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Lab Questions

The document discusses the ultrastructure of various cell types including elodea cells, cheek cells, potato cells, and red blood cells. It compares their structures such as cell walls, chloroplasts, and shapes. It also examines how salt water affects elodea cell membranes and explains the fluid mosaic model of cell membranes.

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99 views2 pages

Lab Questions

The document discusses the ultrastructure of various cell types including elodea cells, cheek cells, potato cells, and red blood cells. It compares their structures such as cell walls, chloroplasts, and shapes. It also examines how salt water affects elodea cell membranes and explains the fluid mosaic model of cell membranes.

Uploaded by

ssullivan611
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SeanSullivan Dr.Lennox Period7 October31,2013 UltrastructureConclusionQuestions A.Thecontrastbetweentheelodeaandcheekcellsissimply,ashasbeenobserved,thatthe elodeahasacellwallandchloroplastsandthecheekcellsdonot.Theyaresimilarintheirother characteristics,however,suchasthecellmembraneandnucleus. B.Thecheekcellsthatwereobservedwereflatandrelativelysmoothsidedfigures,mostly hexagonal.Thisshapeisperfectforcoveringtheinsideofonescheekasthesecellsdo,asthey functionandareshapedsimilartotiles.Theredbloodcellsshapeallowsittotransportoxygento partsofthebodywithmaximumefficiencyasithasahighratioofsurfaceareatovolumeandis nottoojagged. C.Theintroductionofsaltwatertotheelodeacausedthecellmembranetoshrinkdueto dehydration.

Thedehydrationofthecellisultimatelycausedbythediffusionofthehigher concentrationofwaterwithinthecelltothatofthesaltwateroutsidethecell. D.Inpotatocells,leucoplastsareusedtostorestarch.Inanelodeacell,therewouldalsomost likelybeleucoplastsaselodeacellsalsohaveaneedtostorenutrients. E.Nucleoli,ribosomes,andvacuolesallwentunobserved.Thefirsttwomostlikelybecauseof theirminutesize,whereasthevacuolewasmostlikelynotviewedbecauseofitsseethrough quality. F.Inafluidmosaicmodelofthebilayerofamembrane,lipidsandproteinsarepresent.

Carbohydratesidechainscouldalsobepartofthebilayerofamembrane. G.Thestructureofamembranemustbefluidbecauseitallowsformovementofproteinsand lipidswithinthemembraneitself.Thismakestransportwithinandthroughthemembrane significantlyeasier.Theasymmetricalstructureofthemembranehelpsittomaintainhomeostasis. Witharigidlymaintainedsystemofasymmetryontheouterandinnersidesofthemembrane,the cellisabletokeepastableinnerenvironment. H.Biochemicalmoleculestructureisimportantinstructureinfunctionofcellsinamultitudeof ways.Inthemembrane,specifically,lipidsallowforfluidityandhelptokeephydrophilic substancesout.ThisfluidityalsoallowsfortransportasmentionedinG.Nucleicacidsallowfor thereproductionofcellsandkeepthegeneticinformation.Carbohydrateshelptostoreenergyfor cellsintheleucoplastsofpotatoesforexample.Lastly,proteinsresidingwithinthemembrane allowsforasymmetrythatprovidesthehomeostasisofthecellnecessaryforlife. I.Cellsmustpackagesomeoftheirownproductsinsuchorganellesasvesicles,inordertoprotect theproductsfromtheenvironmentsinwhichtransportwouldbeinefficientorlesseffective.Some reactionscanoccuronlyatcertainpHlevelssobystoringitsownproductsthecellisableto optimizethesereactions.Somematerialsthecellhas,also,couldbedestroyedbyenzymeswithin thecytoplasm,makingitnecessaryforthemtobepackaged. J.Macrophagesengulfpathogensandhelpwithdirectingotherimmunecells.Essentially,they playanessentialroleinprotectingthehostthroughtissuerepairandthedestructionofpathogens. Theymovethroughoutthehosttocompletetheseactionsbyformingapseudopodiawiththeir cytoplasmintheactofamoeboidmovement.

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