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    Solenoid

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    EbayLuna
    This document describes an experiment to investigate the magnetic field of a solenoid. It aims to determine the dependence of the magnetic field on the current passing through the solenoid and whether a slinky can be considered an ideal solenoid. The experiment involves using a magnetic field sensor to measure the field at various points along the solenoid and relating the measurements to the current. The results will be analyzed to find the relationship between field and current and determine the number of turns in the solenoid.

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Solenoid

    Uploaded by

    EbayLuna
    634 views24 pages
    This document describes an experiment to investigate the magnetic field of a solenoid. It aims to determine the dependence of the magnetic field on the current passing through the solenoid and whether a slinky can be considered an ideal solenoid. The experiment involves using a magnetic field sensor to measure the field at various points along the solenoid and relating the measurements to the current. The results will be analyzed to find the relationship between field and current and determine the number of turns in the solenoid.

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    solenoid report

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    solenoid,

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    This document describes an experiment to investigate the magnetic field of a solenoid. It aims to determine the dependence of the magnetic field on the current passing through the solenoid and whether a slinky can be considered an ideal solenoid. The experiment involves using a magnetic field sensor to measure the field at various points along the solenoid and relating the measurements to the current. The results will be analyzed to find the relationship between field and current and determine the number of turns in the solenoid.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    634 views24 pages

    Solenoid

    Uploaded by

    EbayLuna
    This document describes an experiment to investigate the magnetic field of a solenoid. It aims to determine the dependence of the magnetic field on the current passing through the solenoid and whether a slinky can be considered an ideal solenoid. The experiment involves using a magnetic field sensor to measure the field at various points along the solenoid and relating the measurements to the current. The results will be analyzed to find the relationship between field and current and determine the number of turns in the solenoid.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
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    The key takeaways are to investigate the magnetic field of a solenoid and determine if it behaves as an ideal solenoid, and to find the dependence of magnetic field on current by measuring the field produced by a current-carrying solenoid.

    The goal of this experiment is to predict and test how the magnetic field at the centre of a solenoid depends on the current running through it.

    The magnetic field inside a solenoid is expected to be directly proportional to the current based on the formula B = μoNI/L.

    Physics 1051

    Laboratory #4 Magnetic Field of a Solenoid

    The Magnetic Field of a Solenoid

    Physics 1051

    Laboratory #4 Magnetic Field of a Solenoid

    Contents
    Part I: Objective Part II: Introduction
    Magnetic Fields in Current Carrying Wires The Solenoid The Ideal Solenoid The Real Solenoid

    Part IV: The Experiment


    Using the Magnetic Field Sensor Magnetic Field of a Solenoid Prediction of the Field as a Function of Current Magnetic Field as a Function of Current Plotting Data Analysis

    Part III: Apparatus and Setup


    Apparatus Setup Details The Magnetic Field Sensor LoggerPro

    Part V: Summary

    Physics 1051

    Laboratory #4 Magnetic Field of a Solenoid

    Part I: Objective
    The primary objectives of this experiment are:
    !

    To investigate the magnetic field of a solenoid to determine if a current carrying slinky is an ideal solenoid. To find the dependence of the magnitude of magnetic field on current I by measuring the magnetic field B produced by a current carrying solenoid.

    Physics 1051

    Laboratory #4 Magnetic Field of a Solenoid

    Part II: Introduction

    Magnetic Fields in Current Carrying Wires


    When current is passed through a conductor, a magnetic field is produced. The magnetic field vector may be determined using the Biot-Savart law.

    Magnetic field is a vector and has units of tesla (T).

    Physics 1051

    Laboratory #4 Magnetic Field of a Solenoid

    Part II: Introduction The Solenoid


    A solenoid is composed of a number of turns of a conducting material, arranged in a cylindrical fashion. Solenoids are commonly used in electronic circuits, and electromagnets. A Slinky is a good example of a solenoid. Current passing through the Slinky creates a magnetic field inside the solenoid.

    Physics 1051

    Laboratory #4 Magnetic Field of a Solenoid

    Part II: Introduction The Ideal Solenoid


    For an ideal solenoid, the magnetic field is produced completely inside the solenoid. The field produced inside a solenoid is parallel to the axis as shown.

    The field inside an ideal solenoid with turns N, length L, and current I may be calculated from Amperes law and has magnitude

    B=

    where o is the permeability of free space with value 4"#10-7 Tm/A . The field is a constant along the length of an ideal solenoid.

    o NI L

    Physics 1051

    Laboratory #4 Magnetic Field of a Solenoid

    Part II: Introduction The Real Solenoid


    For a real solenoid, magnetic field is not constant at the ends and some field exists outside the solenoid.

    Physics 1051

    Laboratory #4 Magnetic Field of a Solenoid

    Part III: Apparatus and Setup Apparatus


    You have been provided with:

    Slinky Metre stick Power supply Leads with alligator clips Magnetic field sensor (one of two) Clips

    Physics 1051

    Laboratory #4 Magnetic Field of a Solenoid

    Part III: Apparatus and Setup Setup details


    You may find it useful to attach the slinky to the metre stick using the silver clamps. The alligator clips may be used to hold the slinky to the clamps.

    Physics 1051

    Laboratory #4 Magnetic Field of a Solenoid

    Part III: Apparatus and Setup Setup details


    Leads may be connected from the alligator clips to the power supply.

    Physics 1051

    Laboratory #4 Magnetic Field of a Solenoid

    Part III:Apparatus and Setup The Magnetic Field Sensor


    The magnetic field sensor uses a Hall effect transducer to measure the magnetic field. The magnetic field sensor should be plugged into Channel 1 on the LabPro. Set the switch on the sensor to either LOW or to 6.4mT. The sensor measures magnetic fields parallel to the normal of the white dot on the tip of the sensor.

    Physics 1051

    Laboratory #4 Magnetic Field of a Solenoid

    Part III:Apparatus and Setup LoggerPro


    Launch the LoggerPro program by clicking on the icon below.

    To take measurements: ! Turn the power supply on and adjust the voltage and current dials until you have the desired current (to a maximum of 2.0 A). ! Turn the power supply off. ! Insert the magnetic field sensor at the location you wish to measure the field. ! Click the zero button (to zero contributions from the Earths field and surroundings). ! Wait 5 seconds to ensure the field is truly zeroed. ! Turn the power supply on. You will repeat each of these steps in this order before all data collection.

    Physics 1051

    Laboratory #4 Magnetic Field of a Solenoid

    Lab Report

    Lab Report 1: Lab Report 2: Lab Report 3:

    Write the objective of your experiment. Write the relevant theory of this experiment. List your apparatus and sketch your setup.

    Physics 1051

    Laboratory #4 Magnetic Field of a Solenoid

    Part IV: The Experiment Using the Magnetic Field Sensor


    Goal: Take a set of measurements of the magnetic field inside the solenoid in order to determine the orientation and magnitude of the magnetic field.

    The sensor measures magnetic fields parallel to the normal of the white dot on the tip of the sensor. Place the magnetic field sensor inside the solenoid at the midpoint and take measurements of the magnetic field. You will need to hold the sensor in the following positions: - white dot facing the negative terminal - white dot facing the positive terminal - white dot facing the ceiling - white dot facing the floor

    Physics 1051

    Laboratory #4 Magnetic Field of a Solenoid

    Part IV: The Experiment Using the Magnetic Field Sensor


    ! Lab Report 4:
    What direction is the white dot on the sensor pointing, relative to the axis of the solenoid, when the largest positive field measurement is registered? Specify if it is perpendicular or parallel to the axis and which terminal the white dot is facing.

    Perpendicular to the axis means that the white dot is facing either the ceiling or the floor. CHECKPOINT: Have an instructor come check your setup and results and sign your lab report.

    Physics 1051

    Laboratory #4 Magnetic Field of a Solenoid

    Part IV: The Experiment Magnetic Field of a Solenoid


    Goal: Determine the relative magnitude of the magnetic field - along the length of the solenoid - at the ends of the solenoid - just outside the solenoid

    Sensor position: For your measurements, you will hold the sensor so that it is facing the direction as described in the previous question. A current of 1.0 A is recommended for this part of the experiment. Be sure you follow the prescribed steps for measuring magnetic fields.

    Physics 1051

    Laboratory #4 Magnetic Field of a Solenoid

    Part IV: The Experiment Magnetic Field of a Solenoid


    Use your magnetic field sensor to determine the magnetic field at the points listed above. You may find the average magnetic field by clicking Analyze then Statistics.

    ! Lab Report 5:

    From your results, describe the magnetic field of a solenoid. Include a sketch as part of your answer. You may wish to include the answers to the following questions: Is the magnetic field constant along the length of the solenoid? Is there variation at the ends? Is the field weaker (or zero) outside the solenoid? Can your solenoid be considered ideal? Explain.

    ! Lab Report 6:

    Physics 1051

    Laboratory #4 Magnetic Field of a Solenoid

    Part IV: The Experiment

    Prediction of Field as a Function of Current


    Goal: Predict and test how the magnetic field at the centre of a solenoid depends on the current running through it.

    Lab Report 7:

    How do you expect the magnetic field at the centre of a solenoid to depend on current? Explain.

    Physics 1051

    Laboratory #4 Magnetic Field of a Solenoid

    Part IV: The Experiment

    Magnetic Field as a Function of Current


    A maximum current of 2.0 A is recommended for this part of the experiment. Use your magnetic field sensor to obtain a set of data for the magnetic field inside the solenoid as a function of current:
    For best results, begin with the current turned off. Then switch the current on for 10 seconds, then off again.

    Physics 1051

    Laboratory #4 Magnetic Field of a Solenoid

    Part IV: The Experiment

    Magnetic Field as a Function of Current


    You should record a minimum of 5 data points. Save your data as you work: To do this, after collecting each data set click Experiment then Store Latest Run.

    ! !

    Record your results in a table. Lab Report 8: Describe your method to determine how the magnetic field depends current. Print your LoggerPro graph displaying all data.

    Physics 1051

    Laboratory #4 Magnetic Field of a Solenoid

    Part IV: The Experiment


    Plotting Data

    Click here to open Graphical Analysis.

    Plot a graph showing the relationship between magnetic field and current.

    Having trouble deciding what to plot? Click here to open your notes on graphing.

    Physics 1051

    Laboratory #4 Magnetic Field of a Solenoid

    Part IV: The Experiment


    Analysis
    To obtain a fit to your data, click Analyze then Linear Fit. To find the uncertainties in the slope and intercept, double click on the box that appears and in the Standard Deviations section check both the Slope and Intercept.

    ! !

    Lab Report 9:

    Use the results from your graph to determine the number of turns of your solenoid. Include the uncertainty.

    Lab Report 10: Count the number of turns of your solenoid. Comment on the agreement between the counted turns and the results from your graph. Print your graph.

    Physics 1051

    Laboratory #4 Magnetic Field of a Solenoid

    Part V: Summary
    ! ! !
    Lab Report 11: Lab Report 12: Outline briefly the steps of your experiment. List your experimental results and comment on how they agreed with the expected results.

    Lab Report 13: List at least three sources of experimental uncertainty and classify them as random or systematic. Justify the classification.

    Physics 1051

    Laboratory #4 Magnetic Field of a Solenoid

    Wrap it up!

    ! Check that you have completed your Lab Report.


    Include both of your printed graphs.

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