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Algebra 2: Section 6.2

This document provides information about evaluating and graphing polynomial functions. It defines polynomial functions as having integer exponents and real number coefficients. Polynomials are written in standard form with terms in descending order of exponents. The degree of a polynomial is the exponent of its highest term. The leading coefficient is the coefficient of the highest term. The end behavior of a polynomial graph depends on the sign of the leading coefficient and whether the degree is even or odd.

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502 views21 pages

Algebra 2: Section 6.2

This document provides information about evaluating and graphing polynomial functions. It defines polynomial functions as having integer exponents and real number coefficients. Polynomials are written in standard form with terms in descending order of exponents. The degree of a polynomial is the exponent of its highest term. The leading coefficient is the coefficient of the highest term. The end behavior of a polynomial graph depends on the sign of the leading coefficient and whether the degree is even or odd.

Uploaded by

api-16254560
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Algebra 2: Section 6.

2
Evaluating and Graphing Polynomial
Functions

1
Polynomial Function

• A function is a polynomial function if…


– Exponents are all whole numbers
– Coefficients are all real numbers
• Standard Form of Polynomial Function
– All terms are written in descending order of
exponents from left to right

f ( x) an x n
an 1 x n 1
 a1 x a0

2
Parts of Polynomial
Function
• Leading coefficient
– Coefficient on highest power of x
• Constant term
– Term that has no variable (no x)
• Degree of the polynomial
– Exponent of the highest power of x

3
Classifying Polynomial
Functions
• Classify based on highest power of x
• Power of x
– Zero: Constant
– One: Linear
– Two: Quadratic
– Three: Cubic
– Four: Quartic

4
Examples
• Decide whether the function is a
polynomial function. If it is, write the
function in standard form and state its
degree, type, and leading coefficient.
2 2
1. f ( x) 2x x
No, because negative exponent.

5
Examples
3 4
2. g ( x) 0.8 x x 5
Yes
4 3
f ( x) x 0.8 x 5
Degree: 4
Type: Quartic
Leading Coefficient: 1
6
Synthetic Substitution
(Synthetic Division)
• Gives another way to evaluate a function
• Also used to divide polynomials
– This will be discussed in later sections
• The last entry is the value of the function

7
Examples

• Use synthetic division to evaluate.


5 4
3. f ( x) 3x x 5 x 10 when x 2

8
5 4
3. f ( x) 3x x 5 x 10 when x 2
Number you are
evaluating goes in Coefficients of x written in order
front
Missing power of
x, zero coefficient!

2 3 1 0 0 5 10
Drop 1st 6 14 28 56 102
number
down
3 7 14 28 51 92

9
3 2
4. f ( x) 5 x x 4 x 1; f (4)

4 5 1 4 1
20 84 320
5 21 80 321

10
Assignment

• p.333
#15-26 all, 37-46 all
(22 problems)

11
What happens to the graph when x gets
very small or x gets very large?

As x gets very large


the graphs is rising

As x gets very small


the graphs is falling

12
What happens to the graph when x gets
very small or x gets very large?

As x gets very small As x gets very large


the graphs is rising the graphs is rising

13
End Behavior of Graphs of
Polynomial Functions
• What the function’s graph does as x approaches positive
and negative infinity

x x
“as x approaches negative infinity” “as x approaches positive infinity”
OR as x gets very small OR as x gets very large
OR as we move forever to the left OR as we move forever to the right

f ( x) f ( x)
“f(x) approaches negative infinity” “f(x) approaches positive infinity”
OR y gets very small OR y gets very large
OR the graph falls OR the graph rises
14
End Behavior of Polynomial Functions
n n 1
f ( x) an x an 1 x ... a1 x a0
• Leading term and degree tell end
behavior
• Follow these rules…

15
End Behavior of Polynomial Functions
n n 1
f ( x) an x an 1 x ... a1 x a0

an 0 and n even,
f ( x) as x and f ( x) as x
an 0 and n even,
f ( x) as x and f ( x) as x

16
End Behavior of Polynomial Functions
n n 1
f ( x) an x an 1 x ... a1 x a0

an 0 and n odd,
f ( x) as x and f ( x) as x
an 0 and n odd,
f ( x) as x and f ( x) as x

17
End Behavior of Polynomial
Functions
Leading Degree Left Right
Coefficient Behavior Behavior
+ Even Rises Rises

+ Odd Falls Rises

- Even Falls Falls

- Odd Rises Falls

18
End Behavior of Polynomial
Functions
Leading Degree as x as x
Coefficient
+ Even f ( x) f ( x)
+ Odd f ( x) f ( x)
- Even f ( x) f ( x)
- Odd f ( x) f ( x)
19
Examples

• Describe the end behavior of the


function.
3 2
1. f ( x) x 2 x x 3
Leading Coefficient: + Degree: Odd
f ( x) as x
f ( x) as x

20
Assignment

• p.334
#53-64 all, 65-79 odds
(20 problems)

• #65-79 odds (draw sketches of graphs


using graphing calculator, trace the curve
to get fairly accurate graphs)

21

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