Storage Administrator Interview Questions

Author Anilkumar G
Version 1.0
Dated 4March, 2010
1. WHAT ARE THE BENEFITS OF FIBRE CHANNEL SANS?
Fibre Channel SAs are the de !acto standard !or stora"e net#orkin" in the cor$orate data center because the%
$ro&ide e'ce$tional reliabilit%, scalabilit%, consolidation, and $er!ormance. Fibre Channel SAs $ro&ide
si"ni!icant ad&anta"es o&er direct(attached stora"e throu"h im$ro&ed stora"e utili)ation, hi"her data
a&ailabilit%, reduced mana"ement costs, and hi"hl% scalable ca$acit% and $er!ormance.
2. WHAT ARE THE BENEFITS OF 4GB FIBRE CHANNEL?
*ene!its include t#ice the $er!ormance #ith little or no $rice increase, in&estment $rotection #ith back#ard
com$atibilit% to 2 G*, hi"her reliabilit% due to !e#er SA com$onents +s#itch and ,*A $orts- re.uired, and the
abilit% to re$licate, back u$, and restore data more .uickl%. 4 G* Fibre Channel s%stems are ideall% suited !or
a$$lications that need to .uickl% trans!er lar"e amounts o! data such as remote re$lication across a SA,
streamin" &ideo on demand, modelin" and renderin", and lar"e databases. 4 G* technolo"% is shi$$in" toda%.
3. HOW IS FIBRE CHANNEL DIFFERENT FROM ISCSI?
Fibre Channel and iSCS/ each ha&e a distinct $lace in the /0 in!rastructure as SA alternati&es to DAS. Fibre
Channel "enerall% $ro&ides hi"h $er!ormance and hi"h a&ailabilit% !or business(critical a$$lications, usuall%
in the cor$orate data center. /n contrast, iSCS/ is "enerall% used to $ro&ide SAs !or business a$$lications in
smaller re"ional or de$artmental data centers.
4. WHEN SHOULD I DEPLOY FIBRE CHANNEL INSTEAD OF ISCSI?
For en&ironments consistin" o! hi"h(end ser&ers that re.uire hi"h band#idth or data center en&ironments #ith
business(critical data, Fibre Channel is a better !it than iSCS/. For en&ironments consistin" o! man% midran"e or
lo#(end ser&ers, an /1 SA solution o!ten deli&ers the most a$$ro$riate $rice2$er!ormance.
5. Name !me !" #$e SAN #!%!&!'(e

1oint(to($oint, arbitrated loo$, and s#itched !abric to$olo"ies
). W$a#* #$e +ee, "!- e%a-a#e +e#.!-/ "!- #!-a'e .$0 LAN 1a++!# 2e 3e,?
3A hard#are and o$eratin" s%stems are "eared to user tra!!ic, and 3As are tuned !or a !ast user res$onse to
messa"in" re.uests. 4ith a SA, the stora"e units can be secured se$aratel% !rom the ser&ers and totall% a$art
!rom the user net#ork enhancin" stora"e access in data blocks +bulk data trans!ers-, ad&anta"eous !or ser&er(
less backu$s.
4. W$a# a-e #$e a,5a+#a'e !" RAID?
56edundant Arra% o! /ne'$ensi&e Disks7
De$endin" on ho# #e con!i"ure the arra%, #e can ha&e the
( data mirrored 86A/D 09 +du$licate co$ies on se$arate dri&es-
( stri$ed 86A/D 19 +interlea&ed across se&eral dri&es-, or
( $arit% $rotected 86A/D :9+e'tra data #ritten to identi!% errors-.
0hese can be used in combination to deli&er the balance o! $er!ormance and reliabilit% that the user re.uires.
6. De"(+e RAID? W$(1$ !+e 0!3 "ee& ( '!!, 1$!(1e?
6A/D +6edundant arra% o! /nde$endent Disks- is a technolo"% to achie&e redundanc% #ith !aster /2;. 0here are
Man% 3e&els o! 6A/D to meet di!!erent needs o! the customer #hich are< 60, 61, 6=, 64, 6:, 610, 6>.
Generall% customer chooses 6: to achie&e better redundanc% and s$eed and it is cost e!!ecti&e.
60 ? S#-(%e, e# .(#$!3# %a-(#078N!+9Re,3+,a+# A--a0:.
1ro&ides im$ro&ed $er!ormance and additional stora"e but no !ault tolerance. An% disk !ailure destro%s the
arra%, #hich becomes more likel% #ith more disks in the arra%. A sin"le disk !ailure destro%s the entire arra%
because #hen data is #ritten to a 6A/D 0 dri&e, the data is broken into !ra"ments. 0he number o! !ra"ments is
dictated b% the number o! disks in the dri&e. 0he !ra"ments are #ritten to their res$ecti&e disks simultaneousl%
on the same sector. 0his allo#s smaller sections o! the entire chunk o! data to be read o!! the dri&e in $arallel,
"i&in" this t%$e o! arran"ement hu"e band#idth. 6A/D 0 does not im$lement error checkin" so an% error is
unreco&erable. More disks in the arra% means hi"her band#idth, but "reater risk o! data loss
61 ( M(--!-e, e# .(#$!3# %a-(#0.
1ro&ides !ault tolerance !rom disk errors and !ailure o! all but one o! the dri&es. /ncreased read $er!ormance
occurs #hen usin" a multi(threaded o$eratin" s%stem that su$$orts s$lit seeks, &er% small $er!ormance
reduction #hen #ritin". Arra% continues to o$erate so lon" as at least one dri&e is !unctionin". @sin" 6A/D 1
#ith a se$arate controller !or each disk is sometimes called duplexing.
6= ( S#-(%e, e# .(#$ ,e,(1a#e, %a-(#07B(# (+#e-&ea5e, %a-(#0.
0his mechanism $ro&ides an im$ro&ed $er!ormance and !ault tolerance similar to 6A/D :, but #ith a dedicated
$arit% disk rather than rotated $arit% stri$es. 0he sin"le $arit% disk is a bottle(neck !or #ritin" since e&er% #rite
re.uires u$datin" the $arit% data. ;ne minor bene!it is the dedicated $arit% disk allo#s the $arit% dri&e to !ail
and o$eration #ill continue #ithout $arit% or $er!ormance $enalt%.
64 ( B&!1/ &e5e& %a-(#0.
/dentical to 6A/D =, but does block(le&el stri$in" instead o! b%te(le&el stri$in". /n this setu$, !iles can be
distributed bet#een multi$le disks. Aach disk o$erates inde$endentl% #hich allo#s /2; re.uests to be $er!ormed
in $arallel, thou"h data trans!er s$eeds can su!!er due to the t%$e o! $arit%. 0he error detection is achie&ed
throu"h dedicated $arit% and is stored in a se$arate, sin"le disk unit.
6: ( S#-(%e, e# .(#$ ,(#-(23#e, %a-(#0.
Distributed $arit% re.uires all dri&es but one to be $resent to o$erateB dri&e !ailure re.uires re$lacement, but
the arra% is not destro%ed b% a sin"le dri&e !ailure. @$on dri&e !ailure, an% subse.uent reads can be calculated
!rom the distributed $arit% such that the dri&e !ailure is masked !rom the end user. 0he arra% #ill ha&e data loss
in the e&ent o! a second dri&e !ailure and is &ulnerable until the data that #as on the !ailed dri&e is rebuilt onto
a re$lacement dri&e.
6> ( S#-(%e, e# .(#$ ,3a& ,(#-(23#e, Pa-(#0.
1ro&ides !ault tolerance !rom t#o dri&e !ailuresB arra% continues to o$erate #ith u$ to t#o !ailed dri&es. 0his
makes lar"er 6A/D "rou$s more $ractical, es$eciall% !or hi"h a&ailabilit% s%stems. 0his becomes increasin"l%
im$ortant because lar"e(ca$acit% dri&es len"then the time needed to reco&er !rom the !ailure o! a sin"le dri&e.
Sin"le $arit% 6A/D le&els are &ulnerable to data loss until the !ailed dri&e is rebuilt< the lar"er the dri&e, the
lon"er the rebuild #ill take. Dual $arit% "i&es time to rebuild the arra% #ithout the data bein" at risk i! one
dri&e, but no more, !ails be!ore the rebuild is com$lete.
;. W$a# ( #$e ,(""e-e+1e 2e#.ee+ RAID <=1 a+, RAID 1=<
RAID <=1 >M(--!-e, S#-(%%e,?
/n this 6A/D le&el all the data is sa&ed on stri$$ed &olumes #hich are in turn mirrored, so an% disk !ailure sa&es
the data loss but it makes #hole stri$e una&ailable. 0he ke% di!!erence !rom 6A/D 1C0 is that 6A/D 0C1 creates
a second stri$ed set to mirror a $rimar% stri$ed set. 0he arra% continues to o$erate #ith one or more dri&es
!ailed in the same mirror set, but i! dri&es !ail on both sides o! the mirror the data on the 6A/D s%stem is lost.
/n this 6A/D le&el i! one disk is !ailed !ull mirror is marked as inacti&e and data is sa&ed onl% one stri$$ed
&olume.
RAID 1=< >S#-(%%e, M(--!-e,?
/n this 6A/D le&el all the data is sa&ed on mirrored &olumes #hich are in turn stri$$ed, so an% disk !ailure sa&es
data loss. 0he ke% di!!erence !rom 6A/D 0C1 is that 6A/D 1C0 creates a stri$ed set !rom a series o! mirrored
dri&es. /n a !ailed disk situation 6A/D 1C0 $er!orms better because all the remainin" disks continue to be used.
0he arra% can sustain multi$le dri&e losses so lon" as no mirror loses both its dri&es.
0his 6A/D le&el is most $re!erred !or hi"h $er!ormance and hi"h data $rotection because rebuildin" o! 6A/D 1C0
is less time consumin" in com$arison to 6A/D 0C1.
1<. W$e+ @BODA a-e 3e,?
5Dust a *unch o! Disks7
/t is a collection o! disks that share a common connection to the ser&er, but donEt include the mirrorin",
stri$in", or $arit% !acilities that 6A/D s%stems do, but these ca$abilities are a&ailable #ith host(based so!t#are.
11. D(""e-e+#(a#e RAID B @BOD?
6A/D< 56edundant Arra% o! /ne'$ensi&e Disks7
Fault(tolerant "rou$in" o! disks that ser&er sees as a sin"le disk &olume
Combination o! $arit%(checkin", mirrorin", stri$in"
Sel!(contained, mana"eable unit o! stora"e
D*;D< 5Dust a *unch o! Disks7
Dri&es inde$endentl% attached to the /2; channel
Scalable, but re.uires ser&er to mana"e multi$le &olumes
Do not $ro&ide $rotection in case o! dri&e !ailure
12. W$a# ( a HBA?
,ost bus ada$ters +,*As- are needed to connect the ser&er +host- to the stora"e.
13. W$a# a-e #$e a,5a+#a'e !" SAN?
Massi&el% e'tended scalabilit%
Greatl% enhanced de&ice connecti&it%
Stora"e consolidation
3A(!ree backu$
Ser&er(less +acti&e(!abric- backu$
Ser&er clusterin"
,etero"eneous data sharin"
Disaster reco&er% ( 6emote mirrorin"
4hile ans#erin" $eo$le do ;0 $ortra% clearl% #hat the% mean F #hat ad&anta"es each o! them ha&e, #hich
are cost e!!ecti&e F #hich are to be used !or the clientGs re.uirements.
14. W$a# ( #$e ,(""e-e+1e 27. SAN a+, NAS?
0he basic di!!erence bet#een SA and AS, SA is Fabric based and AS is Athernet based.
SA ( Stora"e Area et#ork
/t accesses data on block le&el and $roduces s$ace to host in !orm o! disk.
AS ( et#ork attached Stora"e
/t accesses data on !ile le&el and $roduces s$ace to host in !orm o! shared net#ork !older.
5. Ca+ 0!3 2-(e"&0 eC%&a(+ ea1$ !" #$ee S#!-a'e a-ea 1!m%!+e+#?
Fa2-(1 S.(#1$D /tGs a de&ice #hich interconnects multi$le net#ork de&ices .0here are s#itches startin" !rom 1>
$ort to =2 $orts #hich connect 1> or =2 machine nodes etc. &endors #ho manu!acture these kind o! s#itches
are *rocade, McData.
FC C!+#-!&&e-D 0hese are Data trans!er media the% #ill sit on 1C/ slots o! Ser&erB %ou can con!i"ure Arra%s
and &olumes on it.
@BODD Dust *unch o! Disks is Stora"e *o', it consists o! Anclosure #here set o! hard(dri&es are hosted in man%
combinations such SCS/ dri&es, SAS, FC, SA0A.
1). W$(1$ !+e ( #$e De"a3&# ID "!- SCSI HBA?
Generall% the de!ault /D !or SCS/ ,*A is H.
SCS/( Small Com$uter S%stem /nter!ace
,*A ( ,ost *us Ada$tor
14. W$a# ( #$e $('$e# a+, &!.e# %-(!-(#0 !" SCSI?
0here are 1> di!!erent /DEs #hich can be assi"ned to SCS/ de&ice H, >, :, 4, =, 2, 1, 0, 1:, 14, 1=, 12, 11, 10,
I, J.
,i"hest $riorit% o! SCS/ is /D H and lo#est /D is J.
16. H!. ,! 0!3 (+#a&& ,e5(1e ,-(5e- "!- #$e HBA "(-# #(me ,3-(+' OS (+#a&&a#(!+?
/n some scenarios %ou are su$$osed to install ;$eratin" S%stem on the dri&es connected thru SCS/ ,*A or
SCS/ 6A/D Controllers, but most o! the ;S #ill not be u$dated #ith dri&ers !or those controllers, that time %ou
need to su$$l% dri&ers e'ternall%, i! %ou are installin" #indo#s, %ou need to $ress F> durin" the installation o!
;S and $ro&ide the dri&er disk or CD #hich came alon" #ith ,*A.
/! %ou are installin" 3inu' %ou need to t%$e Klinu' ddK !or installin" an% dri&er.
1;. Ca+ 3 ,e1-(2e a#9&ea# 3 #-!32&e$!!#(+' 1e+a-(! .$(1$ 0!3 $a5e 1!me a1-! (+ ,e#a(& ?
SCENARIO 1D ,o# do %ou !ind2debu" #hen there is error #hile #orkin" SCS/ de&icesL
/n our dail% SA troubleshootin" there are man% mana"ement and con!i"uration tools #e use them to see #hen
there is a !ailure #ith tar"et de&ice or initiator de&ice.
Some time it is e&en hard to troubleshoot some o! the thin"s such as media errors in the dri&es, or some o! the
dri&es takin" lon" time to s$in(u$. /n such cases these utilities #ill not come to hel$. 0o debu" this kind o!
in!ormation most o! the controller #ill be im$lemented #ith =($in serial debu" $ort. 4ith serial $ort debu"
connector cable %ou can collect the debu" in!ormation #ith h%$er terminal so!t#are.
SCENARIO 2D / am ha&in" an issue #ith a controller its takin" lot o! time to boot and detect all the dri&es
connected ho# can / sol&e this.L
0here are man% $ossibilities that mi"ht cause this $roblem. ;ne o! the reason mi"ht be %ou are usin" bad
dri&es that cannot be re$aired. /n those cases %ou re$lace the disks #ith #orkin" ones.
Another reason mi"ht be slots %ou connected %our controller to a slot #hich mi"ht not be su$$orted.
0r% to connect #ith other t%$es o! slots.
;ne more $robable reason is i! %ou ha&e !lashed the !irm#are !or di!!erent ;AMEs on the same hard#are.
0o "et rid o! this the !lash utilities #ill be ha&in" o$tion to erase all the $re&ious and AA16;M and boot block
entr% o$tion. @se that o$tion to recti!% the $roblem.
SCENARIO 3D / am usin" ta$e dri&e series H00M, e&en the &endor in!ormation on the 0a$e dri&e sa%s H00M,
but the 1;S0 in!ormation #hile bootin" the ser&er is sho#in" as :00M #hat could be the $roblemL
First %ou should make sure %our hard#are is o! #hich series, %ou can !ind out this in the $roduct #ebsite.
Generall% %ou can see this because in most o! the testin" com$anies the% use same hard#are to test di!!erent
series o! same hard#are t%$e. 4hat the% do is the% !lash the di!!erent series !irm#are. Nou can al#a%s !lash
back to e'act hard#are t%$e.
2<. W$(1$ a-e #$e 4 #0%e !" SAN a-1$(#e1#3-e #0%e
a. Core(ed"e
b. Full(Mesh
c. 1artial(Mesh
d. Cascade
21. W$(1$ 1!mma+, ( 3e, (+ &(+3C #! /+!. #$e ,-(5e- 5e-(!+ !" a+0 $a-,.a-e ,e5(1e?
Dmes"
22. H!. ma+0 m(+(m3m ,-(5e a-e -eE3(-e, #! 1-ea#e R5 >RAID 5? ?
Nou need to ha&e at least = disk dri&es to create 6:.
23. Ca+ 0!3 +ame !me !" #$e #a#e !" RAID a--a0?
0here are states o! 6A/D arra%s that re$resent the status o! the 6A/D arra%s #hich are "i&en belo#
a. ;nline
b. De"raded
c. 6ebuildin"
d. Failed
24. Name #$e "ea#3-e !" SCSI93 #a+,a-,?
OAS< Ouick arbitration and selection
Domain Validation
C6C< C%clic redundanc% check
25. Ca+ .e a('+ a $!# %a-e #! R< >RAID <? a--a0?
o, since 60 is not redundant arra%, !ailure o! an% disks results in !ailure o! the entire arra% so #e cannot
rebuild the hot s$are !or the 60 arra%.
2). Ca+ 0!3 +ame !me !" #$e a5a(&a2&e #a%e me,(a #0%e?
0here are man% t%$es o! ta$e media a&ailable to back u$ the data some o! them are
DLTD ,('(#a& &(+ea- #a%e ( technolo"% !or ta$e backu$2archi&e o! net#orks and ser&ersB D30 technolo"%
addresses midran"e to hi"h(end ta$e backu$ re.uirements.
LTOD &(+ea- #a%e !%e+F a ne# standard ta$e !ormat de&elo$ed b% ,1, /*M, and Sea"ate.
AITD a,5a+1e, (+#e&&('e+# #a%eB a helical scan technolo"% de&elo$ed b% Son% !or ta$e backu$2archi&e o!
net#orks and ser&ers, s$eci!icall% addressin" midran"e to hi"h(end backu$ re.uirements.
24. W$a# ( HA?
,A ,i"h A&ailabilit% is a technolo"% to achie&e !ailo&er #ith &er% less latenc%. /ts a $ractical re.uirement o! data
centers these da%s #hen customers e'$ect the ser&ers to be runnin" 24 hours on all H da%s around the #hole
=>: da%s a %ear ( usuall% re!erred as 24'H'=>:. So to achie&e this, a redundant in!rastructure is created to
make sure i! one database ser&er or i! one a$$ ser&er !ails there is a re$lica Database or A$$ser&er read% to
take(o&er the o$erations. And customer ne&er e'$eriences an% outa"e #hen there is a ,A net#ork
in!rastructure.
26. W$a# ( 5(-#3a&(Ga#(!+?
Virtuali)ation is lo"ical re$resentation o! $h%sical de&ices. /t is the techni.ue o! mana"in" and $resentin"
stora"e de&ices and resources !unctionall%, re"ardless o! their $h%sical la%out or location. Virtuali)ation is the
$oolin" o! $h%sical stora"e !rom multi$le net#ork stora"e de&ices into #hat a$$ears to be a sin"le stora"e
de&ice that is mana"ed !rom a central console. Stora"e &irtuali)ation is commonl% used in a stora"e area
net#ork +SA-. 0he mana"ement o! stora"e de&ices can be tedious and time(consumin". Stora"e &irtuali)ation
hel$s the stora"e administrator $er!orm the tasks o! backu$, archi&in", and reco&er% more easil%, and in less
time, b% dis"uisin" the actual com$le'it% o! the SA.
2;. De1-(2e (+ 2-(e" #$e 1!m%!(#(!+ !" FC F-ame?
Start o! the Frame locator
Frame header +includes destination id and source id, 24 b%tes2> #ords-
Data 1a%load +enca$sulate SCS/ instruction can be 0(2112 b%tes in len"th-
C6C +error checkin", 4 b%tes-
And o! Frame +1 b%te-
3<. W$a# ( #!-a'e 5(-#3a&(Ga#(!+?
Stora"e &irtuali)ation is amal"amation o! multi$le n2# stora"e de&ices into sin"le stora"e unit.
31. W$a# a-e #$e %-!#!1!& 3e, (+ %$0(1a&7,a#a&(+/ a+, +e#.!-/ &a0e- !" SAN?

a- Athernet
b- SCS/
c- Fibre Channel
32. W$a# a-e #$e #0%e !" ,(/ a--a0 3e, (+ SAN?
a- D*;D
b- 6A/D
33. W$a# a-e ,(""e-e+# #0%e !" %-!#!1!& 3e, (+ #-a+%!-#a#(!+ a+, e(!+ &a0e- !" SAN?
a- Fibre Channel 1rotocol +FC1-
b- /nternet SCS/ +iSCS/-
c- Fibre Channel /1 +FC/1-
34. W$a# ( #$e #0%e !" E+1!,(+' 3e, (+ F(2-e C$a++e&?
Jb210b, as the encodin" techni.ue is able to detect all most all the bit errors
35. H!. ma+0 1&ae !" e-5(1e a-e a5a(&a2&e (+ F(2-e C$a++e&?
H Classes o! ser&ice are a&ailable in Fibre Channel
C&a91D Dedicated connection bet#een t#o communicators #ith ackno#led"ement o! !rame deli&er%.
/n class 1 ser&ice, a dedicated connection source and destination is established throu"h the !abric !or the
duration o! the transmission. /t $ro&ides ackno#led"ed ser&ice. 0his class o! ser&ice ensures that the !rames
are recei&ed b% the destination de&ice in the same order in #hich the% are sent, and reser&es !ull band#idth !or
the connection bet#een the t#o de&ices. /t does not $ro&ide !or a "ood utili)ation o! the a&ailable band#idth,
since it is blockin" another $ossible contender !or the same de&ice. *ecause o! this blockin" and necessar%
dedicated connection, class 1 is rarel% used.
C&a92D connection less but $ro&ides ackno#led"ement
Class 2 is a connectionless, ackno#led"ed ser&ice. Class 2 makes better use o! a&ailable band#idth since it
allo#s the !abric to multi$le' se&eral messa"es on a !rame(b%(!rame basis. As !rames tra&el throu"h the !abric
the% can take di!!erent routes, so class 2 ser&ice does not "uarantee in(order deli&er%. Class 2 relies on u$$er
la%er $rotocols to take care o! !rame se.uence. 0he use o! ackno#led"ments reduces a&ailable band#idth,
#hich needs to be considered in lar"e(scale bus% net#orks.
C&a93D connection less and $ro&ides no noti!ication o! deli&er%
0here is no dedicated connection in class = and the recei&ed !rames are not ackno#led"ed. Class = is also called
datagram connectionless ser&ice. /t o$timi)es the use o! !abric resources, but it is no# u$$er la%er $rotocol to
ensure that all !rames are recei&ed in the $ro$er order, and to re.uest to the source de&ice the retransmission
o! missin" !rames. Class = is a commonl% used class o! ser&ice in Fibre Channel net#orks.
C&a94D allo#s !ractional band#idth !or &irtual circuits
Class 4 is a connection(oriented ser&ice like class 1, but the main di!!erence is that it allocates onl% a !raction o!
a&ailable band#idth o! $ath throu"h the !abric that connects t#o P1orts. Virtual Circuits +VCs- are established
bet#een t#o P1orts #ith "uaranteed Oualit% o! Ser&ice +OoS-, includin" band#idth and latenc%. 3ike class 1,
class 4 "uarantees in(order deli&er% !rame deli&er% and $ro&ides ackno#led"ment o! deli&ered !rames, but no#
the !abric is res$onsible !or multi$le'in" !rames o! di!!erent VCs. Class 4 ser&ice is mainl% intended !or
multimedia a$$lications such as &ideo and !or a$$lications that allocate an established band#idth b%
de$artment #ithin the enter$rise. Class 4 #as added in the FC(1,(2 standard.
C&a 95D Class : is called isochronous ser&ice, and it is intended !or a$$lications that re.uire immediate
deli&er% o! the data as it arri&es, #ith no bu!!erin". /t is not clearl% de!ined %et. /t is not included in the FC(1,
documents.
C&a9)D 1ro&ides multicast, dedicated connection #ith ackno#led"ment
Class > is a &ariant o! class 1, kno#n as multicast class o! ser&ice. /t $ro&ides dedicated connections !or a
reliable multicast. An P1ort ma% re.uest a class > connection !or one or more destinations. A multicast ser&er
in the !abric #ill establish the connections and "et ackno#led"ment !rom the destination $orts, and send it back
to the ori"inator. ;nce a connection is established, it should be retained and "uaranteed b% the !abric until the
initiator ends the connection. Class > #as desi"ned !or a$$lications like audio and &ideo re.uirin" multicast
!unctionalit%. /t a$$ears in the FC(1,(= standard.
C&a9FD used !or s#itch to s#itch communication in the !abric.
Class F ser&ice is de!ined in the FC(S4 and FC(S4(2 standard !or use b% s#itches communicatin" throu"h /S3s.
/t is a connectionless ser&ice #ith noti!ication o! non(deli&er% bet#een AP1orts used !or control, coordination,
and con!i"uration o! the !abric. Class F is similar to class 2B the main di!!erence is that Class 2 deals #ith
P1orts sendin" data !rames, #hile Class F is used b% AP$orts !or control and mana"ement o! the !abric.
3). W$a# a-e #$e ma(+ 1!+#-a(+ !" SCSI (+ #!-a'e +e#.!-/(+'?
a- De$lo%ment distance +ma'. o! 2: mts-
b- umber o! de&ices that can be interconnected +1>-
34. W$a# a-e #$e e-5(1e %-!5(,e, 20 Fa2-(1 #! a&& #$e +!,e?
a- Fabric 3o"in
b- SS
c- Fabric Address oti!ication
d- 6e"istered state chan"e noti!ication
e- *roadcast Ser&ers
36. W$a# ( #$e ,(""e-e+1e 2e#.ee+ LUN a+, WWN?
LUND uni.ue number that is assi"ned to each stora"e de&ice or $artition o! the stora"e that the stora"e can
su$$ort.
WWND >4bit address that is hard coded into a !ibre channel ,*A and this is used to identi!% indi&idual $ort
+P1ort or FP1ort- in the !abric.
3;. W$a# a-e #$e &a0e- !" F(2-e C$a++e& P-!#!1!&?
a- FC 1h%sical Media
b- FC Ancoder and Decoder
c- FC Framin" and Flo# control
d- FC Common Ser&ices
e- FC @$$er 3e&el 1rotocol Ma$$in"
4<. W$a# ( G!+(+'?
Fabric mana"ement ser&ice that can be used to create lo"ical subsets o! de&ices #ithin a SA. 0his enables
$ortionin" o! resources !or mana"ement and access control $ur$ose.
41. W$a# a-e #$e #.! maH!- 1&a("(1a#(!+ !" G!+(+'?
0#o t%$es o! )onin" are
a- So!t#are Qonin"
b- ,ard#are Qonin"
42. W$a# a-e ,(""e-e+# &e5e& !" G!+(+'?
a- 1ort 3e&el )onin"
b- 44 3e&el )onin"
c- De&ice 3e&el )onin"
d- 1rotocol 3e&el )onin"
e- 3@ 3e&el )onin"
43. W$a# a-e #$e 3 %-!m(+e+# 1$a-a1#e-(#(1 !" SAS P-!#!1!&?
a- ati&e Command Oueuin" +CO-
b- 1ort Multi$lier
c- 1ort Selector
44. W$a# a-e #$e 5 #a#e !" A-2(#-a-0 L!!% (+ FC?
a- 3oo$ /nitiali)ation
b- 3oo$ Monitorin"
c- 3oo$ arbitration
d- ;$en 3oo$
e- Close 3oo$
45. H!. ,!e FC S.(#1$ ma(+#a(+ #$e a,,-ee?
FC S#itch uses sim$le name ser&er +SS- to maintain the ma$$in" table
4). W$a# ( M3&#(%a#$ I7O?

Fault tolerant techni.ue #here, there is more than one $h%sical $ath bet#een the C1@ in the com$uter s%stems
and its main stora"e de&ices throu"h the buses, controllers, s#itches and other brid"e de&ices connectin"
them.
44. W$a# ( #-(%e93+(#9(Ge?
/t is data distribution scheme that com$lement s the #a% o$eratin" s%stem re.uest data. Granularit% at #hich
data is stored on one dri&e o! the arra% be!ore subse.uent data is stored on the ne't dri&e o! the arra%. Stri$e
unit si)e should be close to the si)e o! the s%stem /2; re.uest.
46. W$a# ( LUN Ma/(+'?
A method used to create an e'clusi&e stora"e area and access control. And this can be achie&ed b% stora"e
de&ice control $ro"ram.
4;. H!. ( #$e 1a%a1(#0 !" #$e HDD 1a&13&a#e,?
umber o! ,eads M umber o! C%linders M Sectors $er track M Sector Si)e
5<. W$a# ( 2a, 2&!1/ -ea&&!1a#(!+?

A bad sector is rema$$ed or reallocated to "ood s$are block and this in!ormation is stored in the internal table
on the hard disk dri&e. 0he bad blocks are identi!ied durin" the media test o! the ,DD as #ell as durin" &arious
t%$es o! read #rite o$erations $er!ormed durin" the /2; tests. A$art !rom the ne# "eneration o! ,DD comes
#ith a technolo"% called *GMS +back"round media scan- #hich continuousl% scans the ,DD media !or de!ects
and ma$s them #hen the dri&e is idle +this is $er!ormed a!ter the ,DD is attached to the s%stem-.
51. W$a# a-e #.! #0%e !" -e1!-,(+' #e1$+(E3e !+ #$e #a%e?
a- 3inear 6ecordin"
b- ,elical Scan 6ecordin".
52. W$a# ( +a%$!#?
A sna$shot o! data obRect contains an ima"e o! data at a $articular $oint o! time.
53. W$a# ( HSM?
,ierarchical stora"e mana"ement(An a$$lication that attem$ts to match the $riorit% o! data #ith the cost o!
stora"e.
54. W$a# ( $!#9.a%%(+'?
De&ices are allo#ed to be remo&ed and inserted into a s%stem #ithout turnin" o!! the s%stem.
55. W$a# ( H!#9S%a-(+'?
A s$are de&ice is a&ailable to be inserted into the subs%stem o$eration #ithout ha&in" to remo&e and re$lace a
de&ice.
5). W$a# a-e ,(""e-e+# #0%e !" 2a1/3% 0#em?
a- ;!!line
b- ;nline
c- ear 3ine
54. W$a# ( #$e ,(""e-e+# 2e#.ee+ m(--!-(+'I R!3#(+' a+, m3&#(%a#$(+'?
6edundanc% Functions 6elationshi$s 6ole
Mirrorin" Generates 2 ios to 2 stora"e tar"ets Creates 2 co$ies o! data
6outin" Determined b% s#itches inde$endent o! SCS/ 6ecreates n2# route a!ter a !ailure
Multi$athin" 0#o initiator to one tar"et Selects the 3@ initiator $air to use
56. W$a# ( a eE3e+1e (+ FC?
Grou$ o! one or more !rames that encom$asses one or more 5in!ormation units7 o! a u$$er la%er $rotocol.
A'am$le<
/t re.uires
i- ;ne se.uence to trans!er the command
ii- ;ne or more se.uence to trans!er the data
iii- ;nce se.uence to trans!er the status.
5;. W$a# ( EC1$a+'e (+ FC?
A'chan"e is to establish a relationshi$ bet#een 2 P1;60s and then these t#o $orts trans!er data &ia one or
more se.uence #ithin this relationshi$.
A'am$le< A'chan"e e'ist to trans!er the command, data and the status o! one SCS/ task
)<. W$0 ,! .e +ee, L!'(+ (+ FC?
1ort 3o"in< 0o e'chan"e ser&ice $arameters bet#een P1orts and P1orts
1rocess 3o"in< 0o establish the SCS/ o$eratin" en&ironment bet#een t#o P1;60S
Fabric 3o"in< Similar to $ort lo"in, F3;G/ is an e'tended link ser&ice command that sets u$ a session bet#een
t#o $artici$ants. 4ith F3;G@ a session is created bet#een an P1ort or 3P1ort and the s#itch.
)1. W$a# a-e #$e ,(""e-e+# #0%e !" 1&3#e-?
a- ,i"h a&ailabilit% clusters
b- ,i"h 1er!ormance Clusters
c- 3oad *alancin" Clusters.
)2. W$a# a-e #$-ee &e5e& !" ma+a'eme+# (+ #!-a'e?
a- Stora"e 3e&el Mana"ement
b- et#ork 3e&el Mana"ement
c- Anter$rise 3e&el Mana"ement
)3. W$a# a-e #$e /e0 a1#(5(#(e (+ SAN ma+a'eme+#?
a- Monitorin"
b- Con!i"urin"
c- Controllin"
d- 0roubleshootin"
e- Dia"nosin"
)4. W$a# ( #$e ,(""e-e+1e 2e#.ee+ HBA a+, NIC?
,*A ST ,ost bus ada$ters are used in stora"e based tra!!ic #hile /C +et#ork /nter!ace Cards are used in /1
based 3A tra!!ic.
)5. W$a# ( #$e mea3-(+' 3+(# !" ,a#a a1#(5(#0?
Gi"abits $er second +Gb2$s-
)). W$a# a-e #$e 2a(1 #!-a'e %!&(1(e?
a- Securit% and authentication
b- Ca$acit%, Content and .uota mana"ement
c- Oualit% o! Ser&ice
)4. W$a# ( 20%a 1(-13(#-0?
A circuit that automaticall% remo&es the stora"e de&ice !rom the data $ath +FC de&ice out o! FC A3 loo$- #hen
si"nalin" is lost +this si"nal is called $ort b%($ass si"nal-.
)6. H!. ma+0 1!++e1#(!+ a-e %!(2&e (+ Fa2-(1 #!%!&!'0?
2U24 +24 bit address to the $ort-, and the lar"est $ossible !abric #ill ha&e 2=I interconnected s#itches.
);. W$a# ( !+e !" #$e 1!+#-a(+ !" 3(+' #!-a'e .(#1$?
3atenc%
4<. W$a# ( @(##e-?
Ditter re!ers to an% de&iation in timin" that a bit stream su!!ers as it tra&erses the $h%sical medium and the
circuitr% on(board the end de&ices. A certain amount o! de&iation !rom the ori"inal si"nalin" #ill occur naturall%
as serial bit stream $ro$a"ates o&er !ibre(o$tic or co$$er cablin".
Mainl% caused b% electro(ma"netic inter!erence
41. W$a# ( BER7B(# e--!- -a#e?
1robabilit% that a transmitted bit #ill be erroneousl% recei&ed is the measure o! number o! bits +erroneous- at
the out$ut o! the recei&er and di&idin" b% the total number o! bits in transmission.
42. W$a# ( WWPN?
441 is the 1>bit character that is assi"ned to the $ort, SA &olume controller uses it to uni.uel% identi!% the
!ibre channel ,*A that is installed in the host s%stem.
43. W$a# ( 1!++e1#(!+ a&&e'(a+1e?
Gi&en multi$le connections are established, indi&idual command2res$onse $air must !lo# o&er the same
connection. 0his connection alle"iance ensures that s$eci!ic read or #rites commands are !ul!illed #ithout an%
additional o&erhead o! monitorin" multi$le connections and to see #hether a $articular re.uest is com$leted.
44. W$a# ( 23-# Le+'#$?
0he burst len"th is the number o! b%tes that the SCS/ initiator sends to the SCS/ tar"et in the FC1PDA0A
se.uence.
75. How to change clariion SPs IP Address
IMPORTANT: Before you change the IP address of an SP, if the storage system is on a domain, you must remove
that storage system from the domain. hen you enter a ne! IP address and acce"t the ac#no!$edgments to
change the address, you !i$$ %e disconnected and the SP !i$$ re%oot. &ou !i$$ then need to $og onto the SP using
the ne! address and add the storage system to a domain. If the storage system !as the domain Master, !hen you
re'connect, you !i$$ need to either recreate the domain and %ecome master or e$se (oin another domain.
)ont forget to create the PPP )ia$u" *onnection %efore attem"ting to $ogin to the SP, other!ise it !i$$ fai$
+. O"en Navis"here Manager.
,. If the storage system is in a domain, remove it from the domain.
-. .nder the Storage ta%, c$ic# and e/"and the icon for the storage system that you !ant to modify.
0. Right'c$ic# the SP !hose IP address you !ant to change and se$ect Pro"erties.
1. *$ic# the Net!or# ta%.
2. 3nter the ne! IP address in the IP Address fie$d.
4. *$ic# A""$y to a""$y the change.
76. What is HA vault, why it is used?
hen you ena%$ed 5A vau$t, In *ontro$ )is# + dis# fai$s !rite cache !i$$ not disa%$e, If , dis#s fai$ it !i$$
shuts do!n the array.
77. How to connect host to clarion when host agent is not installed ?
Manua$$y Register host N num%ers in c$ariion %o/, hen connecting the host to c$ariion.
7. what is !""

6in# contro$ cards !hich is used to connect )is# in c$ariion enc$osure.

7#. "lariion Hardware architecture and various $odels and its di%%erences ?
&. How do you assign the !'( to host ?
a. *reate Raid 7rou"
%. *reate a 6un 8 Bind a 6.N9
c. *reate Storage 7rou"
d. Assign the 6un to storage grou"
e. *onnect 5ost to storage grou"
). What is PS* !'(. What it contains and si+e ?
Persistent storage manager 6.N. It is hidden $un of si:e +7B. Both SP;s has sing$e 6.N so that
3nvironment is in sync.
It has host information, Array and other information
5ost info Array Info Other Info
)rive Ma""ing
Privi$eged users
Initiator I) info
SP IP Address
Pre'u"grades
Sna", *ore OS
*ore OS,
<$are Revision
,. -ou have created *eta !'(, .ut new si+e is not re%lected what will you do
hen you are running meta $un !i:ard, you need to se$ect tota$ s"ace instead of current s"ace in Navis"here
Manager.
If you choose *urrent ca"acity ne! storage !i$$ not ref$ect on $un at host side.
,. descri/e various ty0es o% $eta lun
Meta $un can %e created in t!o !ays.
+. Stri"ing: It !i$$ restri"e across %ase $un and ne! $un you added it !i$$ ta#e some time to finish. hi$e in "rogress
you may find some "erformance issues. In this method %ase $un and ne! $un %oth shou$d %e same si:e and same
raid grou".
,. *oncatenation: it !i$$ a""end the ne! $un to %ase $un. In this method, there is no raid grou", Si:e restriction.
1. have changed host na$e .ut new host na$e not re%lected in clarion. What the ste0s you are going to
do?
2or *icroso%t Windows :
+. .sing a te/t editor that does not add s"ecia$ formatting, create a fi$e named agentI).t/t in the directory
*:=Program<i$es=3M*=Navis"here Agent.
,. Add the hostname and IP address $ines as descri%ed a%ove. This fi$e shou$d contain on$y these t!o $ines, !ithout
formatting.
-. Save the agentI).t/t fi$e.
0. If a 5ostId<i$e.t/t fi$e is "resent in the *:=Program<i$es=3M*=Navis"here Agent directory, de$ete or rename it.
1. Restart the Navis"here Agent
2. Once the Navis"here Agent has restarted, verify that Navis"here Agent is using the correct IP address that is
entered in the agentI).t/t fi$e. 3ither:
> In Navis"here Manager, verify that the host IP address is the same as the IP address that you you entered in the
agentI).t/t fi$e. If the address is the same, the agentI).t/t fi$e is configured correct$y.
> *hec# the ne! 5ostId<i$e.t/t fi$e. &ou shou$d see the IP address that is entered in the agentI).t/t fi$e.
2or I.* AI3, HP4'3, !inu5, and Solaris :
+. .sing a te/t editor that does not add s"ecia$ formatting, create or edit a fi$e named agentI).t/t in either = 8root9 or
in a directory of your choice.
,. Add the hostname and IP address $ines as descri%ed a%ove. This fi$e shou$d contain on$y these t!o $ines, !ithout
formatting.
-. Save the agentI).t/t fi$e.
0. If you created the agentI).t/t fi$e in a directory other than root, for Navis"here Agent to restart after a system
re%oot using the correct "ath to the agentI).t/t fi$e, set the environment varia%$e 3?@A73NTI)@)IR3*TOR& to
"oint to the directory !here you created agentI).t/t.
1. If a 5ostId<i$e.t/t fi$e is "resent in the directory sho!n for your o"erating system, de$ete or rename it. The
5ostId<i$e.t/t fi$e is $ocated in the fo$$o!ing directory for your o"erating system:
AI3 64 7etc7log7HostId2ile.t5t
HP4'3 64 7etc7log7HostId2ile.t5t
!inu5 64 7var7log7HostId2ile.t5t
Solaris 64 7etc7log7HostId2ile.t5t
2. Sto" and then restart the Navis"here Agent.
NOT3: Navis"here may ta#e some time to u"date, ho!ever, it shou$d u"date !ithin +A minutes.
4. Once the Navis"here Agent has restarted, verify that Navis"here Agent is using the IP address that is entered in
the agentI).t/t fi$e. To do this, chec# the ne! 5ostId<i$e.t/t fi$e. &ou shou$d see the IP address that is entered in the
agentI).t/t fi$e.The 5ostId<i$e.t/t fi$e is in the fo$$o!ing directory for your o"erating system:
AIB :=etc=$og=5ostId<i$e.t/t
5P'.B :=etc=$og=5ostId<i$e.t/t
6inu/ :'=var=$og=5ostId<i$e.t/t
So$aris :'=etc=$og=5ostId<i$e.t/t
8. What is the di%%erence /etween A9A enclosure and 2" enclosure
5. :arious ;nclosure ty0es in clarion and its di%%erences
Today there are three different ty"e )A3s. The standard )A3 is a )A3, and su""orts ,7% <i%re *hanne$
)rives. Recent$y announced is the )A3," !hich a$so su""orts 8+19 ,7B drives %ut the drives are interconnected
using *ut Thru S!itch techno$ogy to minimi:e the $atency associated !ith ar%itrated $oo". A$so avai$a%$e are ATA
%ased )A3s that su""ort $o!er cost, high ca"acity ATA drives.
6. What ha00ens when an e5ternal 0ower outage %or clarion array
If A* "o!er is $ost, the SPS sends a signa$ to the Storage Processor, te$$ing it to initiate a vau$t o"eration that de'
stages the contents of !rite cache to designed $ocations on the first five dis# modu$es. .nti$ the %atteries are fu$$y
charged, !rite caching is disa%$ed.
7. :ault <is=s and its delegation

)is#s A'- reCuired to %oot the SP;s
)is#A'0 ReCuired to ena%$e !rite caching 8 If 5A vau$t is not configured on$y need 0 out of five drives to ena%$e !rite
cacheing9
Note: )A3'OS enc$osure must %e connected to %us :ero and assigned the enc$osure addressA
. "lariion 0ower u0 and 0ower down se>uence
Po!er On SeCuence
Power o%% se>uence
D Po!er on and %oot a$$ <i%re
*hanne$ s!itches
D A""$y A* Po!er to a$$ )A3
D Shutdo!n host a""$ications
and "o!er off hosts
D Turn off the A* "o!er to the
Po!er Su""$ies
D Turn on A* Po!er to SP3
Po!er Su""$y
E Po!er is not actua$$y a""$ied
D Turn on A* "o!er to SPS
E A* Po!er !i$$ %e a""$ied to
SP3
E Battery %ac#u" !i$$ start
charging
D Po!er on attached hosts
E <irst !ait unti$ Array has
com"$eted %ooting
SPS
E SPS !i$$ continue to "rovide A*
"o!er to Storage Processors
unti$ *ache is ?au$ted to dis#
E SPS !i$$ then remove "o!er
from SP3
D Turn off A* "o!er to a$$
)A3s
D Recommend that the <i%re
*hanne$ S!itch stay "o!ered on
#. What need to /e done when host H.A re0laced ?
#&. 2lare code na$ing conversion
AA.BB.))).3.<<<
3/am"$e : A,.+F.2AA.1.A+A
AA'A,' ,'7B "roduct fami$y
BB' +FGRe$ease code
)))' 2AAG5ard!are Identifier D*B'2AA
3' Soft!are )istru%ution ty"e D A1' 7enera$ re$ease
<<<' Bui$t D Bui$t $eve$
#). How do you install (<' 0ac=age in clarion array
#,. How 2lare code release4)# u0grade is di%%erent %ro$ rest o% the release codes
#1. How do u restart clarion host agent
#8. <i%%erent level o% users in clarion

#5. What is the di%%erence /etween navis0here classic "!I and Secure "!I
#6. Why do we de%rag$ent raid grou0s
RAI) 7rou" defragmented means that a$$ 6.Ns on the RAI) grou" !i$$ %e made contiguous, there%y
removing any unused s"ace %et!een 6.Ns. It is im"ortant to note that defragmentation does not defragment fi$es
on the 6.Ns D the storage system is not a!are of the fi$esystem structure used on any host 6.Ns.
#7. What are the raid grou0s clarion su00orts. *ini$u$ nu$/er o% dis=s %or each raid grou0s
Ma/imum num%er of RAI) 7rou"s "er array H ,0A
Ma/imum 6.Ns "er RAI) 7rou" H +,I
Num%er of dis#s "er RAI) 7rou" :
E RAI) 1 H -'+2 dis#s
E RAI) - H 1 or F dis#s
E RAI) + H , dis#s
E RAI) +A H ,, 0, 2, I, +A, +,, +0, or +2 dis#s
#. What is lun align$ent o%%set and ele$ent si+e
Align$ent o%%set sets the host 6ogica$ B$oc# Address 86BA9 a$ignment to a stri"e %oundary on the 6.N resu$ting in
a storage system "erformance im"rovement.
;le$ent si+e6 Num%er of %$oc#s !ritten sing$e dis# in raid grou" %efore moving ot the ne/t dis#.
##. Is there 0ossi/ility to un/ind $eta lun ?
&ou cant un%ind the meta $un on$y you can destroy the meta $un.
)&&. What is access logic how do u disa/le the$.
Access $ogic is $icensed soft!are %y using this you can do 6.N Mas#ing.
D *ontro$s !hich host have access to !hich 6.Ns
D A$$o!s mu$ti"$e hosts to effective$y share a *6ARiiON array !ithout the ris# of data corru"tion
D 5osts sharing "orts can run the same or different o"erating systems
D The *6ARiiON administrator contro$s !hich hosts access !hich 6.Ns %y assigning the host and 6.Ns to a
Storage 7rou"
)&). "lariion !i$itations with res0ect to nu$/er o% !uns, ?aid grou0s, storage grou0 and nu$/er hosts
0er connected to storage grou0, nu$er o% initiators %or storage syste$.
)&,. A%ter creating *eta !un how do you e50and the lun si+e at host side in windows
indo!s : Run )is#"ar command
)&1. What is ;*" 0ower 0ath why it is used in clarion s0ace.
)&8. ;50lain a/out ;*" load /alancing algorith$s
D *$arO"t: I=O reCuests are %a$anced across mu$ti"$e "aths %ased on com"osition of reads, !rites, "$us user
assigna%$e "riority
D 6eastIOs: I=O reCuests are assigned to the "ath !ith the fe!est num%er of reCuests in the Cueue
D 6eastB$oc#s: I=O reCuests are assigned to the "ath !ith the fe!est tota$ %$oc#s in the Cueue
D RoundRo%in: I=O reCuests are distri%uted to each avai$a%$e "ath in rotation
D ReCuest: No 6oad %a$ancing %ut !i$$ "erform "ath fai$over as reCuired
D Basic <ai$over: Provides SP fai$over for sing$e 5BA systems
E )efau$t for *6ARiiON !hen there is no $icense #ey
)&5. "lariion re>uire$ents %or ;*" 0ower 0ath with res0ect to Array "o$$0ath and %ailover $odes.
)&6. Power 0aths "o$$ands
)&7. <i%%erence /etween *eta !un and lun $igration, ;50lain its li$itations
)&. How do assign the !'( to Solaris server
)&# . what is clarion event $onitor $odels and its di%%erences
))&. what are the clarion cache %lushing techni>ues
))). What is Snii%%er
)),. How do you collect SP@collects?
:J navic$i Dh SPA s"co$$ect Dmessner
:J navi$ci Dh SPB s"co$$ect Dmessner
:J navic$i Dh SPA managefi$es D$ist
:J nav$ci Dh SPB managefi$es D$ist
:J navi$ci Dh SPA mangefi$es Dretrive
:J navic$i Dh SPB managefi$es Dretrive
))1. "lariion <is= di%%erent states
))8. How do you login to clarion engineering $ode
))5. What is 0rivate lun 0ool container in clarion
))6. How do you assign the !'( to host without installing hostagent
))7. How do you collect ;*"Ara/s? Why it is used
)). -ou assigned the lun to solaris server and you %ailed to discover it. What are the trou/leshooting ste0s
you do.
))#. What is H!'? What are li$itations when assigning the H!' to !'(.
),&. What is $a5i$u$ cache you can con%igure %or ;*" clariion.
),). How do you change the navis0here *anager Password ?
&ou can change the storage system "ass!ord in (avis0here *anager as fo$$o!s:
+. B0en (avis0here *anager
,. "lic= 9ools C Security C "hange Password.
-. In the *hange Pass!ord !indo!, enter the o$d 8current9 "ass!ord in the O$d Pass!ord te/t %o/.
0. 3nter the ne! "ass!ord in the Ne! Pass!ord te/t %o/ and then enter it again in the *onfirm Ne! Pass!ord
te/t %o/.
1. *$ic# OK to a""$y the ne! "ass!ord or *ance$ to #ee" the current "ass!ord.
2. In the confirmation "o"u", c$ic# either &es to change the "ass!ord or No to cance$ the change and retain
your current 8o$d9 "ass!ord.
Note: If you c$ic# &es, you !i$$ %rief$y see LThe o"eration successfu$$y com"$etedL and then you !i$$ %e
disconnected. &ou !i$$ need to $og %ac# in using the ne! "ass!ord.
122. I" 0!3 ,e&e#e 7e#1 a+, &!#="!3+, "!&,e- "-!m eC%!-#e, "(&e 0#em .$a# .(&&
$a%%e+e,?
123. -ee-5e, &3+ %!!&
124. W-(#e (+#e+,e, &!'
125. MJM a+, AJM
12) Ue-I'-!3% a+, #-ee E3!#a
124. C&a-((!+ m!,e& ,(""e-e+1e (+#e-m !" !%e-a#(+' 0#em.
126. +a%$!# 1$e,3&e a+, $!. ma+0 +!% $!# 0!3 1a+ /ee% !+ !+e "(&e 0#em. F!-
eCam%&e $-1<I11I12I13I14I15I1)I a+, 14 0!3 $a5e +a%$!# (" 0%3 ,e&e#e
12;.
Intervie! Muestions
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