the transmitter signal and note the
maximum deflection of the voltmeter as the dial
is tuned through the zero-beat point. The meter
deflection should decrease as the dial is varied
to either side of zero-beat. Restore the zero-beat
adjustment after completing the observation.
(h) Remove the coil from V2 and note
the reading of the voltmeter. The voltmeter
reading with the coil in place should not be more
than three fourths of the reading with the coil
removed. If it is more, adjust the spacing of ihe
turns or change the number of turns until a satis-
factory reading is obtained.
(i) Replace the coil.
(j) Detune the receiver by several chan-
nels (to a point where no signals are being re-
ceived) and note the minimum voltmeter read-
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PAR. 34
TM 11-620
ing. (The voltmeter is effective as a tuning indi-
cator only if its deflection is kept between the
minimum value and the "three-fourths" reading,
step (h). Therefore, keep the deflection within
this range at all times during this procedure.)
(k) Remove the cover plates from the
tuning unit (FL1A, FL2A, or FL3A) to be
aligned.
(1) Adjust the P (primary) and s (sec-
ondary) adjusting screws of the tuning unit for
a rough approximation of the maximum volt-
meter deflection.
(m) Connect the 5000-ohm resistor be-
tween terminals 3 and 4 of the tuning unit being
adjusted.
(n) Adjust the P screw for a maximum
voltmeter reading. See the Note following step
(P)-
(o) Remove the resistor from terminals
3 and 4 and connect it between terminals 1 and 2.
(p) Adjust the s screw for maximum
voltmeter reading.
Note: Check the zero-beat setting occasionally
as the work progresses. Also, keep the voltmeter
within the limits given in step (j) by adjusting
the shunting coil as necessary. Remove the coil
and the 5000-ohm resistor.
(5) Emergency Alignment of R-f Amplifier.
Make an emergency alignment of a radio-fre-
quency tuning unit (LCUlA or LCU2A) as
follows:
across the limiter cathode choke, L11, as shown in
Fig. 5l.
(d) Connect the 500-micromicrofarad
capacitor between terminals 1 and 2 of filter unit
FLlA. (The capacitor reduces the signal input
to the intermediate-frequency amplifier suffici-
ently to prevent limiter action from masking the
desired tuning point in the test.)
(e) Remove the cover plates from the
LCUlA and LCU2A tuning units and from the
trimmer capacitors, C1.3, C1.5, and C1.7. (The
cover plate of C1.7 is beside C24.)
Caution: Do not disturb the setting of the oscilla-
tor trimmer capacitor C1.7 during this alignment.
(f) Turn the SPEAKER switch to ON, set
the TUNE-OPERATE switch to TUNE, and turn the
SQUELCH switch to OFF. Turn the VOLUME con-
trol to the extreme right.
(g) Adjust the transmitter for operation
near the 39-megacycle end of its frequency range
and start the transmitter and the receiver. Place
the transmitter in the RECEIVER TUNE condition.
(h) After the receiver has warmed up,
carefully adjust the receiver dial for zero-beat
with the transmitter (the receiver dial should
read the frequency to which the transmitter is
set). Adjust each of trimmer capacitors C1.l
C1,3, and C1.5, for maximum voltmeter deflec-
tion. If the 500-micromicrofarad capacitor
bridged across terminals 1 and 2 of FLlA has
not reduced the signal strength (from the trans-
mitter) sufficiently to. obtain a good range of
meter deflection, a further reduction may be ob-
tained by connecting that capacitor across ter-
minals 1 and 2 of either FL2A or FL3A instead
of FL1A. When the trimmers are properly set,
the voltmeter deflection decreases as the set is
detuned from the zero-beat point.
(i) Remove the 500-micromicrofarad
capacitor shunt from terminals 1 and 2 of the
filter unit shunted as called for in step (g). The
voltmeter reading with the capacitor in place
should be not more than three fourths of the
reading with the capacitor removed. If it is more,
the capacitor leads are too long, or the clips are
not making good contact.
(j) Replace the capacitor and trim the
settings of C1.1, C1.3, and Cl.5, if necessary.
(k) Operate the transmitter near the 27-
megacycle end of its frequency range and care-
fully adjust the receiver to zero-beat with the
transmitter. The reading of the receiver dial
should correspond with the transmitter fre-
quency.
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CONNECTIONS OF SIGNAL GENERATOR
FOR I-F CIRCUIT ALIGNMENT:
HIGH SIDE GROUND SIDE
REMOVE COVER FOR
TRIMMER ADJUSTMENT
CONNECT + SIDE OF (OOO-OHM-PER-VOLT VOLTMETER TO THIS POINT WHEN VOLT-
METER IS USED AS A TUNING INDICATOR FOR EMERGENCY ALIGNMENT PROCEDURE
NOTES:
1. WHEN THE SHUNTING RESISTOR IS CONNECTED
ACROSS TERMINALS I AND 2, ADJUST SCREW'S".
2. WHEN THE SHUNTING RESISTOR IS CONNECTED
ACROSS TERMINALS 3 AND 4, ADJUST SCREW "P".
(THE ADJUSTING SCREWS REFERRED TO IN NOTES
I AND 2 ARE ACCESSIBLE THROUGH THE TOP OF
THE FILTER COVER ON THE OTHER SIDE OF THE
CHASSIS, AND THE SHUNTING RESISTOR IS CON-
NECTED AS DESCRIBED IN PARAGRAPHS 34 b,
34C, AND 37d).
3. ADJUSTING SCREWS ARE ACCESSIBLE THROUGH
THE COVER ON THE OTHER SIDE OF THE
CHASSIS.
4. CONNECT THE HIGH SIDE OF THE SIGNAL-GEN-
ERATOR OUTPUT TO TERMINAL 6 OF FL3 THROUGH
A 0.OO6-MF MICA CAPACITOR FOR DISCRIMINATOR
(FL4) ADJUSTMENT.
CONNECT THE LOW SIDE OF THE SIGNAL GENER-
ATOR TO CHASSIS.
Fig. 51. Radio Receiver BC-683-A: Location of Alignment and Tuning Controls
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TM 11-620
PARS. 34-35
IV. MAINTENANCE
(1) Adjust the P (primary) and s (sec-
ondary) adjusting screws in tuning unit LCU2A
and the single adjusting screw in LCUlA for
maximum deflection of the voltmeter.
(m) Readjust the transmitter and re-
ceiver to the higher test frequency and trim
Cl.l, Cl.3, and C1.5 for maximum voltmeter
deflection.
(n) Check back and forth between the
two test frequencies, repeating steps (1) and
(m) until no further improvement can be made.
(o) Restore the receiver to normal and
check the antenna trimmer capacitor as described
in Paragraph
(6) Emergency Alignment of Discrimina-
tor. Align a discriminator filter unit (FL4) in an
emergency as follows:
across the limiter cathode choke, L11, as shown
in Fig. 5l.
(d) Connect the 500-micromicrofarad
capacitor between terminals 1 and 2 of filter unit
FL2A. (The capacitor reduces the signal input
to the intermediate-frequency amplifier suffici-
ently to prevent limiter action from masking the
desired tuning point in the test.)
(e) Remove the cover plate from filter
FL4.
(f) Turn the SPEAKER switch to ON,
turn the TUNE-OPERATE switch to TUNE, and
turn the SQUELCH switch to OFF. Turn the VOL-
UME control to the extreme right.
(g) Adjust the transmitter for operation
near the 27-megacycle end of its frequency range
and start the transmitter and the receiver. Place
the transmitter in the RECEIVER TUNE condition.
(h) After the receiver has warmed up,
carefully adjust the receiver tuning dial for zero-
beat with the transmitter frequency. Observe that
zero-beat occurs at maximum deflection of the
voltmeter and note the maximum reading.
(i) Remove the capacitor from FL2A
and note the new voltmeter reading. The volt-
meter reading with the capacitor connected to
FL2A should not exceed three fourths of the
reading with the capacitor removed. If it does,
the capacitor leads are too long, or the clips are
not making good contact.
(j) Reconnect the capacitor to terminals
1 and 2 of FL2A.
(k) Ground terminal 1 of FL4 to the
chassis with a short jumper wire. Remove the
voltmeter from across Ll and connect it between
terminals 3 and 7 of filter FL4 (10-volt or 30-
volt scale, + terminal to terminal 3 of the filter).
(1) Check the zero-beat setting of the
dial while observing the voltmeter. The meter
should read zero at zero-beat and reverse polar-
ity as the receiver is tuned through the zero-beat
point. If this is not the case, align the secondary
by adjusting the s (secondary) adjusting screw
for zero voltmeter reading.
(m) Remove the voltmeter from FL4
and connect it (3-volt scale) between terminals
2 and 3 of tuning unit LCU2A (+ terminal of
voltmeter to terminal 3 of LCU2A). Remove the
short circuit from resistor R14.
(n) Adjust the P (primary) screw in fil-
ter FL4 for a minimum deflection of the volt-
meter.
(o) Reconnect the voltmeter (10-volt or
30-volt scale) to terminals 3 and 7 of FL4 and
recheck the adjustment of screw s in FL4 as in
step (1).
(p) Restore the receiver to normal.
35. Emergency Alignment of Radio Transmit-
ter BC-684-A.
a. General. The test procedures described
hereafter are intended to apply when it is neces-
sary to replace one or more transmitter com-
ponents which are likely to affect alignment of
the transmitter tuned circuits and a precision
wavemeter is not available for use. The critical
components are: coils L101, L103A, L104,
L105A, L106, L107, L108, and L110; the ganged
adjustable capacitor assembly C106, C113, C115,
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PAR. 35
TM 11-620
C119, C125, C152, and C156; and trimmer ca-
pacitors C107 (if used in the transmitter under
test), C1 14, C116, C120, C126, C153, and C157.
Replacement of capacitor C147 or the channel
seleaor assembly also necessitates checking
alignment of the circuits. The location of the
alignment controls for the transmitter is shown
in Fig. 52.
Note: During the following tests operate .the
dynamotor only when reading the meter or
making an adjustment which requires power
from the dynamotor. Paragraph 2Qb should be
read and understood before the following or
other servicing tests are made.
1Narrow-blade (V^-inch) screwdriver or, pref-
erably, a long-handled hexagon adjusting
tool.
1Rule (6-inches long x A-inch wide).
c. Preliminary to Alignment. It is desirable
to check the operation of the oscillator and
metering circuits prior to emergency alignment
of the transmitter circuits. This may be done as
follows:
(1) Insert a low-numbered and a high-
numbered crystal (preferably Channel 270 and
Channel 389) in sockets numbered 1 and 10,
respectively, in the crystal operating compart-
ment.
(2) Set the METER SWITCH to position 2
(first radio-frequency amplifier grid current),
turn the TUNE-ANT CUR switch to TUNE, and
unlock the channel selector. This is described in
Paragraph 21a.
(3) Press CHANNEL SELECTOR push button
no. 1, start the transmitter, and operate the RE-
CEIVER TUNE-OPERATE Switch to RECEIVER TUNE.
(4) Observe the reading on the panel meter.
(5) Repeat steps (3) and (4) for push but-
ton no. 10. If meter readings are noted for both
these frequencies the oscillator is operating
properly.
d. Emergency Alignment of R-f Amplifier.
(1) In later transmitters C107 has been
omitted, but if there is a C107 in the transmitter
under test, see that it is set to the minimum ca-
pacitance position (open end of slot to left as
viewed from the front of the transmitter).
.(2) Press CHANNEL SELECTOR push-button
no. 10. Set the METER SWITCH to position 3
(grid current of rectifier) and the RECEIVER
TUNE-OPERATE Switch to RECEIVER TUNE.
(3) Adjust the gang capacitor assembly for
maximum deflection of the meter.
(4) Press push button no. 1 and repeat step
(3).
(5) Carefully release push button no. 1,
carefully turn the gang capacitor control to the
extreme front, and lock the selector unit as also
described in Paragraph 2 la.
(6) Check the CHANNEL SELECTOR adjust-
ments by pressing the no. 1 and no. 10 push but-
tons and observing the maximum meter deflec-
tion at each frequency as the gang capacitor
assembly is rotated slightly against the restoring
force of the selector. Do not attempt to rotate
the capacitor assembly more than a few degrees.
The test meter should indicate a maximum at the
settings determined by the selector. If this is not
the case, repeat steps (2) through (6) until you
obtain the proper adjustment of the selector.
e. Emergency Alignment of Rectifier. Since
the filters following the rectifier are primarily
intended for selection of the correct crystal har-
monic frequency, it is important that these cir-
cuits be disturbed as little as possible when re-
placing components which affect the alignment.
(1) If L118 or L119 has been replaced,
adjust the tuning slugs to about % inch from
the open end of the coil as measured with the
scale mentioned in Paragraph 35&.
(grid current of tripler).
(3) Start the transmitter at the high-fre-
quency end of its range (by pressing the appro-
priate CHANNEL SELECTOR push button and
96
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TM 11-620
PAR. 35
IV. MAINTENANCE
throwing the RECEIVER TUNE-OPERATE switch to
RECEIVER TUNE) .
(4) Adjust C153 and C157, respectively,
for maximum deflection of the meter.
()) Adjust the transmitter to the low-fre-
quency end of its range (by pressing the appro-
priate CHANNEL SELECTOR push button and
throwing the RECEIVER TUNE-OPERATE switch to
RECEIVER TUNE) and adjust L119 and.L1l8, in
turn, for maximum meter deflection.
(6) Repeat steps (3), (4), and (5) until
no further increase in meter deflection can be
obtained.
(7) Start a nearby receiver, throw the
SPEAKER switch to ON, the TUNE-OPERATE Switch
to TUNE, and the SQUELCH switch to ON. Adjust
the SENSITIVITY control so that- the receiver is
operated by only one frequency from the trans-
mitter. This frequency, as determined from the
receiver dial calibration, should be that for which
the transmitter is tuned. If it is not, readjust the
filter circuits but with a somewhat different in-
itial setting of the tuning slugs in L118 and L119
until the receiver (used as a wavemeter) indi-
cates that this stage has been aligned properly
and the correct harmonic has been chosen by the
L118, L119 and C153, C157 circuits.
/. Emergency Alignment of Triplet.
(1) If L106 or L107 has been replaced, ad-
just the tuning slugs to about three-fourths inch
from the open end of the coil.
(grid current of doubler).
(3) Adjust the transmitter at the high-fre-
quency end of its range. (See Paragraph 35c.)
(4) Adjust C114 and C1l6, in turn, for
(5) Adjust the transmitter to the low-fre-
quency end of its range and adjust L106 and
L107 for maximum meter deflection.
(6) Repeat steps (3), (4), and (5) until
no further increase in meter deflection is ob-
tainable.
g. Emergency Alignment of Doubler.
(1) If L108 has been replaced, adjust the
tuning slug to about % inch from the open end
of the coil.
(grid current of power amplifier).
(3) Adjust the transmitter at the high-fre-
quency end of its range and adjust C120 for
maximum meter deflection.
quency end of its range and adjust L108 for
(5) Repeat steps (3) and (4) until no fur-
ther increase in meter deflection is possible.
h. Emergency Alignment of Power Ampli-
fier.
(1) If the L1lO-L1ll coil assembly has
been replaced, adjust the tuning slug at the bot-
tom of Ll 10 to the center of its range of varia-
tion.
(total plate and screen current) and make sure
the RECEIVER TUNE-OPERATE Switch IS at OPER-
ATE and left there for the following power am-
plifier tests.
(3) Set for minimum coupling of L1ll to
LllO (rotation of the coupling control to the
right). Detune C136 by setting it to the maxi-
mum capacitance position and detune C127 by
adjusting it to the minimum capacitance position,
(4) Start the transmitter at the high-fre-
quency end'of its range. (For this test the dyna-
motor must be started by operating a microphone
switch.) Adjust C126 for a minimum deflection
of the meter. If a tuning point cannot be found,
try a different setting of the LllO adjusting slug.
quency end of its range. Adjust the slug in L1lO
for a minimum deflection of the meter. Adjust
this slug by inserting a screwdriver through the
hole in the end of the transmitter and turning
the slug adjusting gear.
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PARS. 35-37
TM 11-620
(6) Adjust C126 at the higher frequency Antenna A-83 (phantom), or the antenna shown
and L1lO at the lower frequency until no further in Fig. 77, or a 40-watt Mazda lamp, instead of
reduction in the meter deflection can be made the regular antenna structure, are strong enough
at either end. for testing purposes.
36. Emergency Sources of Test Tones. In
the absence of a test oscillator, test tones can be
obtained from a receiver or a transmitter known
to be in good condition. The methods of doing
this are discussed in detail in Paragraph 39g(6)
for the receiver and Paragraph 39g(7) for the
transmitter. Signal sources other than a signal
generator may be summarized as follows:
a. A-f Signal.
(1) A. good receiver will provide audio-
frequency noise when there is no input signal.
(2) If two good receivers are available they
can be used together to provide a beat note.
(3) A good transmitter may be used with
a microphone into which the operator hums or
whistles. The resulting audio output can be
picked up for test purposes.
b. I-f Signal. This may be obtained from a
good receiver.
c. R-f Signal. This may be obtained from
either a receiver or a transmitter.
d. Atmospheric Noise. Atmospheric noise
may be used as a signal source in the absence of
other signal source. Since noise is an indefinite
sort of signal (no precise frequency) and the
intermediate-frequency band width is consider-
ably wider than the range of frequency which
may be heard, the number of circuits aligned by
this means should be a minimum.
e. Signals from Distant Vehicle. Signals
from a vehicle about 10 miles distant may be
used as a rough check of receiver sensitivity, par-
ticularly when such signals are compared to the
noise background when the distant transmitter
is off the air.
/. Signals from Nearby Vehicle. Signals
from a nearby vehicle which is operating into
37. Precision Alignment of Radio Receiver
BC-683-A.
a. General. Whenever a complete inspection
of a receiver is made, check alignment of the
tuned circuits in accordance with the following
procedure:
l-AdapterFT-384-(*).
1Insulated l/^-inch hexagon socket wrench.
1Output meter from Test Set I-56-(*), or its
equivalent.
1Volt-ohmmeter 1-107-(*), or its equivalent.
1Signal generator (frequency-modulated).
1Cornell-Dubilier capacitor, Type 1W, 0.006-
microfarad, or its equivalent, with suitable
clips.
1IRC resistor, Type BT-1/^, 1000 ohms, or its
equivalent, equipped with insulated clip con
nectors.
these wires, turn the receiver off each time to
avoid shocks.
Adapter FT-384-(*) is a switching box for
connecting test meters in various parts of the
circuit to facilitate alignment procedure. Photo-
graphs and a circuit diagram are shown in the
following figures:
Fig. 53. Adapter FT-384-(*): Front View.
Fig. 54. Adapter FT-384-(*): Back View.
Fig. 55. Adapter FT-384-(*): Application to
Radio Receiver BC-683-A.
Fig. 56. Adapter FT-384-(*): Schematic and
Wiring Diagram.
c. Alignment of Discriminator Circuit
(FL4) and I-f Oscillator Circuit (LCU4).
When aligning the intermediate-frequency am-
plifier or discriminator, if no shielded room is
100
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TM 11-620
PAR. 37
IV. MAINTENANCE
Fig. 53. Adapter FT-384-(*): Front View
available and disturbing interference from near-
by electrical equipment is observed, this inter-
ference can be minimized by connecting a short
strap lead from terminal 5 of V3 to C25 (the
terminal to which blue-tracer wires are con-
nected), whenever using the intermediate fre-
quency.
(1) Remove the dust cover from the re-
ceiver.
(2) Make sure that a dynamotor of the cor-
rect primary voltage rating is in place.
(3) Loosen the cover plates from LCUlA,
LCU2A, FL1A, FL2A, FL3A, FL4, and LCU4.
(The plates may be loosened by removing the
cotter pin at one end.)
Caution: Do not remove the cover from LCU3A.
(4) Set the receiver controls as follows:
The SPEAKER switch at ON, the SENSITIVITY and
VOLUME controls to the extreme right, the TUNE-
OPERATE switch at OPERATE, the REC switch at
OFF until ready, the OUTPUT TO PHONES switch
at ON, and the SQUELCH switch at OFF.
(5) Set up Volt-ohmmeter I-107- ( * ) as fol-
lows: Connect the battery plug attached to the
short cable at the bottom of the volt-ohmmeter
to a Battery BA-40. Set the SELECTOR switch for
VOLTS and the RANGE switch for 3 V.D.C. Short
the COMMON and D.c. VOLTS leads together and
turn the ZERO ADJ knob for zero indication on
the meter. It is advisable to leave Volt-ohmmeter
lllii J jJuUil hit 1111 n 111111 li
Fig. 54. Adapter FT-384-(*): Back View
I-107-(*) on for approximately five minutes be-
fore using it, to allow the zero adjustment of the
meter to become stable. Connect the volt-ohm-
meter leads to the V.T.V.M. posts of Adapter
FT-384-(*).
(6) Connect the high side of the signal gen-
erator output through the 0.006-microfarad ca-
pacitor to the limiter control grid (terminal 6 of
FL3A) and connect the low side of the generator
to the chassis.
(7) Adjust the generator for an output of
between l.0 and 2 volts at 2.65 megacycles.
(8) Plug Adapter FT-384-(*) into recep-
tacle PGl of the receiver and connect to the bat-
tery. Turn the switch of the adapter to DISC (dis-
criminator output voltage).
(9) Turn the receiver to ON and, after al-
lowing sufficient time for the vacuum tubes to
heat, adjust screw s (secondary) in filter FL4 for
zero current in the voltmeter. The meter should
reverse polarity as s is varied to either side of
the zero-current point. The selector switch of
Volt-ohmmeter I-107-(*) can be turned from
VOLTS to +VOLTS to note this effect. This is an
accurate indication of frequency and can be used
as a check during the test. A check may be made
from time to time to make sure that this meter
still reads zero. If it does not, the signal gener-
ator should be readjusted to restore the reading
to zero.
(10) Throw the TUNE-OPERATE switch to
TUNE. Adjust the slug in tuning unit LCU4 for
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Fig. 55. Adapter FT-384-('): Application to Radio Receiver BC-683-A
102
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TM 11-620
PAR. 37
IV. MAINTENANCE
zero-beat. Set the TUNE-OPERATE switch to
OPERATE.
(11) Turn the switch of the adapter to
ALIGN and adjust the P (primary) adjusting
screw in FL4 for maximum indication on the
volt-ohmmeter.
(12) Restore the adapter switch to DISC and
trim the s screw setting for zero meter current.
Adjust the signal generator 50 kilocycles above
and 50 kilocycles below 2.65 megacycles and
make sure that the readings of the volt-ohm-
meter are approximately the same (but of op-
posite polarity).
(13) Vary the signal generator frequency
above 2.65 megacycles until the test meter de-
flection is greatest. Note the meter reading and
the generator frequency. The frequency should
be between 2.725 and 2.745 megacycles.
(14) Repeat step (13) below 2.65 mega-
cycles. The meter reading should be within 0.75
volt of the previous reading and the frequency
should be between 2.560 and 2.580 megacycles.
(15) Place the switch of the adapter at
CATH, with the signal generator set for 1.0-volt
output at 2.65 megacycles and note the reading
of the volt-ohmmeter for 4ater use in testing the
intermediate-frequency amplifier.
d. Alignment of I-f Amplifier.
(1) Reduce the signal generator output to
zero and connect its shielded cord to the control
grid of the modulator (terminal 4 of V2). Ex-
posed unshielded wires are dangerous and
should be kept as short as possible, preferably
less than 2 inches, including the clip.
(2) Adjust the generator to a small output
at 2.65 megacycles and adjust it for zero-beat
with the intermediate-frequency oscillator when
the TUNE-OPERATE switch is set at TUNE. Then
restore the switch to OPERATE.
3) With the switch of the adapter at CATH,
increase the generator output sufficiently to cause
a reading of 0.9 on the volt-ohmmeter. Adjust
the generator output from time to time during
the following alignment to maintain a meter
reading of between 0.6 and 0.9 volt.
MALLORY NO.3234J
SELECTOR SWITCH
-~f
31 1O
2.5 OR 3.O-VOLT RANGE
OF VACUUM-TUBE
VOLTMETER t-1O7-(*X
OR R.C.A. 165, OR
HICKOK 312
OUTPUT VOLT-
METER [TEST
O SET I-56-C*)]
Fig. 56. Adapter FT-384-(*): Schematic
and Wiring Diagram
(4) Connect the 1000-ohm resistor between
terminals 3 and 4 of filter unit FL3A and adjust
the primary of FL3A designated P, for maximum
voltmeter reading.
Connect the resistor between terminals
1 and 2 of FL3A and tune the secondary of
FL3A, designated s, for maximum voltmeter in-
dication.
(6) Repeat steps (4) and (5) for filter
units FL2A and FL1A, respectively. Upon com-
pletion of these adjustments, note the signal gen-
erator output required to obtain the same meter
deflection as in Paragraph $lc(15). It should
not be necessary to increase the signal generator
output beyond 50 microvolts to obtain this
reading.
(7) Vary the signal generator frequency
through the 2.65-megacycle setting and note that
the selectivity is approximately symmetrical
about the mid-frequency.
(8) Adjust the generator frequency to 2.65
megacycles and the generator output as required
for a meter current of 0.9 volt.
(9) Double the signal generator output
voltage (6 db increase) and determine the fre-
quencies above and below 2.65 megacycles at
which 0.9 volt is obtained. The band width be-
tween the two "6 db down" frequencies should
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PAR. 37
TM 11-620
be not less than 75 kilocycles and the mid-band
frequency should be within 5 kilocycles of 2.65
megacycles.
(10) Repeat steps (8) and (9) for a 1000-
fold voltage increase (60 db) of generator out-
put. The band width between the two "60 db
down" frequencies shall not exceed 350 kilo-
cycles.
(11) Remove the strap between C25 and
terminal 5 of V3.
e. Alignment of R-f Oscillator (LCU3A)
and R-f Amplifier Circuits (LCU1A and
LCU2A).
(1) Reduce the signal-generator output to
zero and connect its shielded output cord direct-
ly to the A and G binding posts on the receiver,
with short leads. (This will be a test through
the whole receiver except the connections from
the front A and G binding posts to the regular
A and G terminals in the plug PGl. It may be
wise, therefore, to test for continuity between
these two sets of terminals.)
(2) Rotate the tuning dial to the stop at the
27-megacycle end of the scale. The reference
line on the dial should be in approximate align-
ment with the tuning index. If the error is
y% inch or more, repair the unit. This involves
removing the front panel and adjusting the glass
with the hairline on it. It should be done only
if unavoidable.
(3) Adjust the dial and the signal generator
to 39 megacycles.
(4) Loosen the cover plate (near C24)
from Cl.3, C1.5, and C1.7 and the cover plate
of LCU3A.
(3) Turn the switch of Adapter FT-384- (* )
to DISC.
(6) Place the TUNE-OPERATE switch of the
receiver at TUNE.
(7) Adjust the trimmer C1.7 for zero-beat
in the loudspeaker. The (discriminator) volt-
meter should read zero when the frequency is
correct. This is an additional check on the fre-
quency of the intermediate-frequency oscillator.
(8) Set the signal generator and the receiver
dial at 27 megacycles and adjust the slug in
LCU3A for zero-beat.
(9) Repeat steps (7) and (8) until the os-
cillator tracks satisfactorily at both ends of the
band.
(10) When the oscillator is satisfactory at
both ends of the band, check the 36-, 33-, and 30-
megacycle points also. Zero-beat should be ob-
tained within one-half dial division at each of
these frequencies. If tracking at these frequencies
is not satisfactory repeat step (7) using 38 mega-
cycles and step (8) using 28 megacycles. After
the dial tracking is regarded as satisfactory, take
care to avoid touching C1.7 and the slug of
LCU3A, when making further adjustments.
(11) Turn the switch of Adapter
FT-384-(*) to CATHODE and restore the TUNE-
OPERATE Switch to OPERATE.
(12) Increase the signal generator output
sufficiently to cause a meter reading of 0.9 volt.
Adjust the generator during the course of the
following procedure to maintain a reading of
between 0.6 and 0.9 volt on the meter.
Note: During the final alignment adjustments it
is usually impossible to keep the meter deflection
below 0.9 volt by reducing generator output.
Under these conditions modulate the generator
with 400 cycles and a frequency swing of 15
kilocycles. Connect the output meter of Test
Set I-56-(*) to Adapter FT-384-(*), and sup-
plement the test meter deflection by observing
the output meter deflection.
(13) With' the signal generator at 39 mega-
cycles, tune the receiver dial for zero-beat at 39
megacycles. Adjust, in turn, trimmer capacitors
C1.5, Cl.3, and Cl.l for maximum test meter
deflection.
(14) Adjust the generator and the receiver
to 27 megacycles as in step (13).
(13) Adjust, in turn, the slugs in the
LCUlA and LCU2A shield cans for maximum
deflection of the meter.
(16) Readjust the trimmer capacitors at
39 megacycles and the inductance trimmers at
27 megacycles alternately until no further im-
provement can be obtained.
104
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TM 11-620
PARS. 37-38
IV. MAINTENANCE
/. Check of Sensitivity and Stability.
(1) Set the signal generator to 39 mega-
cycles and adjust the receiver to zero-beat at 39
megacycles. Then reduce the signal generator
to zero output.
(2) Switch the SQUELCH control to ON and
adjust the SENSITIVITY control so that the CALL
SIGNAL lamp is barely extinguished.
(3) Increase the generator output suffici-
ently to illuminate the CALL SIGNAL lamp. A
signal of 1.0 microvolt or less should suffice.
(4) Repeat steps (2) and (3) at 27 mega-
cycles.
(5) Set the signal generator to give 3 micro-
volts output at 39 megacycles. It should be pos-
sible to extinguish the CALL SIGNAL lamp by
turning the SENSITIVITY control to the left. Re-
peat this test at 27 megacycles.
(6) Throw the TUNE-OPERATE switch to
TUNE and adjust the tuning dial for a low-
pitched beat note.
(7) Vary the signal-generator output from
about 1.0 to 1000 microvolts. The pitch of the
beat note should remain within audibility over
the entire range of signal voltage.
g. Output Power Measurement.
(1) Adjust the signal-generator frequency
to 27 megacycles and 1.0-microvolt output.
(2) With the SPEAKER switch at ON, and
the TUNE-OPERATE switch at TUNE, set the OUT-
PUT TO PHONES switch to ON, and the SQUELCH
switch to ON. Turn the SENSITIVITY and VOLUME
controls to the extreme right.
(3) Tune to zero beat with the signal gen-
erator and operate the TUNE-OPERATE switch to
OPERATE. Turn the SPEAKER switch to OFF.
(4) Modulate the signal generator with 400
cycles with a frequency deviation of 15 kilo-
cycles and read the output meter. The meter
should read over 18 volts.
h. Noise Test. With the signal-generator out-
put at 1.0 microvolt, remove the modulation
from the signal. The output meter should not
read more than one fifth of the reading obtained
in Paragraph 51g(5).
i. Check of Limiter Action.
(1) With conditions as in Paragraph 37,
increase the signal-generator output to 10 micro-
volts and observe the reading of the output
meter.
(2) Increase the signal-generator output to
100, 1000, and 10,000 microvolts successively.
The voltmeter reading should stay within 5
volts of the reading obtained in (1).
j. Volume Control. Remodulate the signal
with 400 cycles with a frequency deviation of 15
kilocycles and 1.0-microvolt input, and gradually
rotate the VOLUME control to the left. The out-
put meter should decrease progressively to less
than 1.0 volt. After restoring the volume to max-
imum, turn the SPEAKER switch to ON. The out-
put meter reading should remain approximately
constant. Observe the tone from the loudspeaker
as a check on its operation. A very weak response
or a bad rattle may indicate that the speaker
cone has been damaged.
38. Precision Alignment of Radio Transmitter
BC-684-A.
a. General. Whenever a complete inspection
of a transmitter is made, check alignment of the
tuned circuits as follows:
b. Testing Equipment Required.
1Antenna A-83 (phantom), or an artificial an-
tenna (Fig. 77), or, if radiation is permis-
sible, a vehicle antenna of correct dimensions
(including lead-in and ground).
1Sensitive precision wavemeter, 4- to 20-
megacycle range.
1Narrow-blade (V^-inch) screwdriver or long-
handled hexagon socket wrench for adjusting
the trimmer capacitors and coil slugs.
1A-inch screwdriver for locking the selector,
etc.
16-inch rule (narrow blade).
652334 O - 45 - B
105
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PAR. 38
TM 11-620
1Cord CD-786 for connection of the transmit-
ter under test to the power supply through a
convenient mounting or equivalent.
c. Preliminary to Alignment.
(1) Throw the TRANSMITTER switch to OFF,
the RECEIVER TUNE-OPERATE Switch to OPERATE,
and the TUNE-ANT CUR switch to TUNE.
(2) Insert Crystal Holder FT-241-A, Chan-
nel 270, into socket no. 1 and Crystal Holder
FT-241-A, Channel 389, into socket no. 10 in the
crystal operating compartment. If these particu-
lar crystals are unavailable, others within five
channels of these may be used.
(3) Remove the top and. bottom cover
plates from the transmitter and lay the transmit-
ter on its back so the bottom and top sections are
accessible. Plug one end of Cord CD-786 into
the left end of the transmitter and the other end
into the left connector of the mounting which is
connected to a large 12- or 24-volt battery supply.
Make sure a dynamotor of the correct input volt-
age rating has been inserted in the transmitter.
(4) Unlock the channel selector (see Para-
graph 21<z) and then set the gang capacitor for
minimum capacitance (plates all out).
d. Alignment of First R-f Amplifier.
(grid current in the first radio-frequency ampli-
fier) and turn the TRANSMITTER switch to ON.
(2) Set C107 to the minimum capacitance
position (open end of slot at left as viewed
from front of the transmitter).
Note: Capacitor C107 has been omitted from
later transmitters.
(3) Press push button no. 10 and start the
dynamotor by placing the RECEIVER TUNE-OPER-
ATE switch on RECEIVER TUNE. If the oscillator
and metering circuit are working, the meter will
deflect, indicating current in the first radio-fre-
quency amplifier grid circuit. Stop the dynamotor
by throwing the RECEIVER TUNE-OPERATE switch
to OPERATE. Do not let the dynamotor run for
long periods of time during the following tests.
(4) Set the METER SWITCH, to position 3
(grid current in rectifier) .
Start the dynamotor (RECEIVER TUNE-
OPERATE switch to RECEIVER TUNE) . Adjust the
gang capacitor for maximum meter deflection
and observe the relative position of the capacitor
plates. Rotate the gang capacitor by inserting a
screwdriver in the slot on the end of the gang
capacitor shaft (located near the handle on the
right end of the transmitter) or by the associated
small knob.
(6) Press push button no. 1 and repeat step
(5). The observed rotation of the gang capacitor
in passing from no. 10 to no. 1 should be at least
75 per cent of the total possible rotation.
(7) Carefully release push button no. 1,
turn the gang capacitor to the extreme right, and
lock the selector unit.
(8) Start the transmitter (dynamotor).
Check the selector adjustment by pressing the
no. 1 and then the no. 10 push button. Observe
the maximum meter deflection at each frequency
as the gang capacitor is varied slightly against
the restoring force of the selector springs. Do
not attempt to rotate the capacitor control more
than a jew degrees. The meter should indicate a
maximum deflection at the capacitor setting de-
termined by the selector. If the gang capacitor
has not been properly positioned at each fre-
quency, repeat the procedure, Paragraphs (5)
through (8), until the proper adjustment is ob-
tained or the trouble is located.
e. Alignment of Rectifier.
(grid current in tripler) .
(2) Adjust the tuning slugs in L119 and
Ll 18 to about % inch from the open end of the
coils. This may be measured with the 6-inch
narrow blade rule inserted in the open end of
the coil form.
(3) Set C153 and C157 to the mid-capaci-
tance position (open end of slot toward rear of
set).
106
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TM 11-620
PAR. 38
IV. MAINTENANCE
Note: Steps e(2) and e(3) are unnecessary if
there is reason to believe that there has been no
major change in the coils or capacitors in this
stage.
(4) Adjust the wavemeter to one sixth of
the output frequency (38.9/6 = 6.48 mega-
cycles) and place the pickup coil near L118 and
L119.
Caution: The wavemeter may affect the tuning
of L118 and L119 if it is coupled too closely to
these coils.
(5) Press push button no. 10, start the dyna-
motor, and adjust C153 and C157 for a maxi-
mum deflection of the transmitter panel meter at
the wavemeter frequency. Take care that the
circuits are being tuned to the correct frequency.
Wavemeter resonance is indicated by a dip in
panel meter reading. If the circuits cannot be
tuned, try a different setting of the L119 and
L118 tuning slugs. Repeat this procedure until
a panel meter deflection is obtained, and with the
wavemeter determine the frequency to which the
circuits are tuned. If the tuned frequency is
higher than the correct frequency, increase the
tuning inductance or capacity, or both; if the
tuned frequency is lower than the correct fre-
quency, decrease the tuning inductance or ca-
pacity, or both, until the correct frequency is
obtained. The transmitter employs copper tun-
ing slugs in the coils and, therefore, the coil in-
ductance is decreased as the slug is inserted
farther into the coil winding.
(6) Press push button no. 1 and adjust the
slugs in L119 and L118, respectively, for maxi-
mum deflection of the panel meter. Do not ad-
just C153 and C157. Check the frequency being
tuned (27.0/6 = 4.50 megacycles) with the
wavemeter and proceed as in step (5) if the
frequency is incorrect.
(7) Repeat step (5) (adjusting only the
capacitance trimmers on button 10) and step
(6) (adjusting only the coil slugs on button 1)
until no further adjustment is required. In some
cases where the circuits do not appear to align
properly at both ends of the band it may be de-
sirable (with the METER SWITCH in position 3)
to adjust and lock selector button 5 at some fre-
quency near the middle of the band (say 33
megacycles) and align between buttons 10 and 5
to get the coil slugs and capacitors near their cor-
rect positions. Then finally align between but-
tons 10 and 1 as described.
/. Alignment of Tripler.
(grid current in doublet).
(2) Adjust the tuning slugs in L106 and
L107 to about % inch from the open end of
the coils.
(3) Set C114 and C116 to the mid-capaci-
tance position (open end of slot toward rear of
set).
Note: Steps f(2) and f(3) are unnecessary if
there has been no major change in the coils or
capacitors in this stage.
(4) Adjust the wavemeter to one half of the
output frequency (38.9/2 = 19.45 megacycles)
and place the pickup coil near L106 and L107.
motor, and adjust Cll4 and Cll6 for a maxi-
mum deflection of the panel meter at the wave-
meter frequency. Take care that the circuits are
being tuned to 19.45 megacycles. If the circuits
cannot be tuned to the proper frequency, try a
different setting of the L106 and L107 tuning
slugs.
(6) Depress push button no. 1 and adjust
the slugs in L106 and L107 for maximum de-
flection of the'meter. Check the frequency being
tuned (27.0/2 = 13.5 megacycles) with the
wavemeter. If the frequency is incorrect, it will
be necessary to recheck the frequencies to which
the rectifier stage has been aligned in accordance
with Paragraphs 58e(4) and $8e(6).
(7) Repeat step (5) (adjusting only the
capacitance trimmers on button 10) and step
(6) (adjusting only the coil slugs on button 1)
until no further adjustment is required.
107
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PAR. 38
TM 11-620
g. Alignment of Doubter*
(grid current in power amplifier) .
(2) Adjust the tuning slug in L108 to about
% inch from the open end of the coil.
Note: This step is unnecessary if there has been
no major change in the coil or capacitor in this
stage.
motor, and adjust C120 for a maximum deflec-
tion of the meter. If a tuning point cannot be
found, try a different setting of the L108 tuning
slug. Frequency measurements are not required
in this stage if the alignment of the preceding
circuits has been done correctly.
(4) Press push button no. 1 and adjust the
slug in L108 for a maximum meter deflection.
Repeat step (3) (adjusting only C120
on button 10), and step (4) (adjusting only
L108 on button 1), until no further adjustment
is required.
(6) Replace the bottom cover plate of the
transmitter and trim all alignment adjustments
previously made, by repeating the procedure
described in Paragraphs 38d, e, f, and g. The
bottom cover makes only small changes in the
circuit capacitances or inductances and so only
small changes in the trimmer capacitors or coil
slugs will be required. They are necessary, how-
ever, if most satisfactory performance and tube
life are to be obtained.
b. Alignment of Power Amplifier.
(total plate current) .
Switch tO OPERATE.
(3) Adjust the coupling of L1ll to L1lO
until the center of coil Llll is opposite the top
of coil L1lO as seen through the vertical slot in
Lll0. This may be accomplished by rotation of
the knurled "finger wheel accessible through a
rectangular hole in the right end panel. (See
Fig- 52.)
(4) Connect an antenna (artificial or real;
see Paragraph 38) to the transmitter. (During
manufacture this stage is adjusted with the ar-
tificial antenna (Fig. 77) plugged into the A
and G posts on the front panel of the trans-
mitter.)
(5) Press push button no. 10, plug in a
microphone, and start the dynamotor by oper-
ating the microphone switch. Immediately ad-
just C126 on top of the selector unit for mini-
mum deflection of the panel meter (minimum
plate current).
(6) Adjust antenna trimmer capacitor C136
(marked as no. 10 on the right-end panel of the
transmitter) for maximum antenna current in
the artificial antenna meter.
Note: If an Antenna A-83 (phantom) or a real
antenna is used for these coupling adjustments
it will be necessary, in order to have an indica-
tion of antenna current, to throw the TUNE-ANT
CUR switch to ANT CUR and observe the deflec-
tion of the panel meter. Restore the TUNE-ANT
CUR switch to the TUNE position whenever ad-
justments are to be made to capacitor C126 or to
the inductance trimmer of L1l0.
(7) Adjust the coupling between LllO and
L1ll for maximum antenna current, then reduce
the coupling to lower the antenna current to ap-
proximately 60 per cent of maximum and read-
just the antenna capacitor, C136, for maximum
antenna current.
(8) Press selector button no. 1 and adjust
the tuning slug (inductance trimmer) of L1lO
for minimum plate current (with the TUNE-ANT
CUR switch at TUNE). The tuning slug is oper-
ated by a toothed wheel which is turned by in-
serting a screwdriver through the hole opposite
the bottom of L1lO in the right-end panel of the
transmitter.
(9) Adjust the antenna trimmer, C127
(no. 1), for maximum antenna current.
(10) Shift alternately between selector but-
tons no. 1 and no. 10, making the proper ad-
justment of L1lO and C126 for minimum plate
current until no further adjustment of L1lO and
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TM 11-620
PARS. 38-39
IV. MAINTENANCE
C126 is required. When on button no. 1, adjust
the tuning slug LllO for minimum plate cur-
rent, and adjust the antenna trimmer, C127, for
maximum antenna current. When on button no.
10, adjust the trimmer capacitor, C126, for mini-
mum plate current and adjust the antenna trim-
mer, C136, for maximum antenna current.
As the minimum meter reading may not be
sharply defined when the inductance trimmer is
turned, it is sometimes easier to adjust the ca-
pacity trimmer C126 for minimum plate current
when on selector button no. 10, then operate
selector button no. 1, and again adjust C126 for
minimum plate current. Then adjust the induc-
tance trimmer by a few turns and repeat the pro-
cedure already outlined, noting the position of
C126 for each selector button. Turn the in-
ductance trimmer of L1lO one way or the other
until the position of C126 for minimum plate
current is the same at both ends of the band
(selector buttons 1 and 10).
The radio-frequency stages have now been
ganged and should track satisfactorily at all fre-
quencies.
i. Coupling to the Antenna Circuit. When
the procedure in Paragraph 38^ has been prop-
erly accomplished, the transmitter is ready for
coupling to a suitable antenna. The method of
making coupling adjustments is described in
Paragraph 2\a.
39. Location of Trouble in Radio Receiver
BC-683-A.
a. General. The following tests aid in iso-
lating the source of trouble. To be effective the
procedure should be followed in the order given
here. A faulty receiver will be referred to here-
after as the "trouble" receiver.
Refer to the following figures to aid in the
locating of trouble in the receiver:
Figs. 44-46. Apparatus Location Diagrams.
Fig. 51. Location of Alignment and Tuning
Controls.
Fig. 57. Voltage Diagram.
Fig. 58. Resistance Diagram.
Figs. 43, 72. Wiring Diagrams.
Remember first, servicing procedure should
cause no further injury to the receiver. Second,
trouble should be localized to a single stage or
circuit. Third, the trouble may then be isolated
within that stage or circuit by appropriate volt-
age, resistance, and continuity measurements.
The relationship of the various steps of this sug-
gested procedure to these considerations, graph-
ically illustrated in Charts 2 and 3 at the end of
Paragraph 39, may be summarized as follows:
The purpose of inspection is to locate any
visible trouble. Through this inspection alone,
you may frequently discover the trouble, or de-
termine the stage in which the trouble exists.
This inspection is valuable in avoiding additional
damage to the receiver which might occur
through improper servicing methods, and in
forestalling future failures.
The power supply test prevents further dam-
age to the receiver or the dynamotor from certain
possible short circuits. Since this test gives an
indication of the operation of the dynamotor
and filter circuits, its function is not merely pre-
ventive.
The operational test is important as it fre-
quently indicates the general location of the
trouble. In many instances the information
gained will determine the exact nature of the
fault. To utilize this information fully, interpret
all symptoms in relation to each other.
The principal advantage of the signal tracing
method is that it usually enables you to localize
a trouble accurately and quickly to a given stage
when the general location of this trouble is not
immediately evident from the above tests.
In all these tests the possibility of intermit-
tents should not be overlooked. If present, this
type of trouble may be made to appear in most
cases by tapping or jarring the set. It is possible
that no trouble will be found in the receiver
itself but that the trouble is in the installation
(mounting, interphone system, or vehicle), or,
possibly, is due to external conditions. In this
event, test the installation, if possible.
b. General Precautions. Whenever a receiver
is to be serviced, observe the following general
precautions very carefully.
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PAR. 39
TM 11-620
(1) With the cover removed, dangerous
voltages are exposed when the set is operating.
(2) Whenever a receiver is suspected of
being in trouble, make the inspection and power
supply test. Be sure to remedy the cause of any
abnormal heating before continuing the pro-
cedure.
(3) Don't allow the dynamotor to run for
any appreciable period of time at the start of the
inspection until you are sure there are no short
circuits which will cause burning of receiver
parts.
(4) When making resistance and continuity
measurements, first remove the power plug and
dynamotor.
(5) Don't remove the shield can of the
tuned units (LCU or FL) from any unit unless
you definitely know that trouble exists within
that unit. Whenever one part of the tuned cir-
cuit is replaced, realign the unit.
(6) Whenever you suspect intermittent
trouble, make a thorough check of wiring and
parts. In many cases you can make intermittent
troubles appear by jarring the receiver.
(7) Take care, when inspecting wiring and
soldered connections, not to damage the insula-
tion. Don't leave the insulation in a broken or
frayed condition. Don't pull or bend wires un-
necessarily, nor pry cable open to trace wiring.
(8) Don't remove more than one vacuum
tube from a receiver at one time. Remember to
return each tube to the socket from which it was
removed, unless it is defective.
c. Inspection. When a receiver is brought in
from the field for check or repair, remove the
cover and make the following inspection.
(1) Examine for burnt insulation and re-
sistances. Examine for wax leakage and any dis-
coloration of apparatus and wire. Notice any
odor caused by overheated apparatus.
Note: These symptoms may have been caused
by a trouble previously repaired and serve only
as a guide. In general, confine examination to
parts readily visible with the cover removed.
Usually more harm than good will be caused by
the removal of the front panel, the FL or LCU
can covers, and other enclosed parts. Trouble in
these parts should be localized by signal tracing
and voltage and resistance measurements.
(2) Inspect for broken connections to tube
sockets, plugs, and other apparatus as well as
for defective soldered connections. Examine for
bare wires touching the chassis or other wires.
(3) Be sure that the labels on the tubes in
the various sockets correspond to the correct
tube numbers given in the technical manual for
these positions. Replace any tubes which have
the wrong numbers. Inspect for loose tube
sockets.
(4) Inspect the active and spare fuses.
Check carefully for short circuits whenever a
receiver with a blown fuse is encountered.
(5) Inspect the selector mechanism for
loose or bent parts. Be sure that the dial turns
smoothly and that the push buttons operate satis-
factorily.
(6) Inspect the power plug and replace or
repair it if there are any bent or broken prongs,
(7) Inspect for loose or missing screws, es-
pecially those which fasten the tube sockets in
place.
d. Power Supply Test. This test assumes that
a voltmeter of at least 1000-ohms-per-volt with
a range of at least 250 volts, and an ohmmeterj
are available.
Throw all switches to OFF, or downward. Re-
move the cover from the receiver for the follow-
ing procedure.
(1) The dynamotor marking must agree
with the battery voltage available.
(2) Remove the dynamotor and examine it
for loose or badly worn brushes and worn or
dirty commurators. Test the continuity of the
dynamotor plug. Clean and replace the dyna-
motor in the set.
(3) Connect the appropriate battery to the
110
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TM 11-620
PAR. 39
IV. MAINTENANCE
receiver, using Mounting FT-237-(*) or Cord
CD-786.
(4) Throw the SPEAKER switch to ON.
(5) Place the voltmeter across C25 (the
positive side should go to the terminal to which
the wire with the red tracer is attached). Turn
the power switch to ON. Note that the meter
rises immediately to approximately 200 volts
when the switch is turned on. If it does not, turn
the set off quickly and check C25 and Cl6 for
a possible short circuit. Also, check the voltage
divider, the dynamotor, and the associated equip-
ment. A low reading of the voltmeter may in-
dicate a faulty dynamotor or a short circuit in
the system.
(6) If the dynamotor fails to start or if the
fuse blows, turn the set off, and inspect the
dynamotor and the associated equipment, as well
as the fuse, plug PG2, the filament wiring, etc.
(7) Assuming that the dynamotor starts
correctly and that the voltage is satisfactory, in-
spect the inside of the receiver with the dyna-
motor running. See that no sparks occur and that
nothing smokes. Stop the dynamotor immediate-
ly and repair the fault if trouble is indicated.
(8) After the dynamotor has been running
for a few moments, feel the tubes cautiously to
see if they are all warm. No other tube should
be as hot as V8, which is a VT-107-A (6V6-GT)
tube. No tube should remain cold. If a tube re-
mains cold after the others have warmed up,
examine the wiring associated with the tube
socket in question and examine the socket con-
tacts. If there is no wiring trouble and the tube
does not warm up, test it (or replace it if no
vacuum-tube test set is available).
e. Vacuum Tube Testing Procedure. As the
space around a vacuum tube is often small it is
desirable either to use a tube extractor or to rock
the tube with the fingers at the top while pushing
it up gently from the bottom. To test a vacuum
tube, use a test set if available. If not, try the
tube in a receiver which is operating satisfac-
torily. If another receiver is not available, try re-
placing the tube by another one.
/. Operational Test. To make an operational
test, you will need a headset and a weak signal
between 27 and 39 megacycles. A signal gener-
ator, or a transmitter with its RECEIVER TUNE-
OPERATE switch at RECEIVER TUNE, is a good sig-
nal source. The transmitter requires no metallic
connection with the receiver. A second receiver
with. a lead to bring the radio frequency to the
A (antenna) post of the receiver under test is
satisfactory. See Paragraph 39g(6) (c) .
Serious distortion and abnormally low output
are trouble indications. Compare with a good re-
ceiver for output, if the condition of the trouble
receiver permits. Irregularities of operation help
to localize the trouble. Operating personnel may
supply useful supplementary data.
(1) Turn the trouble receiver to ON and
allow it sufficient time to warm up. All other
switches should be at OFF (down).
(2) CALL SIGNAL Lamp. With the
SQUELCH switch at OFF, the CALL SIGNAL lamp
should be lighted.
Noise from Loudspeaker. Turn the
SPEAKER switch to ON, and with the VOLUME
control turned to the extreme right, listen for a
rusbing noise from the loudspeaker.
(4) VOLUME Control. The speaker out-
pur should vary smoothly from maximum until
the noise has vanished at the extreme left posi-
tion of the control.
( 5) Headset Sidetone. With the OUTPUT TO
PHONES switch at OFF, plug the headset into one
of the PHONES jacks. There should be no sound
in the headset.
(6) Noise in Headset. With the VOLUME
control adjusted for normal output from the
speaker, turn the OUTPUT TO PHONES switch to
ON. There should be a rushing noise in the
headset.
(7) Noise in Hsadset, Second Jack. Repeat
step (6) for the second PHONES jack.
(8) Headset Volume.. Turn the SPEAKER
switch on and off. The headset volume should
remain constant if R30 is intact.
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PAR. 39
TM 11-620
(9) Turn on a source of radio-frequency
signal and wait for it to warm up.
(10) Beat-Note Indication. Now place
the TUNE-OPERATE switch at TUNE. Roughly
check the tuning of the receiver, both manual
and push-button, against the radio-frequency
test signal, using the beat note produced by the
intermediate-frequency oscillator as a tuning in-
dication. The dial should turn freely.
(11) Beat-Note Indication, with Squelch.
With the SQUELCH switch at ON and the SENSI-
TIVITY control adjusted for maximum sensitivity
(full right rotation), repeat the beat-note test at
one frequency.
.(12) Squelch Operation. With conditions
as in (11), the CALL SIGNAL lamp should light
when the signal is tuned in. If it does not go out
when the signal is tuned out, turn the SENSI-
TIVITY control to the left to reduce the sensitivity
until it does. The noise from the loudspeaker
should cease whenever the CALL SIGNAL lamp is
extinguished. When the signal is tuned in again
the lamp should light.
(13) Sensitivity Control. Reduce the sig-
nal, with conditions as in (12), just short of
the frequency where the CALL SIGNAL lamp
would go out. Turn the SENSITIVITY control to
the left and the lamp should go out.
(14) Intermittent's. Test the receiver for in-
termittents by jarring it while listening to a beat
note.
(15) Tests Involving Transmitter and Re-
ceiver. If the tests are being made in a mounting
with a transmitter as a source of radio frequency,
the following checks may be made quickly:
(a) Disabling Action.Turn the trans-
mitter RECEIVER TUNE-OPERATE Switch to OPER-
ATE. Pressing the microphone button should cut
off the rushing noise in the receiver.
(b) Sidetone.Plug into either PHONE
jack and set the SIDETONE control on the right
end of the transmitter (Fig. 14) to give suffi-
cient headset volume. Sidetone should be heard
when someone is speaking into the microphone.
g. Signal Tracing.
(1) General. Signal tracing tests require
one of the following signal sources, listed in
order of preference:
A signal generator.
A good receiver. (See (6) of this paragraph for
instructions.)
A good transmitter (provides audio and radio
frequencies only). (See (7) of this paragraph
for instructions.)
these sources, turn the receiver off each time
to avoid shock or equipment damage.
You will also'need a voltmeter (not less than
1000-ohms-per-volt), an ohmmeter, and a head-
set. If no vacuum-tube test set is available, check
the tubes in a good receiver, or substitute new
tubes. (See Paragraph 39e.) This recommended
procedure begins at the output and works back.
For the location of parts, see Figs. 43, 45, 46, 51,
and 72. An output meter plugged into one of
the PHONES jacks, as described in Paragraph
33c(3), or an alignment meter bridged across
L1 as described in Paragraph tte(l), helps
greatly in judging the performance of the re-
ceiver. If a signal generator having a l.0-volt
output at 2.65 megacycles is used, test the dis-
criminator circuits, as described in step (3)(i),
as soon as step (3)(b) is completed. In this
event, apply the signal generator output to the
grid of the limiter (terminal 4 of V6). In all
other cases, make this test in the following order:
(a) At the beginning of the test, turn
all switches to OFF (downward), and release all
push buttons.
(b) Don't remove the shield can of a
tuned unit until the trouble has been traced to
that particular unit. Don't remove the front panel
of the receiver more often than necessary. Don't
damage the wiring by pushing it back and forth
during inspection. Do as little damage to the
receiver as possible. Take it easy.
(c) Use adynamotor known to be in good
condition, and of correct voltage, and place it in
the set before the test.
(d) Except as otherwise noted, ground
112
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TM 11-620
PAR. 39
IV. MAINTENANCE
one side of the signal generator and connect the
other side to the receiver being tested.
(e) Note the volume, and listen for seri-
ous distortion from the loudspeaker at the vari-
ous points in the signal tracing procedure. Ex-
perience helps. If possible, compare with a re-
ceiver known to be in good condition.
(f) Check the wiring and soldering in
each stage as you proceed.
(g) Misalignment of one or more stages
of the receiver will cause reduced output. Mis-
alignment of the radio-frequency oscillator may,
however, prevent any output.
(h) In this outline, "no signal" or "no
beat note" means either no signal from the loud-
speaker, a signal that is weaker than it should be,
or a seriously distorted signal.
(i) When trouble is localized in a given
stage, first test the tube if such a test is indicated
in the procedure, then the voltage, and finally
the resistance (Paragraph 39b(4)), at the tube
socket of that stage.
(j) Trouble in a circuit or stage may not
show in voltage and resistance measurements at
the tube socket. Hints included in this section
are merely a guide and should suggest other pro-
cedures, such as voltage and resistance measure-
ments on individual parts.
(k) Remove only one tube at a time when
testing. Check the number of the tube, test it, and
return it to its proper socket before another tube
is removed.
(1) If the receiver appears to be good,
test the control circuits of the associated trans-
mitter for short or open circuits. Check the wir-
ing in Mounting FT-237-(*), as well as the
remote circuit wiring.
(m) It frequently helps to connect (with
a clip lead) terminal 5 of V3 to the negative
side of C25 (to which blue-tracer leads are at-
tached) when performing the audio- and inter-
mediate-frequency tests outlined in Paragraphs
59g(2) and (3). This stops the radio-frequency
oscillator and reduces interference. Be sure to
remove this clip lead before proceeding with the
radio-frequency tests.
(n) Each step assumes you have satis-
factorily completed all previous steps. Isolate
and clear any trouble located before you proceed
with the next step.
(o) When you have found all sources of
trouble, follow the procedure for routine check
of the receiver as described in Paragraph 30.
(2) A-f Tests. For reference to audio-fre-
quency-test signal sources, see Paragraph 39g
(1)
(a) Secondary of Tl (Speaker Circuit).
Throw the SPEAKER switch to ON and connect
an audio signal through a series capacitor to the
blue-brown tracer (fifth terminal counting from
the front panel) on the output transformer Tl.
Listen for noise output in the speaker. Notice
that it is not necessary to remove the front panel
in order to gain access to the terminals of trans-
former Tl.
The volume of noise will be very low.
If no output is heard, check the circuit ele-
ments such as the SPEAKER switch D3, the output
transformer, the loudspeaker, etc.
Note: In replacing the front panel (if it has
been removed) be sure that the wires are all
pushed down beside the potentiometers Pi and
P2 and preferably tied in place.
(b) Secondary of Tl (Phones Circuit).
Throw the OUTPUT TO PHONES switch to ON and
connect the signal to the blue-green tracer on the
output transformer Tl (third terminal counting
from the front panel). Try the headset in both
PHONES jacks. Noise should be heard when the
headset is plugged into either jack. If no signal
is heard, remove the front panel and test (by
resistance measurements if possible) such items
as resistors R22, R23, and R33, switch D2, the
jacks, and terminals 12 and 14 of PG3 and J3.
Jacks and headsets may be at fault, or a perma-
nent ground may exist on the receiver disabling
lead.
(c) Primary Circuit of Tl.Place the
audio signal on the blue-yellow tracer (second
terminal counting from the front panel) on the
output transformer Tl and listen for the signal
from the speaker or headset. If no signal is
present, C33 may be shorted or terminals 16 and
17 of plug PG3 may not be making good contact.
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PAR. 39
TM 11-620
(d) Terminal 5 of V8 (Grid of Second
Audio Amplifier). Turn the receiver on. Put
the signal on terminal 5 of V8. Listen for output
in the speaker. If there is no output, test the tube
and the voltages at the socket terminals (see
Figs. 57 and 58). C21, R19, or R18 may be
faulty. Check continuity to terminals 5, 6, and
10 of PG3 or J3.
(e) Terminal 2 of VlO (Plate of First
Audio Amplifier). Introduce the signal at ter-
minal 2 of VlO*, and listen for a signal from the
loudspeaker. If there is no signal, R18, C19, or
C21 may be at fault. Check terminals 5, 6, and 10
of PG3 or J3 for continuity.
(f) Terminal 1 of Vl0 (Grid of First
Audio Amplifier) .Put the signal on terminal
1 of Vl0. Reduce the signal input. If there is no
signal from the loudspeaker, test the tube. Cir-
cuit elements such as C1I, C12, C13, C26, or
R10 may be faulty. Note that v/hen the SQUELCH
switch is at OFF it should connect ground to R12
the side away from the tube.
(g) Terminal 5 of Vl0 (Plate of the I-f
Oscillator) .Place the signal on terminal 5 of
Vl0. Throw the TUNE-OPERATE switch to OPER-
ATE. If there is no signal from the loudspeaker,
R6, C26, C10, or D5 may be faulty.
(h) Junction of C1l and R10. Put the
signal at the junction of Cl 1 and R10. If the sig-
nal is not heard from the speaker, R10 or C1l
may be faulty.
(i) Terminal 4 of V7 (Output of the Dis-
criminator) .Place the signal across the output
resistance (R81 in series with R83) of the dis-
criminator (terminal 4 of V7). If there is no
signal in the loudspeaker, check circuit elements
such as V7, C81, C82, R81, R82, R83, or R84.
(3) I-f Tests. For reference to intermediate-
frequency-test signal sources, see Paragraph
(a) Terminal 8 of V6 (Plate of the
Limiter) .With the intermediate-frequency sig-
nal applied through a series capacitor to the
plate of the limiter (terminal 8 of V6) , place the
SQUELCH switch at OFF and the TUNE-OPERATE
switch at TUNE and listen for a beat note from
the loudspeaker. If this beat note is not heard,
note the setting and then vary the slug adjust-
ment in LCU4 to obtain a beat note. If the beat
note cannot be obtained, such circuit elements as
C10, LCU4, FL4, or D5 may be faulty. Retune
the slug in LCU4 for a beat note with the inter-
mediate-frequency source after the trouble has
been cleared.
(b) Terminal 4 of V6 (Grid of the Lim-
iter).Put the signal on terminal 4 of V6. If
there is no beat note from the speaker, with the
TUNE-OPERATE switch at TUNE, test V6 and
other circuit elements. Voltage and resistance
measurements at the tube socket terminals may
be useful. (See Figs. 57 and 58.)
(c) Terminal 8 of V5 (Plate of the
Second I-f Amplifier).With the signal on ter-
minal 8 of V5 repeat the procedure given for the
preceding stage. If there is no signal, FL3A may
be misaligned or faulty. If the alignment is not
at fault, test such elements as V5, R13, C14, Cl5
or C7. If the alignment has been altered, re-align
FL3A after the trouble has been corrected.
(d) Terminal 4 of V5 (Grid of the
Second I-f Amplifier) .Place the signal on ter-
minal 4 of V5. Repeat the procedure which was
followed on the limiter stage. If the test of the
tube is satisfactory, there may be trouble in cir-
cuit elements such as FL2A, C7, or R8.
(e) Terminal 8 of V4 (Plate of the First
I-f Amplifier) .Feed the signal to terminal 8
of V4. If no beat note is obtained from the
speaker, test the tube. FL!2A may be misaligned
or may be faulty.
(f) Terminal 4 of V4 (Grid of the First
I-f Amplifier) .Introduce a signal on terminal
4 of V4. If no beat note is obtained and the tube
is satisfactory, the trouble may be in FL1A, C6,
or associated circuit elements.
(g) Terminal 8 of V2 (Plate of the Mod-
ulator) .With the signal on terminal 8 of V2,
listen for a beat note from the loudspeaker. If
none is obtained, test the tube and make voltage
and resistance measurements. (See Figs. 57 and
58.) FL1A may be misaligned or faulty. Check
the associated circuit elements.
(h) Terminal 4 of V2 (Grid of the Mod-
ulator) .Place the signal on terminal 4 of V2.
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TM 11-620
PAR. 39
IV. MAINTENANCE
If a beat note is not obtained, test the tube. The
trouble may be in LCU2A. Check for a short
circuit of C1.5 or C1.6.
(i) Terminal 4 of V2 (Discriminator
Test) .With the intermediate-frequency signal
still on the grid of the modulator (terminal 4 of
V2), measure the voltage across the series com-
bination of R81 and R83 (between terminals 4
and 8 of V7, or between 3 and 7 of FL4) . Turn
off the intermediate-frequency oscillator by set-
ting the TUNE-OPERATE Switch at OPERATE.
Align the secondary of FL4 to obtain a zero read-
ing on the voltmeter. As the alignment is varied
either way from this point, the reading of the
voltmeter should change polarity. In order to
test the primary of FL4, connect the meter be-
tween terminals 3 and 8 of FL4. Adjust the
primary slug of FL4 for maximum reading on
the voltmeter. This is not an alignment but mere-
ly a check on the alignment capability of this
circuit. Leave the circuit in approximate align-
ment after clearing any trouble that may have
been present in FL4 or associated circuits.
(4) R-f Tests. For reference to radio-fre-
quency-test signal sources, see Paragraph
(a) Terminal 4 of V2 (Grid of the Mod-
ulator). Apply a radio-frequency signal
through a capacitor to the grid of the modulator
(terminal 4 of V2). Set the TUNE-OPERATE
switch to TUNE. Manually set the dial of the
trouble receiver to approximately the frequency
of the radio-frequency source and tune for a beat
note. If it is impossible to obtain a beat note,
either the source of radio frequency is not pro-
viding voltage on the grid of V2 or the radio-
frequency oscillator of the trouble receiver is
not functioning. In the latter case check V3,
LCU3A, R4, R5, C5, and associated circuit ele-
ments. Cl.7 and C1.8 may be shorted. Make
resistance and voltage measurements at the tube
socket terminals. (See Figs. 57 and 58.) In order
to isolate the trouble in the oscillator stage, put
the radio-frequency signal on the suppressor grid
of the modulator (terminal 3 of V2). If the
characteristic no-signal rushing noise is heard
from the loudspeaker with the test signal but is
not heard when the test signal is absent, then the
oscillator stage is faulty. However, if the oscil-
lator stage is operating but not properly aligned,
the rushing noise may be present, but a weak
beat note may appear more than one channel
away from the proper setting. A realignment of
the oscillator is indicated.
Caution: Any attempt to vary the adjustment of
the slug in LCU3A will result in a change in the
tracking of the oscillator stage. This stage prob-
ably will then require careful alignment. This
procedure is described in Paragraphs ~b\b(5)
and yie. No adjustment of LCU3A and Cl.7
should be attempted until the method is fully
understood.
(b) Terminal 8 of Vl (Plate of the R-f
Amplifier) .Place the signal on terminal 8 of
VI. If no beat note is heard in the speaker, test
VI. It may be that LCU2A, C1.3, or C1.4 are
shorted. Make voltage and resistance measure-
ments.
(c) Terminal 4 of Vl (Grid of the R-f
Amplifier) .Place the signal on terminal 4 of
Vl and listen for the beat note. If no beat note
can be obtained and the tube is not at fault, check
LCUlA, Cl.1, and C1.2 for short circuits.
LCU2A may be misaligned.
(d) Antenna Post.Put the signal on the
A (antenna) post. If there is no beat note,
LCUlA may be misaligned or faulty. Test the
antenna connections to LCUlA.
(e) Squelch Circuit and Sensitivity Con-
trol.Check these functions as described in Par-
agraphs f( 12) and f(l 3) preceding. If operation
of the squelch circuit and sensitivity control is
not normal, test V9. Circuit elements such as
R15, R16, R17, C17, Cl8, C20.2, or C12 may
be faulty.
Note: The voltage divider circuits bear an im-
portant relation to proper squelch action. See
Figs. 57 and 58.
(f) Tuning.When all troubles have
been removed, the tuning for all channels should
be checked. If an LCU or an FL unit has been
repaired or replaced or if its adjustment has been
changed, that unit should be realigned. If several
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PAR. 39
TM 11-620
units have been changed or there is any question
of alignment, the whole receiver should be re-
aligned.
(5) Short Cuts. Signal tracing procedure
may be simplified by determining at the outset,
whether the trouble is in the audio-, intermedi-
ate-, or radio-frequency circuits. This may be
determined in the following order:
(a) A-f Circuits.Put an audio-frequency
signal on the output of the discriminator (ter-
minal 4 of V7). If output from the speakei is
missing or weak, the trouble is probably located
in the audio-frequency circuit.
Caution: Unless you are familiar with these sets,
you may fail to recognize a loss of amplification
in the set in these tests. It's a good idea to make
a comparison with a receiver known to be in
good condition.
(b) I-f Circuits.Put an intermediate-
frequency signal on the grid of the modulator
(terminal 4 of V2). When the TUNE-OPERATE
switch is at TUNE, a beat note should be heard.
If step (a) gave a beat note but none is heard
now, the trouble is probably in the intermediate-
frequency part of the circuit.
(c) R-f Circuits.Place a radio-frequency
signal on the A (antenna) post. Tune the receiver
to the frequency of the test signal. Throw the
SQUELCH switch to ON. The squelch circuit
should operate satisfactorily with the SENSITIV-
ITY control near its minimum or extreme left po-
sition. Throw the SQUELCH switch to OFF; a beat
note should be heard from the speaker. The tun-
ing dial setting should agree approximately with
the test signal frequency. Test the squelch and
sensitivity control operation as described in Para-
graphs f(12) and f(13) preceding.
(6) Use of a Second Receiver as a Signal
Generator. If you have no signal generator, it
will help a lot to have a second receiver handy.
Keep it in good operating condition at all times
to use as a source of test signals. The audio-, in-
termediate-, and radio-frequency signals may be
obtained from the following points in the good
receiver, in the following manner:
(a) Audio Frequency.Audio-frequency
signals may be obtained from one of the PHONES
jacks of the good receiver. The VOLUME control
of this receiver may be adjusted to give a satis-
factory level of no-signal noise for use in testing
the audio stages of the trouble receiver. If the
signal strength is too great, the audio stages of
the trouble receiver may be overloaded, thereby
giving deceptive results. Connect the tip of a
plug to a capacitor of 0.001 microfarad or great-
er capacitance. Insert the plug into one of the
PHONES jacks to obtain an audio-frequency
source. Connect the chassis of the two receivers
together to complete the circuit. Throw the OUT-
PUT TO PHONES Switch to ON.
(b) Intermediate Frequency.You may
obtain the intermediate frequencies from the sec-
ond receiver, with the TUNE-OPERATE switch at
TUNE, at terminal 7 of FL4. You can pick up
a somewhat higher output on terminal 2 of
FL4; use the former (lower level) point for
all cases except where the circuits are badly mis-
aligned. In all cases make the connection through
a capacitor, preferably 0.001 microfarad or
larger, located close to the source of test tone.
If you have no capacitor, twist two insulated
wires for about 18 inches, making sure that there
is no metallic connection between t.he wires.
These two wires (at the far end) form the two
ends of the lead which carries the test frequen-
cies. In order to prevent unwanted pickup and
singing, combine this lead (in a twisted pair)
with the ground wire which forms the circuit
return. Mark each wire so it may be identified,
equip each end of the pair with clips, and run it
directly from the signal source to the point of
use, preferably under the bottom of the good
receiver (if it is at the left side). Leave the un-
twisted part as short as possible. This twisted
pair for pickup and test frequency will then
consist of:
(1) An insulated wire about 3-feet
long used for connecting the chassis of the
trouble receiver to the chassis of the source.
(2) Another insulated wire about 4-
feet long cut in the middle and with the two
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"FOR TROUBLE LXX
CATION
'CAUTION: Q**i*ow VOLT
ttES ARE IXPOKD IT REOWEO FOR EOUIV.
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OUTPUT METER
NEAOMC* *
1 VOLT
t VOLTS (APPROX.) 4OO CPS.
O.OS VOLT (APPHOXJ
16 VOLTS (APPROX.) 4OO CM.
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I vfW 4 OF Vt AND CHASSIS TO OBTAM THE EOUIVA-
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i ( OM CLOCKWISE POSITION. A FREQUENCY MOOULA-
! VJUIRED FOR OUTPUT MEASUREMENTS MVOLVINt
IN OFF POSITION WHEN MEASUREMENTS ARE MADE.
SOURCE IS AVAILABLE.
'o'o
NOTES
I. ALL VOLTAtES SHOULD B
t. ALL SWITCHES EXCEPT'
1 VOLTAtES OVEN ARE AVERAtE REAOINtS.
NOT BE SERVICED JUST BECAI
MANUFACTURED EQUIPMENT Ci
ARE BASED ON
GIVEN SHOULD I
S. ACCURACY REQUIRES THAT ON M
READMt MUST BE M4HER THAN
52394 O - 45 (Face p. 118) No. 1
VOLTAGES AT VACUUM TUBE SOCKET IUNLi
FL4 (o
IOOO OHM PER VOLT VOLTMETER MEASUREMENTS
(SEE NOTES S T)
12 VOLT BATTERY
Vt
TERM. NOS.
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TO
24 VOLT BATTERY
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53
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143
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24
12
M
t
kSUREO BETWEl
UNE-OPERATE
REAOINtS. A
3 CERTAIN K
I9E VARIATION
2 OR 24 VOLT
E ADJUSTED
SEASUREMENTS
THE EXPECT
VOLTAtES AT VACUUM TUBE SOCKET
ITS
SS
tt
TERMINALS
24
VACUUM TUBE VOLTMETER MEASUR
It VOLT BATTERY
EMENT!
1 (SEE NOTE t)
TERM. NOS.
VI
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RESISTANCE AT TERMINALS OF
PG2IOHMS)
TEHMHAL
RESISTANCE VALUES
1
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RESISTANCE AT TERMINALS OF
PCI (OHMS)
TERMMAL
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RESSTANCES AT FLTER TERMNALS
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1.
ALL RESSTANCE__
BETWEEN THE *
NATED TERMWAL
2
A MRUTON OF
VALUES SHOULD
INDICATION OF A
3
CERTAN OSCREf
BETWEEN THE
ED M THESE 1
LABEL APPEAR*
DISCREPANCES 1
m MANUFACTUW
LABEL APPLIES.
OES MAY BE
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VIEW OF TERMINAL
SOE OF J3
p o o o o p
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TO THEB MAI
RESSTANCES AT TCMMMALS
Of J31OHMS)
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852JS4 O - 49 (Face p. lie) No. 2
119
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TM 11-620
PAR. 39
IV. MAINTENANCE
ends connected through a capacitor or wrapped
together for about 18 inches where they overlap,
(c) Radio Frequency.The radio fre-
quency may be obtained from the good receiver
at the suppressor grid of the modulator (ter-
minal 3 of V2). For most alignment purposes,
the stray pickup between two receivers placed
about 2 feet apart is sufficient. For signal tracing,
more pickup may be necessary. In this event,
connection may be made by using a capacitor or
two wires twisted together as described in (b).
This frequency will be about 2.65 megacycles
above the frequency indicated by the dj,al. There-
fore, tune the receiver being tested to a frequency
which is approximately 2.65 megacycles above
that to which the good receiver is tuned.
(7) Use of a Radio Transmitter BC-684-A
as a Signal Generator. If neither a signal gener-
ator nor a good receiver is available, you may
use a transmitter in good operating order to pro-
vide a tone for tracing signals in the audio- or
radio-frequency stages of a trouble receiver.
(a) Audio Frequency.If the transmit-
ter is in a mounting, an audio-frequency tone can
be obtained from terminal 1 of the terminal strip
TS401. You can see this terminal in the base of
the mounting when the door in the mounting at
the left receiver position is opened.
Caution: Use a 0.001 to 1.0-microfarad capacitor
in series with the lead, as one side of the audio
source is grounded.
If the receiver is placed in a Mounting
FT-237-(*) with this transmitter, throw the
OUTPUT TO PHONES switch of the receiver to
OFF. Turn the transmitter on. Audio frequencies
will be available if the operator presses the mi-
crophone button of the transmitter and whistles
or hums into the microphone. Use a throat
microphone if you have it.
(b) Intermediate Frequency.Since no
source of 2.65 megacycles is available in the
transmitter, no direct method of signal tracing
in the intermediate-frequency section is avail-
able with the transmitter.
(c) Radio Frequency.In general no di-
rect connection between transmitter and receiver
is necessary for picking up test radio frequencies
for alignment work. In signal tracing where di-
rect connection may be needed, use a shielded
wire, with one end connected to the antenna ter-
minal and the other hung near the transmitter.
Connect a capacitor in series with this wire to
prevent accidental short circuits.
Chart I. Equipment Required for Servicing of Radio Receiver BC-683-A
1. Schematic Diagram of Circuit
2. Voltage Measurements
Multirange d-c voltmeter of at least 1,000-ohms-per-volt
Maximum range required: 0-250 volts
Intermediate range: 0-30 volts approximately
Low range: 0-3 volts approximately
3. Resistance Measurements
Ohmmeter with a maximum range of 5 megohms
4. Tube Tests
a. Suitable tube tester with short circuit tests, or
b. A second Radio Receiver BC-683-A in good condition, or
c. Complete set of new tubes.
5. Signal Tracing
a. Suitable signal generator, or
b. A second Radio Receiver BC-683-A in good condition, or
c. A Radio Transmitter BC-684-A in good condition.
121
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PAR. 39
TM 11-620
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TM 11-620
PAR. 39
IV. MAINTENANCE
1
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PAR. 40
TM 11-620
40. Location of Trouble in Radio Transmitter
BC684-A.
a. General. The following procedure is de-
signed to locate trouble quickly and with as little
damage as possible to the transmitter. A report
from the operating personnel on the trouble ex-
perienced will usually aid in making repairs.
Refer to the following figures as an additional
aid in locating trouble:
Figs. 47-50. Apparatus Location Diagrams.
Fig. 52. Location of Alignment and Tuning
Controls.
Fig. 59. Voltage Diagram.
Fig. 60. Resistance Diagram.
Fig. 75. Wiring Diagram.
b. Inspection. Remove all covers from the
transmitter and inspect for obvious defects.
These may include broken parts, burned resistors,
bent capacitor plates, bent pins on the connection
plugs, or loose pieces of wire or metal. Smell for
evidence of overheated parts. There may be
broken gears, or the rack connecting the selector
to the tuning capacitors may be out of align-
ment. Check for loose tubes or looseness in the
grip of the socket receptacles on the contact pins
of the tubes. Check for loose wires and repair
any broken leads. Clean the inside, both top and
bottom, with compressed air, paying especial at-
tention to the selector mechanism.
Note: If an air hose is used, be sure any water
condensed in it is blown out before applying the
air stream to the equipment. Use only air in-
tended for cleaning purposes and don't blow
hard enough to dislodge or damage any appa-
ratus.
c. Preliminary Precautions.
Caution: When the transmitter is operated
with covers removed, dangerous voltages are
exposed. Be careful.
Never run the dynamotor for long periods in
either the RECEIVER TUNE or OPERATE position.
The design requirements of the dynamotor are
based upon 5 minutes operation with 15 minutes
off. In addition to this, prolonged operation of
the set may cause objectionable heating effects
within the transmitter. Never start the dyna-
motor with the transmitter ON-OFF switch (fila-
ment switch). Start the dynamotor with the RE-
CEIVER TUNE-OPERATE switch or the microphone
switch after the filaments have been heated for
about 5 seconds (by closing the ON-OFF switch).
d. Power Supply Check. Lay the transmitter
on its side with the panel up so you can read the
meter and see the under chassis parts. Don't
connect a microphone to the set.
Plug in auxiliary Cord CD-786 to connect the
battery to the power receptacle on the transmit-
ter. If the dynamotor starts, look for a stuck dyna-
motor relay or shorted relay contacts.
Turn the main ON-OFF switch to ON. The
green signal lamp should light. If the lamp does
not light, check for a burned-oul; pilot lamp or
loose wiring at terminals 1 and 2 of PGlOl.
Watch carefully for other obvious trouble as
soon as the switch is turned on.
If desired, a voltmeter may be connected across
the power supply during these tests. Operating
the'filament supply switch (Paragraph 40r)
should not cause an appreciable change in the
voltage reading if no trouble is present. If the
dynamotor is short-circuited, the main fuse will
open or there will be a continuous low-voltage
reading when the dynamotor starts.
Assuming that the dynamotor does not start
when the filament supply switch is operated and
that no other trouble is noticed after operating
the switch, connect a microphone to the set.
Momentarily operate the microphone push but-
ton and note that the dynamotor starts. If the
dynamotor does not start, inspect relay Si02 for
breakage, contact failure, or defective wiring.
Inspect the dynamotor jacks and wiring. Check
the dynamotor and also the microphone cord and
jack. The dynamotor may start but may indicate
by high-speed whine that it is operating at no
load. Inspect for an open high-voltage fuse and
other open-circuit trouble on the high-voltage
supply leads. If the dynamotor starts but operates
at low speed, check for a high-voltage overload.
Remove the high-voltage fuse. If the dynamotor
still labors, remove the battery cord from the set
124
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TM 11-620
PAR. 40
IV. MAINTENANCE
Switch position
Table VI. Meter Switch Readings*
234
Doubter First R-f
Grid Grid
Rectifier
Grid
Tripler
Grid
Power Amplifier
Grid
Total Plate
and Screen
Circuit
Meter reading (27.0 me)
Mecer reading (38.9 me)
30 30
20 25
20
25
20
25
30
30
Transmitter RECEIVER TUNE-OPERATE switch at RECEIVER TUNE.
30
30
and determine where the short circuit is and
check the dynamotor.
e. Check of R-f Stages. Assuming that the
dynamotor starts satisfactorily and that no other
trouble is noticed upon operating the microphone
push button, proceed to a rough check of the
operation of the radio-frequency stages.
Check that all crystals are in place.
Caution: High voltage is present on the crys-
tal pin-jacks when the transmitter is operating.
Don't take chances.
Operate the push button for the highest fre-
quency channel. Place the RECEIVER TUNE-OPER-
ATE switch on RECEIVER TUNE and the TUNE-
ANT CUR switch on TUNE. Turn the METER
SWITCH on the right end of the transmitter to
position 2 and observe the oscillator output to
the first radio-frequency stage. This current will
be considerably diffe ent for crystals of different
activity. Any reading is probably satisfactory.
(Note: This current may be high for sets with a
1000-ohm resistor R106; see Paragraph 44.) Op-
erate the METER SWITCH successively to positions
3, 4, 1, and 5, observing the grid current to the
rectifier, tripler, doubler, and power amplifier.
The current readings given in Table VI may be
used as a guide, but it is recommended (on ac-
count of possible wide tube and circuit varia-
tions) that the normal current readings for each
transmitter be recorded for use in locating
trouble. (Also see Paragraph 31f.) If you obtain
a considerably different reading from that shown
in Table VI at one point, your trouble may be
near the point of such reading. Voltage and re-
sistance readings in accordance with Figs. 59 and
60 should be made at the stage in which trouble
is suspected to be present; if necessary, replace
the tube in that stage. Low-voltage readings
indicate short circuits or high series resistance;
high-voltage readings in general indicate defec-
tive tubes or open circuits or shorted series re-
sistors.
Start the transmitter and check the selector
adjustment by depressing the no. 1 push button
and observing the maximum meter deflections
with the METER SWITCH in positions 3, 4, 1, and
5, as the gang capacitor is varied slightly against
the restoring force of the selector springs. Do
not attempt to rotate the capacitor control more
than a few degrees. The meter should indicate a
maximum deflection at the capacitor setting de-
termined by the selector. If the selector does not
properly position the gang capacitor, it should
be reset in accordance with Paragraph 2\a. If the
transmitter has been incorrectly tuned to the
crystal frequency, incorrect peaking with METER
SWITCH positions 1 and 3 will probably result.
Improper alignment (assuming that the tun-
ing was done properly) will probably result in
low meter readings in positions 1 and 5.
Do not operate with the switch on RECEIVER
TUNE for more than a few minutes at a time. If
no trouble is indicated by the meter readings with
the push button for the highest-numbered chan-
nel operated, take similar readings on the other
channels in sequence.
/. Tuning Check. If your meter readings in-
dicate need for tuning the channels, perform the
tuning adjustments in accordance with Paragraph
2 Li and check as discussed in Paragraph 40?
preceding.
g. Power Amplifier Check. To check the op-
eration of the power amplifier, throw the RE-
CEIVER TUNE-OPERATE Switch to OPERATE.
Throw the TUNE-ANT CUR switch to ANT CUR
and see if the power output can be varied by
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PARS. 40-41
TM 11-620
variation of the antenna trimmer capacitor. An
antenna (see Paragraph 38&) must be connected
for this test. Also read the plate current (METER
SWITCH in position 6 and TUNE-ANT CUR switch
on TUNE) with the RECEIVER TUNE-OPERATE
switch first at RECEIVER TUNE and then at OPER-
ATE (microphone button pressed). The differ-
ence in readings should give the normal power
amplifier plate current. Watch for sparking and
overheating in the power amplifier tube itself.
If there is output from the preceding stage and
none from the power amplifier, check the volt-
age and resistance readings for the stage and the
tube itself. Also check alignment of the power
amplifier stage.
h. Check of Audio Stages. Replace the bot-
tom cover plate and place the transmitter on the
mounting for check with the associated receiver.
Turn the SIDETONE control to maximum. Speak
into a microphone. Sidetone should be heard in
the associated receiver. As an over-all check of
the audio stages and the transmitter itself, oper-
ate the transmitter and listen on the receiver of
another set. This should give a satisfactory check
for both operation and noise in the transmitter.
If there is trouble in the audio stages, make a
voltage and resistance check of both stages. Op-
erating the transmitter with its own receiver will
also give you a satisfactory check of the operation
of the control circuits.
/'. Intermittent Trouble. Whenever a com-
plete inspection of a transmitter is made, every
effort should be made to locate and clear inter-
mittent trouble. Do this by complete inspection
of parts and wiring and by gently shaking or
jarring the transmitter.
4l. Maintenance of Dynamotors.
a. Service Tools. No special tools are required
for the ordinary care of Dynamotors DM-34- ( * ),
DM-35-(*),DM-36-(*),andDM-37-(*).The
following tools and material are desirable:
13'/^-inch cabinet screwdriver.
1Small pair of pliers.
1Toothbrush.
1Clean cloth.
1Gin of light machine oil.
1Can or tube of Type S-58 lubricant, or its
equivalent.
1Light hammer.
1Center punch.
A few sheets of grade 0000 (4/0) sandpaper.
b. Troubles and their Remedy.
(1) Failure to Start, or Dynamotor Stops:
Correction
Check d-c supply and
tighten connections.
Possible Cause
No d-c supply; open or
Joose connection.
Brushes not seating
properly; dirty, sticking,
or worn brushes.
Poor commutation; dirty
or rough commutator.
Worn bearings; arma-
ture strikes pole faces or
connections.
Defective armature;
short-circuited or open-
circuited.
Remove brushes. Clean
thoroughly and reseat or
replace as required.
Clean commutator and
brushes; if rough, sand
with 4/0 sandpaper;
turn commutator.
Replace bearings.
Replace dynamotor.
(2) Excessive Arcing at Brushes:
Possible Cause
Poor commutation; dirty
or rough commutator.
Brushes not seating
properly; dirty, sticking,
or worn brushes.
Correction
brushes; if rough, sand
with 4/0 sandpaper;
turn commutator.
Remove brushes. Clean
thoroughly and reseat or
replace as required.
Defective brush spring. Replace brush assembly.
Short circuit between
bars; dirty commutator.
Clean commutator, or
replace dynamotor.
Open-circuited armature Replace dynamotor.
coil.
(3) Rapid Brush Wear:
Possible Came
Excessive aicing.
High mica.
Dirty commutator.
Correction
See (2).
Replace dynamotot.
brushes; smooth with
4/0 sandpaper.
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TM 11-620
PAR. 41
IV. MAINTENANCE
(4) Excessive Noise Picked Up in Radio
Receiver BC-683-A:
Possible Cause
Sparking at commutator.
Loose connections.
Capacitor open- or short-
circuited.
Correction
See (2).
Tighten connections.
Replace capacitor.
(5) Excessive Noise and Vibration:
Possible Cause
Armature striking in-
ternal wiring.
Armature striking pole
pieces.
Worn bearings.
Correction
Rearrange wiring.
Replace dynamotor.
Replace dynamotor.
If there is grit in the bearings, you can clean
them temporarily by removing the armature and
swishing the bearings back and forth in cleaning
fluid, such as petroleum spirits, kerosene, gaso-
line, or carbon tetrachloride. Be careful not to
insert the armature far enough into the fluid to
permit the windings to become wet. After clean-
ing, shake off as much cleaning fluid as possible,
then insert the bearings into a bath of light ma-
chine oil, remove, and allow to drain before
repacking with grease as outlined in Paragraph
c. Routine Maintenance. If the radio equip-
ment is operating normally, the dynamotors
should need servicing (including lubrication)
only about every 300 hours of use. The life of
the dynamotor will be extended substantially if
the end bells are removed and the dust wiped
from the commutators and the brush holders
every 100 hours or oftener. Unnecessary dress-
ing of commutators, manipulating of brushes, or
excessive greasing is likely to be harmful.
Note: In the following paragraphs, numbers in
parentheses correspond to numbers in Figs. 41
and 42, exploded views of the two dynamotors,
which are found on pages 67-68.
(1) Lubrication. Remove the end covers
(13) by cutting the safety wires on the ends of
the dynamotor and removing screws (14), wash-
ers (16), and lock washers (15). Wipe out loose
dust and dirt. Take out the screws (28) holding
the bearing bracket end plate (27) and remove
the end plate, being careful not to lose any shims
from the end of the shaft. With the toothbrush
and cloth remove all old and hardened grease.
Apply two or three drops of light machine oil
to the ball bearings, and repack the outer side
of the bearing with a small amount of Type S-58
lubricant as made by the New York and New
Jersey Lubricant Company, or the equivalent.
Do not get oil or grease on the commutator or
brushes.
(2) Commutators. A highly polished com-
mutator surface is very desirable. Don't mistake
a dark color for a burned condition. If the sur-
face is smooth and is polished and the commu-
tation satisfactory, leave it alone. Slight sparking
does not necessarily mean poor commutation. If
the surface of a commutator becomes dirty, wipe
with a clean cloth. If necessary, wipe with a
cloth moistened with cleaning fluid such as
petroleum spirits, kerosene, or gasoline, fol-
lowed by a dry cloth. Keep bearings and housing
clean. Remove the covers and clean out the dust
and dirt frequently. This cleaning should include
removing the brushes and wiping the inside of
the brush holders and the external surfaces of
the brushes.
(3) Brushes. Each brush has a flexible pig-
tail and spring designed to limit the rotation of
the spring and pigtail to a minimum when re-
placing a brush cap. Replace brushes when they
are less than l^-inch long as measured from the
bearing surface to the spring. Brush pressure is
satisfactory if 1^ inch or more of the spring ex-
tends out of the brush holder when the holder
cap is removed and the end of the brush is bear-
ing on the commutator. Run in new or re-dressed
brushes for several hours at no load when pos-
sible, to obtain proper fit before the dynamotor
carries full load. It is desirable that the brushes
be so seated that they bear over 100 per cent of
their arc and have at least 75 per cent of their
area in contact with the commutator. When
brushes are replaced after removal, be sure you
return them to the same holders from which they
were removed. Insert the brushes in their re-
131
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PAR. 41 RADIO SETS SCR-6 08-A AND SCR-628-A TM 11-620
spective holders with the polarity mark facing as low as possible, so make sure the brush pig-
upwards. When checking or replacing brushes tail is in good condition. If a brush pigtail is
make sure they slide easily in the brush holder; broken or loose in the brush or end cap, the cur-
if they do not, the spring cannot force the brush rent has a tendency to go through the brush
against the commutator. spring. This causes the spring to overheat, lose
It is very important to keep brush resistance its temper, and give low brush pressure.
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TM 11-620
PAR. 42
V. SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
SECTION V. SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
42. Replacement of Parts.
a. Mounting FT-237-(*).
(I) Method of Removing Coaxial Cables
from L and T Connectors.
(a) Remove the covers from the rear and
end channels of the mounting.
(b) Unsolder at the ground clips the
ground wires running from the ferrule of the
coaxial cable to the ground clips in the channel;
remove the varnished sleeving and bend the
wires back from the channel.
(c) Remove the cover clips from the
connectors and unsolder the connections inside
the connectors.
(d) Loosen the Bristo set screw on the
under side of the connectors, cut the tie strings
which hold the coaxial cable in position, and
pull out the coaxial cable and connectors from
the rear channel.
TO RADIO RECEIVER BC-683-A
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APPARATUS LEGEND
J402 RECEIVER B CONNECTION
J4O3 TRANSMITTER CONNECTION
J404 TRANSMITTER ANT CONNECTION
J405 RECEIVER ANT CONNECTION
RECEIVER A CONNECTION TS40I TERMINAL STRIP
Fig. 61. Mounting FT-237-(*): Schematic Diagram
133
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PAR. 42
TM 11-620
(e) Cut the tie strings holding the co-
axial cable in position in the end channel, un-
solder the connection between the coaxial cable
and the capacitor, remove the screw and nut
from the coaxial cable ground clamp, and pull
out the coaxial cable from the end channel.
(f) With the connector held in a pair of
gas pliers in the left hand, place the connector
against the tip of a 200-watt soldering iron (held
stationary), and remove the cable from the con-
nector by pulling with the right hand when the
solder in the connector has been heated suffici-
ently to become fluid. Remove the excess solder
from the connector by tapping it while hot
against a solid object. (This permits ready re-use
of the connector). The ground clip at the end
of the coaxial cable may be removed and pre-
pared for re-use in the same manner as for con-
nectors.
(2) Method of Soldering Coaxial Cables to
L and T Connectors.
(a) Assemble the ground wire to the
ferrule by wrapping bare, tinned 22-gauge wire
approximately three quarters of a turn around
the cable close to the ferrule and approximately
"three turns around the ferrule as close to the end
of the ferrule as practicable. (The wire should
be twisted around the open, or flat, bead end of
the cable.) Spot solder the wire to. the ferrule
(one spot) and cut off the wire end wrapped
around the cable. The other end of the wire
should be left approximately 3 inches long. Do
not heat the coaxial any more than is absolutely
necessary to solder it, otherwise the beads in the
coaxial cable will soften.
(b) Insert the cable into the connector (L
or T) far enough so that the bead is approxi-
mately iV-inch inside of the milled-out portion
of the connector. Hold the connector and the
cable in a vertical position; solder the ferrule
of the cable and the ground wire to the con-
nector, using a 200-watt soldering iron. Avoid
unnecessary heating of the cable.
(c) With the cable in a horizontal po-
sition, solder the ground clamp to the ferrule at
the end of the cable. To avoid twisting the cable,
solder the ground clamp at approximately 90
degrees to the long axis of the portion of the
connector having the Bristo set screw.
(d) Place the cable in a position adjacent
to and approximately parallel with the rear
channel. Assemble the varnished tubing on the
ferrule ground wires and connect and solder the
ground wires to the ground clip at the J401 and
J402 receptacles.
(e) Place the coaxial cable in the chan-
nel, push the connectors into position on the
radio-frequency terminals of the J401 and J402
receptacles, and tighten the Bristo set screws with
a aVinch Bristo hexagonal wrench. Assemble the
ground clamp in the end channel with the screw
and nut.
(f) Inside the connectors, twist together,
solder, and clip the coaxial cable wires and the
wires from the radio-frequency terminal on the
J401 and J402 receptacles.
Note: Be sure the beads are in position on the
wire from the radio-frequency terminals on the
receptacles before twisting the wires together.
If necessary, replace the beads.
Twist together, solder, and clip the coaxial
wire and the capacitor terminal in the end chan-
nel.
(g) Tie the coaxial cable to the hexago-
nal nut of the plunger pin assembly and to the
local cable (approximately seven ties).
(h) Replace the channel covers.
(1) Replacement of a Channel Selector
Unit. To replace a channel selector (tuner) unit
in a receiver, perform the following operations.
(a) Connections to be Unsoldered.Un-
solder seven (sometimes eight) electrical con-
nections at the tuner unit (channel selector) to
release it from other receiver apparatus.
(b) Screws to be Removed.
(1) Remove the four screws releasing
the front guard of the receiver.
(2) Remove the eight screws releasing
the front panel.
(3) Loosen the five screws in the rear
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TM 11-620
PAR. 42
of the tuner, releasing the tuner unit from the
receiver chassis.
(c) Method of Replacing Channel Se-
lector.
(1) With the front panel guard and
front panel removed from the receiver, insert
the tuner unit through the front panel opening
into the chassis.
(2) Loosely fasten the unit to the
chassis by five screws. Do not tighten these
screws. See operation ( 5) for tightening.
(3) With the tuner loosely in place
add the front panel with its apparatus, and fas-
ten securely to the chassis (six screws) and the
tuner unit (two screws).
(4) Add the front panel guard to the
receiver, secure it firmly with four screws.
(5) Supplement operation (2) by se-
curing the tuner firmly to the chassis with the
five screws in the rear of the tuner. Be sure to
follow this procedure of fastening the five rear
screws as it avoids setting up a strain while
tightening the two front screws which hold the
tuner in position: (The six other screws which
hold the front panel do not affect the tuner.)
Such possible strain might permanently impair
the accuracy of the tuner. Check to see that all
push buttons operate smoothly and do not bind
on the receiver panel.
(6) Resolder the seven (sometimes
eight) electrical connections at the tuner unit.
(2) Replacement of a Push-button (Plun-
ger) Assembly in a Channel Selector.
(a) Release the push, button setting as
described in Paragraph 2\b. Release all push
buttons.
(b) Screw Removal Operation.
(1) Remove four screws to release the
front panel guard.
(2) Remove eight screws to release the
front panel.
(3) Remove four flathead screws to
release the tuner front plate and the latch-plate
assembly.
(c) Removal of Latch-plate and Push-
button Assembly.Pull the lower end of the
latch-plate assembly outward slightly. Grasp the
edges of the latch plate just behind the face plate
and pull the latch plate downward. Pull the en-
tire assembly outward gently to prevent jam-
ming, and nurse the top end of the latch plate
past the edge of the mounting bracket. Pull the
assembly further until it separates from the con-
necting .rods.
(d) Substitution of Push Button.With
the push buttons hanging downward, pull the
latch plate back against its spring. Remove the
faulty button and replace it with a new button
making sure that the notch is in line with the
notch on other buttons. Allow the latch plate
to return to normal.
(e) Replacement of Latch-plate and
Push-button Assembly.Line up the latch-plate
assembly with the connecting rods. Release the
latch plate and mesh each button separately,
starting at the top. When all are properly
meshed, pull all buttons forward so that the
latch plate can release and hold them. Push the
assembly into place carefully by nursing the
latch plate past the mounting bracket while the
latch plate is pulled down. When it is in position,
release the latch plate and replace the flathead
screws to hold it in place. Replace the front panel
and the front panel guard. Set the push buttons
for the desired channels as described in Para-
graph 21 b.
(I) Replacement of a Channel Selector
Unit. To replace a channel selector (tuner)
unit in a transmitter, perform the following
operations.
(a) Connections to be Unsoldered.
(1) Unsolder the short and long co-
axial cables at antenna post A on the rear of the
front panel. Also unsolder R155 from this post.
(2) Unsolder the short coaxial cable at
the antenna relay S1Ol.
(3) Unsolder at the relay (S1Ol) the
capacitor (C161) which connects a long coaxial
cable to this relay.
(4) Unsolder, at the relay, the bare
wire which connects the top of the L1ll coil to
the antenna relay.
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PAR. 42
TM 11-620
(5) Unsolder, at the bottom of the
L1l0 output coil, the bare wire (covered with
varnished tubing) which leads to the power am-
plifier screen resistor (R114) located in the bot-
tom compartment of the chassis. Also unsolder
the black-red wire leading from the coil to the
local cable of the transmitter.
(6) Unsolder, at the insulated stud E,
the bare wire leading to the bottom of the left-
hand tuner contact spring assembly.
(7) Unsolder, at the crystal oven, the
ten electrical connections to the tuner spring
contact assembly.
(1) Remove the screw on top of the
selector to release the ground terminal lug and
wire leading to ground post G on the rear of the
front panel.
(2) Remove six screws from the ther-
mocouple, releasing it from its electrical connec-
tions and mounting.
(3) Remove the screw which secures
the ground lug to the top of the tuner,the lug
to which the ground wires leading to the short
and long coaxial cables ferrules are connected.
(4) Remove the screw from the top of
the tuner, releasing the clamp that holds the
long coaxial cable in place across the top of the
unit. Carefully bend this cable to the left so that
it will not interfere with vertical movement of
the tuner.
(5) Remove four screws; releasing the
antenna relay (Sl0l) from its location. Rotate
the relay upward and to the right.
(6) Remove the gear from the bottom
end of the tuner shaft by loosening the set screws
with the Bristo wrench, and remove the rack
connecting the tuner to the six-gang capacitor.
(7) Remove the three screws at the
base of the tuner, releasing it from the chassis.
(8) Remove the four screws in the
panel guard and remove the guard; unscrew the
seven front panel screws and rotate the panel
about its right-hand edge (where cables are lo-
cated) to remove the panel apparatus from the
panel opening. Lift the channel selector unit out
through the top opening of the transmitter.
(c) Method of Replacing Channel Se-
lector.
(1) With the front panel guard re-
moved and the front panel swung out of the
way, insert the selector unit into the chassis
through the top opening of the transmitter.
(2) Loosely fasten the unit to the
chassis by the three screws applied into the base
of the selector through the bottom opening of
the transmitter.
(3) Repeat, in reverse order, the re-
maining steps of (a) and (b) preceding with
the exception of (b) (6).
Caution: When fastening the tuner firmly in'
position (after the front panel and its apparatus
have been secured to the transmitter), observe
that the tuner shaft rotates freely; if it does not,
loosen the three mounting screws and shift the
tuner until the tuner shaft is free to rotate with-
out binding action. When locating the front
panel and the tuner in position, be sure the push
buttons do not rub in the panel openings.
(4) With the six-gang capacitor fully
engaged and the pin (on the disk by which this
capacitor is manually rotated) resting against
the front stop in the semicircular opening in the
right end of the chassis, and with the single-
section tuning capacitor at the top of the tuner
also fully closed (maximum capacitance), insert
the gear on the tuner shaft, assemble the rack in
place, and securely tighten the set screw on the
gear. Note that the rack is centrally located and
that it moves freely back and forth over its total
travel.
(2) Replacement of Capacitor Assembly
(Including Six-gang Capacitor and Trimmer Ca-
pacitors). To replace a capacitor assembly in a
transmitter, perform the following operations.
(a) Connections to be Unsoldered.Un-
solder, through the bottom opening of the trans-
mitter, all wires connecting to the six-gang ca-
pacitors.
(1) Remove, at the left-hand end of
the gang capacitor, the screw which holds a
bracket and insulated terminal in place.
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TM 11-620
PARS. 42-43
(2) Through the bottom of the trans-
mitter remove four screws from the trimmer
capacitor assembly bracket, releasing the entire
capacitor assembly from the chassis.
(c) Replacement of Capacitor Assembly.
Remove the capacitor assembly, replace with a
new unit, and reassemble in reverse order from
(a) and (b).
(3) Replacement of Gang Capacitor in the
Gang-capacitor Assembly.
(a) Repeat operations of (2) (a) and
(2) (b) preceding to release the entire capacitor
assembly from the transmitter chassis.
(b) Unsolder all electrical connections
between the six-gang capacitor assembly and the
trimmer capacitors.
(c) Remove four elastic stop nuts on the
six-gang capacitor assembly to release the brack-
et on which the associated trimmer capacitors are
mounted.
(d) Separate the six-gang capacitor from
the trimmer capacitor assembly bracket released
by the stop nuts.
(e) Replace the six-gang capacitor with
a new unit and reassemble, with the trimmer
capacitor assembly, into the transmitter chassis.
(4) Replacement of Trimmer Capacitor
Assembly.
(a) Repeat the operations of (3) (a)
and (3)(d) preceding.
(b) Replace the trimmer capacitor sec-
tion with a new unit and reassemble, with the
six-gang capacitor assembly, into the transmitter
chassis.
(5) Replacement of a Push-button (Plun-
ger) Assembly in a Transmitter Channel Selector.
To replace a channel selector push button in a
transmitter, perform the following operations.
(a) Unsolder the long and short coaxial
cables at antenna post A on the rear of the front
panel.
(b) Remove the screw from the frame at
the top of the selector unit to release the ground
terminal wire leading to ground post G on the
rear of the front panel.
(c) Remove the tie-string which supports
the short coaxial cable in the position near the
left-hand post of. the panel meter.
(d) Remove the four screws holding the
front panel guard.
(e) Remove the seven screws holding the
front panel and rotate the panel outward about
its right-hand edge.
(f) Remove the four screws on the tuner
front plate and latch-plate assembly in order
to release the push buttons.
(g) Pull the defective plunger (pushbut-
ton) forward to separate it from its associated
rod.
(h) Replace plunger and reassemble.
(6) Removal of Tuning Coils in Low Power
Stages..
(a) Unsolder the leads to the upper and
lower terminals of the defective coil winding
(L106, L107, L108, L118, or L119).
(b) Break the Glyptal seal at the bottom
of the cylindrical metal tube in the top compart-
ment.
(c) Unscrew the metal tube from the
coil form.
(d) Remove the coil winding assembly
from the chassis by withdrawing it from its lo-
cation hole into the bottom compartment of the
transmitter.
(7) Removal of Coaxial Cable Terminals
from Plug PG101.
(a) Unsolder the ground straps between
the coaxial cable ferrules and the chassis.
(b) Remove two screws and hexagonal
nuts from each end of the plug to release the two
metal plates (clamps) that hold the cable ter-
minals in place.
(c) Remove the metal clamps and pull
the cables and terminals from their locations in
the plug.
43. Modifications during Manufacture.
a. General. The radio equipment described in
this manual has been produced in large quan-
tities over a relatively long period of time. Dur-
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PAR. 43
TM 11-620
ing this period the equipments have been under
continual study in the manufacturing plants and
in the field. Some changes in the equipment have
resulted from these studies. By far the greatest
number of changes has been due to the neces-
sity of using a different material, or a part from
a different manufacturer. In general, you will
find that the units which comprise your radio
set will differ in some slight respect from other
similar units bearing the same order number.
This apparatus has not only been made in
large quantities but also has been constructed by
a number of different subcontractors, which
means that there may be minor differences in
construction or parts. Watch for these variations
although" in most cases they will not affect serv-
icing procedure.
Changes in materials or in the source from
which similar parts are obtained do not in general
affect the servicing procedure, so this type of
change is not described in this manual. Circuit
and apparatus changes which should be known
to aid the proper servicing of the unit are de-
scribed in some detail in Paragraph 43 for the
receiver and Paragraph 43f for the transmitter.
Figure 70 is a schematic diagram of the re-
ceiver showing how it was before these changes
were made. The parts that have been changed
are crossed out and the new arrangements shown.
Figure 73 gives corresponding information for
the transmitter.
If you wish to make any of these changes in
an earlier equipment and if the change has been
authorized, all the items listed under a particular
minor heading in the change must be made as a
group in order to obtain the desired improve-
ing in the plate circuit of V5. L71 should be the
secondary winding in the grid circuit of V6.
(3) Changes Ajecting Cll. Cll has been
reduced from 0.01 to 0.006 microfarad. The pur-
pose of this change was to reduce the number of
0.01 -microfarad capacitors.
(4) Changes Ajecting C82 and C20.3. C82
has bean reduced from 0.01 to 0.006 microfarad.
C20.3 has been connected in parallel with C82.
(It was previously in parallel with C20.2.) The
purpose of this change was to reduce the number
of 0.01-microfarad capacitors. It was found that
the audio-frequency impedance of the circuit at
the points across which C82 is connected should
be reduced to improve circuit operation. This
was accomplished by connecting C20.3 across
C82 after which C82 could be reduced. It was
found, also, that when C20.3 was so connected,
the stability of the circuit was better than it had
been with C20.3 connected across C20.2.
ment.
(1) Changes Affecting Rl7 and R19.R17
has been changed from 1 megohm to 0.25 meg-
ohm. R19 has been changed from 1 megohm to
2 megohms. The purpose of this change was to
increase the voltage on the CALL SIGNAL lamp.
(2) Changes Affecting L72 and Lll. In
earlier drawings these two inductors were shown
interchanged. L72 should be the primary wind-
Changes Involving R8, R21, R71, R72,
R74, and Cll (Limiter Characteristics of V5).
R8 has been increased from 20,000 to 70,000 ohms
(l/2-watt type).
R21, which is a 30,000-ohm (2-watt) type, has been
added.
R71 has been increased from 100,000 ohms to 250,000
ohms.
R72 has been decreased from 43,000 ohms to 30,000
ohms.
R74 has been decreased from 10,000 to 1,000 onms
(i/2- watt type).
C71 has been decreased from 100 to 50 micromicro-
farads.
These wiring changes were desirable because,
on very strong signals, the output of the limiter
previously fell off so much as to interfere with
the operation of the squelch circuit under some
conditions. In addition, the changes improved
the reception of weak signals through high noise
levels. In general, the changes were:
To make the second intermediate-frequency am-
plifier, V5, a more elective limiter by louenn
screen and flate voltages. This involves R8 and
R2 1 and a change in the plate return of V5. RH
formerly 10,000 ohms, could be reduced to 1000
ohms as drop in this resistor was no longer re-
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TM 11-620
PAR. 43
quired. R71 was increased to improve the limit-
ing action. This necessitated reducing C71 to
maintain the proper time constant. R72 was de-
creased to obtain optimum load cross L7l.
To remove the second intermediate-frequency
amplifier from the influence of the delayed-auto-
viatic-volume-control circuit. This improved re-
ception through strong noise. It involved moving
the grid return of V5 from the automatic-vol-
ume-control circuit to the negative end of the
dynamotor.
These changes are indicated graphically in
Fig. 70 which shows the old arrangement crossed
out and the new arrangement added.
The actual changes in wiring are as follows:
(a) Move one pigtail of R8 from ter-
minal 5 of FL2A to terminal 2 of FL2A.
(b) Remove a wire (covered with a black
sleeve) from terminal 6 of VS5 and terminal 5
of FL3A.
(c) Connect one pigtail of R21 to ter-
minal 5 of FL2A and the other pigtail to terminal
5 of FL3A.
(d) Remove the green (tracer) wire
from terminal 4 of VS9 and connect it to that
terminal of C25 to which the blue (tracer) leads
are connected.
(e) Add a blue-brown (tracer) wire
from terminal 5 of FL3A to terminal 5 of FL4.
(6) Change Involving C44. This 30-micro-
microfarad capacitor ia the radio-frequency os-
cillator circuit was changed from silver mica to
an N-080 Ceramicon. The change was made to
improve temperature stability.
(7) Change Involving C26. C26 has been
reduced from 0.001 to 0.0005 microfarad. This
was done to permit the use of a ceramic capacitor
as an alternate. This change also improved the
operation of the beat oscillator by reducing the
pull-in at low frequencies.
(8) Changes in Capacitors of Dynamotors.
In Dynamotors DM-34-(*) and DM-36-(*),
all the filter capacitors in some units have been
reduced from 0.005 to 0.003 microfarad. No re-
duction in circuit performance results from this
change. Where a replacement problem involves
a substitution of a filter capacitor, either a 0.003
or*a 0.005-microfarad unit may be used in any
position in the dynamotor without regard to the
capacitance of the remaining units, but the re-
placements must meet the voltage rating pre-
scribed in Paragraph 45, Table of Replaceable
Parts.
(9) Change in C35. This unit was reduced
from 0.01 to 0.006 microfarad.
(10) Changes Affecting C53, C54, C55, C56,
C63, C64, C65, C66, C73, C74, Cl5, C76, C84,
C85, C86, C87, C88. These changes are tabulated
as follows:
Capacitance Value
Filter
Original Unit
Original
Replacing
FLlA
C53andC54
*50 + flO
160
FLlA
C55 and C56
flO+ *50
}60
FL2A
C63 and C64
*50 + flO
J60
FL2A
C65 and C66
flO-f *50
J60
FL3A
C73 and C74
*50+ flO
\60
FL3A
C75 and C76
flO-f *50
\60
FL4
C84,C85,andC86
J5, *50, and
J60 and
*50
160
FL4
C87 and C88
*25 + tlO
135
*Silver-mica.
tCeramic N-680.
JCcramic N-080.
In filter units FL1A, FL2A, FL3A, and FL4
of the receiver, small ceramic capacitors were
used originally in combination with silver-mica
capacitors to provide temperature-compensated
tuning capacitances. In later equipments these
combinations of two capacitors have been re-
placed by single ceramic units each having ca-
pacitance and temperature compensation equal
to those of the combination which it replaced.
This is possible because a ceramic capacitor can
be provided with any desired temperature co-
efficient (over a substantial range of positive and
negative values). The single ceramic capacitor
may be used as a direct replacement for the com-
bination or vice versa. All the changes listed here
fall in this class. Most of them are combinations
where two units were in parallel and the changes
involved a single ceramic with capacitance equal
to the sum of the two and a temperature coeffici-
ent equivalent to their combination. In FL4,
however, C85 and C86 (each a 50-micromicro-
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PAR. 43
TM 11-620
farad silver-mica capacitor) were in series and
C84 (a 5-micromicrofarad Ceramicon) was in
parallel with the combination, making a total
of 30 micromicrofarads. C85 and C86 have been
changed to 60-micromicrof arad Ceramicons with
the desired temperature coefficient which makes
C84 unnecessary.
(11) Change in Designation of Switch D2.
Switch D2 on the receiver was originally desig-
nated RADIO & EXT-EXT ONLY This designation
was changed to OUTPUT TO PHONES ON-OFF to
provide a better conception of the function of
this switch.
(12) Change to Sealed Unit LCU3-C.
LCU3-C units are sometimes supplied as spare
parts in place of LCU3-A units to replace the
LCU3-A oscillator unit. The LCU3-C unit is es-
sentially the same as the LCU3-A unit, except
that it has been sealed to exclude moisture, there-
by improving frequency stability of the receiver
under high humidity conditions. The terminal
numbers molded in the bakelite seals of the
LCU3-C unit correspond to the terminal num-
bers of the unsealed LCU3-A unit.
If difficulty is encountered with frequency
stability of a receiver under high humidity con-
ditions, replace the LCU3-A unit with an
LCU3-C sealed unit as follows:
Wire the LCU3-C unit in place without dis-
turbing the cap. The adjustable slug of the
LCU3 C unit has been preset at the factory and
should seldom require adjustment during the
alignment procedure. The capacity trimmer C1.7
should be adjusted for dial tracking at 38 mega-
cycles and the dial tracking checked at 28, 32,
and 35 megacycles. In many instances a slight
readjustment of C1.7 will improve alignment.
A maximum dial tracking error at any fre-
quency of three-fourths channel division is con-
sidered quite satisfactory providing the maxi-
mum error at the other two check frequencies is
less than one-half dial division. When dial errors
somewhat in excess of these values are found,
they can frequently be tolerated; in such cases, it
is preferable to avoid tampering with the seal of
the unit, even though the tracking is not all that
might be desired.
Caution: This unit is sealed against moisture.
Do not remove the cap unless absolutely neces-
sary.
Should a slug adjustment at 28 megacycles be
found necessary, use the following procedure:
(a) Find as dry a place as possible.
(b) Run the receiver about an hour with
the dust cover in place to warm the unit.
(c) To remove the cap, heat the single
point solder seal of the cap with a soldering iron
while exerting a turning motion on the cap.
(d) Complete the alignment as quickly
as possible.
(e) Replace the cap and re-solder in
place.
(f) If the cap was off for more than five
minutes, run the receiver at least an hour with
the dust cover in place and the cap off the unit.
(g) Remove dust cover, replace cap, and
re-solder.
(1) A Change that Should be Made in Ex-
isting Equipment: Fuse F101. Fuse Fl0l should
be of 1/2-ampere rating. Some of the early equip-
ment had 1-ampere fuses which do not always
give adequate protection. One-half ampere fuses
(as supplied in the spare parts groups) should
be substituted for any 1-ampere fuses in this
position.
(2) Changes in Parts.
(a) Change in C147.The unit used in
later production is a ceramic-type capacitor of
cylindrical form covered with a black bakelite
finish. This is the preferred replacement part. It
is specified with plus or minus 2 per cent toler-
ance and rated at 800 volts, working. If it cannot
be obtained it is satisfactory to use the single 175-
micromicrofarad unit of the C-D Type 1R ca-
pacitor or four 175-micromicrofarad units of
die C-D Type 5R capacitor in series-parallel.
It is not satisfactory to use a single C-D Type
5R unit.
(b) Changes in Dynamotor Relay S102.
This relay has been changed from a Type AO
to a Type BO relay with increased contact pres-
149
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TM 11-620
PAR. 43
sure in the operated position. The latter unit is
preferable but either can be used as available.
(c) Change in R107.R107 was changed
from 1/2-watt to 1-watt raring at 30,000 ohms in
order to care for the higher current taken by
some vacuum tubes.
(d) Changes in Resistors R119 and
R155.Two resistors R119 and R155 were
originally specified as IRC Type F resistors. The
IRC BT or BW types are just as satisfactory at
these places and are or may be used interchange-
ably with Type F. The BT and BW types
are preferred, however, because they mount in
the transmitter more easily and with less chance
of short-circuiting to adjacent parts or the chas-
sis.
(e) Changes in Capacitors C138 and
C142.Capacitors C138 and C142 have been
obtained from a number of different manufac-
turers and therefore it will be found that the
"common" terminal (marked c on the capacitor
can and in the wiring diagrams) will be located
at one end of some capacitors and on the other
end of other capacitors. Be careful in replacing
a capacitor of this type to see that the c terminal
is connected to the proper wires as shown in the
wiring diagram of the transmitter.
(f) Changes in Transformers TlOl and
T102.Some of these transformers were wound
in the reverse direction from the majority. In
many instances this will not cause poor operation
but in some transmitters a reverse-wound trans-
former will be indicated by a high noise level on
the radio carrier or on the interphone output.
This can be cured by reversing (interchanging)
the leads (red and blue) to terminals 5 and 6
on transformer T102. Transmitters using re-
versed transformers will have the wires inter-
changed at these terminals. Replacement trans-
formers should be checked in this respect.
(3) Changes in Arrangement.
(a) Change in Connections of C122 and
C123 and Addition of L123.C122 was con-
nected previously from the screen of V104
(power amplifier) to ground. Its ground termi-
nal has been moved to the ungrounded side of the
filamentof V104. C123 was connected previously
from the ungrounded side of the filament of
V104 to ground. It has been changed to connect
between ground and the filament of V103. L123
has been added in the filament lead between
V103 and V104. The purpose of these changes
was to eliminate a tendency to spurious oscilla-
tion at very high frequency, which occurred in
tube V104 of a few transmitters if a selector
button was not depressed.
(b) Change in R118 and Addition of
R162 and R163.RH8 has been changed to de-
crease the power dissipated in it. It was a 30,000-
ohm, 2-watt unit, but has been changed to a
100,000-ohm, 2-watt unit, shunted by two other
similar units (R162 and R163) mounted in the
same resistance group. Thus the total resistance
of the combination is not greatly changed but
the power capacity is substantially increased. If
a field replacement becomes necessary, it is de-
sirable to use three 100,000-ohm, 2-watt units if
possible. If they are not available a single 30,000-
ohm, 2-watt unit may be used until the 100,000-
ohm, 2-watt units can be obtained.
(c) Change in R102 and R107 and Ad-
dition of R160.Some manufacturing variations
caused the total current through dropping re-
sistors R102 and R147 to exceed the allowable
dissipation in these resistors. The later produc-
tion units, therefore, were changed to add an-
other resistor, R160, so that the three resistors
could reliably dissipate the maximum heat. The
total resistance of the three units was kept the
same by reducing R102 and R147 from 1000
ohms each to 667 ohms each. R160 is 667 ohms.
(d) Change in R1lll and Addition of
R161.R1lll was changed from 15,000 ohms to
30,000 ohms, and R161 (30,000 ohms, 1 watt)
was added in parallel to care for the increased
grid current occurring with some tubes.
(e) Change in L106, L107, C1l1, C112,
and Addition of C164.During production it
was found that some variations in wiring caused
the coupling between L106 and L107 to be de-
creased below a suitable value. This was cor-
rected by interchanging the coils and adding
C164. The wiring changes are shown in the wir-
ing diagram, Fig. 75. In the revised circuit some
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PAR. 43
TM 11-620
of the coupling is obtained by mutual inductance
between the two coils and additional coupling is
obtained by the capacitor network C164, Oi1,
and Cl 12. It will be noted in the wiring diagram
that in order to assure satisfactory operation, the
leads to Oi1, C112, and O64 must be held to
the length indicated. The tolerances of these
capacitors must be held to those shown in Para-
graph 45, Table of Replaceable Parts. If these
capacitors are properly placed as shown by the
wiring diagram and the leads correctly dimen-
sioned, there should be no trouble in making this
change in the field. This change need not be
made in transmitters which are operating satis-
factorily.
(f) Change in Wiring of R109.One
end of R109 was formerly connected to the bot-
tom terminal of L106. This connection was
moved in later transmitters to terminal 6 of
VS108 in order to reduce the current through re-
sistor R157.
(g) Shortening of Studs E and F and Re-
location of L117-R149.In the early production
these studs were longer than necessary. This ex-
cess length produced coupling which caused
poor oscillator operation in a few cases. Along
with the shortening of the studs there were some
wiring changes which are discussed in paragraph
(3) following. The arrangements can be visual-
ized by reference to Figs. 50 and 75. If this
change is found necessary it will be facilitated
by inspection of a late model transmitter as a
guide. The steps in making the change are as
follows:
(1) On stud F, interchange the top and
bottom halves of the stud insulator and clip off
the unnecessary part of the stud at the under
side.
(2) On stud E, interchange the top
and bottom halves of the stud insulator and clip
off the unnecessary part of the stud at the under
side.
(3) The coil-resistor combination
(L117-R149) was previously connected from
the end of stud E to R10l (the end away from
the chassis). It crossed L102 on the side away
from the chassis. This unit should be reconnected
from the shortened stud E to R10lthe end
nearest to the chassis. The wire previously con-
nected to that end of R10l should be removed
and reconnected to Rl0l at the end away from
the chassis. With this rearrangement the coil-
resistor combination passes between the chassis
and coil L102.
(4) The two wires coming to L102
should be interchanged.
(h) Arrangement of Thermocouple Con-
nections.In order to permit adjusting the an-
tenna current (TUNE-ANT CUR) meter reading
over a wider range, the slide-wire adjustment
was removed from between the terminals of the
thermocouple and placed between the ends of
the short coaxial transmission line connecting
the antenna relay and the antenna binding post
(A) on the front panel of the transmitter. This
change cannot be made unless the replacement
metering length of coaxial line is available. In
installations where the antenna current reading
on M101 is too low for convenient use, the read-
ing may be raised by unsoldering the thermo-
couple slider tap and moving the tap to increase
the reading. Take care that the antenna current
reading will not go off scale under the highest
voltage conditions. If the antenna current read-
ing is too high, the direction of change should
be reversed. This adjustment is most effective
with the newer type arrangement of the thermo-
couple circuit.
(i) Meters and Thermocouples.Meters
from three manufacturers and thermocouples
from two manufacturers have been used in the
transmitters in order to maintain production
when the meter or thermocouple from any one
manufacturer became temporarily unavailable.
Any of the meters and thermocouples will oper-
ate satisfactorily in a transmitter although there
may be an inconsequential difference in meter
readings when different meters are substituted,
and the slide-wire tap may need slight adjust-
ment when different thermocouples are substi-
tuted. The Weston thermocouples are somewhat
faster in operation than the vacuum type marked
with a number (ES-680241-7). The Weston
meter originally had three connection studs, the
two top ones going to the meter movement, the
lower one going to the scale plate and magnet.
144
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TM 11-620 V. SUPPLEMENTARY DATA PAR. 43
The lower stud is not and should not be used 0.003 to 0.002 microfarad. The same is true for
(see the wiring diagram, Fig. 75). In later meters C601 and C602 in the 24-volt dynamotor. Either
this third stud has been eliminated. During the value (0.002 or 0.003 microfarad) is satisfactory,
change-over from three to two studs, a number of however.
the meters (about 1000) were incorrectly con- (b)Change in the Voltage Rating of the
structed to include a strap connection from the Postage-stamp Capacitors.Some of the postage-
moving coil to the magnet and scale plate. This stamp type of mica capacitors were changed to
does not affect its operation at the TUNE position ones having a higher voltage rating. Capacitors
of D121 nor its operation with vacuum thermo- having the voltage ratings shown in Paragraph
couples for ANT CUR position of D121. How- 45, Table of Replaceable Parts, should be used
ever, in some transmitters a Weston meter hav- for replacement purposes. Many capacitors of
ing the incorrect connection may not operate this type used in sets of early production did not
properly with a Weston thermocouple. This will show a designation as to voltage rating. More
be indicated by very sluggish action of the meter recently the voltage rating has been color coded,
when the antenna trimmer (usually at the high- as shown in Paragraph 44. The sixth dot on the
est frequency) is tuned. The meter reading will capacitor indicates the voltage ratinggreen for
not drop to low values as it should when the an- 500 volts, gray for 800 volts, and gold for 1000
tenna circuit is detuned by the trimmer. The volts.
approximately 1000 transmitters which have (c) Change in Resistor R106.R106 has
the incorrectly wired meter are satisfactory be- been decreased from 1000 ohms to 100 ohms.
cause they are equipped with vacuum thermo- The purpose was to keep the meter reading from
couples. When a Weston thermocouple is to be going off scale when the battery voltage is high
substituted for a vacuum thermocouple, tests as and switch D125 is in position 2. The resistor
mentioned should be made to check the opera- furnished in the spare parts has a resistance of
tion of the thermocouple-meter combination. If 100 ohms. Replacement of a good existing 1000-
the trouble appears to be present, three methods ohm unit is not necessary unless the meter read-
of correction are available. ing goes off scale when the battery voltage is
(1) Use a vacuum thermocouple if high- Smce this affects the meter reading you
available; or should allow for this when checking the opera-
(2) Use a Hickok or Triplett meter if tion of different transmiers.
available; or (5) Elimination and Addition of Parts.
(3) Remove the Weston meter and (a) Addition of R15S>.R159 was added
unscrew and lift off the front portion of the case; in later transmitters from the screen of the
open-circuit the connection between the scale doublet V103 to ground, in order to make this
plate and moving coil by clipping the strap which tube operate more uniformly with wide varia-
runs from the left screw and nut on the moving tions of input voltage.
coil support and under the scale plate to the (b) Elimination of Capacitors C102 and
scale plate screw. Do not remove the nut on the C1 10.C102, formerly connected to the filament
moving coil support as that might cause the of VlO1, and C1lO, formerly connected to the
moving coil to become incorrectly positioned in filament of V102, have been eliminated from
its bearings and cause unsatisfactory operation the later transmitters. The purpose of this change
of the meter. was to reduce the use of mica capacitors. Either
,,, -, , or both of these units may be omitted or removed
(4) Changes tn Values. . . , . . . ,' . , ,
without impairing the .operation of the trans
(a) Reduction in the Capacitance of mitter.
C501, C502, C601, and C602.-C501 and C502 (c) Elimination of C160. - Capacitor
in the 12-volt dynamotor have been reduced from C160 (across the primary of T102) has been
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PAR. 43
TM 11-620
omitted from most transmitters. Some of these
capacitors have failed due to surges occurring in
the carbon microphone circuit. The omission of
this unit in new equipment or removal of it from
the existing equipment does not impair the per-
formance of the transmitter. Its removal may
cause a slight increase in response at the higher
audio frequencies.
(d) Elimination of C107.This capaci-
tor has been found unnecessary because the units
with which it was associated can be held to close
tolerances during manufacture.
(e) Elimination of C503 and C603.
These capacitors across the low-voltage end of
the 12- and 24-volt dynamotors, respectively,
can be eliminated without causing trouble.
d. Changes Affecting All Units. All units of
Radio Sets SCR-608-A and SCR-628-A use fas-
teners to hold covers in place. Most of the units
employ Dzus fasteners but a number employ a
Shakeproof fastener. Spare Shakeproof fasten-
ers should not be used as replacements on units
that have Dzus fasteners and vice versa.
e. Relative Characteristics of Various Types
of Capacitors and Resistors. It has been neces-
sary to substitute other types of capacitors in
some places where mica units were specified.
This has been done where such substitutions do
not interfere with satisfactory operation of the
radio equipment. In many cases the replacing
units differ from the original units in size or
Fig. 63. Types of Capacitors and Resistors
146
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TM 11-620
PAR. 43
shape or both. The relative appearance of the
various capacitors and resistors used in these
radio sets is shown in Fig. 63. The first column
(A-D) shows ceramic capacitors. The second
(E-H) shows mica capacitors and the third
(I-J) shows oiled paper capacitors. In the fourth
column (K-O) are various kinds of resistors.
The general characteristics of such units are
given in Table VII and discussed in more de-
tail later. While Fig. 63 covers the range of
types, it does not necessarily include all the vari-
ations produced by different manufacturers.
The units listed in Paragraph 45, Table of
Replaceable Parts, have been selected because
they are the most suitable for the use for which
they are specified. Other units, particularly ce-
ramic capacitors, should not be used indiscrim-
inately as replacements.
There are two general types of dielectric (in-
sulation) which are often used in capacitors in
place of mica. They are (1) ceramic material
and (2) oiled paper. The ceramic capacitor con-
sists of silver fired on ceramic insulation, the
composition of the ceramic being varied to ob-
tain different temperature coefficients. These are
extremely stable and can be made to cover a wide
range of values of temperature coefficients
(from plus 120 to minus 750 parts per million
Table VII. Capacitor Characteristics
Maximum as Used in
This Equipment
D-C Volts
Working
Rating
/w
Group Letter (Fig. 63) Type
Capacitance
Advantages
Disadvantages Typical Use
First Column
A
Insulared
800
200
Ceramicon
(trade name)
Stability and
choice of
.temperature
compensation
Size limitation Temperature
for large compensation
capacitance; also and replacement
B, C, and D must for small silver-
not touch metal mica units
B
C
Uninsulated
ceramic
800
800
500
500
Uninsulated
Ceramicon
D
Uninsulated
800
500
*Second Column
ceramic
E (red)
Insulated
silver-mica
800
700
Stability
Tuned circuits
E (brown)
Insulated
mica
800
500
Ease of manu-
facture
By-pass
F(red)
Insulated
silver-mica
1000
1000
Stability
Tuned circuits
F (brown)
Insulated
mica
1000
10,000
Ease of manu-
facture
By-pass
G (brown)
Insulated
mica
1000
10,000
Ease of manu-
facture
By-pass
H (brown)
Insulated
mica
1200
10,000
Ease of manu-
facture
By-pass
*Third Column
I
J
Insulated
oiled paper
800
800
10,000 I
Does not require
i-mica, a critical
10,000 |war material
Not suitable for g
currents
oiled paper
These capacitors are
not obtainable with
controlled
,
temperature
coefficients.
147
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PAR. 43
TM 11-620
per degree Centigrade.) For a given size of unit,
the capacitance increases as the temperature
coefficient becomes more negative. Therefore,
no range of capacitance values can be assigned
to a particular size without specifying the tem-
perature coefficient. For a given temperature
coefficient, the capacitance of a ceramic unit can
be increased only by increasing the length or
diameter of the tube.
The three sizes shown under group A (Fig.
63) cover the range of physical sizes in which
these insulated ceramic capacitors are manu-
factured. These units were supplied originally
in small sizes to provide temperature compensa-
tion for the combination of coil and mica capaci-
tor in a tuned circuit. More recently, they have
been specified in larger sizes in some tuned cir-
cuits to eliminate the need for a mica capacitor
and provide temperature compensation for the
coil. Since ceramic units with equal capacitance
may differ greatly in temperature coefficient, it
is not safe to use a ceramic unit for a replace-
ment (where stability is needed) unless the
temperature coefficient is known to be correct
for that use.
The units illustrated under A and C have the
value, tolerance, and temperature coefficient
stamped on the unit. The black units shown
under D are stamped with the capacitance and
a letter signifying the temperature coefficient.
Those shown under B are marked with dots in
accordance with the color code described in
Paragraph 44. Of all these ceramics, the A items
are the only ones having adequate insulation to
permit installing them where they might touch
metal parts. Groups B and C are merely en-
ameled. Group D has a black bakelite coating
for moistureproofing but this is not sufficient
insulation tc permit contact with metal.
Five sizes of ceramic capacitors are shown in
Fig. 63. The two smallest are those in B. The
next two are those in C, and the largest is the
lower unit in D. Except for insulation the largest
unit in group A corresponds in characteristics
to the small unit in group C.
It will be noticed that with uninsulated
ceramic capacitors, the leads are sometimes at
unequal distances from the ends of the unit. The
lead which is farther from the end is connected
to the outer surface of the capacitor. Whenever
possible, this lead should be connected to the
ground, or low potential, side of the circuit.
In the conventional type of mica capacitor,
strips of metal foil are interleaved between
sheets of mica dielectric (insulation). Changes
in temperature cause an undesirable amount of
variation in the capacitance of such units. The
silver-mica unit gives a much more stable capaci-
tor which is suitable for tuned circuits. It con-
sists of sheets of mica with electrodes of silver
bonded to each surface.
Groups E and F illustrate the two types of
color code discussed in Paragraph 44. Groups
E, F, and G are made in both foil-mica and
silver-mica units. Group H is used in the trans-
mitter. It is a larger capacitor with higher volt-
age rating and has a more rigid mounting ar-
rangement.
All the mica capacitors shown in the second
column of Fig. 63 are insulated by a molded
bakelite jacket and can be allowed to rest against
metal. In general, the foil-mica units have
a brown jacket, and the silver-mica units have
a red jacket. Capacitors with a straw-colored
bakelite jacket, as used in this equipment, may
be either foil-mica, silver-mica, or paper units.
Ceramic capacitors are used where high sta-
bility is necessary and paper capacitors elsewhere
whenever possible.
The capacitors shown in the third column of
Fig. 63 use oil-impregnated paper for insulation.
For stability, they do not compare with silver-
mica types but they can be used as replacements
for foil-mica types for screen grid and filament
positions of vacuum tubes where they do not
need to pass much radio-frequency current. In
general, they are good substitutes for mica units
for most by-pass purposes. The voltage rating
decreases as the capacitance increases as follows:
Capacitance (microfarads)
Rating (d-c volts, working)
Group I shows a molded bakelite case which
is adequate insulation. In general, such units will
be black though they may be straw-colored.
0.003 0.006
800 600
0.01
400
148
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TM 11-620
PARS. 43-44
Group J shows tubular-shaped units. The top
unit has a thin bakelite cover and may be allowed
to touch metal. The second unit in this group
has a metal case and may have either one or both
leads insulated from this case. If one lead is not
insulated, it should be connected to ground or
the lower voltage connection. The bottom unit in
group J is identical with the second except for
a cover which gives some insulating protection
but is not sufficient to permit resting the unit
against metal.
In summary, the unit specified in the Table
of Replaceable Parts for a particular circuit sym-
bol may be different in appearance from the one
which it replaces and may require some ingenuity
in mounting. Groups I and J are intended to
take the place of F and G in some applications.
Groups A, B, C, and D replace silver-mica units
of groups E, F, and G where stability is required
but must be used only as specified because of
the wide range of temperature coefficients which
they cover. As described in Paragraph 43b(10),
sometimes a single ceramic unit is used to re-
place a silver-mica plus a small ceramic.
The fourth column (groups K-O) shows vari-
ous small resistors. They vary considerably in
size and shape for the same wattage ratings due
to differences in manufacture. The units shown
in group K are 1/2 watt, 1 watt, and 2 watts,
respectively. They are bakelite-insulated and
may touch metal. The unit shown under L is a
1-watt unit. The unit shown at M with side leads
is a high-frequency resistor. This has metal ends
and is not insulated. This unit is used only in a
few places in the transmitter. It is rated at l/^
watt. The units shown at group N (brown body)
are bakelite-insulated resistors of the l/^- and 1-
watt sizes made by another manufacturer. (This
manufacturer also makes a similar uninsulated
resistor with a black body.) These are directly in-
terchangeable with the upper two units in group
K, above. The units shown at O are y2- and 1-
watt sizes from still another manufacturer and
are interchangeable with corresponding units al-
ready mentioned.
Similar units of other manufacture not shown
may be used to replace those illustrated.
44. Color Codes on Components. The various
types of capacitors and resistors used in Radio
Sets SCR-608-A and SCR-628-A are illustrated
in Fig. 63 and discussed in Paragraph 4$e. Some
capacitors and resistors have their values
stamped on the unit, but in many cases colored
dots and bands are used instead. The various
color codes used for capacitors and resistors are
shown in Figs. 64 to 68 inclusive, and are dis-
cussed in the following paragraphs.
a. Molded Mica Dielectric Capacitors. Ca-
pacitors of this type are illustrated in groups E,
F, G, and H of Fig. 63. Three different color
codes are used on these units:
The three-dot code.
The RMA (Radio Manufacturers Association)
six-dot code.
The AWS (American War Standard) six-dot
code.
(1) Three-dot Code for Molded Mica Ca-
pacitors. This code, which was widely used
for a number of years, is gradually being re-
placed by the other two codes. However, many
components so marked are used in Radio Sets
SCR-608-A and SCR-628-A. Also, this code is
likely to be encountered in parts stocks. As in-
dicated in Fig. 64, the basis of the code is a
series of three colored dots which indicate the
capacitance, in micromicrofarads, of the unit.
Two auxiliary colored dots indicating, respec-
tively, -the voltage rating and the capacitance
tolerance, are sometimes, but not always, added.
There is usually a molded or stamped arrow to
show the sequence in which the dots are to DC
read. Dots one and two indicate the first two
digits, while dot three tells the decimal multi-
plier to be used. Take, for example, a 0.006-
microfarad capacitor. Its capacitance in micro-
microfarads is 6000; the three dots, in sequence,
are: blue (6), black (0), red (100).
The dot indicating the tolerance, when used,
is usually located above or below the third (deci-
mal multiplier) dot. As shown in Fig. 64, the
various colors correspond to tolerances between
plus or minus 1 per cent and plus or minus 20
per cent.
149
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PAR. 44
TM 11420
The voltage dot, when used, is ordinarily lo-
cated above or below the first (first digit) dot.
The various colors tell, according to the code of
Fig. 64, the d-c working voltage.
When either or both of the auxiliary dots are
omitted, it indicates that the capacitance toler-
ance is plus or minus 20 per cent and that the
d-c working voltage is the lowest rating for the
particular type and size of capacitor.
(2) RMA Code for Molded Mica Capaci-
tors. The RMA (Radio Manufacturers Associa-
tion) code illustrated in Fig. 65 is used to a lim-
ited extent. It uses six colored dots with an- ar-
row to show the sequence. The first three dots
give the first three digits of the capacitance in
micromicrofarads; the fourth dot (directly be-
low the third) gives the decimal multiplier. The
fifth indicates the tolerance in capacitance, and
the sixth, the d-c working voltage. For example:
a capacitor of 0.006 microfarad (6000 micromi-
crofarads) plus or minus 10 per cent, 800 volts
d-c, working, would be marked with dots in the
following order: blue (6); black (0); black
(0); brown (multiplier 10); silver (plus or
minus 10 per cent); gray (800 volts).
(3) AWS Code for Molded Mica Capaci-
tors. The AWS (American War Standard) code
for molded mica capacitors is shown in Fig. 66a.
Like the RMA code, it uses six colored dots, but
with somewhat different significance. The first
four dots give the capacitance in micromicro-
farads, as follows: first significant figure; second
significant figure; third significant figure; deci-
mal multiplier. It will be noted that this scheme
makes provision for marking units in three sig-
nificant figures. For example, consider a capaci-
DOT DOT DOT
VOLTAGE NO
1 2 3
RATING COLOR TOLERANCE
1 1 1
1 1 1
1 1 .I*
i ii I
16 * A)
rz: * zzo
R ti =
T??'
'T T y
1 1 1
i i i
VOLTAOE NO TOLERANCE
DOT DOT DOT
RATHW COLOR
1 * 3
Pint Dot Second Dot Third Dot . f/. /(
Color Pint Digit Second Digit Decimal Multiplier Tolerance Rating
Black 0 0
1 20%
Brown 1 1
10 1% 100
Red 2 2
100 2% 200
Orange 3 3
1,000 3% 300
Yellow 4 4
10,000 4% 400
Green 5 5
100,000 5% 500
Blue 6 6
1,000,000 6% 600
Violet 7 7 10,000,000 7% 700
Gray 8 8 100,000,000 8% 800
White 9 9 1,000,000,000 9% 900
Gold
0.1 5% 1,000
Silver - .
0.01 10% 2,000
Body -
- 20% *
When no color is indicated, the voltage rating may be as low as 300 volts.
Fig. 64. Molded Mica Capacitors: Three-dot Color Cod*
150
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TM 11-620
PAR. 44
tor of 1,250 micromicrofarads. With the AWS
code, the 1,250-micromicrofarad capacitor would
be marked: brown (l), red (2), green (5),
brown (10); the precise value of 1,250 micro-
microfarads would thus be shown by the color
code.
In practice, the precision markings just de-
scribed are seldom necessary. In fact, none of
the capacitors standardized under the AWS code
requires more than two significant digits to spec-
ify its capacitance. For example, molded-mica-
dielectric capacitors of the size known as
"CM30" are standard in capacitances of 1000,
1100, 1200, 1300, 1500, 1600, etc., micromicro-
faradv Intermediate values, such as 1,250 or
1,530, are not at present incorporated in the
code. This is taken advantage of, as follows:
The first dot on all capacitors now standard is
black (0), and the two necessary significant fig-
ures are given by the second and third dots. The
black first dot thus becomes a distinguishing fea-
ture or identification symbol, as it were, for a
capacitor marked according to the AWS code. A
couple of examples may serve to make this
clear. Take, first, a 120-micromicrofarad ca-
pacitor; it is marked: black (0); brown (1);
red (2); brown (10)0120 micromicrofarads.
Or, consider a 9,100-micromicrofarad capacitor:
black (0); white (9); brown (l); red (100)
09100 micromicrofarads. It will be noticed that
in both these instances the first dot is black.
The fifth dot in the AWS code indicates the
capacitance tolerance in per cent of nominal ca-
pacitance. The sixth dot indicates the design
characteristics. The principal design character-
istic, as indicated in Fig. 66a, is the temperature
coefficient. For example a 0.006-microfarad
(6000 micromicrofarads) plus or minus 10 per
cent mica by-pass capacitor would be marked:
.black (0); blue (6); black (0); red (100);
silver (plus or minus 10 per cent); black (mica
by-pass, with no temperature coefficient speci-
fied).
It will be noted that this color code does not
include the voltage rating. This is considered
DOT DOT DOT
I 2 3
DOT DOT DOT
654
First Dot
Second Dot
Third Dot
Fourth Dot
Fifth Dot
Sixth Dot
Color
First Digit
Second Digit
Third Digit
Decimal Multiplier
Tolerance
Voltage
Black
0
0
0
1
Brown
1
1
1
10
1%
100
Red
2
2
2
100
2%
200
Orange
3
3
3
1,000
3%
300
Yellow
4
4
4
10,000
4%
400
Green
3
5
5
100,000
".%
500
Blue
6
6
6
1,000,000
6%
600
Violet
7
7
7
10,000,000
7%
700
Gray
8
8
8
100,000,000
8%
800
White
9
9
9
1,000,000,000
9%
900
Gold
-
-
0.1
->%
1,000
Silver
0.01
10%
2,000
Body
20%
500
Fig. 65. Molded Mica Capacitors: RMA Six-dot Color Cod*
151
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2
0
1
4
-
0
6
-
1
6

2
0
:
0
5

G
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PAR. 44
TM
unnecessary, since with few exceptions, all ca-
pacitors marked with this color code are rated
at 500 d-c working volts. The exceptions, all of
which are rated at 300 volts, are:
b. Molded Paper Dielectric Capacitors. A
Type CM3 5 capacitors (53/64-inch maximum
length) with capacitances of 6,800, 7,500,
and 8,200 micromicrofarads.
Type CM40 capacitors (1-1/32 inch maximum
length) with capacitances of 9,100 and
10,000 micromicrofarads.
new AWS color code for small molded paper
dielectric capacitors is shown in Fig. 66b. Al-
though this code has found little application to
date, it is possible that some units so marked may
be encountered in future equipment or stocks.
Like the code for mica capacitors just discussed,
it employs six colored dots, together with an ar-
row to indicate the sequence. Units marked ac-
cording to this system can readily be identified
by the fact that both the first and fifth dots are
always silver. The other dots are used as follows:
the second dot gives the first digit of the capaci-
tance in micromicrofarads; the third dot gives
the second significant figure; the fourth dot in-
dicates the decimal multiplier; the sixth tells
\vhecher the unit has a maximum operating tem-
perature of 167 degrees or 185 degrees Fahren-
heit.
No indication of the working voltage is given
by the color code. In general, it can be said that
molded paper dielectric capacitors meeting the
AWS specification have d-c working voltages be-
Further details of the American War Stand-
ard for fixed-mica-dielectric capacitors will be
found in Standard C753 of the American
Standards Association.
DOT DOT DOT
1 2 3
il . .1 .
1 1 *
KlANUIr. NAME
* >
T ? T
1 1 1
DOT DOT DOT
654
First Dot Second Dot Third Dot
Fourth Dot Fifth Dot * Sixth Do!
Color First Digit Svcond Digit Third Digit
Decimal Multiplier Tolerance Characteristics
Black 000
Brown 111
Red 222
Orange 333
Yellow 444
Green 555
Blue 666
Violet 111
Gray 888
White 999
Gold - -
Silver
1 20% A
10 - B
100 2% C
1,000 D
E
- - F
G
*A. Ordinary mica ty-pass.
B. Same as A, low-loss case.
C. By-pass or silver-mica capacitor (temperature coefficient: 200 parts/million/ C).
D. Silver-mica capacitor (temperature coefficient: 100 parts/million/C).
JE. Silver-mica capacitor (temperature coefficient: 0 to + 100 parts/million/C).
F. Silver-mica capacitor (temperature coefficient: 0 to -j- 50 parts/million/C).
G. Silver-mica capacitor (temperature coefficient: 0 to 50 parts/million/C) .
0.1 5% -
0.01 10% -
Fig. 660. Molded Mica Capacitors: AWS Six-dot Color Code
152
G
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2
0
1
4
-
0
6
-
1
6

2
0
:
0
5

G
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/

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c
1
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3
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3
8
6
7
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TM 11-620
PAR. 44
First Dot Second Dot Third Dot Fourth Dot
F/7/A Do< Sixth Dot
Color
First Digit Second Digit Decimal Multiplier Characteristics
Black
00 1
*A
Brown
1 1 10
tB
Red
2 2 100
0 ~~
Orange
| 3 3 1,000
. -
Yellow
S ' 4 4
sl
Green
s 8-
B a 5 5
2 8-
^ J 6 6 -
. cl
Blue
's SL
Violet
1 g 7 7
Gray
g < 8 8
<
White
9 9
E
Gold
_ _ _
Silver
_ _ _
DOT DOT DOT

A. Operating tei
fB. Operating te
nperature range, 67 to +185 F.
nperature range, 67 to -H67F.
1 2 3
1 1 1
f 1 I"
6 4 *>
MAKUlMUVMt * ^
?o
-
"1 "T
i

DOT DOT DOT
I
T T T T
654
T
I 1 1 1 Fig. 66b.
Molded Paper Capacitors:
T!P DOT DOT DOT DOT AWS *** Color Code
Tip
First Dot Setond Dot
Third Dot Fourth Dot
Color
Coefficient First Digit Second Digit Decimal Multiplier ^Tolerance
Black
0 00
1 20
Brown
0.00003 neg. 1 1
10 1
Red
0.00008 neg. 2 2
100 2
Orange
0.0001 5 neg. 3 3
1,000 3
Yellow
0.00022 neg. 4 4
10,000 4
Green
0.00033 neg. 5 5
100,000 5
Blue
0.00047 neg. 6 6
1,000,000 6
Violet
0.00075 neg. 7 7
0.00 1 7
Gray
8 8
0.01 2.5
White
99
0.1 10
The temperature coefficient is expressed in micromicrofarads per micromicrofarad per degree Centigrade. Some capacitors
are marked with a numeral instead of a color code; for example, N-030 represents 0.00003 neg.
(Tolerances for capacitors of 10 micromicrofarads or less are expressed in tenths of a micromicrofarad instead of percentages.
Fig. 67. Tubular Ceramic Capacitors: RMA Color Code
153
G
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2
0
1
4
-
0
6
-
1
6

2
0
:
1
2

G
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2
0
2
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c
1
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b
3
2
4
3
8
6
7
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,

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PAR. 44
TM 11-620
tween 300 and 800 volts. The lower voltage ap c. Tubular Ceramic Dielectric Capacitors.
plies to units with high-capacitance ratings; the Tubular treramic dielectric capacitors, which are
higher voltage applies to units with low<apaci- widely used for temperature compensation, are
tance ratings. Further details will be found in sometimes marked according to the RMA color
Standard C75/221 of the American Standards code shown in Fig. 67. As will be seen from the
Association. figure, the negative temperature coefficient is in-
SIGNIFIC
FIRST-
ANT FIGURES:
-. .-SECOND BODY
I
f
i
c=
=
DEC
MULT
MAL'
IFUER
LTOLERANCE
SIGNIFICANT FIGURES:
FIRST (BODY) SECOND
SIGNIFICANT FIGURES'.
FIRST (BODY) SECOND
SIGNIFICANT FIGURES'.
FIRST (BODY) SECOND
= m
1 m n
t \ ^
ryl
* ^ 11
1 "0% ' if
t \
TOLERANCE DECK
MULTII
*AL TOLERANCE-' It DE<
LIER W IIUL1
:iMAL U TOLERANCE II
riPLIER
DECIMAL If
MULTIPLIER
First Second
Significant Significant
Color Figure Figure
B]
62
83
Decimal Multiplier
Tolerant
Black 0
0
1
Brown 1
1
10
1%
Red 2
2
100
2%
Orange 3
3
1,000
3%
Yellow 4
4
10,000
4%
Green 5
3
100,000
5%
Blue 6
6
1,000,000
6%
Violet 7
7
10,000,000
7%
Gray 8
8
100,000,000
%
White 9
9
1,000,000,000
9%
Gold -
0.1
1%
Silver
0.01
10%
No color
20%
Fig. 68. Fixed Resistors: RMA and AWS Standard Color Codes
154
G
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4
-
0
6
-
1
6

2
0
:
1
2

G
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TM 11-620
PAR. 44
dicated by the color of the band or dp at one end
of the unit; the capacitance in micromicrofarads
is shown by the first three dots; the capacitance
tolerance, either in per cent or tenths of a micro-
microfarad, depending upon the size of the unit,
is indicated by the fourth and last dot. Example:
a 30 micromicrofarad plus or minus 5-per-cent
capacitor with a negative temperature coefficient
of 80 parts per million per degree Centigrade
would be marked as follows: tip, red (80);
first dot, orange (3); second dot, black (0);
third dot, black (l); fourth dot, green (plus or
minus 5 per cent).
d. fixed Resistors. Small fixed resistors, both
composition-type and wire-wound, are frequent-
ly marked with colored bands and dots to indi-
cate the resistance and tolerance. Two color
codes are widely used: the RMA and the AWS.
The two codes are not identical in all particu-
lars, but they are similar in many respects. One
chart, applicable to both, is shown in Fig. 68. It
will be seen that in all cases the various combina-
tions of body color, bands, and dots indicate the
resistance to two significant figures (the first two
digits), the decimal multiplier, and the per cent
tolerance in resistance.
As illustrated by Fig. 68, two basic methods
are used for indicating the resistance and toler-
ance:
Method A. This uses four colored bands, starting at
one end of the unit, to show resistance and
tolerance. The bands, reading from left to
right, indicate: first significant figure; sec-
ond significant figure; decimal multiplier;
per cent tolerance. (The significance of
the body color under this method will be
explained later.)
Method B. Several variations of this method are in
use (Bl, B2, B3 of Fig. 68). With all of
these, however, the interpretation of the
code is practically the same: left end, toler-
ance; body, first significant figure; right
end, second significant figure; central dot
or bond, decimal multiplier.
To illustrate the basic schemes, consider a
5,600-ohm 10-per-cent fixed resistor. It would
be marked;
Method A. First band, green (5); second band, blue
(6); third band, red (100); fourth band,
silver ( 10 per cent).
Method B. Left end, silver ( 10 per cent); body,
green (5); right end, blue (6); central
band or dot, red (100).
In Method A, where the body color plays no
part in indicating resistance or tolerance, it may
be used to indicate the type of resistor unit.
Under the RMA code, a black body is frequently
used to indicate an uninsulated composition
unit; a tan, olive, or white body, an insulated
composition unit; and a dark brown body, an in-
sulated wire-wound unit. The AWS code re-
quires that an uninsulated unit using Method A
have a black body; the body of an insulated unit
may be any color, although a natural tan is pre-
ferred.
When there is doubt as to whether a particu-
lar resistor is composition or wire-wound, it is
well to remember that any resistor of 100 ohms
or less is very likely to be wire-woundalso, to
remember that it may be wound inductively.
155
G
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d

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2
0
1
4
-
0
6
-
1
6

2
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:
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2

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/

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PAR. 45
TM 11-620
ll
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156
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2
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1
4
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6
-
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6

2
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2

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TM 11-620
PAR. 45
CM
foltage Filter ^ VC_9J2 KSO-6-033'-'
H K\
1 1
1
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to to
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REMOTE CONTROL UNIT
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NOTES:
I -WHEN CAPACITORS CBS AND
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NOT SHOWN IN DIAGRAM )
2-TWO CAPACITORS REPLACED
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METHOD NOT SHOWN IN
DIAGRAM )
652334 O - 45
J
193
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NOTES'
1 WWE COLORS SPEOFEO AM TRACER COLORS ON WHITE WOE.
2 WIRES MARKED'A' ARE FURNSHEC WITH APPARATUS
WWES MARKED "C'ARE NO. IB AIM. "T" Wl8 COVERED WITH NO.I BLACK
FLEXBLE VARNISHED TJBWO
WISES MARKED'D'ARE NOW AWC STRANDED WME.
WOES MARKED 'E" ARE V WMES COVERED WITH NO 18 BLACK FLEXBLE
VAHNSHED TUBMG
WIRES MARKED'T'ARE NOORNOZOAJ1. TWNEO COPPER WIRE. SEE
NOTE O.
WIRES MARKED T ARE M CABLE NO. I
WRES MARKED "f ARE IN CABLE NOS
WRES MARKED 'G' ARE COVERED WTTH YELLOW FLEXIBLE VkRMBHED
TUBWG, UN LONG AT PS I
1O WIRES MARKED *H, ARE COVERED WITH YELLOW FLEXIBLE VMWBHED
TUBING.2IN.LONa AT PC
11 WIRES MARKED Y'ARE COVERED WITH YELLOW FLEXBLE VARMSHED
TL6KG.I/21N LONG AT POI
12 AFTER PLACING YELLOW TUBNG OVER LEADS AT PGI, SOLDER LEADS
TO TERMINALS AND SLIP TUBMO OVER SOLDERED JOMT UNTIL IT (EARS
AGAINST FACE OF RECEPTACLE
13 WIRES NOT DESIGNATED ARE NO 2O A.WO. SOLO WE
14 WIRES MARKED'W ARE COVERED WTTH YELLOW FLEXIBLE VARNISHED
TUBING 1/2 IN LONG AT PC I.
15 LEADS TO BE AS SHORT AND AS STRAIGHT AS POSSBLE HOWEVER
LEADS MAY BE FORMED WHERE NECESSARY TO INSURE AGAINST
ACCIDENTAL SHORTS.
652334 O - 45 (Pie* p. 188) No. 4
195
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ANTENNA
RECEIVER (RF)
BATTERY l)
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DtSABLINC
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DISABLING
LOCAL MIC
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197
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I RECCJVCR (HF)
'BATTERY 14)
CRCXM) (-BATT-,
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CvCN HCATCRS
J 6OI DM -17- ( ] ? VOLT DYNAUOTOR
OVEN
THERMOSTAT
199
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652394 O - 45 (Face p. 188)
201
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#
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CAUTION!
REMOVE BATTERIES
BEFORE STORING
BLK
LI
o
BR
APPARATUS LEGEND
PftRT
TYPE
DESCRIPTION
1
BA-27
BATTERY 4.5V
2
CA-389
CAR&CITOR
3
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CAPACtTOR
4
CA-389
CAPACITOR
5
GN-38
GENERATOR
6
JK-34A
JACK
7
JK-33A
JACK
8
PL- 55
PLUG
9
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