0% found this document useful (0 votes)
313 views5 pages

Pso 02 Ee

This document contains solutions to problems related to heat transfer. It includes: 1) Calculating heat transfer rates, energy storage changes, and temperature changes over time in a 1m thick wall with a given temperature distribution. 2) Determining heat fluxes and temperature gradients in several cases of one-dimensional steady-state heat conduction. 3) Sketching temperature distributions under conditions of conduction in various geometries including a pipe with insulation and spherical shells.

Uploaded by

Evets Eel
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
0% found this document useful (0 votes)
313 views5 pages

Pso 02 Ee

This document contains solutions to problems related to heat transfer. It includes: 1) Calculating heat transfer rates, energy storage changes, and temperature changes over time in a 1m thick wall with a given temperature distribution. 2) Determining heat fluxes and temperature gradients in several cases of one-dimensional steady-state heat conduction. 3) Sketching temperature distributions under conditions of conduction in various geometries including a pipe with insulation and spherical shells.

Uploaded by

Evets Eel
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 5

Some Solutions to Problems (bungen) to Lecture-2 of Lecture Series Heat Transfer 1

Institut fr Energieverfahrenstechnik und Brennstofftechnik, TU Clausthal, SS 2005



2.1 The temperature distribution across a wall 1m thick at a certain instant of time is
given as T(x)=a+bx+cx
2
where T is in degrees Celsius and x is in meters, while
a=900C, b=-300C/m, and c=-50C/m
2
. A uniform heat generation, q =1000 W/m
3
,
is present in the wall of area 10m
2
having the properties =1600 kg/m
3
, k=40W/mK,
and c
p
= 4 kJ/kgK. Determine the rate of heat transfer entering the wall (x=0) and
leaving the wall (x=1m). Determine the rate of change of energy storage in the wall.
Determine the time rate of temperature change at x=0, 0.25 and 0.5m.

2
2
(0) 12
(1) 16
kW
m
kW
m
q
q

=
=


The overall balance: E = -30 kW

The rate of temperature change is:

-4
4 68 10
dT K
.
dt s
=


2.2 One-dimensional, steady-state conduction without heat generation occurs in the
system shown. The thermal conductivity is 25 W/mK and the thickness L is 0.5m.
Determine the unknown quantities for each case in the accompanying table and
sketch the temperature distribution, indicating the direction of the heat flux.



Case T
1
T
2
dT/dx (K/m) q (W/m2) direction
1 400 K 300 K 200 -5000 Right
2 100C 225 C -250 6250 Left
3 80C -20 C 200 -5000 Right
4 -85 C -5C -160 4000 Left
5 30C -30 C 120 -3000 right

Some Solutions to Problems (bungen) to Lecture-2 of Lecture Series Heat Transfer 1
Institut fr Energieverfahrenstechnik und Brennstofftechnik, TU Clausthal, SS 2005

2.3 Consider steady-state conditions for one-dimensional conduction in a plane wall
having a thermal conductivity k=50 W/mK and thickness L=0.25 m, with no internal
heat generation. Determine the heat flux and the unknown quantity for each case and
sketch the temperature distribution, indicating the direction of heat flux.



Case T
1
(C) T
2
(C) dT/dx (K/m) Q (W/m2) direction
1 50 -20 -280 14000 Right
2 -30 -10 80 -4000 Left
3 70 120 160 -8000 Left
4 60 40 -80 3200 Right
5 -20 30 200 -10000 Left




2.4 Assume steady-state, one-dimensional heat conduction through the axi-symmetric
shape shown below. Assuming constant properties and no internal heat generation,
sketch the heat flux distribution, the temperature distribution and the temperature
gradient distribution on T-x coordinates. Explain the shape of the curves shown.




The heat flux is:
2
( )
C
q
a bx
=
+


Some Solutions to Problems (bungen) to Lecture-2 of Lecture Series Heat Transfer 1
Institut fr Energieverfahrenstechnik und Brennstofftechnik, TU Clausthal, SS 2005

The temperature distribution is:

( )
1
1 1
T T C
a bx a
(
=
(
+




2.5 A hot water pipe with outside radius r
1
has a temperature T
1
. A thick insulation
applied to reduce the heat loss has an outer radius r
2
and temperature T
2
. On T-r
coordinates, sketch the temperature distribution in the insulation for one-
dimensional, steady-state heat transfer with constant properties. Give an explanation,
justifying the shape of the curve shown.


Temperature distribution:

1
2
2 1
1
1
r
r
ln
T T
k C
r
r
ln
k
C
T ) r ( T

=
=

2.6 A spherical shell with inner radius r
1
and outer radius r
2
has surface temperatures T
1
and T
2
, respectively, where T
1
>T
2
. Sketch the temperature distribution on T-r
coordinates assuming steady-state, one-dimensional conduction with constant
property. Justify the shape of the curve.


The solution:

|
|
.
|

\
|

=
|
|
.
|

\
|
=
1 2
1 2
1
1
r
1
r
1
T T
k C
r
1
r
1
k
C
T ) r ( T








Some Solutions to Problems (bungen) to Lecture-2 of Lecture Series Heat Transfer 1
Institut fr Energieverfahrenstechnik und Brennstofftechnik, TU Clausthal, SS 2005

2.7 Consider a plane wall 100 mm thick and of thermal conductivity 100 W/mK. Steady-
state conditions are known to exist with T
1
=400 K and T
2
=600 K. Determine the heat
flux and the temperature gradient dT/dx for the coordinate system shown.



Case a) and c) are equal. The equations are the following:

2
1 2
kW/m 600
dx
dT
k q
K/m 6000
L
T T
dx
dT
= =
=



Case b) has opposite sign for the gradient and the heat flux.


2.8 Steady-state, one-dimensional conduction occurs in a rod of constant thermal
conductivity k and a variable cross-section area A
x
(x)=A
o
exp(ax), where A
o
and a are
constant. The side surface of the rod is well insulated. The length of the rod is L.
(a) Write an expression for the conduction heat rate ) (x q (in W/m
2
). Use this
expression to determine the temperature distribution T(x) and qualitatively sketch
the distribution for T(0)>T(L).
(b) Now consider conditions for which thermal energy is generated in the rod at a
volumetric rate ) exp(
0
ax q q = , where
0
q is a constant. Obtain an expression for
the heat flux ) (x q
x
when the left face (x=0) is well insulated.

0
ax
C
q e
A

=

The temperature profile:

) 1 e (
kaA
C
T ) x ( T
ax
0
0
=


Some Solutions to Problems (bungen) to Lecture-2 of Lecture Series Heat Transfer 1
Institut fr Energieverfahrenstechnik und Brennstofftechnik, TU Clausthal, SS 2005


The asymptotic temperature is
0
kaA
C
) 0 ( T ) ( T =

Net generation is present.
The heat flux:
ax
0
0 0
e A
x q A C
) x ( q
+
=

Temperature profile:
|
|
.
|

\
|
+ =


a
1
a
e
xe
ka
q
) 1 e (
kaA
C
T ) x ( T
ax
ax 0 ax
0
0


The asymptotic temperature is:
2
0
0
ka
q
kaA
C
T ) ( T

+ =

You might also like