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Test3 06 Solutions

This document contains a math test with 5 multiple choice and written response questions. The questions cover topics like Fourier series, wave equations, heat equations, and Laplace's equation. The written responses involve finding Fourier series, solving partial differential equations, and determining boundary value problems.

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74 views4 pages

Test3 06 Solutions

This document contains a math test with 5 multiple choice and written response questions. The questions cover topics like Fourier series, wave equations, heat equations, and Laplace's equation. The written responses involve finding Fourier series, solving partial differential equations, and determining boundary value problems.

Uploaded by

ricedragon
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MATH 3705A

Test 3
March 2006
LAST NAME: ID#:
Questions 1 and 2 are multiple choice, worth 5 marks each. Circle the correct answer. Only
the answer will be marked.
1. At x = 27, the Fourier sine series of f(x) =
_
1, 0 x < 1
0, 1 x 2
_
converges to
(a) 0 (b)
1
2
(c)
1
2
(d) 1 (e) None of these
2. The solution of the wave equation u
xx
=
1
9
u
tt
, 0 < x < 2, which satises the boundary
conditions u(0, t) = u(2, t) = 0, is given by
u(x, t) =

n=1
sin
_
nx
2
_

a
n
cos
_
3nt
2
_
+ b
n
sin
_
3nt
2
__
.
If u(x, t) satises the initial conditions u(x, 0) = 0 and u
t
(x, 0) = 3 sin(x) sin(3x), the
coecients a
n
and b
n
are given by
(a) b
2
=
1

, b
6
=
1
9
, b
n
= 0 otherwise, and a
n
= 0 for all n 1.
(b) a
2
= 3, a
6
= 1, a
n
= 0 otherwise, and b
n
= 0 for all n 1.
(c) b
2
= 3, b
6
= 1, b
n
= 0 otherwise, and a
n
= 0 for all n 1.
(d) a
2
=
1

, a
6
=
1
9
, a
n
= 0 otherwise, and b
n
= 0 for all n 1.
(e) None of the above
Answers: b, a.
2
3. [6 marks] Find the Fourier cosine series of f(x) = x on [0, ].
Solution:
a
0
=
2

_

0
xdx = , and for n 1, a
n
=
2

_

0
x cos(nx) dx =
2
n
xsin(nx)

2
n
_

0
sin(nx) dx =
2
n
2

cos(nx)

0
=
2
n
2


(1)
n
1
_
.
Then the series is

2
+

n=1
2
n
2


(1)
n
1
_
cos(nx) =

2

4

cos(x)
4
9
cos(3x) ...
3
4. [8 marks] The solution of the heat equation w
xx
=
1

2
w
t
, 0 < x < L, which satises the
boundary conditions w(0, t) = w(L, t) = 0, has the form
w(x, t) =

n=1
b
n
sin
_
nx
L
_
e

2
n
2

2
L
2
t
.
Find the solution u(x, t) of u
xx
=
1
9
u
t
, 0 < x < 3, which satises the boundary conditions
u(0, t) = 1, u(3, t) = 2, and the initial condition u(x, 0) = x. Write down the complete
solution u(x, t).
Solution:
L = 3, = 3. The boundary conditions are nonhomogeneous, therefore
u(x, t) = v(x) + w(x, t),
where w(x, t) satises the PDE with the homogeneous boundary conditions, and v(x) satises
v

(x) = 0, v(0) = 1, v(3) = 2.


Thus, v(x) = x1, and w(x, t) =

n=1
b
n
sin
_
nx
L
_
e

2
n
2

2
L
2
t
=

n=1
b
n
sin
_
nx
3
_
e
n
2

2
t
.
It remains to nd b
n
, which we do by satisfying the initial condition
u(x, 0) = v(x) + w(x, 0) = x.
It follows that
w(x, 0) = u(x, 0) v(x) = x (x 1) = 1,
so b
n
is the Fouries sine coecient of 1, and therefore
b
n
=
2
3
_
3
0
sin(
nx
3
) dx =
2
n
cos(
nx
3
)

3
0
=
2
n
[(1)
n
1].
Finally,
u(x, t) = v(x) + w(x, t) = x 1 +

n=1
2
n
[(1)
n
1] sin
_
nx
3
_
e
n
2

2
t
=
= x 1
4

sin(
x
3
)e

2
t

4
3
sin(x)e
3
2
t
...
4
5. [6 marks] Find the solution of Laplaces equation u
xx
+ u
yy
= 0 within the rectangle
0 < x < 2, 0 < y < 1, which satises the boundary conditions u(0, y) = 2y, u(2, y) = 0,
u(x, 0) = 0, u(x, 1) = 2 x. Write down the complete solution u(x, y).
Solution:
The boundary condition is continuous, and linear on each portion of the boundary, so
u(x, y) = x +y +xy +.
(1) The lower horizontal segment: y = 0 x + = 0 = = 0
u(x, y) = y +xy.
(2) The left vertical segment: x = 0 y = 2y = 2
u(x, y) = 2y +xy.
(3) The right vertical segment: x = 2 2y + 2y = 0 = 1
u(x, y) = 2y xy.
Check the upper horizontal segment: y = 1 2 x = 2 x.
Answer: u(x, y) = 2y xy.

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