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13-Jul-07
Title Of Document: Thakin Than Tuns Speech of Greetings to the 2
nd
Congress of
the Communist Party of India

Nature of Document: Original draft of Thakin Than Tuns speech to the 2
nd

Congress of the Communist Party of India in Calcutta 28 February 1948. (Grammar
and spelling have been left as in original draft)

Source: Private Collection of Dr Maung Aung Myoe. Apparently unpublished.

Date of Creation of Original Document: February 1948

Original Text or Translation: Original Text

Date Mounted on ARI website: July 2007

Introduction: This speech given by Thakin Than Tun, secretary general of the
Burma Communist Party (BCP), at the 2
nd
Congress of the Communist Party of India
expresses solidarity with the Indian party, and opposition to both global imperialism
and the Anti-Fascist Peoples Freedom League Government. Noting that the BCP was
prepared to return blow for blow, this speech presaged the armed revolt in Burma
later in this year.

Acknowledgements: Dr Maung Aung Myoe














The Cold War in Asia (1945-1990)
A Project of the Asia Research Institute, National University of Singapore

Documentary Database
________________________________________

13-Jul-07

THAKIN THAN TUN'S SPEECH OF GREETINGS TO THE 2
nd
CONGRESS OF THE COMMUNIST PARTY OF INDIA

February 28, 1948
Comrade Chairman and Comrade!

On behalf of the Communist Party of Burma, I greet the second Congress of
the Communist Party of India.
At this Congress, we are represented by a strong delegation. This, we believe,
will strengthen the ties which already exist between the Communist movement in
India and the Communist movement in Burma.
Like your country, our country is passing through a most critical phase in the
history of our national liberation struggle.
Faced with unprecedented upsurge of the colonial peoples, imperialism is
resorting the new tactics and manoeuvres - that of drawing away the national
bourgeoisie, which had hitherto been in the people's camp, that of splitting the
national front of the peoples against imperialism, utilising the colonial bourgeoisie
against the people and bringing about civil wars.
This is what is happening in our country, in your country, in China and in
other colonial and semi-colonial countries, though in differing patterns.
You will remember that the people of Burma played, a heroic role in 1945
during the great anti-Japanese rising. It is to the eternal glory of our Party that it is
our party which initiated, organised and led the anti-Japanese resistance, bringing it
to a successful conclusion.
We also take pride in the fact that after the fall of the Japanese, we took the
initiative and had a major share in building up the Anti-Fascist People's Freedom
League (AFPFL) - a national movement unprecedented in the history of our liberation
struggle - the national movement which continued resistance against the British
imperialist's plans of re-establishing their political, economic and military domination.
Owing to our shortcomings and weaknesses, we were out-manoeuvred, and
since September 1946, the national bourgeois leadership inside the AFPFL began to
The Cold War in Asia (1945-1990)
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13-Jul-07
compromise with imperialism with imperialism. This compromise was finalised in the
Anglo-Burmese Treaty. By this treaty the national bourgeoisie has finally agreed not
to fight British imperialism any more and has gone over completely to subservient
collaboration with imperialism.
On January 4, 1948, Burma was formally declared a fully "Independent
Sovereign State". But behind this facade of sham independence the old colonial
social order is retained, British imperialism continuing its domination, though the
form has changed.
Imperialism did not hand over power to the national bourgeoisie until it was
sure that the national bourgeoisie had given up the path of opposition and that, it
was going to use the power so transferred not against imperialism but against the
people.
The record of the AFPFL Government after the declaration of "Independence"
clearly shows that it has not, and cannot, solve a single fundamental problem of the
people.
In all fundamental questions, it has come out against the people. It is today
advocating industrial peace, workers and peasants producing more, more exports
and less imports, etc. In short the AFPFL Government has come today a subservient
tools in the hands of imperialism to suppress the people's movement for real
independence and people's democracy.
That is only one side of the picture. Our great people who fought the
Japanese Fascists and British colonisers - and fought with arms are not daunted.
Today they are resisting these new imperialist attacks.
The movement of the working-class for confiscation of British capital and
nationalisation of key industries, the struggle of the peasantry for food and land, the
struggle of the oppressed middle-classes for better living conditions, the general
democratic movement of the entire people for democratic liberties, the heroic
struggle of the people in Arakan and central Burma against military suppression, the
democratic movement of the Karens (though it is still weak because of the
reactionary feudal leadership which is exploiting for its own selfish ends the honest
desire of the Karen masses for national self-determination), the struggle of the
people in the Shan States for the overthrow of feudal-autocracy - all these are
The Cold War in Asia (1945-1990)
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developing in opposition to British imperialism in opposition to the national
bourgeoisie which is making desperate efforts to disrupt and crush the rising tide of
the democratic forces.
The forces of democratic revolution are marching forward - marching forward
to shape their destinies with their own hands.
The Communist Party of Burma is today making all-out efforts to unite all
these diverse current into one stream of general revolutionary democratic movement
for real independence, for a people's democracy and for lasting peace.
Faced with a might revolutionary upsurge, imperialism, with the subservient
collaboration of the national bourgeoisie, has brought Burma on the brink of a
disastrous civil war, in order to crush the impending revolution.
Our entire party is today concentrated on the building of a Democratic Front
based on AFPFL-Communist Party (CP) unity (without the collaborating bourgeois
leadership) to avert civil war, to smash the imperialist-feudal-bourgeois combine, to
set up a new people's democratic State - a state based on the class alliance of
workers, peasants and oppressed middle-classes, in which the working-class is in
firm leadership, in which all exploiting classes are kept out - a new State which is
transition to Socialism.
We are advocating AFPFL-CP unity because the majority of the AFPFL masses,
who still nurse illusions about their leadership, stand for real independence and
people's democracy. We are firmly convinced that they can be won over to the side
of democratic revolution. But as for their leaders, they have completely deserted the
people's camp.
When after the assassination of General Aung San we made efforts for AFPFL-
CP unity, the present AFPFL leadership obstructed unity under the direction of
American imperialists. They are today continuing with this anti-unity activities. We,
therefore, specifically say that AFPFL-CP unity without the collaborating leadership -
the leadership which following the dictates of Anglo-American imperialism.
Forging a fighting united front under new conditions on the one hand, we are,
on the other hand, making all-out efforts to avert the civil war instigated by Anglo-
American imperialists and their running-dogs, the collaborating AFPFL leadership.
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But we are not afraid of the consequences. We are prepared to return blow
for blow.
We are conscious of our own strength. In spite of the combined attacks of the
imperialist, feudal-bourgeois combine, our Party is taking singly, still a major party
that is the strongest single party inside our country. The role of our Party in relation
to the national movement is greater than our numerical strength. At the same time,
we are the party of tens of thousands of the finest cadres in our country. Behind us
is the experience of partisan warfare, the experience of anti-Japanese armed
struggle, the experience of the militant resistance, struggle against the "anti-
Communist Annihilation Drive" of the imperialists-bourgeoisie Government through
"Operation Flush" and "Operation Arakan".
We have more than a lakh of class conscious militants who have had military
training, many of whom have had experience of partisan warfare and who can be
swung into action whenever the occasion demands it. We also have lakhs of workers,
peasants and common people behind us.
Let me repeat again. We are making all-out efforts to prevent civil war. But if
the national bourgeoisie, backed by Anglo-Americans, insists on having it, well they
will have it. We are prepared to return two blows for every blow struck against us -
smash the imperialist-feudal-bourgeois combine - establish real independence, a
people's democracy and a lasting peace.
You, comrades of the Communist Party of India, have a special role to play.
You will have to take up the banner of national independence and sovereignty in
your own hands and smash the imperialist-feudal-bourgeois combine. By doing so,
you will be assisting the movements in Asia for real independence.
Comrades, the great victories of the People's Liberation Army led by the
Chinese Communist Party have greatly heartened the oppressed peoples in Asia. But
the victories by themselves are not enough. The democratic movement in China
must become closely linked up with that in other colonies and semi-colonial countries.
We in Burma have a special role to play in this connection. We are doing our
best to forge links between the victorious Chinese People's Liberation Army and the
onward march of the Burmese democratic movement.
The Cold War in Asia (1945-1990)
A Project of the Asia Research Institute, National University of Singapore

Documentary Database
________________________________________

13-Jul-07
Comrades, 1948 is a decisive year for the liberation movements. It will decide
the fate of the liberation movements in South-East Asia.
The Anti-Imperialist Democratic Camp has been formed. It is led by the great
Soviet Union. It is composed of the New Democracies, the working-class movements
in all capitalist countries, the democratic movement of China and the national
liberation movement of all colonies and semi-colonies. Unitedly and firmly led by the
Communist Parties, our camp is far stronger than that of the imperialists, the Anti-
Democratic Camp led by American imperialism.
We firmly believe in the just nature of our cause. We know that world reaction,
led by American imperialism, is doomed to defeat.
As Comrade Mao Tse-tung, the leaders of China's millions, has said: "The
light of dawn is upon us".
Comrades, your struggle against the imperialist-feudal-bourgeois combine is
one with us for real national independence, for a People's Democracy and for a
lasting peace.
Let us never forget the oneness of our common struggle. Let us, therefore,
unite and the victory will be ours. Comrades, lastly on behalf of the Communist Party
of Burma, I am presenting to this Congress a banner to solidify the oneness of our
struggle for real independence and People's Democracy, and for a lasting peace.

- Long live the Democratic Camp headed by the Soviet Union!
- Death to the imperialist, Anti-Democratic Camp led by the American imperialism!
- Long live the Communist Party of India!