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MTHSC 982 - Homework 06: Michael Case & Chris Johnson

1. The document describes a system of two connected masses (m1 and m2) and springs, and provides the equations of motion for the system. 2. It aims to minimize the difference in work done on each mass after 10 seconds, by varying m1 from 0.5 to 2.5 and setting m2 = 3 - m1. 3. It defines functions M(10) and N(10) to represent the work done on each mass over time, calculates these values numerically for different mass combinations, and finds that m1 = 0.5, m2 = 2.5 minimizes the difference in work done.

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Chris Johnson
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150 views2 pages

MTHSC 982 - Homework 06: Michael Case & Chris Johnson

1. The document describes a system of two connected masses (m1 and m2) and springs, and provides the equations of motion for the system. 2. It aims to minimize the difference in work done on each mass after 10 seconds, by varying m1 from 0.5 to 2.5 and setting m2 = 3 - m1. 3. It defines functions M(10) and N(10) to represent the work done on each mass over time, calculates these values numerically for different mass combinations, and finds that m1 = 0.5, m2 = 2.5 minimizes the difference in work done.

Uploaded by

Chris Johnson
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MTHSC 982 – Homework 06

Michael Case & Chris Johnson

We are given the three mass, two spring system with masses m1 and m2 and spring
constants k1 , k2 , k3 which we can represent as

m1 y100 = −k1 y1 − b1 y10 + k2 (y2 − y1 ) + F1 (t)


m2 y200 = −k3 y2 − b2 y20 − k2 (y2 − y1 ) + F2 (t)

Or, equivalently,

x01 = x2
k1 + k2 b1 k2 1
x02 = − x1 − x2 + x3 + F1 (t)
m1 m1 m1 m1
x03 = x4
k2 k2 + k3 b2 1
x04 = x1 − x3 − x4 + F2 (t)
m2 m2 m2 m2

Assuming that k1 = 3, k2 = 1, k3 = 2, b1 = 1, b2 = 2, F1 (t) = e−t , F2 (t) = 0, x1 (0) = −1,


x2 (0) = 0, x3 (0) = 1, and x4 (0) = 0, we wish to minimize the difference between the
amount of work done between our masses, m1 and m2 , after ten seconds, assuming that
m1 ∈ {0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5} and m2 = 3 − m1 . We will do this by introducing two functions,
M and N where M (10) will represent the amount of work done on m1 and N (10) will
represent the amount of work done on m2 after ten seconds. That is, we will see which
combination of masses minimizes |M (10) − N (10)|.
To derive M and N we note that force is mass times acceleration and work is force times
distance. That is, for the amount of work, W1 , done on mass m1 we have the following.

W1 = force × distance
= m1 y100 (t)∆y
= m1 y100 (t)y10 (t)∆t

In order to approximate the work done by time t = 10, we calculate the following.

1
Z 10
M (10) = M 0 (t)dt
Z0 10
= (−(k1 + k2 )x1 − b1 x2 + k2 x3 + F1 (t)) y10 (t)dt
0
Z 10
= m1 y100 (t)y10 (t)dt
0
N
X
= m1 y100 (tj )y10 (tj )∆tj
j=0

N (10) is defined similarly.


We know, from homework 03, that a solution to our original system (x01 through x04 ) is
given by the following.
4
X
x(t) ≈ Cj eaj t (cos(bj t) + i sin(bj t))vj
j=1

Where aj is the real part of eigenvalue λj , bj is the imaginary part of λj , and vj is the
corresponding eigenvector.
For the parameters in our problem we have the following eigenvalues.

m1 λ1,2 λ3,4
0.5 −0.98894 ± i2.66601 −0.41106 ± i0.95885
1.0 −0.5 ± i1.98397 −0.5 ± i1.03144
1.5 −0.38925 ± i1.67107 −0.61075 ± i1.13473
2.0 −0.34270 ± i1.36613 −0.90730 ± i1.39618
2.5 −0.24509 ± i1.21213 −1.95491 ± i1.39013

We can then numerically estimate M (10) and N (10) using the sum presented above.

m1 M (10) N (10) |M (10) − N (10)|


0.5 3137.9 225.99 2911.9
1.0 3916.21 292.68 3623.53
1.5 4041.34 311.14 3730.20
2.0 3953.20 311.86 3641.34
2.5 3793.95 305.51 3488.44

And so we see that we minimize the difference in the amount of work done on the two
masses by taking m1 = 0.5, m2 = 2.5.

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