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HW 9

This document contains a homework assignment for the MIT course 6.002 Circuits and Electronics. The homework has multiple problems involving analyzing circuits containing inductors and capacitors. Problem 9.3 involves a circuit with a switch that can be in three positions and the problems asks the student to determine the inductor current and capacitor voltage as the switch changes positions over time. Problem 9.4 builds on problem 9.3 by asking the student to use concepts of energy conservation to further analyze the circuit.

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131 views3 pages

HW 9

This document contains a homework assignment for the MIT course 6.002 Circuits and Electronics. The homework has multiple problems involving analyzing circuits containing inductors and capacitors. Problem 9.3 involves a circuit with a switch that can be in three positions and the problems asks the student to determine the inductor current and capacitor voltage as the switch changes positions over time. Problem 9.4 builds on problem 9.3 by asking the student to use concepts of energy conservation to further analyze the circuit.

Uploaded by

sean888
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MassachusettsInstituteofTechnology

DepartmentofElectricalEngineeringandComputerScience
6.002Circuits&Electronics
Spring2007
Homework#9
Handout- S07-45
Issued4/12/2007Due4/20/2007
HelpfulReadingforthisHomework:Chapter12.
Exercise 9.1. Find the inductance of the all-inductor network, and the capacitance of the all-capacitor
network,shownbelow.
Exercise 9.2. Each network shownbelow has a non-zero initial state at t = 0 s, as indicated. Find the
networkstatesfort0 s. Hint: whatequivalentresistanceisinparallelwitheachcapacitororinductor,
andwhatdecaytimeresultsfromthiscombination?

Problem9.1. At t= 0 s,thenetworksshownbelowhavezeroinitialstate;theinductorcurrenti(t) and

thecapacitorvoltagev(t) arebothzeroatt= 0 s. Att= 0 s,thecurrentsourceproducesanimpulseof


areaQ,andthevoltagesourceproducesanimpulseofarea.
1
Citeas:AnantAgarwalandJeffreyLang,coursematerialsfor6.002CircuitsandElectronics,Spring2007.
MITOpenCourseWare(http://ocw.mit.edu/),MassachusettsInstituteofTechnology.Downloadedon[DDMonthYYYY].
A Derivethedifferentialequationthatrelatesi(t) toI(t) andv(t) toV(t).Hint:considerusingThevenin
and/orNortonequivalentstosimplifythework.
B Find the inductor current i(t) and the capacitor voltage v(t) at both t = 0
+
s and t = . Feelfree
todeterminethestatesthrougheitherphysicalormathematicalreasoning. However,explainyour
reasoninginanycase.
C Next,ndthetimeconstantbywhicheachstategoesfromitsinitialvalueatt= 0
+
stoitsnalvalue
att= .
D Using the previous results, and without necessarily solving the differential equations directly, con-
structi(t) andv(t) fort0 s.Alternatively,ndi(t) andv(t) byanymeansyouchoose,butbesure
toexplainyourreasoning.
E VerifythatthesolutionstopartDarecorrectbysubstitutingthemintothedifferentialequationsfound
inpartA.
Problem9.2.Thisproblemexaminestherelationbetweentransientresponsesoflinearsystems.
I(t)
i
L
L R
A Find the inductor current i
L
(t) for t 0 s in response to the current step I(t) = I
Step
(t) = I
0
u(t).
Assumethati(0) = 0.
B Findtheinductorcurrenti
L
(t) fort 0 sinresponsetothecurrentstepI(t) = I
Ramp
(t) = I
0
tu(t).
Again,assumethati(0) = 0.
d
C ThestepinputcanbeconstructedfromtherampinputaccordingtoI
Step
(t) =

1
dt
I
Ramp
(t).Showthat
theirrespectiveresponsesarerelatedinasimilarmanner. (Note: youcouldhaveusedthisrelation
tosolvepartBgivenyouranswertopartA.)
D WouldtheresultfrompartCholdifi(0) = 0?Whyorwhynot?
Problem9.3.Thenetworkshownatthetopofnextpageincludesaswitchwiththreepositions:A, Band
C.Priortot= 0 s,theswitchisinPositionB,andtheinductorcurrenti(t) andthecapacitorvoltagev(t)
arebothzero.ThevoltagesourceV isconstant.
A At t = 0 the switch moves to Position A, and it remains there until t = T
1
. Find i(t) and v(t) for
0 tT
1
.
B Att = T
1
theswitchmovestoPositionC withoutinterruptingthecurrenti(t), and it remains there
untili(t) goestozero,atwhichtimetheswitchmovesbacktoPositionB.Denethetimeatwhich
i(t) goestozeroast= T
2
.DetermineT
2
,andndbothi(t) andv(t) forT
1
tT
2
.
2
Citeas:AnantAgarwalandJeffreyLang,coursematerialsfor6.002CircuitsandElectronics,Spring2007.
MITOpenCourseWare(http://ocw.mit.edu/),MassachusettsInstituteofTechnology.Downloadedon[DDMonthYYYY].
B
A C
+
L
v(t) V C

i(t)
C TheswitchremainsinPositionBuntilt=T
3
.Findbothi(t)andv(t)forT
2
tT
3
D Att=T
3
theswitchmovesagaintoPositionA,anditremainsthereuntilt=T
4
. Find i(t)andv(t)for
T
3
tT
4
.
E Finally, at t = T
4
theswitchmovestoPositionC, and it remains thereuntili(t) rstgoestozero, at
whichtimetheswitchmovesbacktoPositionB. Dene the time at which i(t)againgoestozeroas
T
5
.DetermineT
5
,andndbothi(t)andv(t)forT
4
tT
5
.
F Sketchandclearlylabeli(t)andv(t)for0tT
5
Problem9.4. ThisproblemiscontinuationofProblem9.3. Itexplorestheuseofenergyconservationto
analyzetheoperationofthenetworkdescribedtherein.
A Determinetheenergystoredintheinductoratt=T
1
.
B Theenergystoredintheinductoratt=T
1
isfullytransferredtothecapacitoratt=T
2
.Usethisfactto
determinev(T
2
).ThisanswershouldmatchyouranswerinpartBofProblem9.3whenthelatteris
evaluatedatt=T
2
.
C Determinetheenergystoredintheinductoratt=T
4
.
D Useenergyconservationtodeterminetheenergystoredinthecapacitoratt=T
5
,andthendetermine
v(T
5
).ThisanswershouldmatchyouranswertopartEofProblem9.3whenthelatterisevaluated
att=T
5
.
E NowlettheswitchmoverepetitivelythroughthecycleofPositionsB toAtoC toB. Assumethatin
eachcycletheswitchremainsinPositionAforthedurationT. Further,assumethatswitchalways
movesfromPositionC toPositionBwheni(t)reacheszero.Assumingthatvandiareinitialzero,
determinevattheendofthen
t
hswitchingcycleintermsofn,C,L,T andV.
3
Citeas:AnantAgarwalandJeffreyLang,coursematerialsfor6.002CircuitsandElectronics,Spring2007.
MITOpenCourseWare(http://ocw.mit.edu/),MassachusettsInstituteofTechnology.Downloadedon[DDMonthYYYY].

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