Choose the appropriate form of the word.

Be certain to use the correct verb tense, singular or plural form of the noun, and the passive voice where necessary
1. ability, able, to enable, ably a. The technology ________users with one telephone number to gain access to their desktop phone, cellular phone, fax and pager. b. She was _______ assisted by her team of researchers. c. The health centre serves all patients, regardless of their _______ to pay. d. I'd like to do more gardening, but I never seem _______ to find the time. . achieve, achievement a. !is great """"""" is to make all the players into a united team. b. The reason I _______ good results is because I work hard ## and so could you. $. accuracy, accurate, accurately a. It's impossible to predict the weather _______. b. There have been %uestions about the """"""" of the report. c. The evidence she gave to the court was not strictly """"""". &. act, action, actor, active, actively a. 'eonardo (i)aprio is my favourite """""""" ## he's so good#looking* b. )arol was """""""involved in the local sports club. c. The government must take """"""" now to stop the rise in violent crime. d. The +, must """"""" now to restore democracy. e. -y father always led a very """"""" life. .. adapt, adaptation, adaptable a. The catfish is """"""" to a wide range of water conditions. b. The children are finding it hard to """"""" to the new school. c. She was responsible for the """"""" of the book /The Witches of Eastwick/ into a stage play. 0. add, addition, additional, additionally a. """"""" information can be obtained from the centre. b. (espite the """""""" of fertili1er, flowers are still unable to grow in the soil. c. 2 new contract is in place. """""""", staff will be offered a bonus scheme. d. 3eat together the egg and sugar, then """""" the flour. 4. admire, admiration, admirer, admirable, admirably a. -c5nroe played """"""", defeating another +.S. upstart, 10#year#old -ichael )hang. b. 6ollins """"""""" for her poetry, but she also writes fiction. c. !is passion for work was insatiable, an """""""" %uality in a man. d. 2 crowd of """"""""""" had gathered outside (unham's door. 1

WORD FORMS

e. )arlos has earned our respect and """"""""". 7. apply, application, applicant, applicable a. 8e receive hundreds of 9ob """""""""each year. b. She """"""" for a 9ob with the local newspaper three weeks ago. c. ,o single method, however, is ever going to be universally """""""". d. """""""""" for teacher#training courses need to have at least one year's experience. :. appreciate, appreciation, appreciative a. It helps children to develop an """""""""" of poetry and literature. b. !e wrote a warm, """""""""""" letter, thanking her for everything she had done. c. !e did not fully """"""""" the significance of signing the contract. 1;. architecture, architect, architectural, architecturally a. 'ahore boasts a wealth of """"""""""" significant buildings. b. St Paul's Cathedral was designed by the famous """"""""", Sir )hristopher 8ren. c. !e studied """"""""""" at university. d. This mos%ue is one of the -ughal 5mpire<s most remarkable """""""""" achievements. 11. argue, argument, arguable, arguably a. Senna was """"""""" the greatest racing driver of all time. b. =allacher continued """"""""" with the referee throughout the game. c. Some items are frankly fakes> others are of """""""" value. d. I broke the vase during an """""""""" with my husband. 1 . attract, attraction, attractive, attractively a. 8omen seem to find him """""""""". b. (isney 8orld """""""" millions of tourists each year. c. =raceland, 5lvis ?resley's former home, is now a tourist """""""""""" that draws more than 0;;,;;; visitors every year. d. 8omen and girls wore their hair long and took care that it was always combed and arranged """""""". 1$. beauty, beautician, beautify, beautiful, beautifully a. """""""" is in the eye of the beholder. b. @lorence is such a """""""" city. c. 'ocals welcome any efforts to """""""""" the neighbourhood. d. She was working double hours as a """""""". e. Sea slugs are often """""""""" coloured. 1&. believe, belief, believer, believable, unbelievable, unbelievably a. The plot is """"""""", but the characters aren't very interesting. b. I find it """"""""" that -r. )arvey has no memory of that day. c. It is my """"""""""" that we will find a cure for cancer in the next ten years.

d. Aou shouldn't """""""" everything you read. e. She was a strong """""""" in women's participation in public affairs. f. The power of the atomic bomb is """"""""""" great. 1.. care, careful, careless, carelessness, carefully, carelessly a. (eforestation, over#development, and pollution from human#made chemicals are 9ust a few of the conse%uences of human activity and """"""""""""". b. Aou need to think very """"""""""" about which course you want to do. c. 3e """""""""" # there's broken glass on the floor* d. I'm very lucky to have a husband, family and friends who """""""""" about me. e. I made a few """""""""" mistakes. f. If one part of the ecosystem is """"""""" destroyed, the whole environment suffers. 10. celebrate, celebration, celebrity, celebratory a. !ow do you usually """"""""" ,ew AearB b. ,ew Aear """""""""" in Scotland go on for three days. c. The """"""""""" event will mark the 4.th anniversary of the university. d. I get to have fun and meet lots of """""""""" and get my picture taken. 14. character, characterise, characteristic, characteristically a. 5ach species of bird has its own """""""""""" song. b. ,atural law thinking """""""""""""" by two ma9or problems. c. In the story, the main """"""""""""" has left his girlfriend and baby. d. In local environments, dominant species of trees are """"""""""""""" associated with certain shrubs and herbs. 17. chemistry, chemist, chemical, chemically a. !ales is best known as a physiologist, """"""""""", and inventor. b. ___________, the substances are similar. c. 5dison was his hero> """"""""" and electricity were his passions. d. -ore than a score of nations now seeks or possesses """""""""""" weapons. 1:. collect, collection, collector, collective, collectively a. The decision to launch nuclear weapons must be """"""""""""". b. The company """"""""""" information about consumer trends. c. 6ain, snow and hail are """"""""""" known as precipitation. d. The painting was bought by a private """"""""""". e. !ave you seen 2lvin's stamp """"""""""B ;. comfort, comfortable, comfortably a. The bed wasn't particularly """""""""". b. 2lan was very reluctant to leave the warmth and """""""""" of the fire. c. !e tried to """"""""" her by telling her that everything would be all right. d. The hotel is modern and """"""""""" furnished.

1. commerce, commercial, commercially a. Nintendo has been """"""""""""" successful. b. It is renowned as a business and """""""""""" centre. c. This restriction creates a barrier for global electronic """""""""""". . compare, comparison, comparable, comparably a. In """""""""""" to other recent video games, this one isn't very exciting. b. 2 car of """""""""""" si1e would cost far more abroad. c. If you """"""""""" rents in 'ondon with those in ,ew Aork, you'll find they are about the same. d. 5arnings have risen """"""""" in the computer industry. $. compete, competition, competitor, competitive, competitively a. 'ast year they sold twice as many computers as their """"""""""""". b. There is fierce """""""""""" between the three leading soap manufacturers. c. Some +S industries are not as """"""""""" as they have been in the past. d. Snowboarding is performed both recreationally and """"""""""". e. The stores have to """""""""""" for customers in the )hristmas season. &. compute, computer, computation a. I can't get the program to work on my """"""""""". b. @inal results had not yet been """"""""""". c. 5ven today, children spend :; percent of their math time on these """""""""""". .. consider, consideration, considerate, considerable, considerably a. It was very """"""""""""" of you to let us know you were going to be late. b. 8e've saved a """"""""""" amount of money. c. )ost should not be your main """"""""""""". d. )onditions have improved """""""""""""" over the past few years. e. 3efore buying a car you should """""""""""""" the cost of insuring it. 0. construct, construction, constructor, constructive, constructively a. """""""""""""" of !ighway 7. will begin soon. b. 8e welcome any """"""""""""" criticism. c. There are plans to """""""""""" a new road bridge across the river. d. +nable to deal """""""""""" with the opposition, he became heavy#handed in his rule. e. 2ll this is wonderful testament to the life's designers and """""""""". 4. consume, consumption, consumer, consumable a. """"""""""""" will soon be paying higher air fares. b. International relief supplied more than .,;;; tonnes of drugs and """"""""""" medical supplies, syringes, needles and other e%uipment. c. In order to survive human beings need to """"""""""" food and water. &

d. The """""""""""" of alcohol on the premises is forbidden. 7. contribute, contributor, contribution a. 5instein was awarded the ,obel ?ri1e for his """""""""""" to Cuantum Theory. b. The volunteers """""""""""" their own time to the pro9ect. c. (r 8in was a ma9or """""""""""" to the research. :. control, controller, controllable a. I wish he'd learn to """""""""""" his temper. b. 3abies are born with very little """"""""""""" over their movements. c. 8ayne, the treasurer and """"""""""", exercised power to successfully establish an offshore trading company. d. (iabetes is a serious but """""""""" disease. $;. create, creator, creation, creative, creatively a. )hildren should be allowed to develop their """""""""""" abilities. b. Some people believe the universe """"""""""" by a big explosion. c. The plan should result in the """""""""""" of ;;; new 9obs. d. (iaghilev is considered by many to be the """"""""""" of the first modern dance company. e. 2ll students improve when they are taught to think analytically, """""""""""" and practically about the material they learn. $1. criticise, critic, criticism, critical, critically a. 1; people died and $; were """""""""""" in9ured in a rail crash yesterday. b. 2fter the +niversity of -ontpellier he worked first as a film """"""", then as a reporter in ?aris. c. !e made some highly """"""""" remarks. d. The decision has been strongly """"""""""" by teachers. e. (espite strong """""""""""", the new system is still in place. $ . danger, endanger, dangerous, dangerously a. The virus is probably not """"""""""" to humans. b. Smoking during pregnancy """"""""""" your baby's life. c. The """""""""" of a fire in the home increases during the holidays. d. ?eople who drive """""""""""" should receive harsher punishments. $$. die, death, dead, deadly a. ?olice are trying to contact the family of the """"""""""" man. b. 2rsenic, a """""""""""" poison, exceeded the safe limit by seven times. c. )ancer is the leading cause of """"""""""" in women. d. !e """""""""""" in 1:7. at the age of 40. $&. decide, decision, decisive, decisively a. Aet again, we have failed to act """""""""". .

b. ?eople have a right to """""""""" how to spend their own money. c. 8omen can play a """""""""" role in the debate over cloning. d. (o you ever wonder if you made the right """"""""""B $.. decorate, decoration, decorator, decorative a. -y uncle 3ill's been a painter and """"""""""" all his life. b. -any of the nature books are purely """"""""""", but a few are very informative. c. The bathroom """"""""""""" in green and yellow. d. The only """""""""""""" in the room was a picture above the fireplace. $0. depend, dependence, dependent, independent, independence, independently a. She had elderly parents who could no longer live """""""""". b. ,orway's economy is heavily """"""""""" on natural resources. c. ,igeria gained """""""""""" from 3ritain in 1:0;. d. """""""""""" on alcohol can have a serious effect on your relationships and career. e. '!ow long are you stayingB' 'I don't know> it """""""".' f. 6obert aimed to be """"""""""""" of his parents by the time he was twenty. $4. destroy, destruction, destructive a. The floods brought death and """""""""""" to the area. b. 2t this rate, the forest will be completely """""""""""" within the next $; years. c. 2lcoholics often tend to have stormy and """"""""""" relationships. $7. develop, development, developer, developing a. 2verage birth rates for women in """"""""""" countries have fallen from six per woman to three in the past three decades. b. )hicago """"""""""""" into a big city in the late 17;;s. c. 2 0$#year#old property """"""""""""" who does not want to be named, Tom is one of the wealthiest men on the island. d. """""""""""" in radar and engine designs have changed the shape of the plane. $:. differ, difference, different, differently a. The main """"""""""" between the groups was age. b. I didn't expect to be treated """""""""""" from anyone else. c. ?eople """"""""""" from one another in their ability to handle stress. d. Dur sons are very """""""""" from each other. &;. direct, direction, director, directive, directly a. !ave you met the new finance """""""""""""B b. In some instances, our recommendations are highly """""""""""". c. The new property tax law won't """""""""""" affect us. d. The girls pointed in the opposite """""""""". e. I want to """""""""" my efforts more towards my own pro9ects.

&1. discover, discovery, discoverer a. the Tasman Sea was named after its """"""""""", the (utch explorer and navigator 2bel Tasman. b. The !ubble Telescope has allowed astronomers to make significant """""""""" about our galaxy. c. !er body """""""""" in a field yesterday. & . distribute, distribution, distributor a. The cost of packaging and """"""""""""" ranges from E$ to E& per videotape. b. 8isdom is also exclusive """"""""""" for Triple =em ?ress. c. -ilk """"""""""" to the local shops by !erald's (airies. &$. donate, donor, donation a. 8ould you like to make a """""""""""" to our charity appealB b. 'ast year he """"""""""" E1,;;; to cancer research. c. 2n anonymous """"""""""" has given F.;; towards the restoration fund. &&. economy, economist, economise, economic, economical, economically a. """"""""" reform is needed. b. !igher taxes encourage people to """"""""""" on fuel. c. 2 small car is more """"""""""" to run. d. )herry went to work as a home """""""""". e. """""""""""", capitalism has transformed societies. f. This increase in export earnings will stimulate the domestic """"""""""". &.. edit, edition, editor, editorial a. 2 limited """""""""""" of ;;; copies has been published. b. Sharon is an """"""""""" assistant in the sports department. c. 2rch 8ard became sports """"""""" of the )hicago Tribune. d. The newspaper """"""""" letters before printing them. &0. electricity, electrician, electrify, electrical, electrically a. The fire was caused by an """""""""""" fault. b. !e trained as an """""""""""". c. -acken1ie """""""""""" the Toronto streetcar system. d. The farm was very isolated, but it had """""""""""". e. 3y 1:;& about one#third of all the cars in ,ew Aork )ity were """""""""""" powered. &4. election, elector, elect, elective a. It has been estimated that there are approximately 1 million """""""""" offices to be filled. b. I think we should start by """""""" a new chairman. c. Dver $0G of """"""""""" did not vote at all. 4

d. The next presidential """"""" is due in two years. &7. employment, employer, employee, employ, employable a. -y previous """"""""""" gave us four weeks of vacation after 1; years. b. She's highly """""""""", so she shouldn't have any trouble finding work. c. I """"""""""" as a night#watchman by the local hospital. d. -exican law prohibits the """"""""""""" of children under 1&. e. The company laid off about :; of its 14; """""""""". &:. encouragement, encourage, encouraging, encouragingly a. !is condition after the surgery looks very """"""""""""". b. )ooder """""""""""""" to begin playing the guitar by his father. c. )hildren need lots of """""""""""""" when they're learning new things. d. """""""""""""", ma9or chain stores across the +nited States reported sharp September sales increases this year over last year. .;. energy, energise, energetic, energetically a. The charity hopes the campaign will """""""""" its volunteers. b. !e fought """""""""" against apartheid. c. She was full of """"""""""" after her vacation. d. 8e need to be more """""""""" in promoting ourselves abroad. .1. en9oy, en9oyment, en9oyable a. Aoung children """""""""" helping around the house. b. 2 really good wine will add to your """""""""" of the meal. c. 8e spent an """""""""" evening playing cards. . . environment, environmentalist, environmental a. 2n oil spill of that si1e will cause a lot of """"""""" damage. b. Some of these chemicals are very damaging to the """"""""""". c. The change has been sharply critici1ed by """"""""""""""""". d. 5arth (ay organi1ers ask consumers to avoid buying """""""""""""""" harmful products. .$. explore, exploration, explorer, exploratory a. -aps were created by different """"""""""" who each brought in their own small bit. b. The air bag landing scheme had never been used in space """"""""""". c. The operations had been mainly """""""""""". d. Henice is a wonderful city to """""""""". .&. fame, famous, famously a. Streisand won """""""""" as a singer before she became an actress. b. The 5iffel Tower is a """""""""" landmark c. (orothy and 2melia got on """"""""".

... familiarity, familiarise, familiar, familiarly a. The voice on the phone sounded """""""". b. The @3I is looking for Tom )harles, """"""""" known as )harlie the Iid. c. In fact his """""""""""" with the 3ronx was pretty limited. d. 5mployees must """"""""""" themselves with the health and safety manual. .0. finance, financier, financial, financially a. !e was an expert in """"""""""""" and advised people where to invest their money. b. The concerts """"""""""" by the 2rts )ouncil. c. !e was successful and """"""""""""" secure. d. """"""""""""", merchants and bankers, such as the 6othschilds and the 3arings, remained the most distinctive group. e. It was a wonderful film, but not exactly a """""""""" success. .4. found, founder, foundation a. 5ton )ollege """"""""""""" by !enry HI in 1&&;. b. The earth%uake shook the """""""""""""" of the house. c. The shop is still run by the """""""""""" and his two sons. .7. free, freedom a. 2dmission is """""""" for children under :. b. She """"""""""""" from prison last week. c. ?eople here like their """""""""" and privacy. .:. graduate, graduation a. 2t one point, he hired a young college """"""""" to help. b. Iate """"""""""""" from medical school last year. c. 8e're going to Sarah's """"""""""" on Sunday. 0;. generalisation, generalise, general, generally a. """""""""""", part#timers work in low#status, low#wage occupations. b. Aou can't make """""""""""""""""" about what men and women are like. c. I have a """"""""""" idea of what I want to express. d. It is difficult to """"""""""" about the kind of people who come on these courses. 01. grow, grower, growth a. 8e've seen an enormous """""""""""" in the number of businesses using the 8eb. b. )an """""""""""""" be persuaded to change their mindsB c. Sales of new cars """""""""""" by 1;G last year. 0 . health, healthy a. I've always been perfectly """""""""""" until now. b. Smoking can seriously damage your """""""""". 0$. high, height, heighten, highly :

a. Increased levels of fat in the diet could """""""""""" the risk of cancer. b. -y brother and I are nearly the same """""""""""""". c. Tom's mother was """""""""" critical of the school's approach. d. The camp was surrounded by a """"""""""" fence. 0&. help, helper, helpful a. She was coming to """""""""" clean the machines. b. (o you want any """"""""" with the washing#upB c. It is """"""""" to discuss your problems with your friends. d. 5lla works at the hospital once a week as a voluntary """"""""""". 0.. history, historian, historical, historically a. This is what a recent """""""""""", S. (. =othein, has suggested. b. 8as Iing 2rthur a real """"""""""" figureB c. Throughout """""""""", the achievements of women have been largely ignored. d. !ow """""""""" significant is this discoveryB 00. increase, increasing, increasingly a. )ases of tuberculosis are on the """"""""". b. 5uropean leaders watched events unfold with """""""""" alarm. c. -arketing techni%ues are becoming """""""""" sophisticated. d. The population """"""""""""" dramatically in the first half of the century. 04. inform, information, informant, informative a. 8e regret to """""""""""" you that your application has been re9ected. b. Jim found the library staff friendly and """""""""". c. The guide will provide you with """""""""""" about the area. d. 8orking as an """"""""""", Johnson provided the @3I with details on the -afia's criminal activities. 07. in9ure, in9ury, in9urious a. 2ngus """""""""" his leg playing rugby yesterday. b. She was taken to hospital with serious head """""""""". c. Smoking is """""""""" to health. 0:. innovate, innovation, innovator, innovative a. (olphy was an extraordinary improviser and """"""" who expanded 9a11 beyond the developments of bebop. b. The company has successfully """"""""" new products and services. c. """"""""""" and hard work are the cornerstones of this company. d. The city has introduced an """""""""" system of traffic control. 4;. intend, intention, intentional, intentionally a. The 9ury has to decide whether the killing was an """"""""""" act. b. ?olice believe the fire was started """"""""""". c. I have no """""""""""" of retiring 9ust yet. 1;

d. I didn't """"""""""""" her to see the painting until it was finished.

KEY Choose the appropriate form of the word. Be certain to use the correct verb tense, singular or plural form of the noun, and the passive voice where necessary
1. ability, able, to enable, ably a. The technology enables users with one telephone number to gain access to their desktop phone, cellular phone, fax and pager. b. She was ably assisted by her team of researchers. c. The health centre serves all patients, regardless of their ability to pay. d. I'd like to do more gardening, but I never seem able to find the time. . achieve, achievement a. !is great achievement is to make all the players into a united team. b. The reason I achieve good results is because I work hard ## and so could you. $. accuracy, accurate, accurately a. It's impossible to predict the weather accurately. b. There have been %uestions about the accuracy of the report. c. The evidence she gave to the court was not strictly accurate. &. act, action, actor, active, actively a. 'eonardo (i)aprio is my favourite actor ## he's so good#looking* b. )arol was actively involved in the local sports club. c. The government must take action now to stop the rise in violent crime. d. The +, must act now to restore democracy. e. -y father always led a very active life. .. adapt, adaptation, adaptable a. The catfish is adaptable to a wide range of water conditions. b. The children are finding it hard to adapt to the new school. c. She was responsible for the adaptation of the book /The Witches of Eastwick/ into a stage play. 0. add, addition, additional, additionally d. Additional information can be obtained from the centre. a. (espite the addition of fertili1er, flowers are still unable to grow in the soil. b. 2 new contract is in place. Additionally, staff will be offered a bonus scheme. c. 3eat together the egg and sugar, then add the flour. 4. admire, admiration, admirer, admirable, admirably a. -c5nroe played admirably, defeating another +.S. upstart, 10#year#old -ichael )hang. 11

b. 6ollins is admired for her poetry, but she also writes fiction. c. !is passion for work was insatiable, an admirable %uality in a man. d. 2 crowd of admirers had gathered outside (unham's door. e. )arlos has earned our respect and admiration. 7. apply, application, applicant, applicable a. 8e receive hundreds of 9ob applications each year. b. She applied for a 9ob with the local newspaper three weeks ago. c. ,o single method, however, is ever going to be universally applicable. d. Applicants for teacher#training courses need to have at least one year's experience. :. appreciate, appreciation, appreciative a. It helps children to develop an appreciation of poetry and literature. b. !e wrote a warm, appreciative letter, thanking her for everything she had done. c. !e did not fully appreciate the significance of signing the contract. 1;. architecture, architect, architectural, architecturally a. 'ahore boasts a wealth of architecturally significant buildings. b. St Paul's Cathedral was designed by the famous architect, Sir )hristopher 8ren. c. !e studied architecture at university. d. This mos%ue is one of the -ughal 5mpire<s most remarkable architectural achievements. 11. argue, argument, arguable, arguably a. Senna was arguably the greatest racing driver of all time. b. =allacher continued to argue with the referee throughout the game. c. Some items are frankly fakes> others are of arguable value. d. I broke the vase during an argument with my husband. 1 . attract, attraction, attractive, attractively a. 8omen seem to find him attractive. b. (isney 8orld attracts millions of tourists each year. c. =raceland, 5lvis ?resley's former home, is now a tourist attraction that draws more than 0;;,;;; visitors every year. d. 8omen and girls wore their hair long and took care that it was always combed and arranged attractively. 1$. beauty, beautician, beautify, beautiful, beautifully a. Beauty is in the eye of the beholder. b. @lorence is such a beautiful city. c. 'ocals welcome any efforts to beautify the neighbourhood. d. She was working double hours as a beautician. e. Sea slugs are often beautifully coloured. 1&. believe, belief, believer, believable, unbelievable, unbelievably a. The plot is believable, but the characters aren't very interesting. 1

b. I find it unbelievable that -r. )arvey has no memory of that day. c. It is my belief that we will find a cure for cancer in the next ten years. d. Aou shouldn't believe everything you read. e. She was a strong believer in women's participation in public affairs. f. The power of the atomic bomb is unbelievably great. 1.. care, careful, careless, carelessness, carefully, carelessly a. (eforestation, over#development, and pollution from human#made chemicals are 9ust a few of the conse%uences of human activity and carelessness. b. Aou need to think very carefully about which course you want to do. c. 3e careful # there's broken glass on the floor* d. I'm very lucky to have a husband, family and friends who care about me. e. I made a few careless mistakes. f. If one part of the ecosystem is carelessly destroyed, the whole environment suffers. 10. celebrate, celebration, celebrity, celebratory g. !ow do you usually celebrate ,ew AearB h. ,ew Aear celebrations in Scotland go on for three days. i. 9. The celebratory event will mark the 4.th anniversary of the university. I get to have fun and meet lots of celebrities and get my picture taken.

14. character, characterise, characteristic, characteristically a. 5ach species of bird has its own characteristic song. b. ,atural law thinking is characterized by two ma9or problems. c. In the story, the main character has left his girlfriend and baby. d. In local environments, dominant species of trees are characteristically associated with certain shrubs and herbs. 17. chemistry, chemist, chemical, chemically a. !ales is best known as a physiologist, chemist, and inventor. b. Chemically, the substances are similar. c. 5dison was his hero> chemistry and electricity were his passions. d. -ore than a score of nations now seeks or possesses chemical weapons. 1:. collect, collection, collector, collective, collectively a. The decision to launch nuclear weapons must be collective. b. The company collects information about consumer trends. c. 6ain, snow and hail are collectively known as precipitation. d. The painting was bought by a private collector. e. !ave you seen 2lvin's stamp collectionB ;. comfort, comfortable, comfortably a. The bed wasn't particularly comfortable. b. 2lan was very reluctant to leave the warmth and comfort of the fire. c. !e tried to comfort her by telling her that everything would be all right. 1$

d. The hotel is modern and comfortably furnished . 1. commerce, commercial, commercially a. Nintendo has been commercially successful. b. It is renowned as a business and commercial centre. c. This restriction creates a barrier for global electronic commerce. . compare, comparison, comparable, comparably a. In comparison to other recent video games, this one isn't very exciting. b. 2 car of comparable si1e would cost far more abroad. c. If you compare rents in 'ondon with those in ,ew Aork, you'll find they are about the same. d. 5arnings have risen comparably in the computer industry. $. compete, competition, competitor, competitive, competitively a. 'ast year they sold twice as many computers as their competitors. b. There is fierce competition between the three leading soap manufacturers. c. Some +S industries are not as competitive as they have been in the past. d. Snowboarding is performed both recreationally and competitively. e. The stores have to compete for customers in the )hristmas season. &. compute, computer, computation a. I can't get the program to work on my computer. b. @inal results had not yet been computed. c. 5ven today, children spend :; percent of their math time on these computations. .. consider, consideration, considerate, considerable, considerably a. It was very considerate of you to let us know you were going to be late. b. 8e've saved a considerable amount of money. c. )ost should not be your main consideration. d. )onditions have improved considerably over the past few years. e. 3efore buying a car you should consider the cost of insuring it. 0. construct, construction, constructor, constructive, constructively a. Construction of !ighway 7. will begin soon. b. 8e welcome any constructive criticism. c. There are plans to construct a new road bridge across the river. d. +nable to deal constructively with the opposition, he became heavy#handed in his rule. e. 2ll this is wonderful testament to the life's designers and constructors. 4. consume, consumption, consumer, consumable a. Consumers will soon be paying higher air fares. b. International relief supplied more than .,;;; tonnes of drugs and consumable medical supplies, syringes, needles and other e%uipment. c. In order to survive human beings need to consume food and water. 1&

d. The consumption of alcohol on the premises is forbidden. 7. contribute, contributor, contribution a. 5instein was awarded the ,obel ?ri1e for his contribution to Cuantum Theory. b. The volunteers contribute their own time to the pro9ect. c. (r 8in was a ma9or contributor to the research. :. control, controller, controllable a. I wish he'd learn to control his temper. b. 3abies are born with very little control over their movements. c. 8ayne, the treasurer and controller, exercised power to successfully establish an offshore trading company. d. (iabetes is a serious but controllable disease. $;. create, creator, creation, creative, creatively a. )hildren should be allowed to develop their creative abilities. b. Some people believe the universe was created by a big explosion. c. The plan should result in the creation of ;;; new 9obs. d. (iaghilev is considered by many to be the creator of the first modern dance company. e. 2ll students improve when they are taught to think analytically, creatively and practically about the material they learn. $1. criticise, critic, criticism, critical, critically f. 1; people died and $; were critically in9ured in a rail crash yesterday. ?aris. b. !e made some highly critical remarks. c. The decision has been strongly criticised by teachers. d. (espite strong criticism, the new system is still in place. $ . danger, endanger, dangerous, dangerously e. The virus is probably not dangerous to humans. a. Smoking during pregnancy endangers your baby's life. b. The danger of a fire in the home increases during the holidays. c. ?eople who drive dangerously should receive harsher punishments. $$. die, death, dead, deadly a. ?olice are trying to contact the family of the dead man. b. 2rsenic, a deadly poison, exceeded the safe limit by seven times. c. )ancer is the leading cause of death in women. d. !e died in 1:7. at the age of 40. $&. decide, decision, decisive, decisively a. Aet again, we have failed to act decisively. b. ?eople have a right to decide how to spend their own money. c. 8omen can play a decisive role in the debate over cloning. 1. a. 2fter the +niversity of -ontpellier he worked first as a film critic, then as a reporter in

d. (o you ever wonder if you made the right decisionB $.. decorate, decoration, decorator, decorative a. -y uncle 3ill's been a painter and decorator all his life. b. -any of the nature books are purely decorative, but a few are very informative. c. The bathroom is decorated in green and yellow. d. The only decoration in the room was a picture above the fireplace. $0. depend, dependence, dependent, independent, independence, independently a. She had elderly parents who could no longer live independently. b. ,orway's economy is heavily dependent on natural resources. c. ,igeria gained independence from 3ritain in 1:0;. d. Dependence on alcohol can have a serious effect on your relationships and career. e. '!ow long are you stayingB' 'I don't know> it depends.' f. 6obert aimed to be independent of his parents by the time he was twenty. $4. destroy, destruction, destructive a. The floods brought death and destruction to the area. b. 2t this rate, the forest will be completely destroyed within the next $; years. c. 2lcoholics often tend to have stormy and destructive relationships. $7. develop, development, developer, developing a. 2verage birth rates for women in developing countries have fallen from six per woman to three in the past three decades. b. )hicago developed into a big city in the late 17;;s. c. 2 0$#year#old property developer who does not want to be named, Tom is one of the wealthiest men on the island. d. Developments in radar and engine designs have changed the shape of the plane. $:. differ, difference, different, differently a. The main difference between the groups was age. b. I didn't expect to be treated differently from anyone else. c. ?eople differ from one another in their ability to handle stress. d. Dur sons are very different from each other. &;. direct, direction, director, directive, directly a. !ave you met the new finance directorB b. In some instances, our recommendations are highly directive. c. The new property tax law won't directly affect us. d. The girls pointed in the opposite direction. e. I want to direct my efforts more towards my own pro9ects. &1. discover, discovery, discoverer a. the Tasman Sea was named after its discoverer, the (utch explorer and navigator 2bel Tasman. 10

b. The !ubble Telescope has allowed astronomers to make significant discoveries about our galaxy. c. !er body was discovered in a field yesterday. & . distribute, distribution, distributor a. The cost of packaging and distribution ranges from E$ to E& per videotape. b. 8isdom is also exclusive distributor for Triple =em ?ress. c. -ilk is distributed to the local shops by !erald's (airies. &$. donate, donor, donation a. 8ould you like to make a donation to our charity appealB b. 'ast year he donated E1,;;; to cancer research. c. 2n anonymous donor has given F.;; towards the restoration fund. &&. economy, economist, economise, economic, economical, economically a. Economic reform is needed. b. !igher taxes encourage people to economise on fuel. c. 2 small car is more economical to run. d. )herry went to work as a home economist. e. Economically, capitalism has transformed societies. f. This increase in export earnings will stimulate the domestic economy. &.. edit, edition, editor, editorial a. 2 limited edition of ;;; copies has been published. b. Sharon is an editorial assistant in the sports department. c. 2rch 8ard became sports editor of the )hicago Tribune. d. The newspaper edits letters before printing them. &0. electricity, electrician, electrify, electrical, electrically a. The fire was caused by an electrical fault . b. !e trained as an electrician. c. -acken1ie electrified the Toronto streetcar system. d. The farm was very isolated, but it had electricity. e. 3y 1:;& about one#third of all the cars in ,ew Aork )ity were electrically powered. &4. election, elector, elect, elective a. It has been estimated that there are approximately 1 million elective offices to be filled. b. I think we should start by electing a new chairman. c. Dver $0G of electors did not vote at all. d. The next presidential election is due in two years. &7. employment, employer, employee, employ, employable a. -y previous employer gave us four weeks of vacation after 1; years. b. She's highly employable, so she shouldn't have any trouble finding work. c. I was employed as a night#watchman by the local hospital. d. -exican law prohibits the employment of children under 1&. 14

e. The company laid off about :; of its 14; employees. &:. encouragement, encourage, encouraging, encouragingly a. !is condition after the surgery looks very encouraging. b. )ooder was encouraged to begin playing the guitar by his father. c. )hildren need lots of encouragement when they're learning new things. d. Encouragingly, ma9or chain stores across the +nited States reported sharp September sales increases this year over last year. .;. energy, energise, energetic, energetically a. The charity hopes the campaign will energise its volunteers. b. !e fought energetically against apartheid. c. She was full of energy after her vacation. d. 8e need to be more energetic in promoting ourselves abroad. .1. en9oy, en9oyment, en9oyable a. Aoung children enjoy helping around the house. b. 2 really good wine will add to your enjoyment of the meal. c. 8e spent an enjoyable evening playing cards. . . environment, environmentalist, environmental a. 2n oil spill of that si1e will cause a lot of environmental damage. b. Some of these chemicals are very damaging to the environment. c. The change has been sharply critici1ed by environmentalists. d. 5arth (ay organi1ers ask consumers to avoid buying environmentally harmful products. .$. explore, exploration, explorer, exploratory a. -aps were created by different e plorers who each brought in their own small bit. b. The air bag landing scheme had never been used in space e ploration. c. The operations had been mainly e ploratory. d. Henice is a wonderful city to e plore. .&. fame, famous, famously a. Streisand won fame as a singer before she became an actress. b. The 5iffel Tower is a famous landmark c. (orothy and 2melia got on famously. ... familiarity, familiarise, familiar, familiarly a. The voice on the phone sounded familiar. b. The @3I is looking for Tom )harles, familiarly known as )harlie the Iid. c. In fact his familiarity with the 3ronx was pretty limited. d. 5mployees must familiarize themselves with the health and safety manual. .0. finance, financier, financial, financially a. !e was an expert in finance and advised people where to invest their money. b. The concerts are financed by the 2rts )ouncil. 17

c. !e was successful and financially secure . d. !inanciers, merchants and bankers, such as the 6othschilds and the 3arings, remained the most distinctive group. e. It was a wonderful film, but not exactly a financial success. .4. found, founder, foundation a. 5ton )ollege was founded by !enry HI in 1&&;. b. The earth%uake shook the foundations of the house. c. The shop is still run by the founder and his two sons. .7. free, freedom a. 2dmission is free for children under :. b. She was freed from prison last week. c. ?eople here like their freedom and privacy. .:. graduate, graduation a. 2t one point, he hired a young college graduate to help. b. Iate graduated from medical school last year. c. 8e're going to Sarah's graduation on Sunday. 0;. generalisation, generalise, general, generally a. "enerally, part#timers work in low#status, low#wage occupations. b. Aou can't make generalisations about what men and women are like. c. I have a general idea of what I want to express. d. It is difficult to generalise about the kind of people who come on these courses. 01. grow, grower, growth a. 8e've seen an enormous growth in the number of businesses using the 8eb. b. )an growers be persuaded to change their mindsB c. Sales of new cars grew by 1;G last year. 0 . health, healthy a. I've always been perfectly healthy until now. b. Smoking can seriously damage your health. 0$. high, height, heighten, highly a. Increased levels of fat in the diet could heighten the risk of cancer. b. -y brother and I are nearly the same height. c. Tom's mother was highly critical of the school's approach. d. The camp was surrounded by a high fence. 0&. help, helper, helpful a. She was coming to help clean the machines. b. (o you want any help with the washing#upB c. It is helpful to discuss your problems with your friends. d. 5lla works at the hospital once a week as a voluntary helper. 1:

0.. history, historian, historical, historically a. This is what a recent historian, S. (. =othein, has suggested. b. 8as Iing 2rthur a real historical figureB c. Throughout history, the achievements of women have been largely ignored. d. !ow historically significant is this discoveryB 00. increase, increasing, increasingly a. )ases of tuberculosis are on the increase. b. 5uropean leaders watched events unfold with increasing alarm. c. -arketing techni%ues are becoming increasingly sophisticated. d. The population increased dramatically in the first half of the century. 04. inform, information, informant, informative a. 8e regret to inform you that your application has been re9ected. b. Jim found the library staff friendly and informative. c. The guide will provide you with information about the area. d. 8orking as an informant, Johnson provided the @3I with details on the -afia's criminal activities. 07. in9ure, in9ury, in9urious a. 2ngus injured his leg playing rugby yesterday. b. She was taken to hospital with serious head injuries. c. Smoking is injurious to health. 0:. innovate, innovation, innovator, innovative a. (olphy was an extraordinary improviser and innovator who expanded 9a11 beyond the developments of bebop. b. The company has successfully innovated new products and services. c. #nnovation and hard work are the cornerstones of this company. d. The city has introduced an innovative system of traffic control. 4;. intend, intention, intentional, intentionally a. The 9ury has to decide whether the killing was an intentional act. b. ?olice believe the fire was started intentionally. c. I have no intention of retiring 9ust yet. d. I didn't intend her to see the painting until it was finished.