Pyrosil Technical Data

Ref: TMTB 2/IMP

Pyrosil. The ultimate protection for thermocouples at high temperatures

Exceptional Mechanical Strength
Stress Rupture Strength
Pyrosil has good stress rupture strength in comparison with other Nickel-Base heat resistant alloys.
100

Pyrosil products from Tyco Thermal Controls provide exceptional mechanical strength, good corrosion resistance and low drift for N and K type thermocouples.

Applications
INCONEL alloy 617 PYROSIL INCONEL alloy 601

10 Stress - ksi

INCONEL alloy 600

Pyrosil thermocouple cable and protection tube performs well in these industrial processes: Heat treatment, chemical and petrochemical processing, furnaces, steel works, flue gases (especially in aluminum anode bake furnaces), ceramics industry, automotive, power generation, and most general industrial processes. In some applications Pyrosil sheathed thermocouples can replace R and S types at significantly lower cost. This bulletin concentrates on the performance elements of the product. For size, construction or other elements, refer to other technical bulletins.

0.1 35 40 45 50 55 60 Larson-Miller Parameter = (T+460)(20+log(rl)) x 10-3 (T in F, rl in hours) 65

Coefficient of Thermal Expansion

(from 68F to temperature shown)
C m/m/C 500 14.56 600 14.98 700 15.59 800 16.15 900 16.81 1000 17.30

With a coefficient of thermal expansion close to that of the core rods the fatigue and conductor breakage associated with differential expansion is minimized, resulting in longer life for N type thermocouples made with this sheath.

Physical Properties
Pyrosil Density lb/ in3 0.308 0.29 Inconel 601

Tensile Strength
The chart shows the tensile and elongation properties of Pyrosil .

900 800 700 Strength - MPa 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 0 390 750 1100 1500 Temperature F 1850 2200 2500

100

Melting Range F 2516-2552 2408-2498

80

Tensile Strength MPa Yield Strength MPa Elongation %

60

40

20

Operating temperature
Recommended for continuous use up to 2280F, brief excursions to 2335F are possible although life may be considerably shortened.

Elongation %

Exceptional Mechanical Strength

Excellent Corrosion Resistance

Pyrosil sheathed thermocouples give excellent oxidation and nitridation corrosion resistance. They also have excellent resistance to degradation in carbon based atmospheres. Pyrosil is not recommended above 930F in reducing sulphurous atmospheres.

Oxidation Resistance
The alloy has been tailored to provide improved oxidation resistance over stainless steels and higher nickel alloys at temperatures up to 2282F. The resistance to oxidation corrosion is the result of a strongly adhering protective high temperature oxide film - one that does not affect the stability of the thermocouple alloys and that reduces the rate of mass change.

1850F

Oxidation Resistance at 1850F (Air + 5% H20)

Weight Change - mg/cm3

5 3 1 -1 -3 -5 -7 -9 -11 -13 -15 0 2000 4000 6000 Exposure Time - Hours 8000 10000

At 1850F Pyrosil sheaths have a stable oxide with very little spalling, when compared with other materials - especially the Steel 310 in this example.
INCONEL alloy HX AISI 310 INCONEL alloy 600 INCONEL alloy 617 PYROSIL

2000F

Oxidation Resistance at 2000F (Air + 5% H20)

Weight Change - mg/cm3

20 0 -20 -40 -60 -80 -100 -120

At the higher temperature of 2000F the effect is more pronounced, with Pyrosil exhibiting significantly better resistance to corrosion than 601.

PYROSIL INCONEL alloy 601 INCONEL alloy 617

-140 -160 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 Exposure Time - Hours 6000 7000 8000

2200F

Oxidation Resistance at 2200F (Air + 5% H20)

Weight Change - mg/cm3

50 0 -50 -100 -150 -200 -250 -300 -350 -400 0 500 1000 1500 2000 Exposure Time - Hours 2500 3000

At 2200F Pyrosil gives excellent performance compared to other common thermocouple sheathing materials.

PYROSIL

INCONEL alloy 617 INCONEL alloy 601 INCONEL alloy HX

Good Corrosion Resistance

Nitridation Resistance
7

Nitridation Resistance at 2050F

Compared to other sheath materials, Pyrosil absorbs less nitrogen and so is more stable in the process. Lacking the alloying elements that form internal nitrides such as Nb or Al, Pyrosil sheaths exhibit freedom from microstructural degradation and brittleness. This makes Pyrosil especially valuable where mechanical damage is likely.
PYROSIL

2050F

5 Weight Change - mg/cm3

0 0 200 400 600 Exposure Time - Hours 800 1000 1200

AISI 314 INCONEL alloy 600

*

Low Drift for N Type

The compatibility of the sheath and conductor material gives Pyrosil outstanding performance characteristics in terms of stability and range. As the chemistry of the Pyrosil sheaths and N type conductors are similar, this reduces the potential for diffusion of elements between the alloy thus reducing the change in output and subsequent drift. In addition the lack of Mn and Al also prevents cross contamination - and drift - of the thermocouple legs.

Low Drift at High Temperatures

2100F 2370F

10 Temperature Deviation C from BS60 5 0 -5 -10 -15 -20 -25 -30 -35 0 1 2 3 Time - Months 4 5 6

K 310 at 1150C (2100F) N PYROSIL at 1150C (2100F)

N 310 at 1300C (2370F) N PYROSIL at 1300C (2370F)

*

Chemical Composition
Sheath Alloys
Pyrosil A Pyrosil B Pyrosil C Pyrosil D Cr 14.2 14.7 24 22 Si 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 Mg 0.15 0.15 0.15 Nb 1.5 0.5 Others Bal Nickel Bal Nickel Bal Nickel Mo 3%, rare earths trace Bal Nickel

Product Range
Thermocouple Cable: Type N and K EMF outputs Diameters of 0.040"* to 0.500" Simplex, Duplex and Triplex conductor configuration Standard and Heavy Wall designs Note: Not all variants possible in 1 cable Protection Products: Tubes at 1 outside diameter and 3/4 outside diameter

Core Rods
N Pos N Neg K Pos K Neg 14.3 9.2 1.5 4.5 0.4 2.5 Bal Ni (Nicrosil) Bal Ni (Nisil) Bal Ni Co 1.2, Cu 2.4, Bal Ni

*Smaller diameters by special request.

Low Drift

www.tycothermal.com Pyrotenax and Pyrosil are trademarks of Tyco Thermal Controls LLC and its affiliates in designated countries All of the information contained in this publication, including illustrations, is believed to be reliable. Users however, should independently evaluate the suitability of each product for their application. Tyco Thermal Controls makes no warranties as to the accuracy or completeness of the information and disclaims any liability regarding its use. Tyco Thermal Controls only obligations are those in the Standard Terms and Conditions of Sale for this product and in no case will Tyco Thermal Controls be liable for any incidental, indirect or consequential damages arising from the sale, resale, use or misuse of the product. Tyco Thermal Controls Specifications are subject to change without notice. In addition Tyco Thermal Controls reserves the right to make changes in materials or processing, without notification to the buyer, which do not affect compliance with any applicable cable specification. INCONEL is a trademark of the Special Metals Corporation Group of companies. *Data Courtesy of Special Metals

Tyco Thermal Controls UK Limited 3 Rutherford Road, Stephenson Industrial Estate, Washington, Tyne & Wear, NE37 3HX. United Kingdom Tel: +44 (0) 191 419 8200 Fax: +44 (0) 191 419 8201

Tyco Thermal Controls Canada Limited 250 West Street, Trenton, Ontario, Canada. K8V 5S2 Tel: (1) 613-392-6571 Fax: (1) 613-392-3999

Publication No: TMTB 2/IMP

Published October 2004