Overview of Propulsion Control
Overview of Propulsion Control
Overview of Propulsion Control
AIAA20124255
October 2012
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AIAA20124255
Prepared for the 48th Joint Propulsion Conference and Exhibit cosponsored by the AIAA, ASME, SAE, and ASEE Atlanta, Georgia, July 30August 1, 2012
National Aeronautics and Space Administration Glenn Research Center Cleveland, Ohio 44135
October 2012
Acknowledgments
The author will like to thank all the members of the Controls and Dynamics Branch for their enthusiasm and initiative in performing the research documented in this paper, and for providing the graphics and information for the paper. The Branch members including civil servants and contractors are: Rachael Bis, Joseph Connolly, Amy Chicatelli, Jeff Csank, Dennis Culley, John DeLaat, Christopher Fulton, Ten-Huei Guo, George Kopasakis, Jonathan Litt, James Liu, William Maul, Ryan May, Kevin Melcher, Daniel Paxson, Joseph Saus, Donald Simon, Shane Sowers, Thomas Stueber, Randy Thomas and Edmond Wong. The author will also like to thank the various NASA program/project managers who have supported these research efforts.
Trade names and trademarks are used in this report for identification only. Their usage does not constitute an official endorsement, either expressed or implied, by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Level of Review: This material has been technically reviewed by technical management.
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Abstract
With the increased emphasis on aircraft safety, enhanced performance and affordability, and the need to reduce the environmental impact of aircraft, there are many new challenges being faced by the designers of aircraft propulsion systems. The Controls and Dynamics Branch (CDB) at NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) Glenn Research Center (GRC) in Cleveland, Ohio, is leading and participating in various projects in partnership with other organizations within GRC and across NASA, the U.S. aerospace industry, and academia to develop advanced controls and health management technologies that will help meet these challenges through the concept of an Intelligent Engine. CDB conducts propulsion control and diagnostics research in support of various programs and projects under the NASA Aeronautics Research Mission Directorate and the Human Exploration and Operations Mission Directorate. The paper first provides an overview of the various research tasks in CDB relative to the NASA programs and projects, and briefly describes the progress being made on each of these tasks. The discussion here is at a high level providing the objectives of the tasks, the technical challenges in meeting the objectives and most recent accomplishments. References are provided for each of the technical tasks for the reader to familiarize themselves with the details.
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An Integrated Architecture for Aircraft Engine Performance Trend Monitoring and Gas Path Fault Diagnostics
Aircraft engine performance trend monitoring and gas path fault diagnostics are closely related technologies that assist operators in managing the health of their gas turbine engine assets. Trend monitoring is the process of monitoring the gradual performance change that an aircraft engine will naturally incur over time due to turbomachinery deterioration, while gas path diagnostics is the process of detecting and isolating the occurrence of any faults impacting engine flow-path performance. Today, these functions are conventionally performed based on the post-flight processing of a small number of engine snapshot measurements collected each flight. Often, this processing does not happen until several days after the flight has occurred causing significant diagnostic latency. Additionally, the resulting health information is only available off-board. An enhanced architecture has been designed to address these limitations by migrating portions of the conventional ground-based functionality on-board. This is done to enable the real-time continuous monitoring of engine health, the earlier diagnosis of faults, and the estimation of unmeasured engine performance parameters that can be directly applied for on-board controls and health management applications. The architecture contains two engine models designed to operate in parallel. The first model, referred to as the real-time adaptive performance model (RTAPM), continuously self-tunes internal tuning parameters that allow it to match the performance level of the physical engine. Performance parameter estimates produced by the RTAPM can be used for controls purposes. The second model, referred to as the performance baseline model (PBM), serves as a baseline of recent past engine performance. Residuals between the engine and PBM outputs are analyzed for fault diagnostic purposes. The applicability of this approach for reliable fault detection and isolation with improved latency was demonstrated using a detailed engine dynamic simulation. Ref.: Simon, D. L., An Integrated Architecture for Onboard Aircraft Engine Performance Trend Monitoring and Gas Path Fault Diagnostics, NASA/TM-2010-216358, Proceedings of The 2010 JANNAF Joint Subcommittee Meeting, Colorado Springs, CO, May 3-7, 2010.
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Concluding Remarks
The Controls and Dynamics Branch (CDB) at NASA Glenn Research Center is working in strong partnership with industry, academia and other government agencies to develop the propulsion control and health management technologies that will help meet NASAs Aeronautics Research Mission and Human Exploration and Operations Mission objectives. For the Aeronautics Research Mission, CDB is conducting research in: Distributed Engine Control architectures and technologies development, Model-Based Engine Control, Active Combustion Control, and High Speed Propulsion System Dynamic Modeling and Control, to help meet the objectives of the Fundamental Aeronautics Program; Gas Path Health Management, Enhanced Engine Response Control, and Robust Propulsion Control to help meet the goals of the Aviation Safety Program; and health management technologies development to help meet the challenge for safe and efficient operation of the Space Launch System. Our aim is to use the public resources in a most efficient manner to make a significant contribution to the aggressive goals that have been set by the administrator in the latest strategic plan for NASA, and to ensure that our activities are aligned with the goals of the NASA Missions that we participate in. We take a systems level approach to ensure that the various components of a control or diagnostic system work together as an integrated system to achieve the desired objectives. CDB also actively pursues opportunities to disseminate information on our technology development efforts to the aerospace research community by presenting papers at technical conferences, holding the GRC Propulsion Control and Diagnostics Workshop on a bi-annual basis, and making available various software tools for enabling advanced research in propulsion control and diagnostics.
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2. REPORT TYPE
01-10-2012
4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE
Technical Memorandum
Garg, Sanjay
WBS 432938.11.01.03.02.02.15
7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES)
National Aeronautics and Space Administration John H. Glenn Research Center at Lewis Field Cleveland, Ohio 44135-3191
E-18429
NASA
11. SPONSORING/MONITORING REPORT NUMBER
NASA/TM-2012-217718
12. DISTRIBUTION/AVAILABILITY STATEMENT
14. ABSTRACT
With the increased emphasis on aircraft safety, enhanced performance and affordability, and the need to reduce the environmental impact of aircraft, there are many new challenges being faced by the designers of aircraft propulsion systems. The Controls and Dynamics Branch (CDB) at NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) Glenn Research Center (GRC) in Cleveland, Ohio, is leading and participating in various projects in partnership with other organizations within GRC and across NASA, the U.S. aerospace industry, and academia to develop advanced controls and health management technologies that will help meet these challenges through the concept of an Intelligent Engine. CDB conducts propulsion control and diagnostics research in support of various programs and projects under the NASA Aeronautics Research Mission Directorate and the Human Exploration and Operations Mission Directorate. The paper first provides an overview of the various research tasks in CDB relative to the NASA programs and projects, and briefly describes the progress being made on each of these tasks. The discussion here is at a high level providing the objectives of the tasks, the technical challenges in meeting the objectives and most recent accomplishments. References are provided for each of the technical tasks for the reader to familiarize themselves with the details.
15. SUBJECT TERMS
UU
32
443-757-5802
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