SAINZ-RIVERA, RAUL

145971/A091-684-104
PINAL COUNTY JAIL
P .0. BOX 2610
FLORENCE, A 85132
Name: SAINZ-RIVERA, RAUL
U.S. Department of Justice
Executive Ofce fr Immigration Review
Board of Immigration Appeals
Ofce of the Clerk
5107 leeburg Pike, Suite 2000
Falls Church, Vrginia 20530
OHS/ICE Ofice of Chief Counsel - FLO
P.O. Box 25158
Phoenix, A 85002
A 091-684-104
Date of this notice: 3/10/2014
Enclosed is a copy of the Board's decision and order in the above-refrenced case.
Enclosure
Panel Members:
Guendelsberger, John
Greer, Anne J.
Pauley, Roger
Sincerely,
Do c t
Donna Carr
Chief Clerk
lucasd
Userteam: Docket
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For more unpublished BIA decisions, visit www.irac.net/unpublished
Cite as: Raul Sainz-Rivera, A091 684 104 (BIA Mar. 10, 2014)
U.S. Department of Justice
Executive Ofce fr Immigation Review
Falls Chuch, Virginia 20530
File: A091 684 104 - Florence, A
Decision of the Board oflmmigation Appeals
Date:
MAR 1 0 2014
In re: RAUL SAINZ-RIVERA a.k.a. Jesus Urbieta a.k.a. Manuel Sainz
I RMOVAL PROCEEDINGS
APPEAL
ON BEHALF OF RSPONDENT: Pro se
CHARGE:
Notice: Sec. 212(a)(6)(A)(i), I&N Act [8
U
.
S
.
C.

1l 82(a)(6)(A)(i)] -
Present without being admitted or paroled (withdrawn)
Lodged: Sec. 237(a)(2)(A)(ii), I&N Act (8
U
.S.C. 1227(a)(2)(A)(ii)] -
Convicted of two or more crimes involving moral turpitude
APPLICATION: Termination
Te respondent appeals fom a Imigration Judge's October 7, 2013, decision fnding him
removable fom the United States as an alien convicted of two crimes involving moral turitude
not arising fom a single scheme of criminal misconduct. Section 237(a)(2)(A)(ii) of the
Immigration ad Nationality Act, 8 U.S.C. 1227(a)(2)(A)(ii). The appeal will be sustained and
the record will be remanded.
The respondent, a native and citizen of Mexico, has twice been convicted of violating Ariz.
Rev. Stat. 28-1383(A)(l), which prohibits ay person fom "driving" or exercising "actual
physical contol" over a motor vehicle while under the infuence of intoxicating liquor or dgs if
the person knows that his driver license or privilege to drive is suspended, canceled, revoked,
refsed or resticted. The issue on appeal is whether the Department of Homelad Security
("DHS") has proven by clear and convincing evidence that these ofenses qulify as crimes
involving moral turpitude ("CIMT") fr removal purposes.
U
pon de novo review, see 8 C.F.R.
1003 .1 ( d)(3 )(ii), we conclude tat the DHS has not caried that burden.
The
U
nited States Court of Appeals fr the Ninth Circuit, in whose jurisdiction this matter
arises, has concluded that Ariz. Rev. Stat. 28-1383(A)(l) encompasses some conduct that is
morally turitudinous and other conduct that is not. Compare Marmolejo-Campos v. Holder,
558 F.3d 903, 914-17 (9th Cir. 2009) (en bane) (defrring to Matter of Lopez-Meza, 22 I&N Dec.
1188 (BIA 1999), in which this Board fund that moral turpitude inheres in the act of "driving"
under the infuence of alcohol or drugs with knowledge that one's driving privileges have been
revoked), with Hernandez-Martinez v. Ashcrof, 329 F.3d 1117, 1118-1119 (9th Cir. 2003)
(holding that moral turitude does not inere in the act of exercising "actual physical control"
over a vehicle while intoxicated, even if the accused knew his driving privileges had been
suspended).
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Cite as: Raul Sainz-Rivera, A091 684 104 (BIA Mar. 10, 2014)
A091 684 104
As Ariz. Rev. Stat. 28-1383(A)(l) encompasses both turpitudinous and non-turpitudinous
conduct, the Ninth Circuit has treated it as a "divisible" statute vis-a-vis the CIMT concept,
authorizing Immigation Judges to consult aliens' conviction records under the "modifed
categorical approach" to determine whether the particular alien befre the cour was convicted of
"driving" rather than merely exercising "actual physical control." See Marmolejo-Campos
v. Holder, supra, at 913 & n. 12. The Immigration Judge conducted such a modifed categorical
inquiry here and fund that the respondent's guilty pleas were to "driving" while intoxicated
(l.J. at 2-4 ).
During the pendency of these removal proceedings, however, the Supreme Cour decided
Descamps v. United States, 133 S. Ct. 2276 (2013), which embraced a conception of "divisibility"
tat appeas substantially narrower than tat embodied in Marmolejo-Campos. The Descamps
Cour held that a criminal statute is divisible, so as to warrant a modifed categorical inquiry,
only if: (1) it lists multple discrete ofenses as enumerated alteratives or defnes a single
ofense by reference to disjunctive sets of "elements," more than one combination of which
could suppor a conviction; and (2) at least one (but not all) of those listed ofenses or
combinations of disjunctive elements is a categorical match to the relevant generic standad.
Id. at 2281, 2283. In other words, the modifed categorical approach does not apply merely
because the elements of a crime can sometimes be proved by refrence to conduct that fts the
generic federal standard; under Descamps, such crimes are merely "overbroad," they are not
"divisible." Id. at 2285-86, 2290-92.
The Ninth Circuit has determined that the categorical approach applies in removal cases
involving CIMT convictions, see Olivas-Motta v. Holder, 716 F.3d 1199 (9th Cir. 2013), and has
also concluded that the approach to divisibility announced in Descamps applies in the
immigration context. See Aguilar-Turcios v. Holder, 740 F.3d 1294, 1301-02 (9th Cir. 2014).
Accordingly, ou present task is to decide whether Ariz. Rev. Stat. 28-1383(A)(l) remains
"divisible" fr CIMT purposes within the meaning of Descamps.
In light of Descamps, Ariz. Rev. Stat. 28-1383(A)(l) can be considered "divisible" into
discrete ofenses requiring "driving" ad "actual physical control" only if Arizona law defnes
"driving" and "actual physical control" as alterative "elements" of the ofense.
U
nder
Descamps, the term "element" means a fct about a crime which "[t]he Sixth Amendment
contemplates that a jury-not a sentencing cour-will fnd . .. , unanimously and beyond a
reasonable doubt." Id. at 2288 (citing Richardson v. United States, 526 U.S. 813, 817 (1999)).
Tus, if Arizona law does not require both proof beyond a reasonable doubt and jury unanimity
as to whether a defndant chaged under Aiz. Rev. Stat. 28-1383(A)(l) was "driving" or
exercising "actual physical control" over the vehicle, it necessaily fllows that "driving" and
"actual physical control" are not alterative "elements" fr divisibility puroses, but rather mere
alterative "means" by which a defndant can commit aggavated DUI. See Schad v. Arizona,
501 U.S. 624, 636 (1991) (plurality opinion) ("[L]egislatures fequently enumerate alterative
means of committing a crime without intending to defne separate elements or separate crimes.").
The Arizona Supreme Court has held that the State's constitutional requirement of jury
unanimity, see Ariz. Const., Art. II, 23, does not entitle a defendant "to a unanimous verdict on
the precise maer in which the [criminal] act was commited"). See State v. Encinas, 647 P.2d
624, 627 (Aiz. 1982) (citation omitted). Applying that principle to Arizona's DUI statutes, the
2
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Cite as: Raul Sainz-Rivera, A091 684 104 (BIA Mar. 10, 2014)
.
A091 684 104
Arizona Cout of Appeals has squaely deterined that a jury need not be unanimous as to
whether a defndant was "driving" under the infuence or merely in "actal physical control" of
a vehicle while under te infuence. State v. Rivera, 83 P.3d 69, 72-73 (Ariz. Ct. App. 2004).
According to the Rivera cou, "driving'' ad being in "actual physical control" ae merely "two
ways of committing a single ofense" rather ta "two ofenses." Id. at 73 (citing Schad
v. Arizona, supra).
State v. Rivera establishes that "driving" ad "actual physical control" are not alterative
"elements" of te ofense defned by Arz. Rev. Stat. 28-1383(A)(l) within the meaning of
Descamps. Accordingly, te distinction between "driving" ad "actual physical contol" does not
render that statte divisible. As the ofense defned by Ariz. Rev. Stat. 28-1383(A)(l) is neither
a categorical CIMT nor divisible vis-a-vis the CIMT concept, it fllows that the respondent's
convictions do not render him removable under section 237(a)(2)(A)(ii) of the Act. Therefre,
that remova chage will be dismissed and te record will be remanded to the Immigration Court
fr fer proceedings-including the lodging of substituted removal charges, if appropriate
ad fr the entry of such fher orders as the Immigation Judge deems proper.
ORDER: The respondent's appeal is sustained and the record is remaded fr frther
proceedings consistent with te fregoing opinion and fr entry of a new decision.
3
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Cite as: Raul Sainz-Rivera, A091 684 104 (BIA Mar. 10, 2014)
In the Matter of
SAINZ-RIVER, RUL
Respondent
(
IMMIGRTION COURT
3260 NORTH PINAL PAKAY
FLORENCE, AZ 85132
( '
Case No.: A091-684-104
IN REMOVA PROCEEDINGS
ORDER OF THE IMIGRTION JUGE
This is a summary of the oral decision entered on /(0-J.
This memorandum is solely for the convenience of the parties. If the
proceedings should be appealed or reopened, the oral decision will become
the official opinion in the case.

[.1 The respondent was ordered removed from the United States to CC
"
or in the alternative to .
[ ] Respondent's application for voluntary departure was denied and
respondent was ordered removed to or in the
alternative to .
Respondent's application for voluntary departure was granted until
upon posting a bond in the amount of $
with an alternate order of removal to .
Respondent's application for:
[ ] Asylum was ( ) granted ) denied ( ) withdraw.
[ ] Withholding of removal was ( )granted ( )denied )withdrawn.
[ ] A Waiver under Section was ( )granted ( )denied ( )withdrawn.
[ ] Cancellation of removal under section 240A(a} was ( )granted ( )denied
( )withdraw.
Respondent's application for:
Cancellation under section 240A(b) (1) was ( ) granted ) denied
( ) withdrawn. If granted, it is ordered that the respondent be issued
all appropriate documents necessary to give effect to this order.
Cancellation under section 240A(b) (2) was ( )granted ( )denied
( ) withdrawn. If granted it is ordered that the respondent be issued
all appropriated documents necessary to give effect to this order.
Adjustment of Status under Section was { )granted ( )denied
( )withdraw. If granted it is ordered that the respondent be issued
all appropriated documents necessary to give effect to this order.
Respondent's application of ( ) withholding of removal ( ) deferral of
removal under Article III of the Convention Against Torture was
( ) granted ( ) denied ( ) withdraw.
Respondent's status was rescinded under section 246.
Respondent is admitted to the United States as a
As a condition of admission, respondent is to post a $
until
bond.
Respondent knowingly filed a frivolous asylum application after proper
notice.

Respondent was advised of the limitation on discretionary relief for
failure to appear as ordered in the Immigration Judge's oral decision.
Proceedings were terminated.
Other:
Date: Oct 7, 2013

mmigration Judge
Appeal: Wai ved.erve Appeal Due By:
U
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UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE
EXECUTIVE OFFICE FOR IMMIGRATION REVIEW
UNITED STATES IMMIGRATION COURT
FLORENCE, ARIZONA
File: A091-684-104
In the Mater of
October 7, 2013
RAUL SAINZ-RIVERA
)
)
)
)
IN REMOVAL PROCEEDINGS
RESPONDENT
CHARGES:
APPLICATIONS:
ON BEHALF OF RESPONDENT: PRO SE
ON BEHALF OF OHS: PAUL M. HABICH
ORAL DECISION OF THE IMMIGRATION JUDGE
The procedural histor of this case is not in dispute. It is fully set out in the
oral decision of the Immigration Judge dated April 18, 2013 which is by this reference
incorporated herein. The Board of Immigration Appeals remanded this matter to the
Cour by order dated August 30, 2013 wherein this Cour was instructed to consider and
fully set forh on the record its fndings and analysis on the issue of whether
respondent's to aggravated driving under the influence of intoxicating liquor or drug
convictions under ARS 281383(a)(1) are crimes involving moral turpitude utilizing the
modifed categorcal approach. The Cour notes that Arizona's aggravated DUI statute
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(ARS 281383) is divisible and pursuant to Olivas Mota (2013 9th Circuit) and the United
States Supreme Court case Descamps v. U.S., I do not have a complete citation but it
was decided on June 20, 2013, the Cour will refer only to the cognizable record of
conviction in making its determination as to whether respondent's convictions are
CIMTs under the modifed categorical approach. Exhibits 1 through 4 have been
previously admitted into the record and identifed and the only additional exhibit which
the Cour will mark and accept into evidence is Exhibit 5 which is a BIA record on
remand. The Cour notes that its CIMT analysis was in fact fully set forh on the record
at the conclusion of the Februar 21, 2013 evidentiar hearing. Nonetheless, the Cour
will proceed as directed by the BIA and once again set forh its analysis and findings.
As to allegations 7 and 8, the Cour fnds that Exhibit 4 which was
admited into evidence on Februar 5, 2013 establishes at tab B that in criminal case
number 2006005604-001 DT in the Maricopa County Superior Cour on March 7, 2011
the respondent was convicted of the crime of aggravated driving or actual physical
control while under the influence of intoxicating liquor or drugs in violation of ARS
281381A1 et. seq., a class 4 felony committed on April 18, 2003. The change of plea
transcript generally referred to as the plea colloquy is set forh in Exhibit 4, tab B, and
reads as follows. The Cour addresses respondent's criminal counsel and asks that the
factual basis be provided. Respondent's criminal counsel responds "in the 2006 case of
April 18, 2013 here in Maricopa County my client was operating a motor vehicle while
his ability to do so was impaired at least to the slightest degree by alcohol. The police
stopped him for a trafic violation and a DUI investigation ensued. It revealed a blood
alcohol concentration of a .216. Also during that time he didn't have a valid drivers
license because it was suspended, revoked, cancelled, or refuted and he was aware of
the status of his driver's license." The Criminal Cour then inquires as to the respondent
A091-684-104
2
October 7, 2013
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as follows: "Sir, you heard what your lawyer said. Is that what you did on April 18,
2003?" The respondent responds "yes". Based upon the change of plea colloquy and
the evidence herein, the Cour finds that on April 18, 2003 respondent drove an
automobile while intoxicated to the slightest degree and he knew at that time that his
driver's license was suspende
d
, revoked, or refuted. The Court finds these facts
suficient to sustain a finding of the requisite CIMT scienter and accordingly the Cour
afirms its prior decision sustaining allegations 7 and 8.
As to allegations 9 and 10, the Cour finds as follows. Puruant to Exhibit
4 at tab C the Cour finds that in criminal case number 2011005570-001 OT in the
Maricopa County Superior Cour on March 7, 2011 pursuant to the sentencing minute
entr on that same date the respondent was convicted of the crime of aggravated
driving or actual physical control while under the influence of intoxicating liquor or drugs
in violation of ARS 28-1381 (A)(1) et. seq., a class 4 felony. The ofense was committed
on October 30, 2011. The Criminal Cour sentencing minute entry furher establishes
that respondent was sentenced to four months imprisonment, five years probation, and
was ordered to pay various fines. The change of plea transcript which appears at
Exhibit 4, tab D, page 5, which is generally referred to the plea colloquy, set forh the
fact basis for the ofense as fllows: the Criminal Cour to respondent's counsel, "Next
factual basis." The respondent's criminal counsel responds as follows: "In the 2011
case on October 30th of 2010 my client was operating a motor vehicle while his abilit
to do so was impaired by alcohol to the slightest degree. He had a breath alcohol
concentration of a .213 within to hour of driving. Also, his driver's license was
suspended, revoked, cancelled, or refuted and he was aware of the status of his
license. " The Cour to respondent: "Sir, you heard what your lawyer said, is that what
you did on October 30th of 201 O?" Respondent responds: "yes." Based upon the
A091-684-104 3 October 7, 2013
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change of plea colloquy and the evidence herein, the Cour finds that on October 30,
2010 the respondent was intoxicated to the slightest degree and at that time he knew
his driver's license was suspended, revoked, cancelled, or refuted. The Cour finds
these facts suficient to sustain the CIMT scienter requirement. Accordingly, the Cour
afirms its prior ordering sustaining allegations 9 and 10.
As to allegation 11, as previously and more fully set frh herein the Cour
finds that respondent's two aggravated DUI ofenses were committed on April 18, 2003
and October 30, 2010 respectively. Accordingly, the Cour finds that the ofenses did
not rise out of a single scheme of criminal misconduct. The Court afirms its prior order
sustaining allegation 10.
As to the charge at issue, the Cour finds that based on its prior findings
set frh herein respondent has been convicted of two crimes involving moral turpitude
not arising out of a single scheme of criminal misconduct. Accordingly, the
237(a)(2)(A)(i) charge which was previously sustained is again sustained. The Cour
finds upon these facts that respondent is not eligible for cancellation of removal for
certain non-permanent residents and respondent is not eligible for any other forms of
relief as previously set frh herein. Accordingly, the Court afirms its prior order of
removal dated April 18, 2013 and no current removal order will be entered simply
because this is a BIA remand and no additional order of removal is necessary.
A091-684-104
W -
SILVIA R. ARELLANO
Immigration Judge
4 October 7, 2013
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CERTIFICATE PAGE
I hereby cerif that the attached proceeding befre JUDGE SILVIA R.
ARELLANO, in the mater of:
RAUL SAINZ-RIVERA
A091-684-1 04
FLORENCE, ARIZONA
was held as herein appears, and that this is the original transcript thereof for the fle of
the Executive Ofice for Immigration Review.
EVALENA E. CLRK (Transcriber)
DEPOSITION SERVICES, lnc.-2
DECEMBER 14, 2013
(Completion Date)
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