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Numerical Problem:: A Concrete Gravity Dam Has The Following Dimensions

1) The document provides dimensions and other information about a concrete gravity dam, including uplift pressures and densities. 2) It asks to calculate maximum vertical stresses, principal stress, and intensity of shear stress at the toe of the dam, and to check stability. 3) The summary outlines the key steps taken to solve the problems, including determining forces, moments, eccentricity, and safety factors against sliding and overturning. The dam is found to be safe under the given conditions.

Uploaded by

Muhammad Umer Arshad
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3K views13 pages

Numerical Problem:: A Concrete Gravity Dam Has The Following Dimensions

1) The document provides dimensions and other information about a concrete gravity dam, including uplift pressures and densities. 2) It asks to calculate maximum vertical stresses, principal stress, and intensity of shear stress at the toe of the dam, and to check stability. 3) The summary outlines the key steps taken to solve the problems, including determining forces, moments, eccentricity, and safety factors against sliding and overturning. The dam is found to be safe under the given conditions.

Uploaded by

Muhammad Umer Arshad
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Numerical problem:

A concrete gravity dam has the following dimensions:


Max water level = 305 m Bed level of river = 225 m Crest level = 309 m D/S face slope starts at 300 m D/S Slope= 2:3 C/L of drainage galleries at 8m d/s of u/s face Uplift pressures: at Heal = 100 % at Toe = 0% at drainage gallery = 50 %

Numerical problem:

Density of concrete = 2400 kg/m3 (mtons/m3) No tail water Consider self weight, hydrostatic pressure and uplift pressure

Calculate:
Max. vertical stresses at heal and toe of the dam. Major principal stress at toe of dam and intensity of shear stress on horizontal plane near the toe. Check the stability of dam for the given conditions

Numerical problem:
12m 309 m W.L 305 m 300 m 8m 2 3

B.L. 225 m

Solution
Determine width of crest, Wc=?
309 m W.L 305 m

12m

Wc = Height of Dam Wc = 309 225 = 84 = 9.16 12


Determine the weight of Dam
84m

300 m 80m P B.L. 225 m 1/3*80=26.67m 12m heal 50m 56m 33.33m toe 8m W1 2 3

75m

W2

W 1 = 12 84 2400 / 1000 = 2419.2 tons


Acting 56m from toe

1 W 2 = 75 50 2400 / 1000 2 = 4500 tons


Acting 33.33m from toe

Determine the hydrostatic pressure


12m

P = wh2 / 2 1 2 = 1 (305 225) 2 = 3200 tons


Acting 26.67m from BL in horizontal direction where
84m 80m P

309 m W.L 305 m 300 m 2 8m B.L. 225 m 1/3*80=26.67m 12m heal 56m 33.33m 50m toe W1 3

75m

W2

w = 1000kg / m 3 = 1 mton / m 3

Determine the uplift pressure The uplift pressure without drainage galleries is represented by dash line. However, the drainage galleries control the pressure distribution and in present problem, the uplift pressure at drainage gallery is given 84m as 50% of total uplift pressure
12m 309 m W.L 305 m 300 m h=80m 2 3

8m P The uplift pressure at the heal is taken equal to heal of water. i.e., wh W1 B.L. 225 m wx80 While at the drainage gallery it is 1/3*80=26.67m 50% of wx80. i.e., wx40 And at the toe it becomes zero as heal 12m there is no tail water.

75m

W2

50m

toe

where
100%=wh

h=80m w=1000kg/m3=1mton/m3

50%=0.5wh With drainage galleries Without drainage galleries

Determine the uplift forces

12m 309 m W.L 305 m 300 m 84m 80m P B.L. 225 m 1/3*80=26.67m heal 12m U1 50m U3 58 m 36 m 59.33 m toe 8m W1 2 3 75m

U 1 = 0.5 w h 8 = 0.5 1 80 8 = 320 ton


Acting 58m from toe

U 2 = 0.5(0.5 w h ) 8

= 0.5(0.5 1 80 ) 8 = 160 ton

W2

Acting 59.33m from toe

U 3 = 0.5(0.5 w h ) (50 + 4 )
Acting 36m from toe

= 0.5(0.5 1 80 ) 54 = 1080 ton


100%=wh

Net uplift forces

50%=0.5wh U2

U = U1 + U 2 + U 3 = 320 + 160 + 1080 = 1560 ton

Determine the eccentricity and position of resultant

12m 309 m

B e = x , where, x = 2

M V
P

W.L 305 m 300 m 80m 8m B.L. 225 m 1/3*80=26.67m heal 100%=wh 50%=0.5wh U2 36 m 59.33 m 12m U1 50m U3 58 m toe W1 2 3

B is the based width of dam=62m 84m

V = Total vertical forces


= W 1 + W 2-U = 4500-2419.2-1560 = 5359.2 ton M = Total moment at toe

75m

W2

= W 1 56 + W 2 33.33 -U 1 58 U 2 59.33 U 3 36 P 26.67 = 133183.4 ton m


position of resultant

x=

133183.4 = 24.85m 5359.2

Determine the eccentricity and position of resultant

12m 309 m

B e = x , where, x = 2

M V
84m P

W.L 305 m 300 m 80m 8m B.L. 225 m 1/3*80=26.67m heal 12m U1 50m U3 58 m 36 m 59.33 m toe W1 2 3

x=

133183.4 = 24.85m 5359.2 B 62 e= x = 24.85 2 2 e > B/6 = 6.15m


B 6 B 6 e

75m

W2

B 3

B = 10.33m 3

B 3

100%=wh 50%=0.5wh

If e > B / 6 tension will develop ! Dam is unsafe again tension. Size of dam can be increased to enhance stability

U2

Note: The resultant must pass through the middle third

Determine the compressive stress at toe and heal of dam Normal compressive stress at toe
309 m W.L 305 m

12m

V 6e Pmax = 1 + B B 5359.2 6 * 6.15 = 1 + 62 62 = 137.89ton / m 2


Normal compressive stress at heal

300 m 84m 80m P B.L. 225 m 1/3*80=26.67m heal 100%=wh 50%=0.5wh U2 36 m 59.33 m 12m U1 50m U3 58 m toe 8m W1 2 3 75m

W2

B B 5359.2 6 * 6.15 = 1 62 62 = 34.99ton / m 2


Allowable stress=25 kg/cm2 =250 ton/m2

Pmin

6e V 1 =

Therefore, dam is safe against tension and compression

Determine the Principal stress Principal Stress where


309 m W.L 305 m

12m

= Pn sec 2 P tan 2
84m

300 m 80m P B.L. 225 m 1/3*80=26.67m heal toe 8m W1 2 3

Pn = P =

Normal stress at toe Normal stress at toe due to tail water=0

75m

W2

Principal Stress

Pn

= Pn sec P tan
2 2

= 137.89 1.44 = 199.16ton / m 2


Intensity of shear stress at toe

= (Pn P) tan 2 = 137.89 (2 / 3) 2 = 61.28ton / m 2

Note

sec 2 = 1 + tan 2

Determine Stability against sliding of dam


309 m

12m

(W U ) tan FOS =
P

W.L 305 m 300 m 84m 80m P B.L. 225 m 1/3*80=26.67m heal toe 8m W1 2 3 75m

where, = tan 0.8 FOS = 0.8 5359.2 / 3200 FOS = 1.3 > 1
It ranges from 1.0~3 Dam is safe against sliding

W2

Pn

Determine Stability against Overturning

12m 309 m W.L 305 m 300 m

FOS =

Stabilizing moment Overturning moment


84m

80m P B.L. 225 m 8m W1

75m

W2

Taking moment at toe of dam

1/3*80=26.67m heal 12m U1 50m U3 58 m 36 m 59.33 m toe

W 1 56 + W 2 33.33 U 1 59.33 + U 2 59.33 + U 3 36 + P 26.67 FOS = 1.87 > 1.5 FOS =


It ranges from 1.5~2.5 Dam is safe against overturning

U2

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