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Module # 3 of 15
Multiplication & Division
3
rd
Grade
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Dr. Dragonoskys MathLab
presents
multiplication and division
THIRD GRADE
multiplication
the process of finding the number or quantity (product)
obtained by repeated additions of a specified number or
quantity (multiplicand) a specified number of times
(multiplier): symbolized in various ways (Ex.: 34=12 or
34=12, which means 3+3+3+3=12, to add the number three
together four times)
2
3
6
multiplicand
product
multiplier
Keywords for multiplication
each
a
every
per
Multiplication (base-ten block)
How do we
multiply?
25 X 3 =75
25
25
25
+
+
5 ones
10 ones equal 1 tens.
This makes it 7 tens
7 tens
Multiplication (digit form)
25
3
X
Step 1: Solve the ones
place first. (5 X 3 = 15)
Step 2: Place the ones
place with the ones and
the tens place with the
tens. (5 stays down and 1
groups with the tens
place)
Step 3. Solve the tens
place times 3. (2 X 3 = 6).
Step 4. Add the carry-
over of 1. (6 + 1 = 7)
Step 5: Write 7 as your
tens place.
75
1 = 7 6 +
5 X 3 = 15
2 X 3 = 6
Multiplication (you try)
32
8
X
Step 1: Solve the ones
place first.
Step 2: Place the ones
place with the ones and
the tens place with the
tens.
Step 3. Solve the tens
place times 8.
Step 4. Add the carry-
over of 1.
Step 5: Write the answer
on the bottom.
When do you multiply?
You multiply when you want to put
together groups with the same
amount.
3
3 3 3
+ + +
4 X 3 = 12
multiplication
repeated addition
1
2
3 4
5
6
7 8
There are 2 groups of
4. Therefore, we can
express this as:
2 X 4 = 8 because
4 + 4 = 8 total
If Amy had 3 cats and each one had 4
legs, how could we find how many
legs all the cats had?
=4 legs
=4 legs
=4 legs
=12 legs
+
4 legs
X 3 cats
12 legs
in all
If a crayon box holds 7 crayons,
how many crayons would 2 boxes
hold?
2 boxes
7 crayons
14 crayons
X
multiplication
array
5
hotdogs
in each
column
3 columns. That is 3 sets of 5. I can add 5 + 5 + 5
OR I could say 3 X 5.
Multiplication facts
SKIP COUNTING
Zero pattern
0 times any number is 0
0 X 0 = 0
0 X 1 = 0
0 X 2 = 0
0 X 3 = 0
0 X 4 = 0
0 X 5 = 0
0 X 6 = 0
0 X 7 = 0
0 X 8 = 0
0 X 9 = 0
Ones Pattern
1 times any number
is the same number
1 x 3 = 3
1 x 7 = 7
1 x 4 = 4
1 x 1 = 1
1 x 2 = 2
1 x 9 = 9
COUNT
BY 2S
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
COUNT
BY 3S
3
6
9
12
15
18
21
24
27
30
COUNT
BY 3S
4
8
12
16
20
24
28
32
36
40
COUNT
BY 5S
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
COUNT
BY 6S
6
12
18
24
30
36
42
48
54
60
COUNT
BY 7S
7
14
21
28
35
42
49
56
63
70
COUNT
BY 8S
8
16
24
32
40
48
56
64
72
80
COUNT
BY 9S
9
18
27
36
45
54
63
72
81
90
COUNT
BY 10S
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
COUNT
BY 11S
11
22
33
44
55
66
77
88
99
110
Lets practice
Dont forget to
count how
many rows
are there AND
how many
checkers are
there in EACH
row?
Do you need the
information about
the number of
bedrooms?
Always answer
what is being
asked.
It will help if you
draw the number
of girls and the
number of boys
first. Then, write
down how many
books each person
have.
Remember
count how many
groups there are.
Then, count how
many are there in
each group.
Multiplication involves sets
of objects. Can you write a
multiplication problem for
these sets?
I think
you can
do it!
5 sets of 2 each
5 X 2 =10
3 sets of 4 each
3 X 4 = 12
3 sets of 3 each
3 X 3 = 9
4 sets of
2 each
4 X 2 = 8
6 sets of 3 each
3 X 6 = 18
5 sets of 4 each
5 X 4 = 20
Congratulations!!!
Job Well Done, and we will see you again soon
in
division
splitting into parts: the act of separating or splitting
something into parts, or an instance of this
sharing of something: the separation of something into
parts to be shared among people or groups
an operation used to calculate the number of times one
number is contained in another
Repeated subtraction.
10
dividend
5
divisor
2
quotient
Keywords for multiplication
each
a
every
per
When we divide,
we always start
with the number
with the greatest
place value.
Make sure each
set gets the same
amount
Dividing using base-ten block step 1
Dividing using base-ten block
step 2
Therefore, each
set gets 1
hundred block.
Thats how we
got the number 5
on top of our
division equation.
Dividing using base-ten block
step 3
Now, we need to
divide our tens
block equally into
5 sets. That is
not enough! We
will need to move
our tens block
with the ones
block. Now we
have 25 ones
and zero tens.
Dividing using base-ten block
step 4
If we divided our
25 ones into 5
equal sets, we
will then end up
with 5 ones in
each set. Thats
how we got the 5
on the ones
place.
When do you divide?
You divide when you want to know
how much each group should get.
Split it up into 2 equal parts
12 2 = 6
There will be 6 in each group.
division
12 3 = 4 There will be 4
boys in each building.
6 apples split
into 2 equal
groups gives
us 3 apples
per basket.
6 2 = 3
Lets practice
Looks like they
want you to
split these
pictures into 3
posters. Make
sure there are
equal numbers
in each poster.
Are they asking you to
split the apples into 2
groups OR combine the
apples? It is already
together so you can
only split them up.
Read the question
carefully. We need to
find out how much
feathers Bill should put
in each box.
Remember, Lance
has 7 friends. He
want to share 42
peanuts. Use the
drawing provided
to solve for the
answer.
Create Your Own
Write your own division word problems.
Use pictures to make it more clear.
Play division bingo (ask teacher for the
game board).
Use Unifix cube (ask the teacher) and
explore division facts.
Congratulations!!!
Job Well Done, and we will see you again soon
in