Scribd
Upload
56 views7 pages

Second Midterm Exam Math 212 Fall 2010

This document outlines instructions for a 90-minute math exam consisting of 6 questions. Students are to work alone without notes or calculators, and must show all work to receive full credit. The first question contains 3 parts: (a) computing derivatives of two functions, (b) using the chain rule to compute a derivative, and (c) again using the chain rule. The second question has 4 parts involving critical points, Hessian matrices, and classifying critical points of a function. The remaining questions cover additional topics like double integrals, maximizing volumes, iterated integrals, and finding absolute extrema with constraints.

Uploaded by

Mark Levitz
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
56 views7 pages

Second Midterm Exam Math 212 Fall 2010

This document outlines instructions for a 90-minute math exam consisting of 6 questions. Students are to work alone without notes or calculators, and must show all work to receive full credit. The first question contains 3 parts: (a) computing derivatives of two functions, (b) using the chain rule to compute a derivative, and (c) again using the chain rule. The second question has 4 parts involving critical points, Hessian matrices, and classifying critical points of a function. The remaining questions cover additional topics like double integrals, maximizing volumes, iterated integrals, and finding absolute extrema with constraints.

Uploaded by

Mark Levitz
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 7

Second Midterm Exam

Math 212 Fall 2010


Instructions: This is a 90 minute exam. You should work alone, without
access to any book or notes. No calculators are allowed. Do not discuss this
exam with anyone other than your instructor. When you have completed the
exam, write out and sign the Honor Code pledge on the front.
The exam consists of 6 questions. You must show all of your work on each
problem to receive full credit, and be sure to clearly indicate your nal
answer to each question.
1. [15 Points] Let f (x, y, z) = (xz, sin(xy)) and g(u, v) = (u
2
, e
uv
, ln v)
(a) Compute the derivatives Df and Dg.
Solution:
Df =
_
f
1
x
f
1
y
f
1
z
f
2
x
f
2
y
f
2
z
_
=
_
z 0 x
y cos xy x cos xy 0
_
,
Dg =
_
_
g
1
u
g
1
v
g
2
u
g
2
v
g
3
u
g
3
v
_
_
=
_
_
2u 0
ve
uv
ue
uv
0 1/v
_
_
.
(b) Using the multivariable chain rule, compute the derivative D(f g). (Your nal an-
swer should be a matrix whose entries are functions of u and v.)
Solution:
D(f g) = (Df )(Dg)
=
_
z 0 x
y cos xy x cos xy 0
_
_
_
2u 0
ve
uv
ue
uv
0 1/v
_
_
=
_
z(2u) x/v
(y cos xy)(2u) + (x cos xy)(ve
uv
) (x cos xy)(ue
uv
)
_
=
_
2uln v u
2
/v
2ue
uv
cos(u
2
e
uv
) + u
2
ve
uv
cos(u
2
e
uv
) u
3
e
uv
cos(u
2
e
uv
)
_
1
(c) Using the multivariable chain rule, compute the derivative D(g f ). (Your nal an-
swer should be a matrix whose entries are functions of x, y, and z.)
Solution:
D(g f ) = (Dg)(Df )
=
_
_
2u 0
ve
uv
ue
uv
0 1/v
_
_
_
z 0 x
y cos xy x cos xy 0
_
=
_
_
2uz 0 2ux
ve
uv
z + ue
uv
y cos cy ue
uv
x cos xy ve
uv
x
y cos xy
v
xcos xy
v
0
_
_
=
_
_
2xz
2
0 2x
2
z
(sin xy)e
xz sin xy
z + xze
xz sin xy
y cos xy xze
xz sin xy
x cos xy (sin xy)e
xz sin xy
x
y cos xy
sin xy
xcos xy
sin xy
0
_
_
2. [20 Points] Let f(x, y) = 2x
2
+ y
4
4xy.
(a) Find the critical points of f.
Solution: We set
0 = f = (4x 4y, 4y
3
4x),
so x = y and 4y
3
4y = 4y(y 1)(y + 1) = 0, and we get three critical points,
(1, 1), (0, 0), (1, 1) .
(b) Compute the Hessian matrix of f.
Hf =
_

2
f
x
2

2
f
xy

2
f
yx

2
f
y
2
_
=
_
4 4
4 12y
2
_
(c) Using the multivariable second derivative test, classify the critical points of f.
Solution: We have

2
f
x
2
= 4 > 0 everywhere, and the determinant of Hf is 16(3y
2
1), so by
the second derivative test, (1, 1) and (1, 1) are local minima and (0, 0) is a saddle point.
(d) Starting from the point (3, 2), in which direction does the function f decrease most
rapidly?
Solution: The negative of the gradient points in the direction of greatest decrease:
f(3, 2) = (4, 20), so the direction is
1

4
2
+ 20
2
(4, 20) .
2
3. [15 Points] Let I =
_
4
0
_
2

x
x
y
5
+ 1
dy dx
(a) Write I as the double integral over a region D in the plane. Sketch the region D.
(b) Reverse the order of integration, i.e. rewrite I as an iterated integral dx dy.
Solution:
_
2
0
_
y
2
0
x
y
5
+ 1
dx dy
(c) Compute I.
Solution:
_
2
0
_
y
2
0
x
y
5
+ 1
dx dy =
_
2
0
_
1
2
x
2
y
5
+ 1

y
2
x=0
_
dy
=
1
2
_
2
0
y
4
y
5
+ 1
dy
=
1
10
_
33
1
1
u
du where u = y
5
+ 1, du = 5ydy
=
1
10
ln 33
4. [15 Points] Find the dimensions of a right circular cylinder of the maximum possible
volume that can be inscribed in a sphere of radius 16. (Make sure to clearly explain what
your variables mean.)
3
Solution: Let the sphere by given by x
2
+y
2
+z
2
= 16
2
. By symmetry, we may as well assume
that the axis of the cylinder is the z-axis. Let (x, y, z) be a point on both the surface of the
sphere and the surface of the cylinder. The volume of the inscribed cylinder is then (r
2
)(2z),
where r =
_
x
2
+ y
2
is the radius and 2z is the height. Thus, we are trying to maximize the
function f(r, z) = r
2
z, subject to the constraint g(r, z) = r
2
+ z
2
= 16
2
.
To do so, we solve the Lagrange multiplier equation f = g, where f = (2rz, r
2
)
and g = (2r, 2z). This gives
2rz
2r
=
r
2
2z
, so r
2
= 2z
2
. Substituting this into the constraint
equation yields 3z
2
= 16
2
, so z =
16

3
, and r =

2z =
16

3
. Thus the largest volume cylinder
has height
32

3
and radius
16

3
.
5. [20 Points] Let W be the region in R
3
dened by the inequalities y x
2
, z 3 y, and
z 0. Let f(x, y, z) be a continuous function on W.
(a) Sketch the region W.
4
(b) Write
___
W
f(x, y, z) dV as an iterated integral in the order dz dy dx.
Solution:
___
W
f(x, y, z) dV =
_

3

3
_
3
x
2
_
3y
0
f(x, y, z)dz dy dx .
(c) Write
___
W
f(x, y, z) dV as an iterated integral in the order dx dy dz.
5
Solution:
___
W
f(x, y, z) dV =
_
3
0
_
3z
0
_

y

y
f(x, y, z)dx dy dz .
(d) Evaluate
___
W
y dV
Solution:
_
3
0
_
3z
0
_

y

y
y dx dy dz =
_
3
0
_
3z
0
y
_

y

y
1 dx dy dz
=
_
3
0
_
3z
0
2y

y dy dz
=
_
3
0
_
4
5
y
5/2

3z
y=0
_
dz
=
_
3
0
4
5
(3 z)
5/2
dz
=
8
35
(3 z)
7/2

3
z=0
=
8
35
3
7/2
=
216
35

3 .
6
6. [15 Points] Let f(x, y) = x
2
+ y
2
2x 4y. Find the absolute maximum and minimum
of f, subject to the constraints x
2
+ y
2
2 and y 0.
Solution: First, we set 0 = f = (2x 2, 2y 4), which tells us that (1, 2) is the only
critical point of f, but it is outside the region dened by the constraints. Thus the minimum
and maximum of f will be on the boundary. The curve bounding the region has two smooth
components, meeting non-smoothly at the points (

2, 0) and (

2, 0).
The rst component is given implicitly by the equation g
1
(x, y) = x
2
+y
2
= 2. Thus we
set f = g
1
, giving (2x 2, 2y 4) = (2x, 2y). After checking that there are no solutions
with x = 0 or y = 0, we get
2x2
2x
=
2y4
2y
, so
1
x
=
2
y
, and y = 2x. The line y = 2x meets the
circle x
2
+ y
2
= 2 in two points,
__
2
5
, 2
_
2
5
_
, but only
__
2
5
, 2
_
2
5
_
satises y 0.
The second boundary component is given implicitly by the equation g
2
(x, y) = y = 0.
We set f = g
2
, giving (2x 2, 2y 4) = (0, 1), so that x = 1, giving us the point (1, 0).
We now have four candidates for extrema of f on our region, the two points (

2, 0)
where the boundary components meet, and the two constrained critical points from the Lagrange
multiplier calculations,
__
2
5
, 2
_
2
5
_
and (1, 0). To nd the absolute maximum and minimum,
we just evaluate f at these four points:
f
_

2, 0
_
= 2 2

2
f
_

2, 0
_
= 2 + 2

2 absolute maximum
f
_
_
2
5
, 2
_
2
5
_
= 2 2

10 absolute minimum
f (1, 0) = 1
7

You might also like