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Yeild Line Theory

Yield line analysis is used to analyze two-way reinforced concrete slabs. It involves identifying yield lines, which represent cracks that form under ultimate loading and separate the slab into rigid segments. Key assumptions are that reinforcement yields along yield lines, slab deforms plastically along yield lines while segments remain plane, and moments are uniformly distributed along yield lines. Yield lines are predicted using rules such as being straight lines between intersections and passing through adjacent segment rotation axes at intersections.

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Arafath Khan
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473 views3 pages

Yeild Line Theory

Yield line analysis is used to analyze two-way reinforced concrete slabs. It involves identifying yield lines, which represent cracks that form under ultimate loading and separate the slab into rigid segments. Key assumptions are that reinforcement yields along yield lines, slab deforms plastically along yield lines while segments remain plane, and moments are uniformly distributed along yield lines. Yield lines are predicted using rules such as being straight lines between intersections and passing through adjacent segment rotation axes at intersections.

Uploaded by

Arafath Khan
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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In the case of two-way slab systems, which are statically indeterminate, detailed inelastic analysis (yield line analysis)

is conducted. The moment coefficients given in the Code IS 456:200(Table 26) for two-way rectangular slabs with various possible edge conditions are based on Yield Line Analysis. Yield line analysis is the equivalent for a two -dimensional flexural member (plate or slab) of the limit analysis of a one-dimensional member (continuous beam), Yield lines Typical crack patterns generated when ultimate moment is reached Characteristics of yield lines are, i) Yield lines are straight ii) Yield lines end at supporting edges of slab iii) Yield lines passes through intersection of axis of rotation of adjacent slab elements iv) Axis of rotation lies along lines of supports and passes over columns

Fig: Typical interior panel in a two-way slab system

Fig: Yield line pattern under uniformly distributed collapse load

Fig: Deflected shape at collapse (section A-A)

Assumptions of Yield Line Theory:


The following are the assumptions of the yield line analysis of reinforced concrete slabs: 1. The steel reinforcement is fully yielded along the yield lines at collapse. Rotation following yield is at constant moment. 2. The slab deforms plastically at collapse and is separated into segments by the yield lines. The individual segments of the slab behave elastically. 3. The elastic deformations are neglected and plastic deformations are only considered. The entire deformations, therefore, take place onlyalong the yield lines. The individual segments of the slab remain plane even in the collapse condition.

4. The bending and twisting moments are uniformly distributed along the yield lines. The maximum values of the moments depend on the capacities of the section based on the amount of reinforcement provided in the section. 5. The yield lines are straight lines as they are the lines of intersection between two planes.

Rules of yield lines:


The two terms, positive and negative yield lines, are used in the analysis to designate the yield lines for positive bending moments having tension at the bottom and negative bending moments having tension at the top of the slab, respectively. The following are the guidelines for predicting the yield lines and axes of rotation: 1. Yield lines between two intersecting planes are straight lines. 2. Positive yield line will be at the mid-span of one-way simply supported slabs. 3. Negative yield lines will occur at the supports in addition to the positive yield lines at the mid-span of one-way continuous slabs. 4. Yield lines will occur under point loads and they will be radiating outward from the point of application of the point loads. 5. Yield line between two slab segments should pass through the point of intersection of the axes of rotation of the adjacent slab segments. 6. Yield lines should end at the boundary of the slab or at another yield line. 7. Yield lines represent the axes of rotation. 8. Supported edges of the slab will also act as axes of rotation. However, the fixed supports provide constant resistance to rotation having negative yield lines at the supported edges. On the other hand, axes of rotation at the simply supported edges will not provide any resistance to rotation of the segment. 9. Axis of rotation will pass over any column support, if provided, whose orientation will depend on other considerations.

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