7 Advanced Editing Techniques

Finishing a project can mean ne-tuning edits while preserving the duration of individual clips and the overall program. The techniques covered in this lesson will help prepare you for the detailed editing needed to polish a project.

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Now, youll complete the introductory segment for a documentary on glassblowing that you started in the previous lesson. This segment must be kept to a nished length of 60 seconds. In editing this segment, youll learn the following techniques:

Removing frames using the Extract and Lift buttons. Pasting a clip using the Paste Custom command. Using the slip and slide tools to adjust edits. Editing in the Trim View. Changing a clips rate.

Getting started
For this lesson youll open an existing project with all of the necessary les imported. Make sure you know the location of the les used in this lesson. Insert the Classroom in a Book CD-ROM disk if necessary. For help, see Copying the Classroom in a Book les on page 4. 1 Restore the Adobe Premiere 6.5 default preferences as you have in previous lessons. Then, launch the Premiere 6.5 software and choose Single-Track Editing mode. 2 In the Load Project Settings dialog box, choose DV - NTSC Real-Time Preview > Standard 32kHz, and click OK. 3 Choose Edit > Preferences > General and Still Image and deselect Open Movies in Clip Window if it is selected. Click OK. 4 Double-click 07Lesson.ppj in the 07Lesson folder that you copied to your hard disk to open it in Premiere. 5 If necessary, rearrange windows and palettes so they dont overlap, by choosing Window > Workspace > Single-Track Editing. 6 Choose File > Save As, open the folder on your hard disk where you have saved your lessons, type Glass2.ppj, and press Enter (Windows) or Return (Mac OS).

Viewing the nished movie

To see what youll be creating, take a look at the nished movie. 1 Choose File > Open and double-click the 07Final.mov le in the Final folder, inside the 07Lesson folder.

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The movie opens in the Source view in the Monitor window. 2 Click the Play button ( ) to view the movie. When the movie ends, the nal frame will remain visible in the Source view in the Monitor window.

Viewing the assembled project

Lets take a look at the project as it has been assembled so far. Because there are no transitions, lters, or other effects used in this project, you do not need to generate a preview le to view the project. You can preview with Real-Time playback or by scrubbing. Note: This project is a continuation of the project you worked on in Lesson 6, Additional Editing Techniques. The project you just opened reects the tasks covered in Lesson 6 with several clips added. 1 Ensure that the edit line is at the beginning of the Timeline. To do this, make sure the Timeline window is active and that no clips are selected. Then, do one of the following:

Press the Home key, if your computer keyboard has one. Drag the edit line in the Timeline ruler all the way to the left to the start of the Timeline. In the Navigator palette, drag the green current view rectangle all the way to the left. In the Program view, timecode entry box, type 0 and press Enter/Return.
2 To view the project, click the Play button ( ) under the Program view in the Monitor window. The project plays in the Program view. Although the assembled project looks much like the nal movie you viewed at the beginning of this lesson, you may notice some small problems that could be solved by further editingsuch as correcting a cut where the action is not synchronized. Youll also make some changes to improve the look of the project; for example, youll add a close-up to show detail. In this lesson, youll use some editing tools that are especially useful for ne-tuning a project. Much of this lesson deals with editing techniques that tune edits to match action while preserving the length or duration of clips.

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Understanding the extract and lift functions

Premiere 6.5 provides two methods for removing a range of frames or a gap from the Timeline: extracting and lifting.
Extracting removes frames from the Timeline, closing the gap like a ripple deletion. These frames can be within a single clip or can span multiple clips, but it is important to understand that extracting removes the selected range of frames from all unlocked tracks. You can also extract a gap from the Timeline. This feature works only with a range of frames that have been marked with In and Out points in the Program view.

Frames are marked in the Program view with In and Out points (A). The marked portion of the program is deleted and the gap is closed up (B).

Lifting Removes a range of frames from the Timeline, leaving a gap. The frames removed can be within a single clip or can span multiple clips and are removed only from the target track. As in extracting, you select the frames you want to remove by setting In and Out points in the Program view in the Monitor window. The Lift button does not affect the duration of the other clips in the Timeline.

Frames are marked in the Program view with In and Out points (A). The marked portion of the program is deleted, leaving a gap (B).

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Removing frames with the Extract button

Here, youll use the extract feature to remove some camera movement in the middle of the Top.mov clip. Extracting the frames will split the clip into two separate clips.

Top.mov before (A) and after (B) extracting frames

To begin, youll set In and Out points in the Program view to dene the portion of Top.mov you want to extract from the Timeline. But rst youll use the Locate Clip command to nd Top.mov in the Timeline. 1 Select Top.mov in the Project window and choose Edit > Locate Clip. Premiere selects the clip in the Timeline and displays the Find Next Clip dialog box. Click Done. 2 Playback in real-time or scrub in the Timeline ruler to preview Top.mov. Note the camera movement near the beginning of the clip. Leave the edit line where the movement starts.

3 Under the Program view, use the controls to locate the frame just before the sphere and the camera start moving (at 35:12).

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4 In the Program view, click the Mark In button ( ) to set the In point for the frames you will extract.

5 Find the frame in which the camera has stopped moving, the image is in focus, and the tool doesnt obscure the sphere (at 42:10). 6 Click the Mark Out button ( ) to set the Out point.

7 To prevent deletion of the audio, lock the Audio 1 and Audio 2 tracks by clicking once in the box to the right of the speaker icon on the left of each track label in the Timeline so the lock icon appears.

Now, youll extract the frames youve just marked. 8 In the Program view in the Monitor window, click the Extract button (
).

The portion of Top.mov that you previously marked is now removed. This step breaks Top.mov into two clips. The gap in the track is closed, shortening the program.

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9 Preview the video you just edited.

10 Save the project. To turn off audio previewing temporarily, make audio tracks shy by clicking the speaker icon ( ) at the left edge of any audio track that contains audio clips.

Removing frames with the Lift button

Youll use the Lift button in the Program view in the Monitor window to remove the middle portion of Closeup1.mov, making two clips. Youll set the In and Out points to keep specic frames in the two remaining clips. Later, youll ll the gap with a similar scene taken from a different point of view with a second camera.

Closeup1.mov before (A) and after (B) lifting frames

First, youll dene the range of frames you want to remove. 1 In the lower left corner of the Timeline window choose 2 Seconds from the Time Zoom Level pop-up menu. Alternatively, use the Navigator palette to obtain the 2 Seconds position. Now youll locate Closeup1.mov in the Timeline window. 2 Select Closeup1.mov in the Project window, choose Edit > Locate Clip, and click Done. Premiere selects the clip in the Timeline. 3 Playback in Real-Time or scrub in the Timeline ruler to preview Closeup1.mov.

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4 Use the controls under the Program view to locate the point several seconds before the molten glass meets to form a circle (at 55:28). This is where youll cut to a new scene. Click the Mark In button ( ) to set the In point in Closeup1.mov.

5 Use the controls under the Program view in the Monitor window to nd the frame just before the glob of molten glass meets the left edge of the frame (at 56:27). This is where youll cut back to this scene. Click the Mark Out button ( ) to set the Out point.

Now that youve dened the range of frames you want to remove, youll lift this range of frames from the Timeline. 6 In the Program view in the Monitor window, be sure the V1 track is shown as the target, then click the Lift button.

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The portion of Closeup1.mov that you marked is removedleaving the other clips in the track undisturbed and preserving the programs duration. In the next exercise, youll use Paste commands to ll this gap.

To prevent confusion, lets give a new name, or alias, to the fragment of Closeup1.mov to the right of the gap. Note: Giving an alias to an instance (a copy of a clip in the Timeline) doesnt affect the master clip in the Project window or other instances of the clip. 7 Select the second fragment of Closeup1.mov and choose Clip > Set Clip Name Alias.

8 When prompted, type Closeup2 (Windows) or Closeup2.mov (Mac OS) and click OK. 9 Save the project.

Pasting into a gap

You can rearrange existing clips in the Timeline by cutting and pasting. If you simply paste a clip, Premiere inserts it at a selected area in the Timeline by either trimming the clips Out point to allow it to t into a gap between two other clips or placing the entire

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clip. If you want another result, you can control exactly what happens to the clips at the edit point when you paste. This kind of control is most useful when you are pasting a clip of one duration into a selected space of a different duration. If you have applied settings to a clip and want to use the same settings in another clip, you can easily copy the settings. For example, you might want to apply identical color correction to a series of clips captured in the same session. There are a number of ways to insert material into a gap in the project, including using 3-point and 4-point edits. Before pasting the copy into the gap, youll need to determine which of the four points involved in this procedure can be moved without negatively affecting the edit. Because you want to use frames near the end of this clip, moving the In point in the copy makes the most sense in this case. The position of this new In point is not critical here; youll ne-tune it later. Premiere adjusts the duration of this clip to t the gap when you paste it. In this exercise, youll use Paste Custom to paste a copy of Medium1.mov into the gap you just created with the Lift button. Medium1.mov, Closeup1.mov, and Closeup2 contain the same scene shot with two cameras.

The gap between Closeup1.mov and Closeup2.mov before (A) and after (B) pasting a copy of Medium1.mov into the gap (C)

Now, youll make a clip t into a selected space when you paste it. 1 In the Timeline, select Medium1.mov, and then choose Edit > Copy. 2 Using the selection tool, select the gap created when you lifted a portion of Closeup1.mov.

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3 Choose Edit > Paste to Fit.

4 When the Fit Clip dialog box appears, click one of the following options:

Click Change Speed to slow down or speed up the clip to t it into the designated space. Click Trim Source to adjust the duration to t by keeping the source In point and setting a new source Out point.
5 Click Edit > Undo Paste to clear the gap to use another method for pasting a clip. 6 Use the slider or zoom buttons in the Navigator palette or use the pop-up menu in the lower left of the Timeline window to set the Time Zoom Level to 1 Second. 7 In the Timeline, select Medium1.mov and then choose Edit > Copy. 8 Use the selection tool to select the gap created when you lifted a portion of Closeup1. 9 Choose Edit > Paste Attributes, and make sure that Content is selected. Notice that the selected/default option, Normal (under Content), is shown in animation. 10 From the pop-up menu, select Move Source In Point. An animated representation of the option appears in the Content section to help you determine if the selected option is appropriate.

This option does not change either the gap duration or the Out point of the source clip.

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11 Click Paste to paste the copy of Medium1.mov into the gap.

Now assign an alias to the copy of Medium1.mov you just pasted. 12 Select the copy of Medium1.mov and choose Clip > Set Clip Name Alias. 13 Type Medium2 (Windows) or Medium2.mov (Mac OS) and click OK. 14 Preview the project by using Real-Time playback or by scrubbing in the Timeline ruler. All the clips in the project are now in the proper order and trimmed to about the right length. In the next exercise, youll start ne-tuning some critical edits. 15 Save the project.

Fine-tuning your edits

The remaining exercises in this lesson involve adjusting edits to match the action between scenes. When ne-tuning a project, its often necessary to preserve the duration of a clip or of the entire project. In this project, we want to preserve the duration of Closeup1.mov, Closeup2.mov, and the gap between these clips because well be cutting between scenes shot with two cameras, and well be matching action between those scenes. In the exercises that follow, youll use the slide tool, the slip tool, and the Trim view to put the nishing touches on your project. In the exercises that follow, youll adjust the last three edits, working from left to right.

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To preserve the In and Out points and durations of Closeup1.mov (A) and Closeup2.mov (B), youll rene the last three edits using the slide tool on the rst (C), the slip tool on the second (D), and the Trim view on the third (E), working from left to right.

Understanding the slide and slip tools

Premiere provides two tools for adjusting a clip in the Timeline while preserving its duration: the slide tool and the slip tool.
Slide tool Adjusts the duration of the two clips adjacent to the target clip, while preserving the In and Out points of the selected clip. This tool also preserves the duration of the project. You can think of this as a rolling edit with a clip between the two clips being trimmed. The slide tool also preserves the duration of the selected clip. As you drag the selected clip, the location of the clip moves left or right in the Timeline.

Note: The slide tool can be used only when (and to the extent that) the adjacent clips have been trimmed so that extra frames are available in those clips.

2 A

2 B

3 B

The slide tool preserves the duration of the sliding clip (A) while changing the In or Out points of the adjacent clips (B), but only if those two clips have trimmed frames available.

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Slip tool Adjusts a clips In and Out points while preserving its duration. As you drag in the clip with the slip tool, the clips In point and Out point shift simultaneously in the same direction, while the duration of the clip remains unchanged. You can think of this as slipping the clip one way or the other behind a xed window in the track. The location of the clip in the Timeline does not change.

Note: You can use the slip tool only on trimmed clips so that additional frames are available beyond the current In and Out points.

3 A

The slip tool changes the In and Out points of a clip (A) while preserving its duration, provided the clip has trimmed frames available.

When you hold down the mouse button with either the slide tool or the slip tool selected, the Monitor window changes to show the four critical frames: the last frame of the adjacent clip on the left, the rst and last frames of the selected clip, and the rst frame of the adjacent clip to the right. Note: You cant use the slip and slide tools directly on audio clips. But, when you use the slip and slide tools on video clips, any audio clips linked to those video clips will be adjusted to match the video clips.

Using the slide tool

Youll use the slide tool to match the action in the close-up shot (Closeup1.mov) to the same action in the medium shot (Medium1.mov). Because you want to preserve the In point and Out point of Closeup1.mov, youll trim only the Out point of Medium1.mov. Performing this edit shortens one adjacent clip while extending the other.

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A C

The slide tool will be used to match action at the edit point (A) between Medium1.mov and Closeup1.mov, while preserving the In and Out points and duration of Closeup1.mov (B). The result can be seen in (C).

1 In the Timeline, choose 2 Seconds from the Time Zoom Level pop-up menu. 2 In the Timeline, select the slide tool (
).

3 Position the pointer on Closeup1.mov, and then press and hold down the mouse button. When you hold down the mouse button with the slide tool selected, the view in the Monitor window changes to show critical frames of three clips.

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It displays four frames: the Out point of the adjacent clip on the left (Medium1.mov), the In point and the Out point of the clip under the tool (Closeup1.mov), and the In point of the adjacent clip on the right (Medium2.mov).

While synchronizing the action, youll be comparing the two frames in the left half of the Monitor window.
A B

You can view the edit between Medium1.mov and Closeup1.mov (A) and the edit between Closeup1.mov and Medium2.mov (B). Here, youll x the rst edit (A).

With the mouse button still held down, notice the ash of light on the right edge of Closeup1.mov (the second frame from the left in the Monitor window). You want to synchronize this ash with the corresponding ash in Medium1.mov.

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4 Drag left in the Timeline to trim Medium1.mov until you see the ash in the rst frame (Medium1.mov Out point). This moves the Out point of the Medium1.mov and the In point of the Closeup1.mov earlier in time. The numeric display in the rst frame should show -122, indicating you have moved Closeup1.mov 122 frames earlier. Note: Changing the Time Zoom level may make it easier to obtain precise results. 5 Release the mouse button. Select the selection tool ( ) to deselect the slide tool. When you release the mouse button, Premiere updates the In and Out points for the adjacent clips, displaying the result in the Monitor window and maintaining the Closeup1.mov clip and the program duration. You have changed only the clips position in the Timeline.
A B

Match the action between Medium1.mov (A) and Closeup1.mov (B), ignoring the other two frames.

6 Preview the change. The action in the rst and second frames should match. 7 Save the project.

Using the slip tool

Youll use the slip tool to match the action between Closeup1.mov and Medium2.mov. To do this, youll move the In point of Medium2.mov while preserving the clips duration. The In and Out points of Medium2.mov will appear in the two middle frames in the Monitor window as you use the slip tool.

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A D

Use the slip tool to match action at the edit point (A) between Closeup1.mov (B) and Medium2.mov (C). The tool changes the In and Out points of Medium2.mov while preserving its duration. Adjacent clips, such as Closeup1.mov, are unaffected. The result can be seen in (D).

1 In the Timeline, select the slip tool ( ).

2 Position the pointer on the Medium2.mov clip in the Timeline, and then press and hold down the mouse button.

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As it did when the slide tool was activated, the Monitor window changes, this time showing the Out point of Closeup1.mov, the In and Out points of Medium2.mov, and the In point of Closeup2.mov.
A B

You can see the edit from Closeup1.mov and Medium2.mov (A) and the edit between Medium2.mov and Closeup2.mov (B). Here, youll x the second edit.

3 Drag left until the action in the third frame (the Out point of Medium2.mov) matches the action in the last frame (the In point of Closeup2.mov). The read out boxes will register -43 frames. This creates new Timeline In and Out points that reect footage appearing earlier in the source clip.
A B

Match the action between Medium2.mov (A) and Closeup2.mov (B), ignoring the other two frames.

4 Release the mouse button. The Monitor window changes back to the usual conguration. 5 Select the selection tool ( ) to deselect the slip tool. 6 Preview the change. The action in the third and fourth frames should match. Premiere updates the source In and Out points for the clip, displaying the result in the Monitor window and maintaining the clip and program duration.

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Adjacent clips are unaffected.

7 Chose Edit > Undo Slip to return the Timeline to its status after you used the slide tool. Note: It essential to do this now because you will approach this again in the next exercise. If you dont undo at this time, your nished project will not match the nished movie. 8 Save the project.

Understanding the Trim view

The Trim view is used to trim individual frames on either side of an edit while viewing those frames, so you can view the edit as you work. The Trim view provides the same function as the ripple tool, but it provides ner control and a better view of program material. When you select Trim Mode in the Monitor window, the Source and Program views are replaced by two views in which 1, 3, or 5 frames of adjacent clips are displayed. Both views in the Monitor window represent clips in the programthe left view displays the clip to the left of the edit line, and the right view displays the clip to the right of the edit line. Being able to see frames on either side of the edit line enables you to precisely trim each clip. You can also perform a rolling edit in Trim view. This view is useful for ne-tuning the edit between two clips in which the action must match or for which the timing is critical. The Timeline updates as you perform the edit.

The Trim view provides a frame-by-frame ripple edit function and a view of each clip at the edit point (A).

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Editing in the Trim view

At this point, the action in Medium2.mov and Closeup2.mov is not synchronized because you saved the edit you performed with the slide tool, but did not save the edit you practiced with the slip tool. Now, youll use the Trim view to match the action in these clips so that the action at the Out point of Medium2.mov is the same as at the In point of Closeup2.mov. First, youll trim Medium2.mov to match the action in Closeup2.mov. Then, youll use a rolling edit to move the edit point between them for the most effective edit. The rolling edit preserves the combined duration of the two clips.
B

A C

The Trim view will be used to match action at the edit point (A) between Medium2.mov and Closeup2.mov while preserving the In and Out points and duration of Closeup2.mov (B). The result can be seen in (C).

1 In the controller area under the Program view, use the controls to set the edit line between the last two clips in the program: Medium2 and Closeup2 (at 56:27). 2 In the Monitor window menu, choose Monitor Window Options. 3 Under Trim Mode Options, ensure that the mode on the left is selected; then, click OK. For more information about customizing Trim view options, see Using the Trim view in Chapter 3 of the Adobe Premiere 6.0 User Guide.

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4 Select Trim mode by choosing Trim Mode from the Monitor window menu.

Note: You can also select Trim mode by clicking the Trim Mode button ( ) at the top of the Monitor window. In the Trim view, Premiere displays two frames: the Out point of Medium2.mov on the left and the In point of Closeup2.mov on the right. Youll notice some new buttons in the Trim view.
A B C D E F

L M

A. Outshift B. Trim Left n frames -5 (shift + left arrow) C. Trim Left -1 (left arrow) D. Trim Right +1 (left arrow) E. Trim Right n frames +5 (shift + left arrow) F. Inshift G. Previous Edit H. Set Focus Left I. Set Focus Both J. Set Focus Right K. Next Edit L. Stop M. Play Edit N. Cancel Edit (all edits)

Now youll sync up the action in Closeup2.mov to the matching action in Medium2.mov. When you select one of the views in the Trim view, the color of the timecode below it changes to green. 5 In the Monitor window (which is now in Trim view), click in the left frame (Medium2.mov) to select it and then click the Trim Right n Frames button (+5) and Trim Right button (+1) to adjust Medium2.mov until the action in the Medium2.mov Out point matches that in the Closeup2.mov In point.

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If you go too far, use the Trim Left n Frames button (-5) and Trim Left button (-1) buttons to reverse the trim.

To undo edits made in the Trim view, click the cancel Edit button ( ). The action in both clips is now in sync. Next, youll move the edit between the clips using a rolling edit in the Trim view.

A C

Youll use a rolling edit in the Trim view to move the edit (A) between Medium2.mov and Closeup2.mov while preserving the combined duration of both clips (B). The result can be seen in (C).

Now, youll change the edit to the close-up to show a better look at the instrument pulling away from the rim. 6 In the Monitor window (which is in Trim view), do one of the following:

Click the Set Focus Both button (

).

Position the pointer in the space between the clip windows to activate both the clips to the left and right of the edit line.

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7 Do one of the following:

Perform an interactive rolling edit by dragging the tool icon right until the instrument just starts to pull away. Use the illustration below as a guide.

Click the Trim Left button ( ) to remove one frame from the left clip and add one frame to the clip on the right. Perform a rolling edit numerically by typing a negative number (to move left)or typing a positive number (to move right)in the space between the buttons, and then pressing Enter (Windows) or Return (Mac OS).
8 Scrub in the Timeline ruler to preview the change. Scrubbing automatically exits Trim Mode and returns the Monitor window to its normal view.
Note: You can also exit Trim Mode by choosing Trim Mode from the Monitor window menu

to remove the checkmark from the command. 9 Preview the last four clips.

10 Save the project. For more information about performing a rolling edit in Trim view, see Using the Trim view in Chapter 3 of the Adobe Premiere 6.0 User Guide.

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Changing a clips rate

To polish the end of this project, youll change the frame rate of the last two clips to create a slow motion effect. At the same time, youll use the change in clip duration to make the project duration exactly 60 seconds (1:00)the specied length for this segment of the documentary. To do this, youll use the Clip Speed dialog box to make the Closeup2.mov clip play at exactly one-half speed. Then, youll obtain the required program length. 1 Restore the Monitor window to Dual view. 2 Click the Zoom-in ( ) button in the Navigator palette, or use the Time Zoom Level pop-up menu in the Timeline window, to set the Time Zoom level to 1/2 Second. Then drag the green current view box in the Navigator palette to view Medium2.mov and Closeup2.mov in the Timeline. 3 Click Closeup2.mov and choose Clip > Speed to open the Clip Speed dialog box.

4 To change the rate, type 50 in the New Rate box, and then click OK. Closeup2.mov now plays at one-half speed, which means it is twice as long as it was originally. Now, youll move the edit line to 01:00:00 (60 seconds)where you want the project to end. 5 Double-click the location timecode under the Program view, type 10000, and press Enter (Windows) or Return (Mac OS). 6 Use the Slider or Zoom buttons in the Navigator palette or use the Time Zoom Level pop-up menu to set the Time Zoom Level to 1 Second.

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7 Drag Closeup2.mov until the end snaps to the edit line.

8 To close the gap between Medium2 and Closeup2, select the Ripple Edit tool ( ) and drag the inpoint of Closeup2 to the left. 9 Preview Closeup2.mov at its new frame rate. 10 Save the project. For more information, see Changing clip duration and speed in Chapter 3 of the Adobe Premiere 6.0 User Guide.

Exporting the movie

Now that youve nished your editing, its time to generate a movie le. 1 If you temporarily turned off audio previewing earlier in the lesson, make sure you turn it on again by clicking once in the small box to the far left of each audio track. When audio is turned on, the speaker icon ( ) is visible in this box. 2 Choose File > Export Timeline > Movie. 3 In the Export Movie dialog box, click the Settings button. 4 Make sure QuickTime is selected for the File Type and that Entire Project is selected for the Range. 5 Also, make sure that both Export Video and Export Audio are selected. The default values for other settings, including compression, are ne for this project. 6 Click OK to close the Export Movie Settings dialog box. 7 In the Export Movie dialog box, select the 07Lesson folder as the le location and type Glass2.mov for the name of the movie. Click Save.

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Premiere starts making the movie, displaying a status bar during its generation, and estimating the amount of time it will take. When the movie is complete, it opens in the Source view in the Monitor window. 8 Click the Play button ( ) to play the movie youve just created.

Exploring on your own

Feel free to experiment with the project you have just created. Here are some suggestions:

Try changing the name of a clip in the Project window without using Clip > Set Clip name Alias. Heres a hint: You dont need to use any menu items, icons, or buttons, but the Project window must be in List View. Once youve changed the name, observe what effect it has on instances in the Timeline. Try using a freeze frame on Closeup2.mov at the end of this lesson instead of changing the frame rate. Set marker 0 on the frame you want to freeze and then choose Clip > Video > Hold Frame. Experiment with extending a hold frame to see how it differs from a still image. Replace the middle of Closeup1.mov with Medium2.mov using a three-point edit instead of using the Lift button and Paste to Fit.

Review questions
1 The Ripple Delete command and the Extract button provide similar functions. What is the main difference between them? 2 Which tool would you use to change the In and Out points of a clip while preserving the clips duration? 3 What features does the Trim Mode offer that make it well suited to ne-tuning edits? 4 What are two ways to change the frame rate of a clip?

Answers
1 Ripple Delete works on one or more whole clips or on a gap; the Extract button works on a range of frames in one or more clips. 2 The slip tool changes the In and Out points of a clip while preserving its duration.

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3 The Trim Mode enables you to trim individual frames on either side of an edit point, while viewing those frames. 4 You can change a clips frame rate using either the Clip Speed dialog box (choose Clip > Speed) or the rate stretch tool ( ).