Scribd
Upload
54 views16 pages

Powers Are Used in Digital Data

This document discusses digital data and binary numbers. It begins with a riddle about paying debts in pennies that double daily or a flat $1,000 per day. It then covers topics like number bases, with decimal as base 10 and binary as base 2. Binary uses only two digits, 0 and 1. The document explains how to convert between binary and decimal using place values of powers of 2 and remainders. It provides examples of converting specific numbers between binary and decimal number systems.

Uploaded by

Alejandro Aguilar
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
54 views16 pages

Powers Are Used in Digital Data

This document discusses digital data and binary numbers. It begins with a riddle about paying debts in pennies that double daily or a flat $1,000 per day. It then covers topics like number bases, with decimal as base 10 and binary as base 2. Binary uses only two digits, 0 and 1. The document explains how to convert between binary and decimal using place values of powers of 2 and remainders. It provides examples of converting specific numbers between binary and decimal number systems.

Uploaded by

Alejandro Aguilar
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 16

EE487 Lesson 4: Digital Data

There are 10 types of people in this world, those who understand binary, and those who dont.

A Simple Riddle
You just lost a MAJOR bet, your options are: A) Pay $1,000 per day for a month
OR

B) Pay 1 the first day, then double the payment each day for a month Which do you choose?

Topics

Number Bases
Decimal Binary -> Base 10 -> Base 2

Positional number system1


The number system we learned in elementary school is an example of a positional number system. Numbers are composed of a weighted string of digits and the weightings are determined by the digits position. weighting of each digits position
1492.63 = 1 103 + 4 102 + 9 101 + 2 100 + 6 101 + 3 102 = 1 1000 + 4 100 + 9 10 + 2 1 + 6 0.1 + 3 0.01

1 Much

of this discussion comes from John F. Wakerlys Digital Design: Principles and Practices, 2nd ed.

Decimal numbers
Each digit can take one of ten values.
0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9

The weighting of each digits position is a power of 10.


Hence, decimal numbers are called base 10 or radix 10. weighting of each digits position
1492.63 = 1 103 + 4 102 + 9 101 + 2 100 + 6 101 + 3 102 = 1 1000 + 4 100 + 9 10 + 2 1 + 6 0.1 + 3 0.01

Digital signal
Digital signals are limited to a finite number of discrete amplitudes. In digital computers, the most basic unit storage can take one of only two values, 1 or 0.

Binary numbers
Each binary digit (or bit) can take on one of two values.
0 or 1

The weighting of each bit position in a binary number is a power of 2.


Binary numbers are called base 2 or radix 2. Binary numbers are denoted by the subscript 2.
1101.012 = 1 23 + 1 22 + 0 21 + 1 20 + 0 21 + 1 22 = 1 8 + 1 4 + 0 2 + 1 1 + 0 0.5 + 1 0.25 = 13.2510

Binary numbers
The leftmost bit is called the most significant bit (MSB) because it has the largest weighting. The rightmost bit is called the least significant bit (LSB) because it has the smallest weighting.
10110111

most significant bit (MSB)

least significant bit (LSB)

Binary to decimal conversion


We can convert from a binary number to a decimal as previously indicated.
1000102 = 1 25 + 0 24 + 0 23 + 0 22 + 1 21 + 0 20 = 1 32 + 0 16 + 0 8 + 0 4 + 1 2 + 0 0 = 3410

It is helpful to be familiar with powers of 2.


20 = 1 24 = 16 28 = 256 21 = 2 25 = 32 29 = 512 22 = 4 26 = 64 210 = 1024 23 = 8 27 = 128 211 = 2048

Example Problem 1
Convert the binary number 10111012 into decimal.

Example Problem 1
Convert the binary number 10111012 into decimal.

1 0 1 1 1 0 1
64 32 16 8 4 2 1

sum the weight values corresponding to the 1s in the binary number

64 + 16 + 8 + 4 + 1 = 93

Decimal to binary conversion


To convert from decimal numbers to binary:
1. 2. Repeatedly divide the quotients by two until the final quotient is zero. The remainders read in reverse order yield the equivalent binary number.

Convert 20310 into binary.


first remainder becomes the right-most digit

203/ 2 101/2 50 / 2 25 / 2 12 / 2 6/ 2 3/ 2 1/ 2

= = = = = = = =

Quotient 101 50 25 12 6 3 1 0

Remainder 1 110010112 1 0 Read binary equivalent 1 in reverse order 0 0 1 1

stop when quotient equals zero

Example Problem 2
Convert 18210 into binary.

Example Problem 2
Convert 18210 into binary.
Quotient Remainder 91 0 45 1 22 1 11 0 5 1 2 1 1 0 0 1

182 2 91 2 45 2 22 2 11 2 52 22 12

10110110

Example Problem 4
Using binary addition, count in binary from 0 to 8.
8 4 2 1

0000 0001 0010 0011 0100 0101 0110 0111 1000

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

EE487 Lesson 4: Digital Data


There are 10 types of people in this world, those who understand binary, and those who dont.

WHICH TYPE ARE YOU???

You might also like