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    Conservation of Mass Equation - Di Erential Form

    Uploaded by

    Shawn Waltz
    1) The conservation of mass equation in differential form is derived by applying the integral form of conservation of mass to a small rectangular control volume. 2) Taylor series expansions are used to determine the mass flow rates entering and leaving the control volume. 3) After applying the conservation of mass equation and simplifying, the resulting differential form of the equation is ∂ρ/∂t + ∂(ρu)/∂x + ∂(ρv)/∂y + ∂(ρw)/∂z = 0, known as the continuity equation.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Conservation of Mass Equation - Di Erential Form

    Uploaded by

    Shawn Waltz
    23 views4 pages
    1) The conservation of mass equation in differential form is derived by applying the integral form of conservation of mass to a small rectangular control volume. 2) Taylor series expansions are used to determine the mass flow rates entering and leaving the control volume. 3) After applying the conservation of mass equation and simplifying, the resulting differential form of the equation is ∂ρ/∂t + ∂(ρu)/∂x + ∂(ρv)/∂y + ∂(ρw)/∂z = 0, known as the continuity equation.

    Original Description:

    Conservation of Mass Differential Form

    Original Title

    ConservationofMass-DifferentialFormV1

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    1) The conservation of mass equation in differential form is derived by applying the integral form of conservation of mass to a small rectangular control volume. 2) Taylor series expansions are used to determine the mass flow rates entering and leaving the control volume. 3) After applying the conservation of mass equation and simplifying, the resulting differential form of the equation is ∂ρ/∂t + ∂(ρu)/∂x + ∂(ρv)/∂y + ∂(ρw)/∂z = 0, known as the continuity equation.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    23 views4 pages

    Conservation of Mass Equation - Di Erential Form

    Uploaded by

    Shawn Waltz
    1) The conservation of mass equation in differential form is derived by applying the integral form of conservation of mass to a small rectangular control volume. 2) Taylor series expansions are used to determine the mass flow rates entering and leaving the control volume. 3) After applying the conservation of mass equation and simplifying, the resulting differential form of the equation is ∂ρ/∂t + ∂(ρu)/∂x + ∂(ρv)/∂y + ∂(ρw)/∂z = 0, known as the continuity equation.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 4

    Conservation of Mass Equation - Dierential Form

    As seen previously in Ch.V, the equation of conservation of mass can be written


    in integral form as:

    t
    Z
    dV +
    Z
    (
    ~
    V n)dA = 0
    If we apply this equation to a rectangular prism with sides x, y, z as shown:
    y x
    z
    x y
    z
    We can obtain the conservation of mass equation in dierential form. For sim-
    plicity we apply our analysis to a 2-D rectangle and then we extend our conclu-
    sion to 3-D.
    Lets represent the x, y and z components of the velocity by u, v and w,
    respectively.
    Now, before proceeding any further, lets remember what a Taylor series ex-
    pansion is. Assume that we know the value of a function f(x) at x = x
    1
    , and
    additionally f(x) is dierentiable n-times. Then the value of f(x) at x = x
    1
    +x
    is given by:
    f(x
    1
    + dx) = f(x
    1
    ) +x
    d
    dx
    f(x) +
    x
    2
    2
    d
    2
    dx
    f(x) +
    x
    3
    3!
    d
    3
    dx
    f(x) +
    1
    Now that we have revised Taylor series expansion, we can proceed with our
    derivation so lets take into consideration the following element:
    x
    y
    m
    outy
    m
    outx
    vxz
    uyz
    As shown in the gure, the mass ow rate entering the left side of the element is
    uyz where as the mass ow rate entering through the bottom of the element
    is vyz. is the density of the uid, u and v are the x and ycomponents
    of the velocity and x, y, z are the dimensions of the sides of the rectangular
    prism.
    Now, we know how much uid is entering the control volume, but we do not
    know how much of it is leaving the control volume. Then we use Taylor series
    expansion to nd the amount of uid leaving the c.v.
    Then if uyz is entering through the left side of the dierential element, then:
    m
    outx
    =

    u +
    (u)
    x
    x +
    x
    2
    2

    2
    (u)
    x
    2
    +
    x
    3
    3!
    x
    3
    (u)
    x
    3
    +

    yz
    If we assume that our dierential element is very small, we can neglect the
    higher order terms such that:
    m
    outx
    =

    u +
    (u)
    x
    x

    yz
    In a similar way, we have that:
    m
    outy
    =

    v +
    (v)
    y
    y

    xz
    2
    Therefore, our element can be shown as:
    y
    x

    u +

    y
    (u)x

    yz

    v +

    y
    (v)y

    xz
    uyz
    vxz
    Now, we go back to the equation of conservation of mass:

    t
    Z
    dV +
    Z
    (
    ~
    V n)dA = 0
    Beginning with the rst term, applied to our control volume we have:

    t
    Z
    dV =

    t
    ( xyz)
    Now, lets analyze the second term:
    Z
    (
    ~
    V n)dA = uyz+

    u +
    (u)
    x
    x

    yzvxz+

    v +
    (v)
    y
    y

    xz
    Simplifying:
    Z
    (
    ~
    V n) dA =

    (u)
    x
    +
    (v)
    y

    xyz
    Substituting these terms into the conservation of mass equation:

    t
    (xyz) +

    (u)
    x
    +
    (v)
    y

    xyz = 0
    or

    t
    +
    (u)
    x
    +
    (v)
    y
    = 0
    3
    We can extend our analysis to 3-D:

    t
    +
    (u)
    x
    +
    (v)
    y
    +
    (w)
    z
    = 0
    This is the equation of conservation of mass in dierential form. This equation
    is also known as the continuity equation. Quite often you will see this equation
    presented as:

    t
    + (
    ~
    V ) = 0
    Where =

    x
    +

    y
    +

    z

    k
    For the case when the uid is incompressible ( = const), the continuity equa-
    tion is written as:

    ~
    V = 0
    u
    x
    +
    v
    y
    +
    w
    z
    = 0
    If ow is in addition 2-D then:
    u
    x
    +
    v
    y
    = 0
    4

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