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Comparative and Superlative Forms

1) This document discusses how to form the comparative and superlative of adjectives and adverbs in English. Short adjectives like "cheap" use "er" and "est" endings while longer adjectives use "more" and "most." 2) Adjectives with one or two syllables typically use "er" and "est" endings. Adjectives ending in certain letters, like "y" or consonants, are exceptions and use "more" and "most." 3) There are also spelling rules for words ending in consonants plus "e" when adding "er" and "est" endings. Words with certain endings, like "ful" or

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185 views3 pages

Comparative and Superlative Forms

1) This document discusses how to form the comparative and superlative of adjectives and adverbs in English. Short adjectives like "cheap" use "er" and "est" endings while longer adjectives use "more" and "most." 2) Adjectives with one or two syllables typically use "er" and "est" endings. Adjectives ending in certain letters, like "y" or consonants, are exceptions and use "more" and "most." 3) There are also spelling rules for words ending in consonants plus "e" when adding "er" and "est" endings. Words with certain endings, like "ful" or

Uploaded by

DeeDya Uncha TheBlingerz
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Comparative and superlative forms

A. The comparison of adjectives


We form the comparative and superlative of short adjectives (e.g. cheap) and long
adjectives (e.g. expensive) in different ways.
COMPARA!"# $%P#R&A!"#
$hort word' e.g. cheap: cheaper (the) cheapest
&ong word' e.g. expensive: more expensive (the) most expensive
B. Short and long adjectives
One(sylla)le adjectives (e.g. small, nice) usually have the er, est ending.
Your hi-fi is smaller.
Emma needs a bigger computer.
This is the nicest colour.
This room is the warmest.
*ut we use more, most )efore words ending in ed.
Everyone was pleased at the results, but ic!y was the most pleased.
We also use more, most with three(sylla)le adjectives (e.g. ex-cit-ing) and with longer
ones.
The film was more exciting than the boo!.
This dress is more elegant.
"e did the most interesting pro#ect.
This machine is the most reliable.
$ome two(sylla)le adjectives have er, est, and some have more, most. &oo+ at this
information.
WO($,&&A*&# A-.#C!"#$
/. Words ending in a consonant 0 y have er, est, e.g. happy $ happier, happiest.
#1amples are2 busy, dirty, easy, funny, happy, heavy, lovely, luc!y, pretty, silly, tidy
3. $ome words have er, est OR more, most, e.g. narrow narrower, narrowest OR
more narrow, most narrow
#1amples are2 clever, common, cruel, %entle, narrow, pleasant, polite, &uiet, simple,
stupid, tired
4. he following words have more, most, e.g. useful $ more useful, most useful.
a. Words ending in ful or less, e.g. careful, helpful, useful' hopeless
). Words ending in in% or ed, e.g. borin%, willin%' annoyed, surprised
c. Many others' e.g. afraid, certain, correct, ea%er, exact, famous, foolish, fre&uent,
modern, nervous, normal, recent
C. Spelling
here are some special spelling rules for the er and est endings.
/. e (5 er, est, e.g. nice () nicer, nicest, lar%e () lar%er, lar%est.
Also brave, fine, safe, etc
3. y-) ier, iest after a consonant' e.g. happy -) happier, happiest.
Also lovely, luc!y, pretty, etc
4. Words ending in a single vowel letter 0 single consonant letter (5 dou)le the
consonant
e.g. hot -) hotter, hottest, bi% -) bi%%er, bi%%est.
Also fit, sad, thin, wet, etc ()ut w does not change' e.g. new (5 newer)
D. The comparison of advers
$ome adver)s have the same form as an adjective' e.g. earl!, fast, hard, high, late, long,
near.
hey form the comparative and superlative with er, est.
*an+t you run faster than that,
-ndrew wor!s the hardest.
6ote also the spelling of earlier and earliest.
Many adver)s are an adjective 0 l!, e.g. carefull!, easil!, nicel!, slo"l!.
hey form the comparative and superlative with more, most.
"e could do this more easily with a computer.
.f all the players it was /atthew who planned his tactics the most carefully.
!n informal #nglish we use cheaper, cheapest, louder, loudest, #uic$er, #uic$est and
slo"er, slo"est rather than more cheapl!, the most loudl!, etc.
/elanie reacted the &uic!est.
You should drive slower in fo%.
6ote the forms sooner, soonest and more often, most often.
Try to %et home sooner.
0 must exercise more often.
%. &rregular forms
'ood, "ell, ad, adl! and far have irregular forms.
A-.#C!"#7A-"#R* COMPARA!"# $%P#R&A!"#
%ood1well better best
bad1badly worse worst
far farther1further farthest1furthest
You+ve %ot the best handwritin%.
2ow much further are we %oin%,
We can use elder, eldest 0 noun instead of older, oldest, )ut only for people in the same
family.
/y elder1older sister %ot married last year.
(. Comparing #uantities
We use more, most and their opposites less and least to compare 8uantities.
0 haven+t %ot many boo!s.
You+ve %ot more than 0 have.
The 2otel 3ristol has the most rooms.
Trevor spends less on clothes than 4aura does.
Emma made the least mista!es.

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