UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS General Certificate of Education Ordinary Level

BIOLOGY Paper 1 Multiple Choice

5090/01
May/June 2009 1 hour Multiple Choice Answer Sheet Soft clean eraser Soft pencil (type B or HB is recommended)

Additional Materials:

*0917469523*

READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write in soft pencil. Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid. Write your name, Centre number and candidate number on the Answer Sheet in the spaces provided unless this has been done for you. There are forty questions on this paper. Answer all questions. For each question there are four possible answers A, B, C and D. Choose the one you consider correct and record your choice in soft pencil on the separate Answer Sheet. Read the instructions on the Answer Sheet very carefully. Each correct answer will score one mark. A mark will not be deducted for a wrong answer. Any rough working should be done in this booklet.

This document consists of 20 printed pages.

IB09 06_5090_01/4RP UCLES 2009

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2 1 The diagram shows a plant cell. Which structure controls the passage of substances into and out of the cell?
A D

Which liquid has the highest water potential at atmospheric pressure? A B C D distilled water leaf cytoplasm root hair cell sap soil water

The arrows represent the movement of salts into a root hair cell.
low salt concentration in soil water

high salt concentration in cell

What describes the movement of the salts? A B C D active transport against the concentration gradient active transport down the concentration gradient diffusion against the concentration gradient diffusion down the concentration gradient

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3 4 Four test-tubes containing egg white are incubated for ten minutes at 35 C. Different substances are then added to the four test-tubes. In which test-tube is the egg white first digested? substances added A B C D 5 1 cm3 lipase solution and three drops of sodium hydroxide solution 1 cm3 protease solution and three drops of dilute hydrochloric acid 1 cm3 protease solution and three drops of water 1 cm3 lipase solution and three drops of water

The graph shows the rate of photosynthesis in a pea plant at different light intensities. At which point is carbon dioxide concentration a limiting factor?

high carbon dioxide concentration rate of photosynthesis B 0 0A light intensity C D low carbon dioxide concentration

The apparatus in the diagram is used to investigate whether carbon dioxide is given off by a green plant.

air in

to air pump

potassium hydroxide

clear limewater

Which precaution is not necessary? A B C D enclosing the soil and the pot in a sealed plastic bag placing the plant overnight in the dark before the experiment putting a light-proof cover over the plant during the experiment using fresh limewater

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4 7 The diagram shows the shapes of the cells in a section of a leaf.

3
Which cells contain chloroplasts? A B C D 8 1 and 2 2 only 2 and 3 only 2, 3 and 4

Bread contains dietary fibre, fat, protein and starch. Which substance contributes least to the energy obtained by a person eating the bread? A B C D dietary fibre fat protein starch

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5 9 The diagram shows the position of the teeth in a human jaw.

1 2

Which teeth are found at the positions numbered 1, 2 and 3?

A B C D

1 2 2 3

2 3 1 2

3 2 3 1

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6 10 The diagram shows the human gut.

1 5 2

3 4

Which numbered structures secrete digestive enzymes? A B C D 1, 2, 3 and 4 1, 2, 3 and 6 2, 3, 4 and 5 2, 3, 5 and 6

11 What are the functions of the xylem? carrying sugars A B C D     carrying water     carrying mineral ions     giving support     key = a function of xylem = not a function of xylem

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7 12 Which graph shows the effect of increasing humidity on the transpiration rate of a plant?

transpiration rate

transpiration rate

0 0

humidity C

0 0

humidity D

transpiration rate

transpiration rate

0 0

humidity

0 0

humidity

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8 13 The graph shows pressure changes in the left side of the heart, during a single heart beat.

16 X 12 pressure / kPa key pressure in atrium pressure in ventricle pressure in aorta

0 0.0 0.2 time / s

Between points W and X, are the following valves open or closed? atrio-ventricular A B C D closed closed open open semi-lunar closed open closed open

0.4

0.6

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9 14 The diagram represents a tissue with an adjacent capillary.

1 arterial end of a capillary blood flow

3 venous end of a capillary

Which substances can 1, 2 and 3 represent? 1 A B C D glucose oxygen tissue fluid tissue fluid 2 tissue fluid carbon dioxide glucose oxygen 3 carbon dioxide glucose oxygen carbon dioxide

15 A vein has a wider lumen than an artery. What is the advantage of this? A B C D bringing blood into close contact with the tissues offering less resistance to blood flow preventing back flow of blood resisting high blood pressure from the heart

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10 16 The diagram shows some structures in the thorax.

Which row in the table identifies the structures labelled 1, 2 and 3? 1 A B C D larynx larynx trachea trachea 2 cilia bronchus bronchus cilia 3 bronchus bronchiole bronchiole bronchus

17 A students rate and depth of breathing are measured before exercise and then after exercise. The results are plotted on two graphs showing the volume of air breathed in and out in 12 seconds.
before exercise 5 volume / dm3 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 time / seconds volume of air taken in at each breath 5 volume / dm3 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 time / seconds volume of air taken in at each breath after exercise

After exercise, how much air does the student take in during 12 seconds? A 0.5 dm3 B 1 dm3 C 1.5 dm3 D 8 dm3

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11 18 When yeast cells respire anaerobically, which substance is used and which substances are produced? substance used A B C D alcohol alcohol sugar sugar substances produced carbon dioxide and water lactic acid and water alcohol and carbon dioxide carbon dioxide and water

19 The diagram shows the bones and muscles of the forelimb.

2 1

Which structures and functions are used in the straightening of the forelimb at the elbow joint? type of joint used A B C D ball and socket ball and socket hinge hinge muscle 1 contract relax contract relax muscle 2 relax contract relax contract

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12 20 The diagram shows the human excretory system.

What is the function of X? A B C D to excrete urea to produce urea to produce urine to store urine

21 A person walks from a warm room into a cold one. Which of these reactions occurs first? A B C D cold receptors in the skin are stimulated cooler blood reaches the brain deep arterioles in the skin dilate shivering begins

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13 22 The diagram shows the dorsal view of the central nervous system.
brain

dorsal view

Which structures are visible? A B C D cerebrum, cerebellum, hypothalamus, spinal cord cerebrum, spinal nerves, spinal cord, cerebellum spinal nerves, cerebrum, medulla, pituitary gland spinal cord, medulla, cerebrum, hypothalamus

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14 23 The diagram shows part of a persons nervous system that has been cut at X.

sensory neurone

bee

motor neurone

A bee stings the finger, as shown. What are the effects of this sting on the person? pain felt A B C D no no yes yes arm moved no yes no yes

24 What is an effect of insulin? A B C D decreased cell respiration decreased absorption of glucose by cells increased excretion of glucose increased synthesis of glycogen

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15 25 The diagram shows the human eye in section. There are circular muscles at X and Y.

What happens to the circular muscles at X and Y when the eye focuses on a near object in bright light? X A B C D contract contract relax relax Y contract relax contract relax

26 Which substance is produced during cheese production and what is the effect of this substance on milk proteins? substance produced A B C D acid alcohol acid alcohol effect on milk proteins solidifies digests digests solidifies

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16 27 The table shows some structures found in four different cells. Which cell is from a fungus? cell wall A B C D     cell membrane     nuclear membrane     chloroplasts     key = present = absent

28 A lake in a temperate country has warm summers. It has cool winters from November to March. The graph shows populations of plant and animal plankton during one year.
plant plankton population size animal plankton

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec

time (months)

It was suggested that the plant population decreased due to a fall in water temperature. Into which category does this suggestion fall? A B C D It is a reasonable interpretation of the evidence. It is a restatement of the evidence, not an interpretation. It is contradicted or not supported by the evidence. More evidence is required to support this interpretation.

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17 29 A sparrowhawk eats small birds that feed on caterpillars. Caterpillars feed on plant leaves. Which diagram shows the pyramid of biomass for this food chain?
A B

30 The change of nitrite ion (NO 2 ) to nitrate ion (NO 3 ) takes place by the action of A B C D bacteria in root nodules of leguminous plants. denitrifying bacteria. nitrifying bacteria. nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the soil.

31 Which method will not help to control the transmission of malaria? A B C D draining areas of open water ensuring that sewage does not contaminate water sleeping under a mosquito net spraying ponds and ditches with insecticide

32 Which term is used to describe both of these processes? Process 1 In some towns, empty glass bottles are melted down. The new glass is used to make new bottles. Process 2 Bacteria in the soil break down protein in dead animals and plants. The nitrates released by the bacteria are used by plants. A B C D conservation decomposition pollution recycling

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18 33 The table shows some features of cell division. Which line correctly describes the division of a cell by mitosis? number of chromosomes A B C D halved halved stays the same stays the same number of daughter cells 2 4 2 4 new cells genetically identical to parent cell no yes yes no used in growth no no yes yes

34 The diagram shows some peas that have been left to germinate.

peas on wet cotton wool

peas covered with water

The peas in X germinate. The peas in Y do not germinate. What is the reason for this difference? A B C D The water in Y does not contain enough dissolved carbon dioxide. The water in Y does not contain enough dissolved oxygen. The water in Y does not contain enough nitrates. The water in Y does not let enough light through.

35 When a fetus is in the uterus, what carries oxygen away from the placenta? A B C D the amniotic fluid the amniotic sac the lining of the uterus the umbilical cord

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19 36 The diagram represents three properties of gametes. Which area describes all male gametes of animals?

haploid

A D C

microscopic

mobile

37 Downs syndrome and sickle cell anaemia are both genetic diseases. How are they caused? Downs syndrome A B C D chromosomal mutation chromosomal mutation gene mutation gene mutation sickle cell anaemia chromosomal mutation gene mutation chromosomal mutation gene mutation

38 A couple have three children. The table shows some of the childrens characteristics. child 1 2 3 sex male female male blood group B AB O sickle-cell / normal sickle-cell normal normal

What do the characteristics show? A B C D continuous variation only discontinuous variation only both continuous and discontinuous variation neither continuous nor discontinuous variation

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20 39 A pure-breeding red-flowered plant was crossed with a pure-breeding white-flowered plant. All the plants of the first generation had pink flowers. If the pink flowered plants were self-pollinated and allowed to develop, which percentage of redflowered plants would be expected in the second generation? A 25 % B 60 % C 75 % D 100 %

40 In the leopard, coat colour is controlled by a single gene with two alleles, H and h. There are two varieties - black panthers and spotted leopards. The diagram shows a cross between a spotted leopard and a black panther. All the offspring in the F1 generation were spotted leopards. The results of a cross between two animals of the F1 generation are also shown.

parents

spotted leopard black panther

F1

F2

What are the genotypes of the original two parents? spotted leopard A B C D HH HH Hh hh black panther hh Hh hh HH

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