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School of Civil Engineering and Geosciences

This document contains an exam for a course on economic and environmental appraisal of transport activities. It provides 5 questions related to appraising transport schemes and policies. Question 1 asks about changes in demand schedules and evaluating a public transport policy to reduce fares. Question 2 focuses on the importance of considering social and distributional impacts, and how they are assessed. Question 3 describes tools used to assess economic impacts and how values are assigned to travel time. Question 4 reviews sustainability goals for transport and compares them to assessment methods. Question 5 addresses appraising noise impacts and evaluating effects on the natural environment.

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50 views3 pages

School of Civil Engineering and Geosciences

This document contains an exam for a course on economic and environmental appraisal of transport activities. It provides 5 questions related to appraising transport schemes and policies. Question 1 asks about changes in demand schedules and evaluating a public transport policy to reduce fares. Question 2 focuses on the importance of considering social and distributional impacts, and how they are assessed. Question 3 describes tools used to assess economic impacts and how values are assigned to travel time. Question 4 reviews sustainability goals for transport and compares them to assessment methods. Question 5 addresses appraising noise impacts and evaluating effects on the natural environment.

Uploaded by

mkaswa
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CIV8413

NEWCASTLE UNIVERSITY
SCHOOL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND GEOSCIENCES

______________________ SEMESTER 2 2009-2010 ______________________

ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL APPRAISAL OF TRANSPORT ACTIVITIES

Time allowed: 2 hours

Instructions to candidates:1. Answer 3 of the 5 questions. 2. All questions carry equal marks.

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CIV8413 QUESTION 1 a) Describe the difference between the movement along the demand schedules, and the shift in the demand schedules. Your answer should include the reasons for these changes. [12 marks] b) A public transport authority (PTA) expects to generate additional journey-towork trips by Metro under their sustainable transport scheme. As a means of achieving this objective, the PTA has decided to reduce the fares charged on peak-hour services. This will be done by reducing the average fare from its current price of 2.20/trip to 1.75/trip. The current patronage is 120 million passenger journeys each year which would increase to 160 million passengers at a lower fare. These additional peak hour trips will incur an additional operating costs of 30 million per year. (i) Considering both PTA as well as user perspectives, investigate whether the planned policy is worth carrying out. [16 marks] What other factors might be important in considering this policy in a wider context? [5 marks]

(ii)

QUESTION 2 a) Why is it important to consider the way impacts of a transport scheme are distributed? [7 marks] b) Does the standard cost-benefit analysis method provide a good means to take account of the social and distributional impacts of a transport scheme? Give reasons for your answer. [6 marks] In NATA, which goals/challenges contribute most directly to the appraisal of the possible impact of a transport scheme on factors contributing to social exclusion? [5 marks] Give an outline of the process of carrying out an SDI appraisal in NATA. [15 marks]

c)

d)

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CIV8413 QUESTION 3 a) In assessing economic impacts under NATA there are three main tables, in addition to the AST, which are used to summarise and record different types of economic impact data, known by the acronyms TEE, PA and AMCB. Describe each of them, giving an overview of the nature of the economic impacts contained in each and the way that they are disaggregated, if appropriate. Describe how they relate to the AST and the data that are passed from one to another. [16 marks] b) Travel time savings often constitute a large portion of the overall user benefit of a transport project. Describe the ways in which values are ascribed to travel time in both the work and the non-work contexts, highlighting the differences of approach. [17 marks]

QUESTION 4 a) Critically review the five goals and their challenges for transport which have been set in the Governments policy document DaSTS (Delivering a Sustainable Transport System). Discuss how the DaSTS goals and challenges map on to the goals and challenges in NATA. [20 marks] b) Discuss the main changes in NATA Refresh from its previous version. [5 marks] Discuss the various appraisal periods for which the information is presented for different Challenges in the Appraisal Summary Table. [8 marks]

c)

QUESTION 5 a) Discuss the major noise impacts from road transport. Describe the methodology for appraisal of noise impacts in NATA. [17 marks] b) Describe the Environmental Capital Approach adopted in NATA for appraisal of Landscape, Heritage, Biodiversity and Water Environment. [16 marks]

END OF PAPER

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