Name Date Pd
Energy Storage and Transfer Model Worksheet 4:
Quantitative Energy Calculations & Energy Conservation
Be careful with units and unit conversions! 1. How much kinetic energy does a 2000 kg SUV traveling 70 mph have? (1 mile = 1600 meters)
1hr m 70 miles 1600 3600 = 31.1 m hr 1mi s s
Ek =
mv 2 =
( 2000kg ) (31.1 )
m s
= 967,000J or 967kJ
2. Consider your 3 kg physics binder resting on the table in the classroom. Determine the gravitational energy of the earthbook system if the zero reference level is chosen to be: Eg = mg h a) the table Because h = 0, Eg = 0 b) the floor, 0.68 meters below the book
N Eg = 3.0kg 10 kg 0.68m = 20.4J
)(
)(
c) the ceiling, 2.5 meters above the book N Eg 3.0kg 10 kg 2.50m 75J Eg is (-) because the object is below the zero reference level. 3. A bungee cord stretches 25 meters and has a spring constant of 140 N/m. How much energy is stored in the bungee? 2 N Eel 12 k x 2 12 140 m 25m 43,800J 4. How fast does a 50 gram arrow need to travel to have 40 joules of kinetic energy? 2( 40 J ) Ek = 12 mv 2 v = 0.050kg = 40 m s 5. How much energy is stored when a railroad car spring is compressed 10 cm? N N (The spring requires about 10,000 N to be compressed 3.0 cm.) k 10,000 .030 m 333,000 m
Eel =
k x2 =
(333,000 ) (0.10m)
N m
= 1670J
Modeling Instruction - AMTA 2013
U8 Energy - ws 4 v3.1
6. A cart moving at 5.0 m/s collides with a spring. At the instant the cart is motionless, what is the largest amount that the spring could be compressed? Assume no friction. a. Define the system with the energy flow diagram, then complete the energy bar graphs qualitatively.
Energy (J)
m = 8.0 kg v = 5.0 m/s k = 50 N/m v=0 Ek Eg Eel
System/Flow
Ek Eg
Eel
Eth
Energy (J)
cart spring
0
Position A
0
Position B
b. Quantitative Energy Conservation Equation: Ek = Eel 12 mv 2 = 12 k x 2 c. Determine the maximum compression of the spring.
8.0kg 25 m mv 2 s2 1 mv = 1 k x x = = = 2.0m 2 2 N k 50 m
2
7. A rock is shot straight up into the air with a slingshot that had been stretched 0.30 m. Assume no air resistance. a. Qualitatively complete the energy flow diagram and the energy bar graphs.
m = 500 g v=0 k = 100 N/m x = 0.30 m Ek Eg Eel
System/Flow
Ek Eg
Eel
Eth
Energy (J)
rock slingshot
0 A B
1
0
Position A
Energy (J)
0
Position B
b. Quantitative Energy Conservation Equation:
Eel = Eg
k x2 = mg h
c. Determine the greatest height the rock could reach.
N 100 m 0.30m k x2 9.0Nm 1 k x 2 = mg h h = = = = 0.90m 2 N 2mg 2 0.50kg 10 kg 10N
)(
Modeling Instruction - AMTA 2013
U8 Energy - ws 4 v3.1
8. Determine final velocity of the rollercoaster, assuming a 10% loss to friction.
m = 40 kg v=0 5.0 m
Energy (J)
coaster Earth track
Position A
B
0
Energy (J)
Ek Eg
Eel
System/Flow
Ek Eg
Eel
Eth
0
Position B
1 Eg = Ek + Eth Eg - 10 E g = Ek
0.90m g h =
mv 2 2 0.90gh = v 2
N v = 1.8 10 kg 5.0m = 90 m = 9.5 m s s2
2
Modeling Instruction - AMTA 2013
U8 Energy - ws 4 v3.1
