Ernst & Young - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia

5/20/2014 Ernst & Young - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernst_%26_Young 1/12
EY
Type Member firms have different legal
structures, USA and UK: Limited
Liability Partnership
Industry Professional services
Founded 1989 through the merger of Ernst &
Whinney and Arthur Young & Co.
Oldest component from 1849[1]
Headquarters
London
,
United Kingdom
[1]
Area served Worldwide
Key people
Mark Weinberger (Chairman &
CEO)
[2]
John Ferraro
(Global COO)
[3]
Services Assurance
Tax Advisory
Consulting
Financial Advisory
Other
Revenue
US$
25.8 billion (2013)[4]
Employees 175,000 (2013)[5]
Divisions Assurance, Advisory, Tax,
Transactions
Website EY.com (http://www.ey.com/)
Ernst & Young
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Ernst & Young (known as EY) is a multinational
professional services firm headquartered in London, United
Kingdom. It was the third largest professional services firm in
the world by aggregated revenue in 2012 and is one of the
"Big Four" accounting firms.
[6][7]
The organization operates as a network of member firms
which are separate legal entities in individual countries. It has
175,000 employees and more than 700 offices in over 150
countries. It provides assurance (including financial audit),
tax, consulting and advisory services to companies.
[8]
The firm dates back to 1849 with the founding of Harding &
Pullein in England. The current firm was formed by a merger
of Ernst & Whinney and Arthur Young & Co. in 1989.
[9]
It
was known as Ernst & Young until 2013, when it underwent
a rebranding to EY. The acronym "EY" was already an
informal name for the firm prior to its official adoption.
[10]
Contents
1 History
1.1 Early history
1.2 Mergers
1.3 Recent history
2 Global structure
3 Services
4 Staff
5 Criticisms
5.1 Equitable Life (2004)
5.2 Bally Total Fitness (2008)
5.3 Anglo Irish Bank (2009)
5.4 Sons of Gwalia (2009)
5.5 Akai Holdings (2009) and Moulin Global
Eyecare (2010)
5.6 Lehman Brothers (2010)
EY offices in Warsaw, Poland.
5.7 Standard Water (2013)
6 Sponsorship
6.1 Sports sponsorship
7 Notable current and former employees
7.1 Business
7.2 Politics and public service
7.3 Other
8 See also
9 References
10 External links
History
Early history
EY is the result of a series of mergers of ancestor organizations. The oldest
originating partnership was founded in 1849 in England as Harding &
Pullein.
[11]
In that year the firm was joined by Frederick Whinney. He was
made a partner in 1859 and with his sons in the business it was renamed
Whinney Smith & Whinney in 1894.
[11]
In 1903, the firm of Ernst & Ernst was established in Cleveland by Alwin
C. Ernst and his brother Theodore and in 1906, Arthur Young & Co. was
set up by the Scotsman Arthur Young in Chicago.
[11]
As early as 1924, these American firms allied with prominent British firms,
Young with Broads Paterson & Co. and Ernst with Whinney Smith &
Whinney.
[11]
In the year 1979, this led to the formation of Anglo-American
Ernst & Whinney, creating the fourth largest accountancy firm in the
world.
[11]
Also in 1979, the European offices of Arthur Young merged with
several large local European firms, which became member firms of Arthur
Young International.
Mergers
In 1989, the number four firm Ernst & Whinney merged with the then number five, Arthur Young, on a global basis
to create Ernst & Young.
[12]
In October 1997, EY announced plans to merge its global practices with KPMG to create the largest professional
services organization in the world, coming on the heels of another merger plan announced in September 1997 by
Price Waterhouse and Coopers & Lybrand. The merger plans were abandoned in February 1998 due to client
opposition, antitrust issues, cost problems and difficulty of merging the two diverse companies and cultures.
[13]
EY had built up its consultancy arm heavily during the 1980s and 1990s. The U.S. Securities and Exchange
Commission and members of the investment community began to raise concerns about potential conflicts of interest
between the consulting and auditing work amongst the Big Five and in May 2000, EY was the first of the firms to
formally and fully separate its consulting practices via a sale to the French IT services company Cap Gemini for
$11 billion, largely in stock, creating the new company of Cap Gemini Ernst & Young, which was later renamed
Capgemini.
[14]
Recent history
In 2002, EY took over many of the ex-Arthur Andersen practices around the world, although not those in the UK,
China or the Netherlands.
[15]
In 2006, EY became the only big four to have two member firms in the United States with the inclusion of Mitchell
& Titus, LLP, the largest minority-owned accounting firm in the United States.
[16][17]
In 2010, EY acquired Terco, the Brazilian member firm of Grant Thornton.
[18]
In 2013, EY agreed to pay federal prosecutors $123 million to settle criminal tax avoidance charges stemming from
$2 billion in unpaid taxes from about 200 wealthy individuals advised by four Ernst & Young senior partners
between 1999 and 2004.
[19]
In 2013, EY changed its brand name from Ernst & Young to EY and tagline to "Building a better working
world".
[20]
On July 1, 2013, Mark A. Weinberger became Chairman and CEO succeeding Jim Turley who had retired.
[21]
Global structure
EY is the most globally managed of the Big Four firms. EY Global sets global standards and oversees global policy
and consistency of service, with client work being performed by its member firms.
Each EY member country is organized as part of one of four areas.
[22]
This is different from other professional
services networks which are more centrally managed.
The four areas are:
EMEIA: Europe, Middle East, India and Africa
Americas
Asia-Pacific
Japan
Ernst & Young, Saudi Arabia
(Riyadh Office at Al Faisaliyah
Tower, Riyadh).
Each area has an identical business structure and one management team that is led by an Area Managing Partner
who is part of the Global Executive board. The aim of this structure is to effectively cater for an increasingly global
clientele, who have multinational interests.
Services
EY has four main service lines and share of revenues in 2011:
[23]
Assurance Services (46%): comprises Financial Audit (core
assurance), Financial Accounting Advisory Services, Fraud
Investigation & Dispute Services, and Climate Change &
Sustainability Services.
Tax Services (26%): includes Transfer Pricing, International Tax
Services, Business Tax Compliance, Human Capital, Customs,
Indirect Tax, Tax Accounting & Risk Advisory Services, Transaction
Tax.
Advisory Services (19%): consisting of four subservice lines:
Actuarial, IT Risk and Assurance, Risk, and Performance
Improvement.
Transaction Advisory Services (TAS) (9%): deals with companies' capital agenda preserving, optimizing,
investing and raising capital.
Staff
EY was ranked No. 1 in the Forbes Magazine's "The Best Accounting Firms to Work For" in 2012, claiming that
EY treats its employees better than other large firms. It was ranked 57 overall.
[24]
The firm was ranked No. 1 in BusinessWeek's annual list of "Best Places To Launch a Career" for 2008.
[25]
The firm was ranked No. 44 in the Fortune list of "100 Best Companies to Work For", and the highest among the
"Big Four", for 2009.
[26]
EY was ranked 4th in Universum's America's "Ideal Employers" list 2011
[27]
and 3rd in its Global Top Employers
list.
[28]
The firm was No. 34 in ComputerWorld's "100 Best Places To Work For In IT" for 2009.
[29]
The firm was also placed among the top 50 places in the "Where Women Want to Work" awards for 2007.
[30]
The firm was named as one of the "10 Best Companies for Working Mothers" by Working Mothers magazine in
2012 for the 7th straight year.
[31]
In April 2009, Reuters reported that EY launched an initiative encouraging its staff in China to take 40 days of low-
pay leave between July 2009 and June 2010. Those who participate get 20% of regular salary plus benefits of full-
time employee. It applies to employees in Hong Kong, Macau and mainland China where the firm employs 8,500 in
total.
[32]
In early 2012, it was reported that EY has 10,000 staff in mainland China and Hong Kong, which has quadrupled
in a decade. It has about 11,200 staff in the UK.
[33]
In 2012, the firm was ranked number 1 in the "Stonewall Top 100 Workplace Equality Index", a list of Britain's top
100 gay-friendly employers. In 2013, the firm was ranked number 6 in the same Workplace Equality Index.
[34]
In the year 2013, EY earned 100% rating on the "Human Rights Campaign Corporate Equality Index".
[35]
In the year 2013, EY was named one of DiversityInc magazine's Top 50 companies for diversity.
[36]
In the year 2013, EY was ranked 4th in "Universum Top 100 IDEAL Employer".
[37]
Criticisms
Equitable Life (2004)
In April 2004, Equitable Life, a UK life assurance company, sued EY after nearly collapsing but abandoned the
case in September 2005. EY described the case as "a scandalous waste of time, money and resources for all
concerned."
[38]
Bally Total Fitness (2008)
Following allegations by the Securities and Exchange Commission that EY had committed accounting fraud in its
work auditing the books of Bally Total Fitness, EY reached two settlements in 2008, including a fine of
$8.5million.
[39]
Anglo Irish Bank (2009)
In 2009, in the Anglo Irish Bank hidden loans controversy, EY was criticised by politicians
[40]
and the shareholders
of Anglo Irish Bank for failing to detect large loans to Sean FitzPatrick, its Chairman, during its audits. The Irish
Government had to subsequently take full ownership of the Bank at a cost of 28 billion.
[41][42]
The Irish Chartered
Accountants Regulatory Board appointed John Purcell to investigate.
[43]
EY said it fundamentally disagrees with
the decision to initiate a formal disciplinary process" and that "there has been no adverse finding made against EY in
respect of the audit of Anglo Irish Bank."
[44]
Sons of Gwalia (2009)
In 2009, EY, the former auditors of Sons of Gwalia, agreed to a $125m settlement over their role in the gold
miners collapse in 2004. Ferrier Hodgson, the company's administrator, had claimed EY was negligent over the
accounting of gold and dollar hedging contracts. However, EY said that the proposed settlement was not an
admission of any liability.
[45]
Akai Holdings (2009) and Moulin Global Eyecare (2010)
In 2009, EY agreed to pay US$200m out of court to settle a negligence claim by the liquidators of Akai
Holdings.
[46]
It was alleged that EY falsified dozens of documents to cover up the theft of over US$800m by
Akai's chairman, James Ting - in some cases documents had been painted over with correcting fluid and then
written over by hand.
[47]
In a separate lawsuit a former EY partner, Cristopher Ho, made a "substantial payment"
to Akai creditors in his role as chairman of the company that had bought Akai just before it went bust in 2000.
[48]
Police raided the Hong Kong office and arrested an EY partner who had been an audit manager on the Akai
account from December 1997, although audit documents had been doctored dating back to 1994.
[47]
The EY
partner for the Akai account between 1991 and 1999, David Sun Tak-kei, faced no charges and went on to
become co-managing partner for EY China.
[47]
A few months later EY settled a similar claim of up to HK$300m
from the liquidators of Moulin Global Eyecare, an audit client of the Hong Kong affiliate between 2002 and
2004.
[46]
The liquidators described the Moulin accounts as a "morass of dodginess".
[46]
Lehman Brothers (2010)
The Valukas Report issued in 2010
[49]
charged that Lehman Brothers engaged in a practice known as repo 105
and that EY, Lehman's auditor, was aware of it. New York prosecutors announced in 2010
[50]
that they have sued
the firm. EY said that its last audit of Lehman Brothers was for the fiscal year ending 30 November 2007 and that,
Lehmans financial statements were fairly presented in accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting
Principles.
[51][52][53]
Standard Water (2013)
EY Hong Kong resigned from the audit of Standard Water when it emerged that although they had signed off the
audit, it had been effectively outsourced to the affiliate in mainland China, who had received 99.98% of the fee.
[54]
This was important because shareholders have less confidence in mainland auditors, and audit papers on the
mainland are subject to state secrecy laws and can be withheld from outside regulators.
[54]
EY's quality and risk
management leader (Greater China) even testified in the Court of First Instance that he was not sure if there was
any formal agreement covering the relationship between the two EY entities.
[54]
The court case in 2013 came as
US regulators were taking an interest in similar cases of accounting fraud in mainland China.
[54]
Sponsorship
EY's publicity activity includes its World Entrepreneur Of The Year program, held in over 60 countries.
[55]
EY UK also publicizes itself by sponsoring exhibitions of works by famous artists, such as Czanne, Picasso,
Bonnard, Monet, Rodin and Renoir. The most recent of these was Maharaja: the Splendour of India's Royal
Courts at the Victoria and Albert Museum.
[56]
In addition, EY publicizes itself by sponsoring the educational children's show Cyberchase on PBS Kids under the
PBS Kids GO! television brand, in an effort to improve mathematics literacy in children.
[57]
EY in the UK sponsors the ITEM club.
[58]
EY in the UK has set up the National Equality Standard, an initiative developed for business which sets clear
equality, diversity and inclusion (EDI) criteria against which companies are assessed. The National Equality
Standard (NES) is currently the only industry recognised national standard for EDI in the UK.
[59]
Sports sponsorship
On 8 September 2011, Rio 2016 made the announcement that EY will be an official sponsor of the XXXI Olympic
Summer Games to be held in Brazil, as the exclusive provider of professional services consulting and auditing
for Rio 2016 organizing committee.
[60]
EY also has a longstanding relationship with the 2011 Tour de France
winner Cadel Evans.
[61]
Notable current and former employees
Business
Arthur Blankco-founder of Home Depot, owner of the Atlanta Falcons
Jim BalsillieFormer co-CEO of Research In Motion (19922012)
Liz Bingham-president of R3, the industry body for restructuring professionals.
Andrew GouldChairman and former CEO of Schlumberger (20032011)
[62]
Ed GrierDean of VCU School of Business, Former President of the Disneyland Resort (2009present)
Chris KubasikCOO of Lockheed Martin (20012012)
Sean Wiseventure capital commentator
Patricia A. WoertzCEO of Archer Daniels Midland (2006present)
Michael T. StrianeseCEO of L-3 Communications (2006present)
Karan Bilimoria, Baron BilimoriaFounder of Cobra Beer
Politics and public service
Jan Peter BalkenendePrime Minister of the Netherlands (20022010)
[63]
John B. T. Campbell IIIMember of the U.S. House of Representatives (2005present)
Jun ChoiMayor of Edison, New Jersey (2006present)
Christopher ChopeMember of the British Parliament (198392; 1997present)
Sheila FraserFormer Auditor General of Canada (20012011)
Cheryl GillanMember of the British Parliament (1992present)
Edward H NtalamiCEO at his Kenyan Capital Markets Authority (2002present)
John HowellMember of the British Parliament (2008present)
Hugo SchiltzBelgian Senator (19921995)
Jeff McWatersMember of the Virginia State Senate (2010present)
Tin Pei Ling-Member of Parliament for Marine Parade GRC, Singapore (2011present)
Other
Kimberly Clarice Aiken, Miss America 1994
Genevive Brame, author
Jeff Moss (born c. 1975), founder of the DEF CON and Black Hat technology conferences and member of
the Homeland Security Advisory Council
Joyce Carol Vincent,
[64]
employee in London, notable for the circumstances of her unexplained death
See also
Accounting networks and associations
Professional services networks
References
1. ^
a

b
"Facts & Figures" (http://www.ey.com/UK/en/Newsroom/Facts-and-figures). Ernst & Young. 30 June 2011.
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2. ^ Mark Weinberger (http://www.ey.com/GL/en/About-us/Our-global-approach/Our-leaders/Ernst---Young---
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3. ^ John Ferraro (http://www.ey.com/GL/en/About-us/Our-global-approach/Our-leaders/Ernst---Young---Global-
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b

c

d

e
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firm-departure.asp) Grant Thornton, 3 August 2010
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(http://www.guardian.co.uk/business/2013/mar/03/ernst-young-pays-us-regulators). The Guardian. Retrieved 23
March 2013.
20. ^ EY is committed to doing its part in building a better working world (http://www.ey.com/GL/en/Issues/Business-
environment/building-a-better-working-world#home).
21. ^ New at the top: Mark Weinberger, chief executive-elect of Ernst & Young
(http://articles.washingtonpost.com/2012-02-05/business/35444958_1_tax-laws-ernst-young-tax-practice)
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(http://images.businessweek.com/ss/08/09/0904_first_jobs/1.htm). BusinessWeek. Retrieved 9 July 2011.
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(http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/life_and_style/career_and_jobs/top_50_women/table/). The Times. Retrieved 9
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(http://www.ey.com/US/en/Newsroom/News-releases/Ernst-and-Young-LLP-ranks-among-the-top-10-companies-
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consecutive year (http://www.ey.com/US/en/Newsroom/News-releases/News_Ernst---Young-LLP-named-to-the-
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in 2007" (http://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/ireland/2009/0117/1232059657178.html). The Irish Times. 1
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/breaking/5912273/e-y-agrees-to-125m-sons-of-gwalia-settlement/). The West Australian 4 September 2009.
Retrieved 4 September 2009.
46. ^
a

b

c
Rovnick, Naomi (27 January 2010). "Ernst & Young pays up to settle negligence claim"
(http://www.scmp.com/article/704741/ernst-young-pays-settle-negligence-claim). South China Morning Post.
47. ^
a

b

c
Rovnick, Naomi; Lo, Clifford (30 September 2009). "Raids, arrest as fraud police probe Akai files"
(http://www.scmp.com/article/694025/raids-arrest-fraud-police-probe-akai-files). South China Morning Post.
48. ^ Duce, John; Tan, Andrea (5 October 2009). "Akai Liquidator to Receive Payment in Settlement With Grande"
(http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=newsarchive&sid=aWP18uiUC6dQ). Bloomberg.
49. ^ "Lehman Directors Did Not Breach Duties Examiner Finds"
(http://dealbook.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/03/11/lehman-directors-did-not-breach-duties-examiner-finds/#reports).
DealBook (blog of The New York Times). 11 March 2010. Retrieved 9 July 2011.
50. ^ "Attorney General Cuomo Sues Ernst & Young for Assisting Lehman Brothers in Financial Fraud"
(http://www.ag.ny.gov/press-release/attorney-general-cuomo-sues-ernst-young-assisting-lehman-brothers-
financial-fraud). New York Attorney General. 21 December 2010.
51. ^ "Lehman Cooked Books before Collapse, Report Finds" (http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-503983_162-
20000341-503983.html). CBS News. 12 March 2010. Retrieved 9 July 2011.
52. ^ Court-Appointed Lehman Examiner Unveils Report (http://dealbook.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/03/11/lehman-
directors-did-not-breach-duties-examiner-finds/). DealBook (blog of The New York Times). 11 March 2010.
53. ^ "Lehman Smoking Gun Leaves E&Y Facing Questions"
(http://www.accountancyage.com/accountancyage/news/2259670/y-face-questions-lehman-audit). Accountancy
Age. Retrieved 9 July 2011.
54. ^
a

b

c

d
Yam, Shirley (18 May 2013). "E&Y's outsourced auditing raises eyebrows in court"
(http://www.scmp.com/business/article/1240178/eys-outsourced-auditing-raises-eyebrows-court). South China
Morning Post.
55. ^ EY Entrepreneur Of The Year (http://www.ey.com/US/en/About-us/Entrepreneurship/Entrepreneur-Of-The-
Year/US_EOY_Article_FAQ). Ernst & Young. Retrieved 9 July 2011.
56. ^ "Maharaja: The Splendour of India's Royal Courts" (http://www.vam.ac.uk/microsites/maharaja/). Victoria and
Albert Museum, London, UK. 20 July 2009. Retrieved 9 July 2011.
57. ^ Cyberchase PBS Kids (http://pbskids.org/cyberchase) Official PBS Kids website with corporate sponsorships.
58. ^ Ernst & Young Item Club appoints new Chief Economist (http://www.prnewswire.co.uk/cgi/news/release?
id=44555). Prnewswire.co.uk 16 June 1997. Retrieved 9 July 2011.
59. ^ "Hope that National Equality Standard (NES) will turn tide for D&I" (http://www.thehrdirector.com/business-
news/diversity_and_equality/untitled-resource/). The HR Director magazine.
60. ^ "Rio 2016 Unveils Ernst & Young as Tier 2 Sponsor" (http://www.aroundtherings.com/articles/view.aspx?
id=37832). Aroundtherings.com. Retrieved 8 December 2011.
61. ^ Ernst & Young renews relationship with Cadel Evans (http://www.ey.com/AU/en/Newsroom/News-
releases/Ernst-and-Young-renews-relationship-with-Cadel-Evans).
62. ^ "Schlumberger CEO to Retire, Remains as Chairman" (http://www.forbes.com/feeds/ap/2011/07/21/business-
energy-us-schlumberger-ceo-retiring_8576876.html). Forbes. Retrieved 1 August 2011.
63. ^ (Dutch) "Former Dutch PM to Be Partner in Accountancy Firm" (http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2011-01-
31/former-dutch-pm-to-be-partner-in-accountancy-firm.html). Bloomberg.
64. ^ "Joyce Carol Vincent: How could this young woman lie dead and undiscovered for almost three years?"
(http://www.guardian.co.uk/film/2011/oct/09/joyce-vincent-death-mystery-documentary). The Guardian. 2011-
10-09. Retrieved 2013-02-14.
External links
Official website (http://www.ey.com)
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ernst_%26_Young&oldid=608206776"
Categories: 1849 establishments in England Accounting firms of the United Kingdom
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