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Range

The document defines and provides examples of calculating several statistical measures of dispersion from data, including range, quartile deviation, mean deviation, standard deviation, and variance. Range is defined as the difference between the largest and smallest values. Quartile deviation is half the difference between the third and first quartiles. Mean deviation is the average of the deviations from the mean, median, or mode. Standard deviation is the positive square root of the average of the squared deviations from the mean. Variance is the square of the standard deviation, representing the average of the squared deviations from the mean.

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236 views6 pages

Range

The document defines and provides examples of calculating several statistical measures of dispersion from data, including range, quartile deviation, mean deviation, standard deviation, and variance. Range is defined as the difference between the largest and smallest values. Quartile deviation is half the difference between the third and first quartiles. Mean deviation is the average of the deviations from the mean, median, or mode. Standard deviation is the positive square root of the average of the squared deviations from the mean. Variance is the square of the standard deviation, representing the average of the squared deviations from the mean.

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456786
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© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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Range : The range is the simplest measure of dispersion.

It is defined as the difference between the largest value and smallest value in the data. It is categorized as: R = Xm - Xo Xm mean the largest value Xo mean the smallest value Example # 1: find range and its co efficient for following data. 13, 23, 11, 25, 18, 20, 40 Xm = 40 & Xo = 11 Range = Xm - Xo = 40 11 =29 answer Co eff of range = Semi- inter quartile range: The semi inter quartile range or quartile deviation is defined as half of the difference between third and first quartile. Quartile deviation denoted by Q.D and defined as: Q.D = Co efficient of Q.D = For un grouped data: Q1 = the value of Q3 = the value of For grouped data: Q1 = L+ Q3 = L+ th item th item = = = 0.59 answer

[ - c] [ - c]

Example # 2: find quartile deviation and its co eff from following data. 9, 12, 5, 4, 3, 6, 11, 5, 2, 11, 9, 13, 7, 6, 8 Solution: 2, 3, 4, 5, 5, 6, 6, 7, 7, 8, 9, 9, 11, 11, 12, 13 n = 16

Q1 = the value of Q1 = the value of

th item th item = 4.25th item

= 4th item + 0.25(5th item 4th item) = 5 Q3 = the value of th item = 12.75th item

= 12th item + 0.75(13th item 12th item) = 10.5 Q.D =

= 2.75

Co- eff of Q.D =

= 0.355

Example # 3: calculate the quartile deviation for the following data Class interval 0 10 Frequency Solution: Class interval 0 10 10 20 20 30 30 40 40 50 50 60 Frequency 15 20 30 21 13 10 Commulative frequency 15 35 65 86 99 109 15 10 20 20 20 30 30 30 40 21 40 50 13 50 60 10

Q1 = the value of th item = 109 / 4 = 27.25th item Q1 lies in group 10 25 Q1 = L+ [ - c] = 10+ Q3 = the value of

- 15] = 16.125

th item = 3109/ 4 = 81.75th item

Q3 lies in group 30 - 40 Q3 = L+

- c] = 30+

- 65] = 37.98

Mean deviation: The mean deviation is defined as the average of the deviation of the value from an average. The mean deviation also known as the average deviation and the mean deviation so obtained are respectively term as: 1. Mean deviation from mean 2. Mean deviation from median 3. Mean deviation from mode The formula of the mean deviation Un grouped data Mean deviation from mean: M.D = X - / n Mean deviation from median: M.D = X - / n Mean deviation from mode: M.D = X - mode/ n M.D = fX - mode/ f Example # 4: find the M.D of mean, median and mode in the following data: 30, 33, 35, 40 Solution: X 30 33 35 40 x = 138 X - 4.5 1.5 0.5 5.5 X - = 12 X - 4 1 1 6 X - = 12 M.D = fX - / f M.D = fX - / f Grouped data

= x / n = 138 /4 = 34.5 Median = 34 M.D from mean = 12/ 4 = 3 M.D from median = 12/ 4 = 3 answer

Example # 5: find the M.D of mean, median and mode in the following data:

Weight 110 119 120 129 130 139 Solution: C.B f X 114.5 124.5 134.5

Frequency 1 4 17 fX - 17.28 29.12 46.24 92.64 fX - 18.53 34.12 24.99 77.64 fX - mode 19.33 37.32 11.39 68.04

C.F 1 5 22

Fx 114.5 495 2286.5 2899

109.5 119.5 1 119.5 129.5 4 129.5 139.5 17 Total 22

= fx / f = 2899/ 22 = 131.78 Md = n/2th item = 22/2 = 11th item Md lies in group 129.5 139.5 Md = L+ [ - c] = 129.5+ Mode = L+ [ h - 5] = 129.5 + 3.53 = 133.03 = 129.5+ = 4.21 = = 3.53 = 0.0319 10 = 129.5 + 4.33 = 133.83

M.D about mean = fX - / f = Co- eff M.D about mean = M.D about md = fX - / f = Co- eff M.d =

= 3.53 / 133.03 = 0.0265 = 3.0927

M.D about mode = fX - mode/ f = Co- eff M.d = Standard deviation:

= 3.0927 / 133.83 = 0.0231

The standard deviation is the positive square root of the arithmetic mean of the squared deviation measured from the mean.

Formulas of standard deviation: Un grouped data Direct method: S= Grouped data

( )

S=

Short cut method: S=

S=

Coding method: S=

S=

Example # 6 compute the standard deviation for the following distribution: Weights: 50 -55 F Solution: Weights 50 55 55 60 60 65 65 70 70 75 Total F 2 3 11 31 84 134 X 52.5 57.5 62.5 67.5 72.5 D -9 -8 0 23 73 U -1.8 -1.6 0 4.6 14.6 Fu -3.6 -4.8 0 156.4 1226.4 1374.4 Fu2 6.48 7.68 0 719.49 17905.44 18639.04 2 55 60 3 60 65 11 65 70 34 70 - 75 84

S= S=

( (

) 5

5.82 5 = 29.11

Variance: The variance of a distribution is defined as the arithmetic mean of the square of the deviations, taken from the mean of the distribution and is denoted by S2. The variance is therefore the square of the standard deviation. It is given by: For ungrouped data: S2 = ( )

For grouped data: S2 = Note: all the above formulas of standard deviation is square both side the formulas made variance formulas. ( )

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