Database - JDBC (java.

sql)

Connecting to a Database

This example uses the JDBC-ODBC bridge to connect to a database called ''mydatabase''.

try {

Class.forName("sun.jdbc.odbc.JdbcOdbcDriver");

String url = "jdbc:odbc:mydatabase";

Connection con = DriverManager.getConnection(

url, "login", "password");

} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {

} catch (SQLException e) {

Creating a Table

This example creates a table called ''mytable'' with three columns: COL_A which holds
strings, COL_B which holds integers, and COL_C which holds floating point numbers.

try {

Statement stmt = con.createStatement();

stmt.executeUpdate("CREATE TABLE mytable (

COL_A VARCHAR(100), COL_B INTEGER, COL_C FLOAT)");

} catch (SQLException e) {

}
Entering a New Row into a Table

This example enters a row containing a string, an integer, and a floating point number
into the table called ''mytable''.

try {

Statement stmt = connection.createStatement();

stmt.executeUpdate("INSERT INTO mytable

VALUES ('Patrick Chan', 123, 1.23)");

connection.close();

} catch (SQLException e) {

Getting All Rows from a Table

This example retrieves all the rows from a table called ''mytable''. A row in ''mytable''
consists of a string, integer, and floating point number.

try {

Statement stmt = connection.createStatement();

// Get data using colunm names.

ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery(

"SELECT * FROM mytable");

while (rs.next()) {

String s = rs.getString("COL_A");

int i = rs.getInt("COL_B");

float f = rs.getFloat("COL_C");

process(s, i, f);

}
 // Get data using colunm numbers.

rs = stmt.executeQuery(

"SELECT * FROM mytable");

while (rs.next()) {

String s = rs.getString(1);

int i = rs.getInt(2);

float f = rs.getFloat(3);

process(s, i, f);

} catch (SQLException e) {

Getting Particular Rows from a Table

This example retrieves all rows from a table called ''mytable'' whose column COL_A
equals ``Patrick Chan''. A row in ''mytable'' consists of a string, integer, and floating point
number.

try {

Statement stmt = connection.createStatement();

ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery(

"SELECT * FROM mytable WHERE COL_A = 'Patrick Chan'");

rs.next();

String s = rs.getString("COL_A");

int i = rs.getInt("COL_B");

float f = rs.getFloat("COL_C");

process(s, i, f);
} catch (SQLException e) {

Updating a Row of Data in a Table

This example updates a row in a table called ``mytable''. In particular, for all rows whose
column COL_B equals 123, column COL_A is set to ''John Doe''.

try {

Statement stmt = connection.createStatement();

int numUpdated = stmt.executeUpdate(

"UPDATE mytable SET COL_A = 'John Doe'

WHERE COL_B = 123");

connection.close();

} catch (SQLException e) {

Using a Prepared Statement

A prepared statement should be used in cases where a particular SQL statement is used
frequently. The prepared statement is more expensive to set up but executes faster than a
statement. This example demonstrates a prepared statement for getting all rows from a
table called ''mytable'' whose column COL_A equals ''Patrick Chan''. This example also
demonstrates a prepared statement for updating data in the table. In particular, for all
rows whose column COL_B equals 123, column COL_A is set to ''John Doe''.

try {

// Retrieving rows from the database.

PreparedStatement stmt = connection.prepareStatement(

"SELECT * FROM mytable WHERE COL_A = ?");

int colunm = 1;

stmt.setString(colunm, "Patrick Chan");

 ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery();

// Updating the database.

stmt = connection.prepareStatement(

"UPDATE mytable SET COL_A = ? WHERE COL_B = ?");

colunm = 1;

stmt.setString(colunm, "John Doe");

colunm = 2;

stmt.setInt(colunm, 123);

int numUpdated = stmt.executeUpdate();

} catch (SQLException e) {

 Examplets TM provided by permission of the publisher, Addision-Wesley, and Author

Patrick Chan.

 Handling Events with an Anonymous Class

If an event handler is specific to a component (that is, not shared by other components),
there is no need to declare a class to handle the event. The event handler can be
implemented using an anonymous inner class. This example demonstrates an anonymous
inner class to handle key events for a component.

  component.addKeyListener(new KeyAdapter() {

public void keyPressed(KeyEvent evt) {

});

Handling Action Events

Action events are fired by subclasses of AbstractButton and includes buttons,

checkboxes, and menus.

AbstractButton button = new JButton(quot;OK");

button.addActionListener(new MyActionListener());

public class MyActionListener

implements ActionListener {

public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent evt) {

// Determine which abstract // button fired the event.

AbstractButton button = (AbstractButton)evt.getSource();

Handling Key Presses

You can get the key that was pressed either as a key character (which is a Unicode
character) or as a key code (a special value representing a particular key on the
keyboard).

  component.addKeyListener(new MyKeyListener());

public class MyKeyListener extends KeyAdapter {

public void keyPressed(KeyEvent evt) {

// Check for key characters.

if (evt.getKeyChar() == 'a') {

process(evt.getKeyChar());

// Check for key codes.

if (evt.getKeyCode() == KeyEvent.VK_HOME) {

process(evt.getKeyCode());

}
}

Handling Mouse Clicks

component.addMouseListener(

new MyMouseListener());

public class MyMouseListener

extends MouseAdapter {

public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent evt) {

if ((evt.getModifiers() &

InputEvent.BUTTON1_MASK) != 0) {

processLeft(evt.getPoint());

if ((evt.getModifiers() &

InputEvent.BUTTON2_MASK) != 0) {

processMiddle(evt.getPoint());

if ((evt.getModifiers() &

InputEvent.BUTTON3_MASK) != 0) {

processRight(evt.getPoint());

Handling Mouse Motion

component.addMouseMotionListener(
 new MyMouseMotionListener());

public class MyMouseMotionListener

extends MouseMotionAdapter {

public void mouseMoved(MouseEvent evt) {

// Process current position of cursor

// while all mouse buttons are up.

process(evt.getPoint());

public void mouseDragged(MouseEvent evt) {

// Process current position of cursor

// while mouse button is pressed.

process(evt.getPoint());

Detecting Double and Triple Clicks

component.addMouseListener(

new MyMouseListener());

public class MyMouseListener extends MouseAdapter {

public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent evt) {

if (evt.getClickCount() == 3) {

// triple-click

} else if (evt.getClickCount() == 2) {

// double-click
 }

Handling Focus Changes

component.addFocusListener(

new MyFocusListener());

public class MyFocusListener

extends FocusAdapter {

public void focusGained(FocusEvent evt) {

// The component gained the focus.

public void focusLost(FocusEvent evt) {

// The component lost the focus.

Files, Streams, I/O (java.io)

Constructing a Path

On Windows, this example creates the path \blash a\blash b. On Unix, the path would
be /a/b.

 String path = File.separator +

"a" + File.separator + "b";

 Reading Text from Standard Input

try {
 BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(

new InputStreamReader(System.in));

String str = "";

while (str != null) {

System.out.print("> prompt ");

str = in.readLine();

process(str);

} catch (IOException e) {

Reading Text from a File

try {

BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(

new FileReader("infilename"));

String str;

while ((str = in.readLine()) != null) {

process(str);

in.close();

} catch (IOException e) {

 Writing to a File

If the file does not already exist, it is automatically created.

try {

BufferedWriter out = new BufferedWriter(

new FileWriter("outfilename"));

out.write("aString");

out.close();

} catch (IOException e) {

 Creating a Directory

(new File("directoryName")).mkdir();

 Appending to a File

try {

BufferedWriter out = new BufferedWriter(

new FileWriter("filename", true));

out.write("aString");

out.close();

} catch (IOException e) {

Deleting a File

(new File("filename")).delete();

 Deleting a Directory

(new File("directoryName")).delete();

 Creating a Temporary File

try {
 // Create temp file.

File temp = File.createTempFile(

"pattern", ".suffix");

// Delete temp file when program exits.

temp.deleteOnExit();

// Write to temp file

BufferedWriter out = new BufferedWriter(

new FileWriter(temp));

out.write("aString");

out.close();

} catch (IOException e) {

 Using a Random Access File

try {

File f = new File("filename");

RandomAccessFile raf =

new RandomAccessFile(f, "rw");

// Read a character.

char ch = raf.readChar();

// Seek to end of file.

raf.seek(f.length());

// Append to the end.

raf.writeChars("aString");
 raf.close();

} catch (IOException e) {

Serializing an Object

The object to be serialized must implement java.io.Serializable.

try {

ObjectOutput out = new ObjectOutputStream(

new FileOutputStream("filename.ser"));

out.writeObject(object);

out.close();

} catch (IOException e) {

Deserializing an Object

This example deserializes a java.awt.Button object.

try {

ObjectInputStream in = new ObjectInputStream(

new FileInputStream("filename.ser"));

AnObject object = (AnObject) in.readObject();

in.close();

} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
} catch (IOException e) {

 Traversing a Directory

public static void traverse(File f) {

process(f);

if (f.isDirectory()) {

String[] children = f.list();

for (int i=0; i<children.length; i++) {

traverse(new File(f, children[i]));

 Reading UTF-8 Encoded Data

try {

BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(

new InputStreamReader(new FileInputStream(

"infilename"), "UTF8"));

String str = in.readLine();

} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {

} catch (IOException e) {

 Writing UTF-8 Encoded Data

try {
 Writer out = new BufferedWriter(

new OutputStreamWriter(new FileOutputStream(

"outfilename"), "UTF8"));

out.write(aString);

out.close();

} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {

} catch (IOException e) {

 Reading ISO Latin-1 Encoded Data

try {

BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(

new InputStreamReader(new FileInputStream(

"infilename"), "8859_1"));

String str = in.readLine();

} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {

} catch (IOException e) {

 Writing ISO Latin-1 Encoded Data

try {

Writer out = new BufferedWriter(

new OutputStreamWriter(new FileOutputStream(

"outfilename"), "8859_1"));

out.write(aString);
 out.close();

} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {

} catch (IOException e) {

Networking (java.net)

Creating a URL

try {

// With components.

URL url = new URL("http","hostname", 80, "index.html");

// With a single string.

url = new URL(

"http://hostname:80/index.html");

} catch (MalformedURLException e) {

 Parsing a URL

try {

URL url = new URL("http://hostname:80/index.html#_top_");

String protocol = url.getProtocol(); // http

String host = url.getHost(); // hostname

int port = url.getPort(); // 80

String file = url.getFile(); // index.html

String ref = url.getRef(); // _top_

 } catch (MalformedURLException e) {

Reading Text from a URL

try {

URL url = new URL("http://hostname:80/index.html");

BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(

new InputStreamReader(url.openStream()));

String str;

while ((str = in.readLine()) != null) {

process(str);

in.close();

} catch (MalformedURLException e) {

} catch (IOException e) {

Resolving a Hostname

Creating a Client Socket

try {

InetAddress addr = InetAddress.getByName("java.sun.com");

int port = 80;

Socket sock = new Socket(addr, port);

} catch (IOException e) {
 }

 Creating a Server Socket

try {

int port = 2000;

ServerSocket srv = new ServerSocket(port);

// Wait for connection from client.

Socket socket = srv.accept();

} catch (IOException e) {

 Reading Text from a Socket

try {

BufferedReader rd = new BufferedReader(

new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));

String str;

while ((str = rd.readLine()) != null) {

process(str);

rd.close();

} catch (IOException e) {

 Writing Text to a Socket

try {
BufferedWriter wr = new BufferedWriter(

new OutputStreamWriter(socket.getOutputStream()));

wr.write("aString");

wr.flush();

} catch (IOException e) {

 Sending a Datagram

public static void send(InetAddress dst,

int port, byte[] outbuf, int len) {

try {

DatagramPacket request = new DatagramPacket(

outbuf, len, dst, port);

DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket();

socket.send(request);

} catch (SocketException e) {

} catch (IOException e) {

Receiving a Datagram

try {
 byte[] inbuf = new byte[256]; // default size

DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket();

// Wait for packet

DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(inbuf, inbuf.length);

socket.receive(packet);

// Data is now in inbuf

int numBytesReceived = packet.getLength();

} catch (SocketException e) {

} catch (IOException e) {

Joining a Multicast Group

public void join(String groupName, int port) {

try {

MulticastSocket msocket = new MulticastSocket(port);

group = InetAddress.getByName(groupName);

msocket.joinGroup(group);

} catch (IOException e) {

 Receiving from a Multicast Group

public void read(MulticastSocket msocket, byte[] inbuf) {

try {

DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(inbuf, inbuf.length);

// Wait for packet

msocket.receive(packet);

 // Data is now in inbuf

int numBytesReceived = packet.getLength();

} catch (IOException e) {

Sending to a Multicast Group

byte[] outbuf = new byte[1024];

int port = 1234;

try {

DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket();

InetAddress groupAddr = InetAddress.getByName(

"228.1.2.3");

DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(

outbuf, outbuf.length, groupAddr, port);

socket.send(packet);

} catch (SocketException e) {

} catch (IOException e) {

Defining and Exporting a Remote Object

1. Define the remote interface.

import java.rmi.*;

public interface RObject extends Remote {

void aMethod() throws RemoteException;

 Looking Up a Remote Object and Invoking a Method

try {

// Look up remote object

RObject robj = (RObject) Naming.lookup(

"//localhost/RObjectServer");

// Invoke method on remote object

robj.aMethod();

} catch (MalformedURLException e) {

} catch (UnknownHostException e) {

} catch (NotBoundException e) {

} catch (RemoteException e) {

Passing Parameters to a Remote Method

Arguments to remote methods must be primitive, serializable, or Remote. This example

demonstrates the declaration and use of all three parameter types.

 1. Define the remote interface.

import java.rmi.*;
public interface RObject extends Remote {

// This parameter is primitive.

void primitiveArg(int num) throws RemoteException;

// This parameter implements Serializable.

void byValueArg(Integer num) throws RemoteException;

// This parameter implements Remote.

void byRefArg(ArgObject arg) throws RemoteException;

public interface ArgObject extends Remote {

int aMethod() throws RemoteException;

2. Define the remote object implementation.

import java.rmi.*;

import java.rmi.server.UnicastRemoteObject;

public class RObjectImpl extends UnicastRemoteObject implements RObject {

public RObjectImpl() throws RemoteException {

super();

public void primitiveArg(int num) throws RemoteException {

public void byValueArg(Integer num) throws RemoteException {

public void byRefArg(ArgObject arg) throws RemoteException {

 }

 3. Compile the remote object implementation.

> javac RObject.java RObjectImpl.java

 4. Generate the skeletons and stubs.

> rmic RObjectImpl

 5. Create an instance of RObjectImpl and bind it to the RMI Registry.

try {

RObject robj = new RObjectImpl();

Naming.rebind("//localhost/RObjectServer", robj);

} catch (MalformedURLException e) {

} catch (UnknownHostException e) {

} catch (RemoteException e) {

 6. Look Up the Remote object and pass the parameters.

try {

// Look up the remote object

RObject robj = (RObject) Naming.lookup("//localhost/RObjectServer");

// Pass a primitive value as argument

robj.primitiveArg(1998);

// Pass a serializable object as argument

robj.byValueArg(new Integer(9));

// Pass a Remote object as argument

 robj.byRefArg(new ArgObjectImpl());

} catch (MalformedURLException e) {

} catch (UnknownHostException e) {

} catch (NotBoundException e) {

} catch (RemoteException e) {

Returning Values from a Remote Method

Return values from remote methods must be primitive, serializable, or Remote. This
example demonstrates the declaration and use of all three return types. 1. Define the
remote interface.

 import java.rmi.*;

public interface RObject extends Remote {

// This return value is primitive.

int primitiveRet() throws RemoteException;

// This return value implements Serializable.

Integer byValueRet() throws RemoteException;

// This return value implements Remote.

ArgObject byRefRet() throws RemoteException;

public interface ArgObject extends Remote {

int aMethod() throws RemoteException;

 2. Define the remote object implementation.

import java.rmi.*;
import java.rmi.server.UnicastRemoteObject;

public class RObjectImpl extends UnicastRemoteObject implements RObject {

public RObjectImpl() throws RemoteException {

super();

public int primitiveRet() throws RemoteException {

return 3000;

public Integer byValueRet() throws RemoteException {

return new Integer(2000);

public ArgObject byRefRet() throws RemoteException {

return new ArgObjectImpl();

 3. Compile the remote object implementation.

> javac RObject.java RObjectImpl.java

4. Generate the skeletons and stubs.

> rmic RObjectImpl

 5. Create an instance of RObjectImpl and bind it to the RMI Registry.

try {

RObject robj = new RObjectImpl();

Naming.rebind("//localhost/RObjectServer", robj);
 } catch (MalformedURLException e) {

} catch (UnknownHostException e) {

} catch (RemoteException e) {

6. Look Up the Remote object, invoke the methods, and receive the return values.

try {

// Look up the remote object

RObject robj = (RObject) Naming.lookup(

"//localhost/RObjectServer");

// Receive the primitive value as return value

int r1 = robj.primitiveRet();

// Receive the serializable object as return value

Integer r2 = robj.byValueRet();

// Receive the Remote Object as return value

ArgObject aobj = robj.byRefRet();

} catch (MalformedURLException e) {

} catch (UnknownHostException e) {

} catch (NotBoundException e) {

} catch (RemoteException e) {

 Throwing an Exception from a Remote Method

 1. Define the remote interface.

import java.rmi.*;

public interface RObject extends Remote {

void aMethod() throws RemoteException;

 2. Define the remote object implementation.

import java.rmi.*;

import java.rmi.server.UnicastRemoteObject;

public class RObjectImpl extends

UnicastRemoteObject implements RObject {

public RObjectImpl() throws RemoteException {

super();

public void aMethod() throws RemoteException {

// The actual exception must be wrapped in

// a RemoteException

throw new RemoteException(

"message", new FileNotFoundException("message"));

 3. Compile the remote object implementation.

> javac RObject.java RObjectImpl.java

 4. Generate the skeletons and stubs.

> rmic RObjectImpl

5. Create an instance of RObjectImpl and bind it to the RMI Registry.

try {

RObject robj = new RObjectImpl();

Naming.rebind("//localhost/RObjectServer", robj);

} catch (MalformedURLException e) {

} catch (UnknownHostException e) {

} catch (RemoteException e) {

 6. Look up the Remote object, invoke the method, and catch the exception.

try {

// Look up the remote object.

RObject robj = (RObject) Naming.lookup(

"//localhost/RObjectServer");

// Invoke the method.

robj.aMethod();

} catch (MalformedURLException e) {

} catch (UnknownHostException e) {

} catch (NotBoundException e) {

} catch (RemoteException e) {

// Get the actual exception that was thrown.

Throwable realException = e.detail;

 
 Strings (java.lang)

Constructing a String

If you are constructing a string with several appends, it may be more efficient to construct
it using a StringBuffer and then convert it to an immutable String object.

StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer("Initial Text");

// Modify

int index = 1;

buf.insert(index, "abc");

buf.append("def");

// Convert to string

String s = buf.toString();

Getting a Substring from a String

int start = 1;

int end = 4;

String substr = "aString".substring(start, end); // Str

Searching a String

String string = "aString";

// First occurrence.

int index = string.indexOf('S'); // 1

  // Last occurrence.

index = string.lastIndexOf('i'); // 4

// Not found.
index = string.lastIndexOf('z'); // -1

 Replacing Characters in a String

// Replace all occurrences of 'a' with 'o'

String newString = string.replace('a', 'o');

 Replacing Substrings in a String

static String replace(String str,

String pattern, String replace) {

int s = 0;

int e = 0;

StringBuffer result = new StringBuffer();

while ((e = str.indexOf(pattern, s)) >= 0) {

result.append(str.substring(s, e));

result.append(replace);

s = e+pattern.length();

result.append(str.substring(s));

return result.toString();

Converting a String to Upper or Lower Case

// Convert to upper case

String upper = string.toUpperCase();

// Convert to lower case

String lower = string.toLowerCase();

 

Converting a String to a Number

int i = Integer.parseInt("123");

long l = Long.parseLong("123");

float f = Float.parseFloat("123.4");

double d = Double.parseDouble("123.4e10");

 Converting Unicode to UTF-8

try {

String string = "\u5639\u563b";

byte[] utf8 = string.getBytes("UTF8");

} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {

 Converting UTF-8 to Unicode

public static String toUnicode(byte[] utf8buf) {

try {

return new String(utf8buf, "UTF8");

} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {

return null;

 Determining a Character's Unicode Block

char ch = '\u5639';
Character.UnicodeBlock block =

Character.UnicodeBlock.of(ch);

 Breaking a String into Words

String aString = "word1 word2 word3";

StringTokenizer parser = new StringTokenizer(aString);

while (parser.hasMoreTokens()) {

processWord(parser.nextToken());

1. What are the steps involved in establishing a JDBC connection? This action
involves two steps: loading the JDBC driver and making the connection.
2. How can you load the drivers?
Loading the driver or drivers you want to use is very simple and involves just one
line of code. If, for example, you want to use the JDBC-ODBC Bridge driver, the
following code will load it:

Class.forName("sun.jdbc.odbc.JdbcOdbcDriver");

Your driver documentation will give you the class name to use. For instance, if
the class name is jdbc.DriverXYZ, you would load the driver with the following
line of code:

Class.forName("jdbc.DriverXYZ");

3. What will Class.forName do while loading drivers? It is used to create an

instance of a driver and register it with the
DriverManager. When you have loaded a driver, it is available for making a
connection with a DBMS.
4. How can you make the connection? To establish a connection you need to have
the appropriate driver connect to the DBMS.
The following line of code illustrates the general idea:

String url = “jdbc:odbc:Fred";

Connection con = DriverManager.getConnection(url, “Fernanda", “J8?);
5. How can you create JDBC statements and what are they?
A Statement object is what sends your SQL statement to the DBMS. You simply
create a Statement object and then execute it, supplying the appropriate execute
method with the SQL statement you want to send. For a SELECT statement, the
method to use is executeQuery. For statements that create or modify tables, the
method to use is executeUpdate. It takes an instance of an active connection to
create a Statement object. In the following example, we use our Connection object
con to create the Statement object

Statement stmt = con.createStatement();

6. How can you retrieve data from the ResultSet?

JDBC returns results in a ResultSet object, so we need to declare an instance of
the class ResultSet to hold our results. The following code demonstrates declaring
the ResultSet object rs.

ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery("SELECT COF_NAME, PRICE FROM

COFFEES");
String s = rs.getString("COF_NAME");

The method getString is invoked on the ResultSet object rs, so getString() will
retrieve (get) the value stored in the column COF_NAME in the current row of rs.

7. What are the different types of Statements?

Regular statement (use createStatement method), prepared statement (use
prepareStatement method) and callable statement (use prepareCall)
8. How can you use PreparedStatement? This special type of statement is derived
from class Statement.If you need a
Statement object to execute many times, it will normally make sense to use a
PreparedStatement object instead. The advantage to this is that in most cases, this
SQL statement will be sent to the DBMS right away, where it will be compiled.
As a result, the PreparedStatement object contains not just an SQL statement, but
an SQL statement that has been precompiled. This means that when the
PreparedStatement is executed, the DBMS can just run the PreparedStatement’s
SQL statement without having to compile it first.
9. PreparedStatement updateSales =
10. con.prepareStatement("UPDATE COFFEES SET SALES
= ? WHERE COF_NAME LIKE ?");
11. What does setAutoCommit do?
When a connection is created, it is in auto-commit mode. This means that each
individual SQL statement is treated as a transaction and will be automatically
committed right after it is executed. The way to allow two or more statements to
be grouped into a transaction is to disable auto-commit mode:

con.setAutoCommit(false);
 Once auto-commit mode is disabled, no SQL statements will be committed until
you call the method commit explicitly.

con.setAutoCommit(false);
PreparedStatement updateSales =
con.prepareStatement( "UPDATE COFFEES SET SALES = ?
WHERE COF_NAME LIKE ?");
updateSales.setInt(1, 50); updateSales.setString(2,
"Colombian");
updateSales.executeUpdate();
PreparedStatement updateTotal =
con.prepareStatement("UPDATE COFFEES SET TOTAL =
TOTAL + ? WHERE COF_NAME LIKE ?");
updateTotal.setInt(1, 50);
updateTotal.setString(2, "Colombian");
updateTotal.executeUpdate();
con.commit();
con.setAutoCommit(true);
12. How do you call a stored procedure from JDBC?
The first step is to create a CallableStatement object. As with Statement an and
PreparedStatement objects, this is done with an open
Connection object. A CallableStatement object contains a call to a stored
procedure.
13. CallableStatement cs = con.prepareCall("{call
SHOW_SUPPLIERS}");
14. ResultSet rs = cs.executeQuery();
15. How do I retrieve warnings?
SQLWarning objects are a subclass of SQLException that deal with database
access warnings. Warnings do not stop the execution of an
application, as exceptions do; they simply alert the user that something did not
happen as planned. A warning can be reported on a
Connection object, a Statement object (including PreparedStatement and
CallableStatement objects), or a ResultSet object. Each of these
classes has a getWarnings method, which you must invoke in order to see the first
warning reported on the calling object:
16. SQLWarning warning = stmt.getWarnings();
17. if (warning != null)
18. {
19. System.out.println("n---Warning---n");
20. while (warning != null)
21. {
22. System.out.println("Message: " +
warning.getMessage());
23. System.out.println("SQLState: " +
warning.getSQLState());
24. System.out.print("Vendor error code: ");
25.
System.out.println(warning.getErrorCode());
26. System.out.println("");
27. warning = warning.getNextWarning();
28. }
29. }
30. How can you move the cursor in scrollable result sets?
One of the new features in the JDBC 2.0 API is the ability to move a result set’s
cursor backward as well as forward. There are also methods that let you move the
cursor to a particular row and check the position of the cursor.

Statement stmt = con.createStatement(ResultSet.TYPE_SCROLL_SENSITIVE,

ResultSet.CONCUR_READ_ONLY);
ResultSet srs = stmt.executeQuery("SELECT COF_NAME, PRICE FROM
COFFEES");

The first argument is one of three constants added to the ResultSet API to indicate
the type of a ResultSet object: TYPE_FORWARD_ONLY,
TYPE_SCROLL_INSENSITIVE , and TYPE_SCROLL_SENSITIVE. The
second argument is one of two ResultSet constants for specifying whether a result
set is read-only or updatable: CONCUR_READ_ONLY and
CONCUR_UPDATABLE. The point to remember here is that if you specify a
type, you must also specify whether it is read-only or updatable. Also, you must
specify the type first, and because both parameters are of type int , the compiler
will not complain if you switch the order. Specifying the constant
TYPE_FORWARD_ONLY creates a nonscrollable result set, that is, one in
which the cursor moves only forward. If you do not specify any constants for the
type and updatability of a ResultSet object, you will automatically get one that is
TYPE_FORWARD_ONLY and CONCUR_READ_ONLY.

31. What’s the difference between TYPE_SCROLL_INSENSITIVE , and

TYPE_SCROLL_SENSITIVE?
You will get a scrollable ResultSet object if you specify one of these ResultSet
constants.The difference between the two has to do with whether a result set
reflects changes that are made to it while it is open and whether certain methods
can be called to detect these changes. Generally speaking, a result set that is
TYPE_SCROLL_INSENSITIVE does not reflect changes made while it is still
open and one that is TYPE_SCROLL_SENSITIVE does. All three types of result
sets will make changes visible if they are closed and then reopened:
32. Statement stmt =
33.
con.createStatement(ResultSet.TYPE_SCROLL_INSENSITIVE,
ResultSet.CONCUR_READ_ONLY);
34. ResultSet srs =
35. stmt.executeQuery("SELECT COF_NAME, PRICE FROM
COFFEES");
36. srs.afterLast();
37. while (srs.previous())
38. {
39. String name = srs.getString("COF_NAME");
40. float price = srs.getFloat("PRICE");
41. System.out.println(name + " " + price);
42. }
43. How to Make Updates to Updatable Result Sets?
Another new feature in the JDBC 2.0 API is the ability to update rows in a result
set using methods in the Java programming language rather than having to send
an SQL command. But before you can take advantage of this capability, you need
to create a ResultSet object that is updatable. In order to do this, you supply the
ResultSet constant CONCUR_UPDATABLE to the createStatement method.
44. Connection con =
45.
DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mySubprotocol:mySubNa
me");
46. Statement stmt =
47.
con.createStatement(ResultSet.TYPE_SCROLL_SENSITIVE,
ResultSet.CONCUR_UPDATABLE);
48. ResultSet uprs =
49. stmt.executeQuery("SELECT COF_NAME, PRICE FROM
COFFEES");