SPSS Modeler Tutorial 1

The Drug Project

Data Warehousing and Data Mining
March 2014
SPSS Modeler (formerly Clementine) is the SPSS enterprise-strength data mining workbench. It helps organizations to improve
customer and citizen relationships through an in-depth understanding of data. Organizations use the insight gained from SPSS
Modeler to retain profitable customers, identify cross-selling opportunities, attract new customers, detect fraud, reduce risk, and
improve government service delivery. The current version is SPSS Modeler 15.

1 The Drug Project Exercise
Briefing: Imagine that you are a medical researcher compiling data for a study. You have collected data about a set of patients, all of
whom suffered from the same illness. During their course of treatment, each patient responded to one of five medications. Part of your
job is to use data mining to find out which drug might be appropriate for a future patient with the same illness.

1.1 Launch the SPSS Modeler:
Open the SPSS Modeler by going to the Start menu All Programs IBM SPSS Modeler 15.0 IBM SPSS Modeler 15.0. Select
Open an existing project and double-click on More files. In the Open dialog window, goto the path of
N:\DWDM\SPSSModeler\Demos and double-click on the drug.cpj file to open it. The SPSS Modeler should open and displays as
Figure 1.




Figure 1: The Drug Project
Control Panel
Main Panel
Module Panel
Current Working
Space
Project Space
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1.2 Displaying the Properties of the Data
To open a data source, the SPSS Modeler provides many options listed in the Sources tab from the Module Panel.
Here, we will use the Var. File node.
1. Select the Sources tab from the Module Panel
2. Double click on the Var.File node and it will appear in the Main Panel. You can also add a node by single
left-click on the node in the Module Panel, then single left-click at the place where you want to place that node
in the Main Panel.
3. Double click the Var.File node in the Main Panel to open its property window (Figure 2), and Click the
button next to the File field. In the Open dialog window, select to open the DRUG1n file that contains
records of drug information. The Var.File node now should have properties as in Figure 2. The DRUG1n file
contains records for 7 attributes, termed Age, Sex, BP, Cholesterol, Na, K, and Drug.
4. Click OK to close the Var.File property window.


Figure 2: Var.File Property
To display the properties of the data, we use a Distribution node.
1. Select the Distribution node listed in the Graphs tab from the Module Panel, and add it to the Main Panel.
2. Establish a link between the DRUG1n node and the Distribution node by right-clicking on the DRUG1n
node and select the Connect option, then left-clicking on the Distribution node (Figure 3).

Figure 3: Link between two nodes
3. Double-click the Distribution node to open its property window.
4. Select Drug for the Field option (Figure 4) to display the distribution of drugs. Click Run
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Figure 4: Distribution Node Property
5. You should see a distribution window for the Drug attribute in the DRUG1n file (Figure 5). This window
illustrates the count of different drugs and their percentages.


Figure 5: Distribution of Drugs
6. Click OK to close the window.
1.3 Finding a Relationship in Numeric Data
To investigate a relationship between sodium (Na) and potassium (K) levels, the most natural way would be to produce a
point plot. To do this, we create a Plot node and connect it to the Var.File node.

1. Select the Plot node listed in the Graphs tab from the Module Panel, and add it to the Main Panel.
2. Establish a link between the DRUG1n node and the Distribution node by right-clicking on the DRUG1n
node and select the Connect option, then left-clicking on the Plot node (Figure 6).
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Figure 6: Link between DRUG1n and Plot
3. Double-click the Plot node to open its property window.
4. Select K (Potasium) for the X Field option and select Na (Sodium) for the Y Field option (Figure 7).


Figure 7: Plot Node Property
5. Click Run. The plot window of the K attribute and Na attribute will be displayed (Figure 8). This appears to be a
random scattering, with no obviously apparent relationship between the Na and K attributes. However, this graph
takes no account of which drug was used in each case. Therefore, we need to modify the property of the Plot
node in order to display the correlations between Na and K with respect to different drugs.

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Figure 8: Plot of K v. Na
6. Double-click the Plot node to open its property window.
7. Select Drug for the Color option in the Overlay group (Figure 9).


Figure 9: Plot Node Property
8. Click Run. The plot window of the K attribute and Na attribute with respect to different drugs will be displayed
(Figure 10). We can observe that a clear pattern emerges in the overlaid plot. The threshold is neither the Na nor
K field, but in a ratio between them.
9. Click OK to close the window.

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Figure 10: Plot of K v. Na

1.4 Finding the Threshold
We can find the threshold by calculating the ratio and examining its distribution. To do so, we need to create a Derive
node and connect it to the Var.file node.

1. Select the Derive node listed in the Field Ops tab from the Module Panel, and add it to the Main Panel.
2. Establish a link between the DRUG1n node and the Derive node by right-clicking on the DRUG1n node
and select the Connect option, then left-clicking on the Derive node (Figure 11).


Figure 11: Link between Var.File and Derive Nodes
3. Double-click the Derive node to open its property window.
4. Type string Na_to_K in the Derive field, and formula Na/K in the Formula area (Figure 12). This will
create a new field named Na_to_K containing numbers calculated as Na/K.
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5. Click OK to close this property window. The Derive node will be renamed to Na_to_K.

Figure 12: Derive Node Property

Next, we need to create a Histogram node to display the output from the Derive node.
1. Select the Histogram node listed in the Graphs tab from the Module Panel, and add it to the Main Panel.
2. Establish a link between the Na_to_K node and the Histogram node by right-clicking on the Na_to_K node
and select the Connect option, then left-clicking on the Histogram node (Figure 13).


Figure 13: Link between Na_to_K and Histogram Nodes
3. Double-click the Histogram node to open its property window.
4. Select Na_to_K for the Field option, and Drug for the Color option in the Overlay group (Figure 14).
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Figure 14: Histogram Node Property
5. Click Run. The histogram window will be display as in Figure 15.

Figure 15: Histogram of Na_to_K
The histogram shows that the distribution of the ratio of Na and K. In addition, the threshold is clear as the column in the
bars change from multi-coloured to the pure yellow colour at the critical value.
We can now add a band selection line to this histogram to separate the records before and after the threshold.
1. Tick the Interactions option from the View menu (Figure 16).
2. Left-click the Activates band selection option (Figure 17).
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3. Place the RED colour line as close as possible to the point at which the bars of the histogram change colour (the
threshold point). (Figure 18).
4. Right-click at the right side of the threshold line, and select Generate Derive Node for Band option (Figure 19).
5. A new Derive node will then be added to the Main Panel. Open its property window, and observe the
selection condition. Rename this node as band.
6. Connect this band node to Na_to_K derive node and also add a new histogram node to connect to it (Figure
20).
7. Double-click the Histogram node to open its property window.
8. Select Na_to_K for the Field option, and Band for the Color option in the Overlay group
9. Run the new histogram node and observe the result (Figure 21).

Figure 16: Histogram Interactions

Figure 17: Activates band selections

Figure 18: Threshold Line

Figure 19: Generate Derive Node
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Figure 20: The new band node

Figure 21: The new band

End of Tutorial 1

















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