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Module Induction of Mathematical Reasoning

(1) The document provides examples of 10 sequences and asks to determine the general term for each using induction. The sequences follow patterns like an + b, an2 + bn + c, etc. (2) Answers are provided that give the general term for each sequence in terms of n. For example, the first sequence is 4n - 3 where n = 0, 1, 2, etc. (3) Techniques for finding the general term using induction are described as copying unchanged terms, replacing changing terms with n, and stating the values of n.

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Lim Wai Wai Smktp
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126 views

Module Induction of Mathematical Reasoning

(1) The document provides examples of 10 sequences and asks to determine the general term for each using induction. The sequences follow patterns like an + b, an2 + bn + c, etc. (2) Answers are provided that give the general term for each sequence in terms of n. For example, the first sequence is 4n - 3 where n = 0, 1, 2, etc. (3) Techniques for finding the general term using induction are described as copying unchanged terms, replacing changing terms with n, and stating the values of n.

Uploaded by

Lim Wai Wai Smktp
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Mathematics SPM

Topic 4 : Mathematical Reasoning 4.6 Deduction and Induction.


1. Make a general conclusion by induction for the following sequences.
(a)

5 =(0) + 5
6 =(1) + 5
7 =(2) + 5
8= (3) + 5
..............
()+5
n+5
n = 0,1,2 . . .

(1) 3 =
1=
5=
9=

4(0)
4(1)
4(2)
4(3)

3
3
3
3

..............

(5) 35 = 4 ( 3 ) 2 1
63 = 4 (4 ) 2 1
99 = 4 (5 ) 2 1
143 = 4 (6 ) 2 1
..............

(b)

3=2( 2 ) 1
5=2( 3 ) 1
7=2( 4 ) 1
9=2( 5 ) 1
..............
2()1
2(n) 1
n = 0,1,2 . . .

(2) 6 = 2 (1 )2 + 4
2

12 = 2 (2 ) + 4
22 = 2 (3 )2 + 4
36 = 2 (4 )2 + 4

.............

(6) 1 = 2 1 1
3 = 22 1
7 = 23 1
15 = 2 4 1
..............

(9) 4 = 3 x 1 + 1
13 = 3 x 4 + 1
28 = 3 x 9 + 1
49 = 3 x 16 + 1

..............

Technique 3+1 4.6 Deduction and Induction.

(c) 3
4
. 7
12

=(0)2
=(1)2
=(2)2
=(3)2

+ 3
+ 3
+3
+3

..............
( )2+3
n2 + 3

n = 0,1,2 . . .
(3) 12 = 2 (3 ) 2 6
26 = 2 (4 ) 2 6
44 = 2 (5 ) 2 6
66 = 2 (6 ) 2 6
..............

(7) 10 =
13 =
19 =
31 =

3x20+7
3x21+7
3x22+7
3x23+7

..............

(10)

6=
12 =
20 =
30 =

3
4
5
6

x
x
x
x

2
3
4
5

..............

(Finding the trend)


Copy the
unchanged terms.
Replace changed
term ( the
sequence) as n.
state the values
of n (3 # + 3 ..)
(4) 1 = 7 (2)3
20 = 7 (3)3
57 = 7 (4)3
128 = 7 (5)3

..............

(8) 19 = 42 + 3
67 = 43 + 3
259 = 44 + 3
1028 = 45 + 3

..............

Mathematics SPM

Answer
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

4n 3 , n = 0,1,2, . . .
2n2 + 4 , n = 1,2,3, . . .
2n2 6 , n = 3,4,5, . . .
7 n3 , n = 2, 3 ,4 , . . .
4n2 1 , n = 3,4,5, . . .
2n 1, n = 1,2,3 , . . .
3(2n) + 7 , n = 0,1,2, . . .
4n + 3 , n = 2,3,4, . . .
3n2 + 1 , n = 1,2,3, . . .
n ( n + 1 ) or n2 + n , n = 2,3,4, . . .
or ( n 1 )(n) or n2 n , n = 3,4,5, . . .

Technique 3+1 4.6 Deduction and Induction.

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