Major Steps to Improve KPI !!!

Here are some parameters which highly effects network performance like -
Network Overall ASR (Answer Seizure Ration).
Location Update Success Rate.
Paging Success Rate.
Handover Success Rate.
& these parameters needs to be monitored continuously for smooth
functioning of mobile network.

Network Overall ASR - This is very-very important parameter in telecom
industry because it directly relates to Revenue (Money), So we need to keep
close monitoring & take certain precautions to keep it higher-n-higher.
Its standard value lies between 35% - 45% & rest % is left considering
Subscriber Behaviour i.e. miss call, no answers after long ring, etc.

Points to be closely monitoring for improvement of ASR :-
1. POI Utilization (whether more E1's are required or not).
2. Routing of Levels.
3. Selection of Routes.
4. CIC (Circuit) Hunting e.g. Odd-Even Selection or Sequential Routing.
5. Unallocated Numbers, e.g. subscriber which are churn (De-active), delete those numbers
on regular basis.
6. Proper Announcements, so that Subscriber won't re-attempts again n again.
7. CIC matching should be there with other operator.
8. Network Equipment like MSC, etc. should not be congested n Many more......

Location Update Success Rate - It is Number of Successful Location
Updates w.r.t. Total Number of Location Updating Attempts. This parameter
is calculated for 24 Hrs. Its standard value >= 95%.

LUSR = 100*(Number of successful location updates) / (Total number of
location updating attempts)
Where above both paramteres are considered for Non-Registered Mobile
Subscribers & Already Registered Mobile Subscribers.

Major contributor for decreasing LUSR -
1. Congestion in C7 Signaling.
2. Incorrect IMSI definition of IMSI analysis in Switch.
3. Incorrect roaming subscriber definition in Switch.
4. SDDCH Congestion.
5. LU timers setting.
6. Network Synchronization problem.
Improvement Plan -
1. Continuous Monitor of C7 Signaling utilization and it should be
optimize as much as possible.
2. Correct definition of IMSI and Roaming Subscriber.
3. For Narrow Band Signaling the utilization should not go above 0.3 Erl.
& for High Speed Signaling the utilization must be kept below 0.4
Erl(Per time slot).

Paging Success Rate - It is rate of successful page responses to First and
Repeated Page Attempts to a location area w.r.t. Number of Initial and
Repeated Page Attempts to a location area. This parameter is calculated for
24 Hours. Its standard value >= 92%.

LSR = (Number of Page responses to first page to an LA + Number of Page
responses to repeated page to an LA) / Number of Page Attempts to an LA
(Location Area).
OR
LSR = (first paging response+ repeated paging response)*100/first paging
request).

Major contributor for decreasing PSR -
1. Improper Paging / LU (Location Update) related parameter setting.
2. O&M issue i.e Outages.
3. Lower RACH success rate.
4. Air Interface Issues like Interference, SDCCH Congestion, etc.
5. Footprints.
6. Paging overload on BSC i.e. paging capacity of BSC compared with the
actual paging.
7. Congestion on A-bis interface i.e. Paging command from BSC is
delivered to BTS via A-bis.
Improvement Plan -
1. Paging / LU timers setting, like Paging Timers in MSC must longer than
Paging Timer in BSC (prolonging 1st and repeated page) and also
paging strategy (local vs global), or repeated page on/off.
2. LAC optimization.
3. Paging / LU related parameter setting like increasing paging capacity
through uncombined BCCH, changing Access grant and MFRMS
(multiframe) parameters.
4. Address Coverage issues.
5. Check Discard/Paging queue on cell level.

HandOver Success Rate - It is the mechanism that transfers an ongoing
call from one cell to another as a user moves through the coverage area of a
cellular system.
The handover success rate shows the percentage of successful
handovers of all handover attempts. A handover attempt is when a handover
command is sent to the mobile.

HOSR = (Successful Incoming Inter-Cell Handover + Successful Outgoing
Inter-Cell Handover) / (Incoming Inter-Cell Handover + Outgoing Inter-Cell
Handover)

Major contributor for decreasing HOSR -
1. C/I Ratio (Carrier-to-Interference ratio), Lower value gives Worst
Connection Quality.
2. High Interference, Co-Channel or adjacent i.e., High Bit-Error Ratio.
3. Bad Antenna Installation.
4. Bad Radio Coverage.
5. Incorrect Locating Parameter Settings.
6. Insufficient Planning in Certain Areas.
7. Repeated Handover between two base stations, caused by rapid
fluctuations in the received signal strengths from both base stations.
8. Un-Necessary Handover often leads to Increased Signaling Traffic.
Improvement Plan -
1. Updating & Optimising Neighbours List.
2. Removing Neighbours which have fewer no of HOs and cells having
poor HOSR,
3. Avoid same BCCH+BSIC Combination.

More Information from Readers are Expected !!!


Thanks
[email protected]
http://homepageforu.webs.com/
1
Posted by Ashish Bhatia at 11:09 PM 3 comments
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Labels: KPI
Saturday, March 27, 2010
KPI - Key Performance Indicators
Hi,

KPI tells the performance of a network on
a daily/weekly/monthly basis, which helps to improve the network, so
that operator & customer both enjoys the service at its most.

Key Performance Indicators for Telecom Industry are :-

Systems and Network Performance Analysis / Capacity Planning
Availability
Grade of service
Service life of equipment
Bit error ratio (data, bits & elements transfer)
Bit rate (data, bits and elements transfer)
Downtime / Time out of service
Call completion ratio
Cost of support systems
Cost of operational systems
Average call length
Analysis of ASR routes
Network traffic, congestion
Idle time on network
Dropped calls
Quality / Usage (Airtime): Analysis of the volume of successful calls
Mean Opinion Score
Service
Duration of calls
Billed amount on each call
Coverage
% of land covered with services
% of population covered with services
Average land unavailable to services
Average population unavailable to services
Access to customer service
Faults and complains (Trouble tickets analysis)
% of open and level of escalation priority required
% closed
Mean time to resolved
Work in progress
Customer service level statistics
Customer Analysis
Customer segmentation
Analysis of subscriptions
Top N customers
Churn (No. of Subscriber who stopped using Services or left particular
network)
ASR (Answer Seizure Ratio) - Number of successfully answered calls
divided by the total number of calls attempted (seizures) multiplied by 100.
(Answer / Seizure) * 100 = Answer Seizure Ratio.
Standard Value = 40% - 45%.

MOU (Minutes of Usage) per Subscriber It calculates the Total Minutes
used in a Network divided by the number of subscribers.

CCR (Call Completion Ratio) - Total no of calls completed / Total no of
calls attempted * 100%
Higher the ratio is better.
Standard Value > 98%.

LUSR (Location Update Success Rate) - Its a ratio of no.of times mobiles
update its location successfully to the no.of times mobiles request network
for Location update.
LUSR = (Location Update Success / Location Update Request)*100.
Standard Value >= 98%.

PSR (Paging Success Rate) - Its a ratio of no.of times network
successfully find the mobiles to the no.of times network tries to locate the
mobiles within its area.
PSR = (No.of Network Paging Response / No.of Network Paging
Attempts)*100.
Standard Value >= 92%.


More Information from Readers are Expected !!!

Thanks
[email protected]
http://homepageforu.webs.com/
4
Posted by Ashish Bhatia at 7:12 PM 24 comments
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Labels: KPI
Wednesday, September 16, 2009
Erlang / Mobile Network Traffic
What is ERLANG ?
Its a dimensionless unit of traffic intensity.
One erlang is the intensity at which one traffic path i.e. one circuit would be
continuously occupied.

It is equivalent of one call (including call attempts and holding time) in a
specific channel for 3600 seconds in an hour. The 3600 seconds need not be,
and generally are not in a contiguous block.

Example :-
Suppose 60 calls happens in one hour, each lasting 5 minutes,
Minutes of traffic in the hour = number of calls x duration = 60 x 5 = 300
Hours of traffic in the hour = 300/60 = 5
Traffic figure = 5 erlangs.

Erlang calculations are further broken down as:

Erlang B -- The most commonly used traffic model. Erlang B is used to work
out, how many lines are required if the traffic figure during the busiest hour
is known. This model assumes that all blocked calls are cleared
immediately.

Extended Erlang B -- Similar to Erlang B, this model can be used to factor
in the number of calls that are blocked and immediately tried again.

Erlang C -- This model assumes that all blocked calls are queued in the
system until they can be handled. Call centers can use this calculation to
determine how many call agents to staff, based on the number of calls per
hour, the average duration of class and the amount of time calls are left in
the queue.


Network designers use the erlang to understand traffic patterns within a
voice network and use the figures to determine how many lines are required
between a telephone system and a central office (PSTN exchange lines), or
between multiple network locations.

Erlang is named after Danish telephone engineer A. K. Erlang.

Read more
at http://telecomtigers.blogspot.com/search/label/KPI#kQ0R7b4HvvuzdGlW.
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