MM6 Structural Design Concepts

Chapter 5 - Constructions
09/2009
5.1
Dr.-Ing. Karsten Moritz,
Dr.-Ing. Lars Schiemann
5.1 Classification of ETFE-Foil constructions due to the
kind of pre-stress
mechanical pre-stressed ETFE-foils
(single- layer construction)
E.ON Info-Centre, Kochel/Walchensee, 2001,
390 m, Photograph: K. Moritz
pneumatical pre-stressed ETFE-foils
(multi- layer construction)
Atrium Petrol Station Germering, 2003,
64 m (8 x 8 m Pneu), Photograph: L. Schiemann
MM6 Structural Design Concepts
Chapter 5 - Constructions
09/2009
5.2
Dr.-Ing. Karsten Moritz,
Dr.-Ing. Lars Schiemann
5.2 Examples - pneumatical pre-stressed systems
MM6 Structural Design Concepts
Chapter 5 - Constructions
09/2009
5.3
Dr.-Ing. Karsten Moritz,
Dr.-Ing. Lars Schiemann
5.3 Examples - mechanical pre-stressed systems
MM6 Structural Design Concepts
Chapter 5 - Constructions
09/2009
5.4
Dr.-Ing. Karsten Moritz,
Dr.-Ing. Lars Schiemann
5.4 Matrix:
Different Shapes
of ETFE-Foil-
Constructions
mechanical pre-stressed pneumatical pre-stressed
circle,
ellipsoid
polygone
square
rectangle
rhomb
triangle
planar spacial spacial planar
construction
method
boundary
Source: K. Moritz, PhD, 2007
MM6 Structural Design Concepts
Chapter 5 - Constructions
09/2009
5.5
Dr.-Ing. Karsten Moritz,
Dr.-Ing. Lars Schiemann
Systems without pre-stress
3 %
Single-Layer-Systems
mechanical pre-stressed
10 %
Multi-Layer-Systems
pneumatical pre-stressed
87 %
pre-stress-Method
Polygone
Rhomb
Circle, Ellipsoid
Square
Triangle, Trapezoid
Rectangle
Boundary Geometry
5.5 Geometries, pre-stress-Methods of ETFE-Foil-Constructions
Source: K. Moritz, PhD, 2007
MM6 Structural Design Concepts
Chapter 5 - Constructions
09/2009
5.6
Dr.-Ing. Karsten Moritz,
Dr.-Ing. Lars Schiemann
5.6 Utilisations and Applications of ETFE-Foil-Constructions
Halls, Pavillions
33 %
Atria, Skylights
35 %
Canopies, Walkways
14 %
Faades, Windows
8 %
Indoor Applications
5 %
Other Applications
3 %
Stadia, Grandstands
2 %
Infrastructure (Terminals, Trainstations)
Petrol Stations
Sportfacilities
Others (Collectors, Sculptures a.s.o.)
Scools, Universitys
Labors, Storages, Greenhouses
Zoological Gardens
Museums, Pavillions
Swimmingpools
Offices, Residential Accommodations
Utilisation
Application
Source: K. Moritz, PhD, 2007
MM6 Structural Design Concepts
Chapter 5 - Constructions
09/2009
5.7
Dr.-Ing. Karsten Moritz,
Dr.-Ing. Lars Schiemann
5.7 Location of ETFE-Foil-Constructions
Hungary
Slovenia
Singapoore
Mexico
Japan
India
Greece
Denmark
Australia
China
USA
France
Spain
Austria
Switzerland
Netherlands
Great Britain
Germany
Location (Continent)
Asia 2.2 %
America 1.3 %
Africa 0 %
Australia 0.9 %
Europe 95.5 %
Location (State)
Source: K. Moritz, PhD, 2007
MM6 Structural Design Concepts
Chapter 5 - Constructions
09/2009
5.8
Dr.-Ing. Karsten Moritz,
Dr.-Ing. Lars Schiemann
5.8 Kinds of pneumatical pre-stressed Constructions
Source: K. Moritz, in: Stahlbau, 05/2007
MM6 Structural Design Concepts
Chapter 5 - Constructions
09/2009
5.9
Dr.-Ing. Karsten Moritz,
Dr.-Ing. Lars Schiemann
5.9 Air Management
Source: K. Moritz, in: Stahlbau, 05/2007
MM6 Structural Design Concepts
Chapter 5 - Constructions
09/2009
5.10
Dr.-Ing. Karsten Moritz,
Dr.-Ing. Lars Schiemann
5.10 Air-Supply
Air Supply, Project Munich Riem, Photograph:
Covertex GmbH, 2002
Air Inlet, Project Scene Lab, FHG IBP,
Holzkirchen, Photograph: K. Moritz, 2004
MM6 Structural Design Concepts
Chapter 5 - Constructions
09/2009
5.11
Dr.-Ing. Karsten Moritz,
Dr.-Ing. Lars Schiemann
5.11 Classification of cushions due to the number of layers
Source: L. Schiemann, 2008
2-layer-cushion
3-layer-cushion, flat middle
layer
3-layer-cushion, curved middle
layer
nominal Inner pressure
pi,nom=250 400 Pascal
maximal inner pressure
Pi,max =800 1,000 Pascal
3-layer-cushion, flat middle
layer, separated layers
3-layer-cushion, curved middle
layer, separated layers
MM6 Structural Design Concepts
Chapter 5 - Constructions
09/2009
5.12
Dr.-Ing. Karsten Moritz,
Dr.-Ing. Lars Schiemann
5.12 FE-Analyses of an ETFE-Foil cushion
a) Ground plan of
a 5.8 x 3.0 m
cushion
b) Isometric view
of a 5.8 x 3.0 m
cushion, made
of 4 panels
Source: K. Moritz, PhD, 2007
MM6 Structural Design Concepts
Chapter 5 - Constructions
09/2009
5.13
Dr.-Ing. Karsten Moritz,
Dr.-Ing. Lars Schiemann
5.13 Welded ETFE-Seam
Welded seam(continiuos-method), Photograph: K. Moritz
ETFE-welding-machine for ETFE-foils (non-continues-method),
Photograph: Eichenhofer, Illertissen, Germany
MM6 Structural Design Concepts
Chapter 5 - Constructions
09/2009
5.14
Dr.-Ing. Karsten Moritz,
Dr.-Ing. Lars Schiemann
5.14 Cutting Pattern
Stress optimised cutting pattern, 5.8 x 3.0 m cushion,
Source: K. Moritz, PhD, 2007
Panel 1 and 4
Panel 2 and 3
MM6 Structural Design Concepts
Chapter 5 - Constructions
09/2009
5.15
Dr.-Ing. Karsten Moritz,
Dr.-Ing. Lars Schiemann
5.15 Straight cut (without patterning)
Straight cut, 5.8 x 3.0 m cushion,
Source: K. Moritz, PhD, 2007
Panels 1 - 4
MM6 Structural Design Concepts
Chapter 5 - Constructions
09/2009
5.16
Dr.-Ing. Karsten Moritz,
Dr.-Ing. Lars Schiemann
5.16 Influence of Patterning on the stresses
Normal stresses in x-direction (
11
) and in y-direction (
22
) , inflation: 2.000 Pa, left hand side: stresss optimised
cutting pattern, right hand side: without cutting pattern (straight cut), K. Moritz, PhD, 2007
MM6 Structural Design Concepts
Chapter 5 - Constructions
09/2009
5.17
Dr.-Ing. Karsten Moritz,
Dr.-Ing. Lars Schiemann
5.17 Shear stresses and main stress axis
Shear stresses (
12
=
21
), inflation: 2.000 Pa, left hand side: optimised cutting pattern, right hand side:
without cutting pattern (straight cut), K. Moritz, PhD, 2007
MM6 Structural Design Concepts
Chapter 5 - Constructions
09/2009
5.18
Dr.-Ing. Karsten Moritz,
Dr.-Ing. Lars Schiemann
5.18 Expansion Joints (steel structure)
Rain Gutter, Expansion Joints, Allianz Arena
3D-Visualisation, covertex GmbH, Obing, 2004
spring metal sheet
Expansion joint
(elongation (steel)
because Temperature
+/- 13 mm)
MM6 Structural Design Concepts
Chapter 5 - Constructions
09/2009
5.19
Dr.-Ing. Karsten Moritz,
Dr.-Ing. Lars Schiemann
5.19 Flexible Aluminium Extrusion Profiles
Aluminium-extrusion-profile, Allianz Arena
covertex GmbH, 2005
ETFE-Foil-cushion (2 layers)
Extrusion Profile Segments (aluminium)
Bolts (steel)
Boundary-Profile (EPDM)
cord edge (EPDM-Keder)
Rain Gutter (sub structure, steel)
Rain Gutter Sealing (polyolefine)
MM6 Structural Design Concepts
Chapter 5 - Constructions
09/2009
5.20
Dr.-Ing. Karsten Moritz,
Dr.-Ing. Lars Schiemann
5.20 1:1 Mockups
Allianz Arena, Photographs: covertex GmbH, 2004 - 2005
MM6 Structural Design Concepts
Chapter 5 - Constructions
09/2009
5.21
Dr.-Ing. Karsten Moritz,
Dr.-Ing. Lars Schiemann
5.21 Support Reactions
Source: K. Moritz, 2007
MM6 Structural Design Concepts
Chapter 5 - Constructions
09/2009
5.22
Dr.-Ing. Karsten Moritz,
Dr.-Ing. Lars Schiemann
5.22 Water Drainage
Allianz Arena: 1.920 roof cushions
provided with a water drainage,
covertex GmbH 2005
Operation breakdown (e.g.
breakdown of air supply)
Operation state
MM6 Structural Design Concepts
Chapter 5 - Constructions
09/2009
5.23
Dr.-Ing. Karsten Moritz,
Dr.-Ing. Lars Schiemann
5.23 3-Layer-Cushions as Changeable Sunshade
Festo centre of technology, Esslingen, Germany, 2000,
Photograph: Foiltec GmbH
changeable sun screen system
using a 3-layer-ETFE-cushion,
source: Foiltec GmbH
permeable
closed
MM6 Structural Design Concepts
Chapter 5 - Constructions
09/2009
5.24
Dr.-Ing. Karsten Moritz,
Dr.-Ing. Lars Schiemann
5.24 Cushion-Integrated Sunscreen
Cushion-integrated permanent lamellas made of ETFE-
foils (Patent: J ohn Hpfner, Munich), Source: K. Moritz, T.
Brengelmann, L. Schiemann, in: Detail, 7/8 2005
Cushion-integrated retractable membrane,
Source: K. Moritz, T. Brengelmann, L.
Schiemann, in: Detail, 7/8 2005
MM6 Structural Design Concepts
Chapter 5 - Constructions
09/2009
5.25
Dr.-Ing. Karsten Moritz,
Dr.-Ing. Lars Schiemann
5.25 Garland Boundaries
Steel-Cable in an ETFE-foil-pocket
(garland-boundary), Scene Laboratory,
FHG-IBP, Holzkirchen, Germany,
Photograph: L. Schiemann
Garland-shaped plain-coil-chain made of stainless
steel, ETFE-foil with gripped cord edge, E.On Info
Centre, Kochel, Germany, 3D-visualisation covertex
GmbH, 2001
MM6 Structural Design Concepts
Chapter 5 - Constructions
09/2009
5.26
Dr.-Ing. Karsten Moritz,
Dr.-Ing. Lars Schiemann
5.26 Vents
Vents, wooden frames with ETFE-foil-cushions, FHG-IBP, Holzkirchen,
Germany, Photograph: K. Moritz
MM6 Structural Design Concepts
Chapter 5 - Constructions
09/2009
5.27
Dr.-Ing. Karsten Moritz,
Dr.-Ing. Lars Schiemann
IABG Ottobrunn, 2006,
Photograph: L. Schiemann
5.27 Cable supported girders
MM6 Structural Design Concepts
Chapter 5 - Constructions
09/2009
5.28
Dr.-Ing. Karsten Moritz,
Dr.-Ing. Lars Schiemann
IABG Ottobrunn, 2006,
Photograph: L. Schiemann
5.28 Cable supported girders
MM6 Structural Design Concepts
Chapter 5 - Constructions
09/2009
5.29
Dr.-Ing. Karsten Moritz,
Dr.-Ing. Lars Schiemann
IABG Ottobrunn, 2006,
Photograph: L. Schiemann
5.29 Cable supported girders
MM6 Structural Design Concepts
Chapter 5 - Constructions
09/2009
5.30
Dr.-Ing. Karsten Moritz,
Dr.-Ing. Lars Schiemann
5.30 Cable supported ETFE-Foils
National Stadium Beijing, 2008, roof cladding made of ETFE-Foils, completion covertex GmbH,
K. Moritz: National Stadium in Beijing, in DETAIL 7/8, 2008
MM6 Structural Design Concepts
Chapter 5 - Constructions
09/2009
5.31
Dr.-Ing. Karsten Moritz,
Dr.-Ing. Lars Schiemann
5.31 Cable supported ETFE-Foils
National Stadium Beijing, 2008,
roof cladding made of ETFE-Foils,
completion and photograph:
covertex GmbH, K. Moritz: National
Stadium in Beijing, in DETAIL 7/8,
2008
MM6 Structural Design Concepts
Chapter 5 - Constructions
09/2009
5.32
Dr.-Ing. Karsten Moritz,
Dr.-Ing. Lars Schiemann
5.32 Cable supported ETFE-Foils
National Stadium Beijing, 2008, roof cladding made of ETFE-Foils, completion covertex GmbH,
K. Moritz: National Stadium in Beijing, in DETAIL 7/8, 2008
MM6 Structural Design Concepts
Chapter 5 - Constructions
09/2009
5.33
Dr.-Ing. Karsten Moritz,
Dr.-Ing. Lars Schiemann
IHK Wrzburg, 2003, low-point umbrellas, completion and photograph: covertex GmbH
5.33 Cable-net supported ETFE-Foils
MM6 Structural Design Concepts
Chapter 5 - Constructions
09/2009
5.34
Dr.-Ing. Karsten Moritz,
Dr.-Ing. Lars Schiemann
5.34 Cable-net supported ETFE-Foils
IHK Wrzburg, 2003, low-point umbrellas, completion and photograph: covertex GmbH
MM6 Structural Design Concepts
Chapter 5 - Constructions
09/2009
5.35
Dr.-Ing. Karsten Moritz,
Dr.-Ing. Lars Schiemann
5.35 Cable-net supported ETFE-Foils
IHK Wrzburg, 2003, low-point umbrellas, completion and photograph: covertex GmbH
MM6 Structural Design Concepts
Chapter 5 - Constructions
09/2009
5.36
Dr.-Ing. Karsten Moritz,
Dr.-Ing. Lars Schiemann
5.36 Cable-net supported ETFE-Foils
IHK Wrzburg, 2003, low-point umbrellas, completion and photograph: covertex GmbH