ASSEMBLING OF INVERTERS & VOLTAGE STABILIZER Introduction: An inverter is an electronic device that produces alternating current (AC) from

direct current (DC). It is used to convert direct current electricity by cell. It allows consumer to run electrical equipment. A power supply that produces an AC out put, usually from a DC input used to convert independent DC power into standard household AC current. An Inverter output drives the critical load. An Inverter is used in wide range of application, from small switching power supplies to large electric utility applications that transport bulk power. From the nineteenth century through the middle of the twentieth century, DC to AC power conversion was accomplished using rotary converters or motor-generator sets. In the early twentieth century, vacuum tubes and gas filled tubes began to use as switches in inverter circuits.

Voltage stabilizers are devices to regularize and control the variation and fluctuations in supply voltage within a desired range. This device is used in voltage stabilizing in a twin manner, i.e. controls voltage supply and prevents the peak voltage to go beyond a fixed limit. Product Uses: An inverter is an electronic circuit that converts direct current (DC) to alternating current (AC). Inverter can be used for a great many things if they have the correct power output. Inverter can be used for television, refrigerator, micro-oven, lights around the house, air compressor and much more. Lighting is useful for many things from children being able to study at night to parents being able to make a few more works. The voltage stabilizer finds the use in television, other sophisticated home appliances as well as laboratory equipments, refrigeration and air conditioning and other electrical appliances. Market Potential: Very few nos. of manufacturers have launched the assembling of inverter and voltage stabilizer unit in northeastern region. Most of unbranded products are coming from outside the region. Digital Inverters, which save up to 70 per cent of electricity while charging the battery and ensure longer battery life and power backup. Digital inverters, with latest technology and excellent performance, offer the safety and protection of the gadgets and precious home appliances of the consumer because inverter does not affect the life span of the home appliances. There is a great demand for this product at present, which is normally used in protecting and using electrical appliances from any fluctuations as well as power cut looking into the present power supply position in this region, because of erratic supply and frequent power cut in the region. Inverter and voltage stabilizer are invariably very useful in these days with television and other sophisticated home appliances as well as laboratory equipments, refrigeration and air conditioning etc. With increase of emergence and demand of such items, the demand of Inverter and Voltage Stabilizer increases proportionally. Thus few assembling units of inverter and voltage stabilizer may come up in northeast India. Services & Capacity (per annum): The capacity of the proposed assembling unit has been estimated as under: Services Inverters Voltage Stabilizer Capacity in nos. 900 2000 Avg. price Per unit (Rs.) 5000 950 Annual Turn Over Turnover (Rs.) 45,00,000 19,00,000 64,00,000

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Basis: No. of working days: No. of Shifts: One shift: Infrastructure Requirement: The main Infrastructure facilities required are: Working shed Front Office cum store: Power requirement: Water Raw Materials/consumables: Inverters- Commutating capaciators, transformers, filter chokes, filter capacitors, power dicdes, thyristors, saturable reactors, high speed and HRC fuses, transistors, resistors, laminations, chassis etc. Voltage Stabilizer- To assemble voltage stabilizer the components required are assembled PCB, transformer, voltmeter, metallic printed cabinet, switches, fuse, and fuse holder, socket & plug, screws & washers, rubber pad and 5 amp, flexible copper wire. Most of these components are to be brought from outside the region-from reputed agencies of Kolkata, Delhi or Bangaluru. Process: Inverter- The raw materials required are thyristors, commutating capaciators, transformers, filter chokes, filter capacitors, power dicdes, saturable reactors, high speed and HRC fuses, transistors, resistors, laminations, chassis etc. Various components are assembled on the printed circuit board as per the design. The wave forms and output voltage and power are checked, and the necessary adjustments are made. The chassis is then enclosed in a cabinet, and the connections are completed. Inverters of different capacity (power) are made with input voltage of 12 V/ 24 V DC and output of 230 V AC. 400 Sq.ft. 200 sq.ft. 10 KW general purpose 300 days per year one per day 8 hours

Voltage Stabilizer- A stabilizer is constructed as a single integrated unit and is enclosed in a sheet metal enclosure. The major and heaviest component is the multiwinding mains transformer. The cabinet is fitted with a front panel meter, sockets, controls and lamps. The transformer and the control circuit board as well as relays are mounted inside the enclosure and wired up as per the circuit diagram. The unit is then put to test at the lowest and highest input voltages with a specified load at the output. Then the enclosure cover is placed in position and tightened with screws. While designing a voltage stabilizer the following points should be taken care off-

a) b) c) d)

The output selector switch should be a heavy one. The motion over the different tapping should be smooth and there should be no wiring. The transformer should be properly earthed and provision should be made for ventilation so that it does not get excessive heat. A monitoring meter with selector switch should be provided to measure input and output voltages. A pilot lamp should be provided as an external indication as to when the stabilizer is in operation.

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Suggested Location: The preferred locations based on techno-economic considerations, the typical unit may be set up in the capital cities, big towns or in major urban areas preferably nearby marketing centers of North Eastern region including Sikkim. PROJECT ECONOMICS The total capital requirement estimated is Rs.16.48 Lakhs as given below: Fixed Capital: Land Building/Civil Works a.) Working shed 400 sq.ft. @ Rs. 700/sq.ft. b.) Front office cum store 200 sq. ft. @ Rs 700/ sq.ft. c.) Toilet/bathroom Plant and Machinery Miscellaneous Fixed Assets & Other equipments (Electrical fittings, furniture & office equipments) Preliminary and pre-operative expenses Working Capital: Raw Materials/Consumables Working Expenses Finished Goods Receivables (Norms) 1 month 1 month 15 days 10 days (Rupees) 2,90,000 70,000 2,24,000 2,14,000 7,98,000 Note: Working capital to be financed as:Margin Money : Bank Finance : 2,98,000 5,00,000 7,98,000 Rupees Own/lease 2,80,000 1,40,000 60,000 1,60,000 1,50,000 60,000 8,50,000

Capital Cost of Project: 1. 2. Fixed Cost Margin money for W.C. .. .. Rs Rs Rs 8,50,000 2,98,000 11,48,000

Means of finance Promoters contribution (35%) Term Loan (65%) Rs 4,02,000 Rs 7,46,000 Rs 11,48,000 ========== (Rupees) 34,80,000 7,40,000 1,00,000 60,000 50,000 6,40,000 55,000 1,83,000 53,08,000 ========

Operating Expenses: Raw Materials/Consumables Wages & Salaries Utilities Repair & Maintenance Administrative Overheads Selling Expenses 5% on sales Depreciation Interest

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Profitability: Based on the sales turn over and the production expenses, the profit would be Rs. 10.92 Lakhs per year. This works out to a return on capital investment of 66 %. The Unit would break-even at about 50% of the rated capacity. Break Even Analysis: A. Variable Cost: Raw Materials/Consumables Utilities Selling Expenses (Rupees) 34,80,000 1,00,000 6,40,000 42,20,000 (Rupees) 7,40,000 60,000 50,000 55,000 1,83,000 10,88,000 64,00,000 21,80,000 50%

B. Semi-Variable Cost: Wages & Salaries Repair & Maintenance Administrative Overheads Depreciation Interest

C. Sales Turnover: D. Contribution: E. Break Even Point: Manpower Requirement: Personnel Technician Assistant Technician Marketing Personal Accountant cum store Manager Nos. 1 4 2 1 1

Salary per person (Rs.) 7000 6000 6000 5000 8000

Salary Bill (Rs) 7000 24000 12000 5000 8000 56,000

Salary Bill Rs. 6.72 Lakhs + Benefits @ 10% annually i.e. Rs. 0.68 Total Annual Salary Bill: Rs. 7.40 List of Machinery& Equipments: Sl. No. 1 2 3 4 Particular Shearing Machine Bending Machine Drill Machine with drill bits Testing equipment I) Oscilloscope II) Digital Multimeter III) RMS voltmeter IV) Distortion analyzer V) Transient Recorder VI) R.F. Interference meter VII) Frequency Counter Etc. VIII) Analog Multimeter IX) Logic probes DC power supply Rectifier etc. Assembly tools Nos 4 6 4 5 6 6 3 6 4 4 6 sets 4 2 6 sets

5. 6

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Utilities: 1. 8 KW 2 KW 10 KW 10 KW X 6 effective working hours X 300days X 5.50 = Rs. 99,000 Say Rs.1.00 lakhs Highlights: The Major highlights of the project are as follows: Total Capital Requirement Rs. 16.48 Lakhs Promoters Contribution Rs. 2.88 Lakhs Annual Sales Realization Rs. 64.00 Lakhs Annual Operating Expenses Rs. 53.08 Lakhs Annual Profit Rs. 10.92 Lakhs Return on Sales 17% Break-even Point 50% No. of person employed 9 Address of Machinery & Equipment Suppliers: 1) M/S Graphics (India) Shantiniketan Flat no.17, 6th Floor 8, Camac Street, Kolkata-700 017 M/S Sunny Electricals, B-11, Sector-1 Noida,UP. M/S Industrial equipments A.T.Road
Guwahati

Power:For Machine For other purpose

2)

3)

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