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    Experiment - 10: Prepare Circuit of Automatic Emergency Light Using IC-LM317

    Uploaded by

    ArjunAghara
    The document describes an experiment to build an automatic emergency light circuit using an LM317 IC that turns on when main power fails. The circuit has two sections - a charger power supply using an LM317 regulator to charge the battery, and an LED driver using a transistor to power 12 white LEDs from the battery during outages. When main power is available, the battery charges and the LEDs remain off, but during an outage the charger stops while the LEDs turn on powered by the battery. The experiment involves building this circuit on a breadboard, testing it, then assembling it on a PCB and adding it to an enclosure with the battery and switches.

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    Experiment - 10: Prepare Circuit of Automatic Emergency Light Using IC-LM317

    Uploaded by

    ArjunAghara
    106 views3 pages
    The document describes an experiment to build an automatic emergency light circuit using an LM317 IC that turns on when main power fails. The circuit has two sections - a charger power supply using an LM317 regulator to charge the battery, and an LED driver using a transistor to power 12 white LEDs from the battery during outages. When main power is available, the battery charges and the LEDs remain off, but during an outage the charger stops while the LEDs turn on powered by the battery. The experiment involves building this circuit on a breadboard, testing it, then assembling it on a PCB and adding it to an enclosure with the battery and switches.

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    The document describes an experiment to build an automatic emergency light circuit using an LM317 IC that turns on when main power fails. The circuit has two sections - a charger power supply using an LM317 regulator to charge the battery, and an LED driver using a transistor to power 12 white LEDs from the battery during outages. When main power is available, the battery charges and the LEDs remain off, but during an outage the charger stops while the LEDs turn on powered by the battery. The experiment involves building this circuit on a breadboard, testing it, then assembling it on a PCB and adding it to an enclosure with the battery and switches.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    106 views3 pages

    Experiment - 10: Prepare Circuit of Automatic Emergency Light Using IC-LM317

    Uploaded by

    ArjunAghara
    The document describes an experiment to build an automatic emergency light circuit using an LM317 IC that turns on when main power fails. The circuit has two sections - a charger power supply using an LM317 regulator to charge the battery, and an LED driver using a transistor to power 12 white LEDs from the battery during outages. When main power is available, the battery charges and the LEDs remain off, but during an outage the charger stops while the LEDs turn on powered by the battery. The experiment involves building this circuit on a breadboard, testing it, then assembling it on a PCB and adding it to an enclosure with the battery and switches.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 3

    EXPERIMENT 10

    AIM
    Prepare circuit of Automatic Emergency Light using IC- LM317 on bread board. Make circuit
    on PCB.
    APPARATUS REQUIRED
    Battery, Transformer, Resistors, Capacitors, LED, IC- LM317, Transistor, Diodes
    THEORY
    Here is a white-LED-based emergency light that offers the following advantages:
    1. It is highly bright due to the use of white LEDs.
    2. The light turns on automatically when mains supply fails, and turns off when
    mains power resumes.
    3. It has its own battery charger. When the battery is fully charged, charging stops
    automatically.
    The circuit comprises two sections: charger power supply and LED driver.

    The charger power supply section is built around 3-terminal adjustable regulator IC
    LM317 (IC1), while the LED driver section is built around transistor BD140 (T2).
    In the charger power supply section, input AC mains is stepped down by
    transformer X1 to deliver 9V, 500 mA to the bridge rectifier, which comprises
    diodes D1 through D4. Filter capacitor C1 eliminates ripples. Unregulated DC
    voltage is fed to input pin 3 of IC1 and provides charging current through diode D5
    and limiting resistor R16. By adjusting preset VR1, the output voltage can be
    adjusted to deliver the required charging current.

    When the battery gets charged to 6.8V, zener diode ZD1 conducts and charging
    current from regulator IC1 finds a path through transistor T1 to ground and it stops
    charging of the battery.

    The LED driver section uses a total of twelve 10mm white LEDs. All the LEDs are
    connected in parallel with a 100-ohm resistor in series with each. The common-
    anode junction of all the twelve LEDs is connected to the collector of pnp transistor
    T2 and the emitter of transistor T2 is directly connected to the positive terminal of
    6V battery. The unregulated DC voltage, produced at the cathode junction of diodes
    D1 and D3, is fed to the base of transistor T2 through a 1- kilo-ohm resistor.






    When mains power is available, the base of transistor T2 remains high and
    T2 does not conduct. Thus LEDs are off. On the other hand, when main fails, the
    base of transistor T2 becomes low and it conducts. This makes all the LEDs (LED1
    through LED12) glow.

    The mains power supply, when available, charges the battery and keeps the LEDs
    off as transistor T2 remains cut-off.
    During mains failure, the charging section stops working and the battery supply
    makes the LEDs glow. Assemble the circuit on a general-purpose PCB and enclose
    in a cabinet with enough space for battery and switches. Mount the LEDs on the
    cabinet such that they light up the room. A hole in the cabinet should be drilled to
    connect 230V AC input for the primary of the transformer.
    PROCEDURE:
    1.Collect all the components and fix them(excluding-transformer and re-chargeable
    battery) in the bread board according to the circuit diagram.
    2.Now check the circuit using battery (6-9v non- rechargable) by connecting its
    +ve and ve terminals across D2 and D3 respectively.
    3. Adjust/rotate the variable resistance simultaneously.If the bulb glows we can say
    that all the connections are proper.
    4. Now solder the whole circuit in PCB and join transformer and rechargable
    battery to the circuit in the respective poistion.
    5. When we connect the circuit to 230v power supply the LED (near the BC 548)
    glows inculding that the battery is geeting charged..
    6. After the battery is fully charged remove it from the socket and switch ON the
    circuit. The LEDs starts glowing,

    CONCLUSION:

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