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Compton Scattering Class Exercises 2009-2010

1. A photon is a particle of light that exhibits properties of both particles and waves. 2. Compton scattering is the inelastic scattering of photons off electrons, first observed and explained by Arthur Compton in 1923. Compton found that x-rays scattered off a graphite block had longer wavelengths than x-rays that passed directly through, showing that photons transferred some of their energy to electrons. 3. Compton scattering conserves both energy and momentum. The change in wavelength of x-rays scattered at different angles from electrons can be used to calculate the energy and momentum transferred between the photon and electron.

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251 views3 pages

Compton Scattering Class Exercises 2009-2010

1. A photon is a particle of light that exhibits properties of both particles and waves. 2. Compton scattering is the inelastic scattering of photons off electrons, first observed and explained by Arthur Compton in 1923. Compton found that x-rays scattered off a graphite block had longer wavelengths than x-rays that passed directly through, showing that photons transferred some of their energy to electrons. 3. Compton scattering conserves both energy and momentum. The change in wavelength of x-rays scattered at different angles from electrons can be used to calculate the energy and momentum transferred between the photon and electron.

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Compton Scattering Class Exercises

1. What is a photon?

AP Physics 2. Is a photon more like a particle or more like a wave?

et!s look a little more closely at the photoelectric e""ect# $. A 2%% nm light wave is a&sor&e' &y the most 'istant electron "rom the n(cle(s in an al(min(m atom. a) *ow "ast is the electron moving a"terwar'?

&) A"ter it a&sor&s the light+ the electron has kinetic energy which means that it also has moment(m. *ow m(ch moment(m 'oes the electron have?

c) Is moment(m conserve' when the photon is a&sor&e' &y the electron? Explain

,. *ow m(ch moment(m is carrie' &y a photon o" each o" the "ollowing wavelengths o" light? a) ,%% nm -violet) &) .%% nm -re') c) 12/ nm -(ltraviolet)

/. Consi'er a "ree electron that a&sor&s a 12/ nm photon. a) I" the photon!s energy is converte' into kinetic &) *ow m(ch moment(m will the moving electron energy in the electron+ how "ast is the electron going have? Is moment(m conserve' when the photon is a"terwar'? a&sor&e'? -0emem&er ,c)

1. We know that moment(m an' energy have to &e conserve' in every event. *ow is it possi&le to conserve &oth energy an' moment(m when a photon 2colli'es3 with a "ree electron?

.. *ow wo(l' things change i" the photon was not a&sor&e' &y the electron+ &(t was scattere' o"" o" it? -0e"lection an' re"raction are 4(st special types o" scattering.) Conserve energy an' moment(m.

5. et!s look at a pict(re o" this event an' how we wo(l' write the e6(ations to energy an' moment(m.

"ig(re o(t conserve

7. Elastic scattering o" 89rays was an' explaine' &y the American physicist Arth(r Compton in 172$. et!s investigate what he "o(n'. :he 'otte' line on the graph shows meas(rements o" 89rays that came 'irectly the so(rce. :he soli' line on the graph shows meas(rements o" 89rays that were scattere' o"" graphite &lock. What is 'i""erent a&o(t the 'ata recor'e' in the two lines?

o&serve' *. "rom o" a

1%. Why wo(l' it &e &etter to per"orm this experiment with 89rays instea' o" visi&le light?

11. A &eam o" x9rays with a photon energy o" 12%% e; scatters o"" electrons in a metal. i) What is the wavelength an' "re6(ency o" these waves?

ii) <in' the wavelength+ "re6(ency an' photon energy a"ter &eing scattere' at the "ollowing angles# a) $%= &) .%=

c) 12%=

') 15%=

12. A &eam o" 7.$/ x 1%911 m 89rays is scattere' "rom electrons i) What is the "re6(ency an' photon energy "or these waves?

ii) <in' the wavelength+ "re6(ency an' photon energy a"ter &eing scattere' at the "ollowing angles# a) $%= &) 12%=

1$. >o( o&serve photons scattere' "rom a metal s(r"ace to have a "re6(ency o" 1.2%. x 1%1. *? when scattere' at an angle o" 1/%=. What was the wavelength+ "re6(ency an' photon energy o" the light &e"ore it was scattere'?

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