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    Pronounciation Past, Present and Plural Handout

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    Carlos Sánchez Garrido
    This document provides information on pronunciation and spelling rules for regular verb endings and plural nouns in English. For verbs, the past tense ending -ed is pronounced /t/, /d/, or /id/ depending on the final sound of the verb. For nouns, the plural ending -s or -es is added and is pronounced /s/, /z/, or /əz/ depending on the final sound of the noun. Specific guidelines are given for which sounds trigger each pronunciation and how words are spelled in the plural or past tense depending on their ending consonant or vowel sounds. Examples are provided to illustrate the rules.

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Pronounciation Past, Present and Plural Handout

    Uploaded by

    Carlos Sánchez Garrido
    125 views1 page
    This document provides information on pronunciation and spelling rules for regular verb endings and plural nouns in English. For verbs, the past tense ending -ed is pronounced /t/, /d/, or /id/ depending on the final sound of the verb. For nouns, the plural ending -s or -es is added and is pronounced /s/, /z/, or /əz/ depending on the final sound of the noun. Specific guidelines are given for which sounds trigger each pronunciation and how words are spelled in the plural or past tense depending on their ending consonant or vowel sounds. Examples are provided to illustrate the rules.

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    This document provides information on pronunciation and spelling rules for regular verb endings and plural nouns in English. For verbs, the past tense ending -ed is pronounced /t/, /d/, or /id/ depending on the final sound of the verb. For nouns, the plural ending -s or -es is added and is pronounced /s/, /z/, or /əz/ depending on the final sound of the noun. Specific guidelines are given for which sounds trigger each pronunciation and how words are spelled in the plural or past tense depending on their ending consonant or vowel sounds. Examples are provided to illustrate the rules.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    125 views1 page

    Pronounciation Past, Present and Plural Handout

    Uploaded by

    Carlos Sánchez Garrido
    This document provides information on pronunciation and spelling rules for regular verb endings and plural nouns in English. For verbs, the past tense ending -ed is pronounced /t/, /d/, or /id/ depending on the final sound of the verb. For nouns, the plural ending -s or -es is added and is pronounced /s/, /z/, or /əz/ depending on the final sound of the noun. Specific guidelines are given for which sounds trigger each pronunciation and how words are spelled in the plural or past tense depending on their ending consonant or vowel sounds. Examples are provided to illustrate the rules.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 1

    I.

    Simple Past Tense: Pronunciation of ed endings of Regular Verbs


    The final ed ending has three different pronunciations: /t/, /d/, and /ed/
    Final ed is pronounced /t/ after all voiceless sounds. Voiceless sounds are made by pushing air through your mouth; no sound comes from your throat. Examples of voiceless sounds : K, P, S, Ch, Sh, F Final ed is pronounced /d/ after voiced sounds. Voiced sounds come from your throat. If you touch your neck when you make a voiced sound, you can feel your voice box vibrate. Examples of voiced sounds: L, V, N, B and all vowel sounds. Final ed is pronounced /id/ after T, and D sounds. The sound of /id/ adds a whole syllable to a word Example: Looked ! look/t/ = one syllable Needed ! need/ed/ = two syllables looked ! look/t/ clapped ! clap/t/ missed ! miss/t/ watched ! watch/t/, finished ! finish/t/ smelled ! smell/d/ saved ! save/d/ cleaned ! clean/d/ robbed ! rob/d/ played ! play/d/ decided ! decide/ed/ needed ! need/ed/ wanted ! want/ed invited ! invite/ed

    II. Plural Nouns & Present Tense: Use, Pronunciation and Spelling of Final -s, -es endings
    A final s or es is added to a noun to make the noun plural. Friend = singular noun, Friends = plural noun Noun + s: Friends are important Noun + es: I like my classes Mary works = Singular She works = Singular The students work = plural They work = plural Verb + -S: Mary works at the bank Verb + -ES: John watches birds

    A final s or es is added to a present tense verb when the subject is a singular noun (e.g., Mary, My father, the machine) or third person (e.g., she, he, it)

    Pronunciation of S, -ES
    Final s is pronounced /s/ after voiceless sounds, as in T, P, and K seats ! seat/s/ ropes ! rope/s/ backs ! back/s/ seeds ! seed/z/ robes ! robe/z/ bags ! bag/z/ sees ! see/z/ dishes ! dish/ez/ catches ! catch/ez/ kisses ! kiss/ez/ mixes ! mix/ez/ prizes ! prize/ez/ edges ! edge/ez/ sing ! sings song ! songs wash ! washes watch ! watches class ! classes buzz ! buzzes box ! boxes toy ! toys buy ! buys baby! babies cry ! cries

    Final s is pronounced /z/ after voiced sounds, as in D, B, G and EE

    Final s and es are pronounced /ez/ after SH, CH, S, Z, and GE,, DGE. The /ez/ ending adds a syllable.

    Spelling: Final S vs. ES


    For most words (whether a verb or noun), a final s is added Final es is added to words ending with SH, -CH, -S, -Z, and X.

    For words ending in Y: if Y is preceded by vowel only s is added If y is preceded by a consonant, the y is changed to i and es is added.

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