4

Skill 1 : Sketch the angle for each of the following angle in separate
cartesian planes


a) 520
o








b) 1050
o

d) t
2
7
rad e) t
3
10
rad

f) 135
o







g)
o
430
h) rad
4
t
i) t
2
7



Skill 2 : Understand and use the six trigonometric functions of any angle

r =
2 2
y x + .

r
y
= u sin
u
u
sin
1
cos = ec

r
x
= u cos ,
u
u
cos
1
sec =

y
x
= u tan
u
u
sin
1
cos = ec


Skill 3 : Find values of the six trigonometric functions of any angle


1. Given sin 45
o
= 0.707 and cos 45
o
= 0.707
Find the value of


tan 45
o
=


cot 45
o
=


sec 45
o
=


cosec 45
o
=

2. Given sin t
3
2
= 0.866 and cos t
3
2
= 0.5 .
Find the value of

tan t
3
2
=

cot t
3
2
=

sec t
3
2
=

cosec t
3
2
=

y

y
x
x
u
u
tan
1
cot =

y
y
5

3. Given sin 15
o
= 0.259 and cos15
o
= 0.966 ,
Find the value of


tan 15
o
=


cot 15
o
=

sec 15
o
=

cosec 15
o
=


4. Given sin t
3
4
= 0.866 and cos t
3
4
= 0.5
Find the value of

tan t
3
4
=
sec t
3
4
=
cot t
3
4
=
cosec t
3
4
=


5 : Given that sin u =
13
5
,
o o
270 0 < < u Find the value of each the following trigonometric
function without using a calculator
















6. Given that cos u =
13
12
,
o o
360 180 < < u . Find the value of each the following trigonometric
function without using a calculator














From diagram:

sin u =
13
5
cos u = tan u =




a) cot u =







b) cosec u =






c) sec u =

5
12
13

From diagram:

cos u =
13
12
sin u = tanu =




a) cotu =







b) cosecu =

c) secu =

Homework Text
book Page 122
Exercise 5.
6
Skill 4 : Solving trigonometric equations

.:











Skill 4.1 : Solve each of the following trigonometric equation for
o o
360 0 s s u

1.

a. cos u = 0.9063

S1: cos u has a negative value in the second
and third quadrants.

S2 : the reference angle = 25
0

S4: u = 180
0
25
0
,

180
0
+

25
0

= 155
0
, 205
0

2.
Cos u = 0.6428










[130
o
,230
o
]
3. tan u = 0.5










[26
o
34', 206
o
34']
4.
tan 2u = 1 .732










[30
o
,120
o
,210
o
,300
o
]
5. 2tanu = 3









[ 56
o
19', 236
o
19'
FOLLOW THE STEP BELOW;

S1 : From the sign of the trigonometric ratio, determine the quadrants in which angle lie

S2 : Without considering the sign of the trigonometric ratio, find the reference angle
using calculator

S3 : Sketch the reference angle in the quadrants

S4 : Determine all the possible solutions in the given range of the angles

25
0
25
0
S3
7

6
.cos 2u =
2
1












[ 30
o
,150
o
,210
o
,330
o
]

7. tan (u + 60
o
) = 1











[ 75
o
, 240
o
]

8
. tan ( u
2
1
15
o
) = 0.8687










[ 111
0
58']

9. 2 tan3u = 1










[51
o
7',111
o
7',171
o
7',231
o
9',291
o
9',513
o
9']

Homework Text book Page 123 Exercise 5.2 No 14 20 . Further Practice Text Book Page 124 No 21 - 30


Skill 4.2 : Solve each of the following trigonometric equation for
o o
360 0 s s u

1. sin u = cos 48
o
















[ 222
o
, 318
o
]
2. 5 cosu sinu = cosu















[11
o
32', 168
o
,28',90
o
,270
o
]
3. 2sinu = cosu















[ 26
o
34', 206
o
34']

8
Skill 4.3 : Solve each of the following trigonometric equation for
o o
360 0 s s u


1. (1 + sin x)(cos
2
x ) = 0












[ 270
o
,225
o
]

2. 6 sin x + cosec x = 5












[19
o
28', 160
o
32' , 30
o
, 150
o
]

3. 2 tan x 1 = cot x












[ 153
o
26', 333
o
,26',45
o
]

Skill 4.4 : Solve each of the following trigonometric equation for
o o
360 0 s s u


1. 2kos
2
x + 5 cos x - 3 = 0











[60
o
,300
o
]

2. 3sin x = tan x











[ 0
o
,70
o
40',289
o
20' ]

3. 2 tan
2
x + tan x 3 = 0











[ 45
o
,12' 303 ]

Homework Text book Page 123 Exercise 5.2 No 14 20 Further Practice Text Book Page 124 No 21 - 30

1. Given sin x =
3
p
where x is a acute
angle. Express cot x in terms of p











[
p
p
2
9
]

2. Solve the equation 4 tan
2
x = 1
for 90
o
< x < 360
o














[26
o
34,153
o
26,206
o
43 , 333
o
26 ]
3. Solve the equation for 0
o
<u < 360
o

2 )
3
cos( )
3
( cos 6
2
=
t
u
t
u













[11.8
o
,108.2
o
180
o
, 300
o
]
9
Skill 5 : Sketch graphs of trigonometric functions:

y = c + a sin bx,
y = c + a cos bx,
y = c + a tan bx,
where a, b and c are constants and b>0.

Skill 5.1 : Sketch graphs of trigonometric functions

y = a sin x





















y = a cos x




















y = a tan x






















y = sin bx






















10


y = cos bx

















y = tan bx

















y = | sin x |


















y = | cos x |

















y = sin x

















y = cos x


















11

y = sin x + 1
















y = sin x 1
















Skill 5.2 : Determine the number of solutions to a trigonometric equation using sketched graphs.


1. Sketch the graph of y = 3 sin 2x for 0 x 360.
Determine the number of solution to the equation
3 sin 2x + 2
2
1
x = 0




2. Sketch the graph of y = tan x x for 0 x 2t .
Determine the number of solution to the equation
tan x = 3
3
1
+ x = 0












3. Sketch the graph of y = 3 cos2x for 0 x 360.
Determine the number of solutions to the equation
3t cos2x 2x = 0







4. Sketch the graph of y = 12sin x for 0 x 2t .
Hence , draw a suitable straight line on the same axis
to find the number of solutions to the equation
x x 3 sin 2 = t t , for 0 x 2t . State the number of
solutions.











Homework Text book Page 130 Exercise 5.3 N0 1 10
12
Skill 6 : Basic identities.


1. sin
2
x + cos
2
x = 1

2. sec
2
x =1 + tan
2
x

3. cosec
2
x = 1 + cot
2
x

4. tan x =
x
x
cos
sin

5. sec x =
x cos
1

6 cosec x =
x sin
1

7. cot x =
x
x
x sin
cos
tan
1
=


Guide to proving trigonometric identities

1. Choose either right or left - hand side

2. Use Basic Identities.or / and Six
Trigonometri Ratio





Skill 6.1 : Prove each of the following trigonometric identities


a) cos
2
x sin
2
x = 12sin
2
x












b) cot x cos x = cosec x sin x

c) sin y + cos
2
y cosec y = cosec y

d) tan
2
xsin
2
x = tan
2
x sin
2
x












e) tan x + cot x = cosec x sec x
f) y
y y
2
sec 2
sin 1
1
sin 1
1
=

+
+










Homework Text book Page 134 Exercise 5.4 No 1 2

Basic Identities.
Six Trigonometri Ratio
13
Skill 6.2 : Solve trigonometric equations using basic identities.


a) 5 sin
2
x 2 = 2 cos x












[53.13
o
180
o
, 306.87
o
]

b) 4 cos x 3 cot x = 0












[48.59
o,
90
o,
131.41
o
,270
o
]

c) tan
2
x +8 = 7 sec x












[ 48
o
11' , 60
o
,300
o
, 311
0
49' ]

Homework Text book Page 134 Exercise 5.4 No 3 7

SPM Questions


a) Solve the equation 6 cos x = 1 + 2sec x
for
o
x 360 0 s s














[48
o
11,120
o
,240
o
, 311
o
49 ]
b) Solve the equation 2cosec
2
x = 7 +
x tan
3

for
o
x 360 0 s s














[21
o
48 , 135
o
,201
o
48 ,315
o
]

c) Solve the equation 4 cos x = 3 cosec x
for
o
x 360 0 s s









[30
o
,60
o
,210
o
, 240
o
]

d) Solve the equation 5 tan x cot y= sec y
for
o
y 360 0 s s









[30
o
,150
o
,240
o
, 199
o
28, 340
o
32 ]
14
Skill 7 : Addition formulae and double-angle

Addition and double Angle Formulae


Addition Formulae

B A B A B A sin cos cos sin ) sin( =
B A B A B A sin sin cos cos ) cos( =
B A
B A
B A
tan tan 1
tan tan
) tan(

=




Double angle Formulae

sin 2A = 2sin A cos A

cos 2A = cos
2
A - sin
2
A
= 1 - 2sin
2
A
= 2cos
2
A -1

tan 2A =
A
A
2
tan 1
tan 2

Half-angle formulae.

sin A = 2sin
2 2
A
kos
A

cos A =
2
sin
2
cos
2 2
A A

=

=
tan A =
2
tan 1
2
tan 2
2
A
A

Skill 7.1 : Find the value of addition and double angle


3. Given tan A =
12
5
, cot B =
3
4
where A and
B are acute angle. Find the value each of
the following without using calculator

a) sin (A B) b) tan 2B
c) cos (A+B) d) tan
2
A


Sketches




















2. Given sin A =
13
12
, cos B =
5
4
where A
and B are obtuse angle .Without using
calculator find the value of

a) cos (A B) b) tan (A + B)

Sketches





















15
Skill 7.2 : Prove trigonometric identities using addition formulae and/or double-angle formulae


a) cot x cosec 2x = cot 2x


















b) sin 2x =
x
x
tan
2 cos 1


















c) 2 cot 2x + tan x = cot x














Homework Text book Page 134 Exercise 5.5 No 8 10


Skill 7.3 : Solve trigonometric equation using addition formulae and/or double-angle formulae


a) 3 sin 2x = 2sin x





















[ 70
o
32',180
o
,289
o
28' ]

b) 3 cos 2x 7kos x = 5





















[48
o
11' , 60
o
,300
o
,311
o
49' ]

c) tan 2x = 10 tan x






















[41
o
49',138
o
11',180
o
,221
o
49', 318
o
11' ]
16
SPM Questions


1. Given 3 tan 2x = 4 for
o o
x 180 90 s s .
Find the value of sin
2
x










[ Ans 4/ 5]

2. Given sin (x y) =
2
1
and cos x sin y =
4
3

Find the value each of the following

i) sin x cos y ii) sin (x + y)

3. Prove that 2 cot 2x + tan x = cot x
















4. Given tan u =
3
1
without using calculator find the
value of

(i) tan 2u
(ii) tan (135
o
u ) [SPM 93]










4
3
, - 2

5. Given u is a acute angle and sinu = p
express each of the following in term of
p [ SPM 94]

(i) tanu
(ii) cos(u )
(iii) cos 2u








2
1 P
P

,
2
1 P , 1-2p
2


6. Solve each of the following for
o o
270 90 s s |
[ SPM 95 ]

i) 1 tan 2
2
= |
ii) 2 3 0 2 cos sin = | |










(a) 144
0
44,215
0
16 (b) 90
0
, 150
0

17

7. Given sinu = k where u is a acute
Angle, find

i) sin u 2 in term of k
ii) the positive value of k if cos 2u = k
[ SPM 98 ]









8. Show tan
2 os os 1
sin 2 sin
=
+ +
+
c c
[ SPM 97]



9. Solve the equation
4sin (x t ) cos (x t ) = 1 for
t 2 0 s s x [ SPM 97 ]










t t
12
5
1 ,
12
1
1




10. Given tan 2y =
12
5
where
o o
y 180 90 s s . Find
the value of cos
2
y [ SPM 97 ]











26
1


11. Prove that
tan
2
x cot
2
x = sec
2
x cosec
2
x
[ SPM 98 ]











12. Draw the graph of y = 2 x
2
cos
t
, for 0 x 3.
Hence , draw a suitable straight line on the same axis
to find the values of x satisfying the equation
x
2
cos
t
+
4
1
= 0 for 0 x 3. [ SPM 98 ]







1.15 and 2.85

Homework SPM 2000 - 2009