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Parameters of GPRS Network Optimization

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Copyright 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Foreword
The PCU performance parameters are essential to the GPRS network. Proper setting of such parameters can improve performance of the packet services.

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Contents
GPRS Cell Parameters Parameters of Cell Reselection Performance Parameters

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GPRS Cell Parameters

NMO T3168 T3192 DRX_TIMER_MAX ACCESS_BURST_TYPE CONTROL_ACK_TYPE BS_CV_MAX PAN T3172

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NETWORK_MODE

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Network Mode

Configure Gs

Configur e PCCH

Channel for circuit paging

GPRS Paging Channel

Idle Mode PCCCH Or CCCH CCCH CCCH

Dedicated

PPCH I II III Yes No No Yes No Yes PCH PACCH PCH PCH PCH

PPCH PCH PCH PPCH PCH

PACCH CCCH CCCH

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T3168
T3168 is used to set the maximum duration for the MS to wait for the packet uplink assignment message
PCU PACKET CHANNEL REQUEST PACKET UPLINK ASSIGNMENT/ IMMEDIATE ASSIGNMENT COMMAND PACKET RESOURCE REQUEST

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T3168

PACKET UPLINK ASSIGNMENT

Condiction Very Good Good Bad

T3168 recommendationms 500 1000 2000

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T3192
The timer is for the MS to wait for TBF release after receiving the last data block. PCU
PACKET DOWNLINK ACK/NACK FAI=1

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T3192
PACKET DOWNLINK ASSIGNMENT TFI

Final ACK Identifier

valuems 500

1000

1500

80

120

160

200

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DRX_TIMER_MAX
The MS request keeps the maximum value of non-DRX mode.

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Non_DRX

Non_DRX

DRX

Packet transmission mode

Packet idle mode

Packet idle mode

DRX_TIMER_MAX (s)

ValueSencond 0

16

32

64

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Packet Signaling Processing

RLC DATA BLOCK RLC DATA BLOCK (FBI) PACKET DOWNLINK ACK/NACK FAI=1

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T3192=500ms Ready Mode Non DRX mode= 4s

DRX mode

DRX mode

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ACCESS_BURST_TYPE
MS uses 8bit format or 11bit format in the following three types of messages PACKET CHANNEL REQUEST PTCCH UPLINK BLOCK PACKET CONTROL ACKNOWLEDGMENT

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BS_CV_MAX
PCU
CV=X BS_CV_MAX=10

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RLC DATA BLOCK

T3198

RLC DATA ACK

200ms

CV=X

RLC DATA BLOCK Timeout

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BS_CV_MAX
suppose BS_CV_MAX=3

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PCU

CV=0

CV=1

CV=2

CV=3

CV=15

CV=15

CV=15

CV=15

MS buffer UL RLC blocks

More data CV=0 CV=1 CV=2 CV=3 CV=15 CV=15

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PAN
PAN_DEC PAN_INC PAN_MAX Set the decrease step length of the N3102 counter of the MS Set the increase step length of the N3102 counter of the MS Set the maximum value of the N3102 counter of the MS
Packet Uplink Ack/Nack - PAN_DEC + PAN_INC

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N3102
PAN_MAX

Abnormal Release Perform Cell Re-selection

T3182 T3182 T3182

T3182 T3182

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PAN
PCU
RLC DATA BLOCK
PAN_INC=2

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PACKET DATA ACK N3102+2

RLC DATA BLOCK T3182 PACKET DATA ACK N3102- 1 Timeout

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PAN_DEC=1

T3172
WAIT_INDICATION
PCU
PACKET CHANNEL REQUEST PACKET ACCESS REJECT Phase I

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T3172
PACKET CHANNEL REQUEST

PACKET RESOURCE REQUEST PACKET ACCESS REJECT

Phase II

T3172

PACKET RESOURCE REQUEST

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Compare with GSM

GPRS T3168 PAN T3172 GSM S RLT(SACCH Mul-frame) T3122

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Contents
GPRS Cell Parameters Parameters of Cell Reselection Performance Parameters

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NETWORK_CONTROL_ORDER

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Description Normal MS Control Mode MS Control with M.R Mode Network Control Mode

Whether the MS send the M.R No Yes Yes

MS mode Ready & Standby Only Ready Only Ready

Cell Selection Mode Controlled by MS Controlled by MS Controlled by network

NC0 NC1 NC2

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NC2 Feature

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change to cell C

Neighbor cell B

Neighbor cell c

Serving cell A

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GPRS Cell Selection

If no PBCCH channel exists, the cell reselection of GPRS is basically the same as GSM cell reselection, only two situations are different. when the MS on the standby mode ,if it occur the cell reselection to the other route area cell : NC2>SC2+CRH

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when the MS on the ready mode ,if it occur the cell reselection :NC2>SC2+CRH

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GPRS Cell Change on Standby Mode

NC2 > SC2+CRH RA 1
AC2>BC2
Cell B Cell A Cell C

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RA 2
CC2>BC2CRH

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GPRS Cell Change on Ready Mode

NC2 > SC2+CRH

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RA 1
BC2>AC2CRH
Cell A Cell B

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NACC
Value Range Description Yes, No This parameter indicates whether the cell supports the Network Assisted Cell Change (NACC) function. The NACC function means that the network notifies the MS (in the packet transmission state) of the system information about the neighboring cells in advance in NC0, NC1, or NC2 network control mode. Thus the cell reselection of the MS is quickened. The BSC plays a minor role in the NACC function. It sends the system information about the cell and the information about the neighboring cells to the PCU instead of participating in the NACC processing. Remarks Set this parameter to Yes only when the cell supports GPRS services. This parameter requires the support of licenses.
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NACC
System information of cell B

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Cell A

Cell B

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ALPHA & GAMMA

ALPHA The ALPHA parameter is used by the MS to calculate the output power value PCH of its uplink PDCH For open loop power control, it should be set to 1.0. codec ALPHA Value GAMMA Expected receiving signal strength at the BTS side when the MS GPRS dynamic power control is active Value range: 0~62dB, default value is 0 0000 A=0.0 0001 A=0.1 0010 A=0.2 1001 A=0.9 1010 A=0.10

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ALPHA & GAMMA

According GPRS principle, GPRS MS output power as below Pch = Min Ro - Rch a*( C+48) , Pmax Pmax: GPRS MS max transmitting power:29dBm aALPHAnormally is 1 RoBTS max transmitting power:39dBm RchGAMMA CMS receiving level

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If there is power controlRo - Rch a*( c+48) < Pmax 39GAMMA C48<Pmax C> -38GAMMA

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ALPHA & GAMMA

So if GAMMA=0power control will be triggered when the receiving level higher than 38dB. But in the project network, normally receiving level lower than -38dB. The recommended value is 14each unit is 2dBso 382X14 66dBwhen the MS receiving level higher than -66dB, power control will be triggered.

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Contents
GPRS Cell Parameters Parameters of Cell Reselection Performance Parameters

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RAC
Route Area Code

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LA
RA RA

RAI = MCC+MNC+LAC+RAC
When RAC and LAI appear concurrently, the RAC is unique When CI and LAI or RAI appear concurrently, the CI is unique

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RAC
Route Area Update When an MS to which the GPRS is attached discovers that it gets into a new routing area

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After timeout of the periodical Routing Area (RA) timer T3312 When a suspended MS is not recovered by network

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T3312

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RA1 RA2
Routing_Area_update_request
Ready or Standby

SGSN

Including T3312

Routing_Area_update_accept Routing_Area_update_complete

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GPRS Coding Scheme

A configuration command that sets the GPRS coding scheme of a cell
UpFixCs Meaning: fixed CS type of the uplink Value range: cs1, cs2, cs3, cs4, unfixed Explanation: fixed CS type of the uplink. To adopt the fixed CS type of the uplink, set this parameter to CS-1, CS-2, CS-3, or CS-4. To dynamically adjust the CS type of the uplink, set this parameter to unfixed. Default value: unfixed UpDefaultCs Meaning: default CS type of the uplink Value range: cs1, cs2, cs3, cs4 Explanation: default CS type of the uplink. To dynamically adjust the CS type of the uplink, set the CS type for transmitting the first TBF through this parameter. Then, the CS types of other TBFs are dynamically adjusted based on the signal transmission quality. Default value: cs1

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GPRS Coding Scheme

UpThdCsUpGrade1 Meaning: retransmission rate threshold for the uplink TBF to change from CS-1 to CS-2 Value range: 0-64 Explanation: When the retransmission rate of the uplink TBF is smaller than or equal to the value of this parameter, the code scheme of the uplink TBF changes from CS-1 to CS-2. Default value: 5 DnDefaultCs Meaning: default CS type of the downlink Value range: cs1, cs2, cs3, cs4 To dynamically adjust the CS type of the downlink, set the CS type for transmitting the first TBF through this parameter. Then, the CS types of other TBFs are dynamically adjusted based on the signal transmission quality. Default value: cs2

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GPRS Coding Scheme

CS4
UpDefaultCs:CS2
UpThdCsUpGrade3:5

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UpThdCsUpGrade3:2

CS3 CS2

UpThdCsUpGrade3:5

UpThdCsUpGrade2:3

Retrans rate:2

UpThdCsUpGrade3:10 UpThdCsUpGrade1:5

CS1

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PDCH Channel Parameters

Uplink Multiplex Value range: 10-70 Threshold of Dynamic Explanation: Uplink multiplex threshold of dynamic channel Channel Conversion conversion. When the number of subscribers reaches this threshold, the dynamic channels are used. If this threshold is high, it is difficult to seize dynamic channels. If this threshold is low, it is easy to seize dynamic channels. Default value: 20 Downlink Multiplex Value range: 10-80

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Threshold of Dynamic Explanation: Downlink multiplex threshold of dynamic channel Channel Conversion conversion Default value: 20

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PDCH Channel Parameters

PDCH Uplink Multiplex Threshold Value range: 10-70 Explanation: The maximum downlink TBFs on one PDCH channel. If this threshold is set to a higher value, the TBFs established on the PDCH and the subscribers are more, and the uplink bandwidth for each subscriber is lower. Value 10 indicates a maximum of one TBF can be established on the PDCH. Default value: 70 PDCH Downlink Multiplex Threshold Value range: 10-80 Explanation: The maximum downlink TBFs on one PDCH channel Default value: 80

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PDCH Channel Parameters

Downlink Multiplex Threshold of Dynamic Channel Conversion:20

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PDCH

PDCH

PDCH

PDCH

Dynamic PDCH PDCH

Dynamic PDCH PDCH

Dynamic PDCH PDCH

Dynamic PDCH PDCH

MS1

MS2 MS3

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PDCH Channel Parameters

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GPRS Channel Priority Type

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GPRS Channel Priority Type

Value Range GPRS Channel, EGPRS Normal Channel, EGPRS Priority Channel, EGPRS Special Channel, None-GPRS Channel Default Value When Channel Type is set to non-PDTCH, the default value is None-GPRS Channel. When Channel Type is set to PDTCH and the cell does not support EDGE services, the default value is EGPRS Normal Channel. When Channel Type is set to PDTCH and the cell supports EDGE services, the default value is EGPRS Normal Channel. Description When Channel Type is set to non-PDTCH, the default value is None-GPRS Channel.When Channel Type is set to PDTCH and the cell does not support EDGE services, the default value is EGPRS Normal Channel.When Channel Type is set to PDTCH and the cell supports EDGE services, the default value is EGPRS Normal Channel.

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GPRS Channel Priority Type

TRX2
EGPRS Normal

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EDGE MS

GPRS MS

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GPRS Channel Priority Type

TRX2
EGPRS Priority

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EGPRS Priority

reject
EDGE MS GPRS MS GPRS MS

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GPRS Channel Priority Type

TRX2
EGPRS Priority

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release
EDGE MS GPRS MS

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EDGESPARA

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EDGESPARA
EDGE codec will be dynamically adjusted the MCS depended on BEP. BEPBit Error Probability .Each radio block is consist of 4 bursts, there is a BEP value for each block, such as BEP1BEP2BEP3BEP4. Mean-BEP is the average of four BEPs, from BEP1 TO BEP4. MEAN_BEP= BEP1+BEP2+BEP3+BEP4/4. So Mean-BEP is the average quality of receiving signal. CV_BEP is the result of standard deviation. It shows us the stability of receiving quality.

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BEP Table
BEP 8PSK_CV_BEP 1 8PSK MEANBEP 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 MCS-5 MCS-5 MCS-5 MCS-5 MCS-5 MCS-5 MCS-5 MCS-5 MCS-5 MCS-5 MCS-5 MCS-6 MCS-6 MCS-6 MCS-6 2 MCS-5 MCS-5 MCS-5 MCS-5 MCS-5 MCS-5 MCS-5 MCS-5 MCS-5 MCS-5 MCS-5 MCS-6 MCS-6 MCS-6 MCS-6 3 MCS-5 MCS-5 MCS-5 MCS-5 MCS-5 MCS-5 MCS-5 MCS-5 MCS-5 MCS-5 MCS-6 MCS-6 MCS-6 MCS-6 MCS-7 4 MCS-5 MCS-5 MCS-5 MCS-5 MCS-5 MCS-5 MCS-5 MCS-5 MCS-5 MCS-6 MCS-6 MCS-6 MCS-6 MCS-6 MCS-7 5 MCS-5 MCS-5 MCS-5 MCS-5 MCS-5 MCS-5 MCS-5 MCS-5 MCS-6 MCS-6 MCS-6 MCS-6 MCS-6 MCS-7 MCS-7 6 MCS-5 MCS-5 MCS-5 MCS-5 MCS-5 MCS-5 MCS-5 MCS-6 MCS-6 MCS-6 MCS-6 MCS-6 MCS-7 MCS-7 MCS-7 7 MCS-5 MCS-5 MCS-5 MCS-5 MCS-5 MCS-5 MCS-6 MCS-6 MCS-6 MCS-6 MCS-6 MCS-7 MCS-7 MCS-7 MCS-7 8 MCS-5 MCS-5 MCS-5 MCS-5 MCS-5 MCS-6 MCS-6 MCS-6 MCS-6 MCS-6 MCS-7 MCS-7 MCS-7 MCS-7 MCS-7

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EDGESPARA
LqcMode Meaning: link quality control mode Value range: IR-0, LA-1 Explanation: link quality control mode Default value: LA UpFixMcs Meaning: fixed MCS type of the uplink Value range: MCS1-MCS9, unfixed Explanation: To adopt the fixed MCS type of the uplink, set this parameter to a value among MCS1-MCS9; to dynamically adjust the MCS type of the uplink, set this parameter to unfixed. Default value: unfixed

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LA and IR
The network dynamically adjusts the coding scheme EDGE based on the link quality. The link quality is determined by 8PSK MEAN BEP and 8PSK CV BEP carried in the Packet EGPRS Downlink Ack/Nack message. The network should retransmit different data blocks with the puncturing coding scheme. The MS buffers the history error information and the data blocks are retransmitted through combined error correction.

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EDGESPARA
DnFixMcs Meaning: fixed MCS type of the downlink Value range: MCS1-MCS9, unfixed

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UpDefaultMcs

Meaning: default MCS type of the uplink Value range: MCS1-MCS9 Explanation: To dynamically adjust the MCS type of the downlink, set the MCS type for transmitting the first TBF through this parameter. Then, the MCS types of other TBFs are dynamically adjusted based on the signal transmission quality. Default value: MCS3

DnDefaultMcs

Meaning: fixed MCS type of the downlink Value range: MCS1-MCS9, unfixed

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N3101
N3101 will be increased by 1 every time no uplink data block is received. The TBF will be released by network if N3101 reaches the threshold.

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MS RLC block(with USF valid) RLC block (with USF valid)

Network

NO RESPONSE FROM MS

N3101=N3101_MAX

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N3103
N3103 will be incremented by 1 every time no ACKOWNLEDGEMENET message is received during TBF release.

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MS PACKET UPLINK ACK/NACK(FAI=1) PACKET UPLINK ACK/NACK(FAI=1)

Network

NO RESPONSE FROM MS

N3103=N3103_MAX

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N3105
Network will send the RLC data block with RRBP periodically to wait response message from MS. N3105 will be increased by 1 every time no PACKET DOWNLINK
ACK/NACK is received , otherwise N3105 will be reset.

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MS

Network DOWNLINK DATA BLOCK (RRBP) DOWNLINK DATA BLOCK (RRBP) DOWNLINK DATA BLOCK (RRBP) MS no response..... A

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GPRS&EDGE Coding Scheme

Kbps

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60.00 50.00 40.00 30.00

21.4 22.4 17.6 14.8 8.8 11.2

59.2 54.4

GPRS EGPRS
29.6

44.8

20.00
13.4

15.6

10.00 0.00

9.05

CS-1

CS-2

CS-3

CS-4

MCS-1

MCS-2

MCS-3

MCS-4

MCS-5

MCS-6

MCS-7

MCS-8

MCS-9

GMSK

8PSK

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Appendix

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Codec

CS1

CS2

CS3

CS4

MCS1

MCS2

MCS3

MCS4

MCS5

MCS6

MCS7

MCS8

MCS9

Idle timeslot

1+0

1+1

1+2

1+3

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Appendix

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Summary
In this course, we have learned: The function of GPRS cell parameters The function of GPRS cell selection parameters The function of GPRS performance parameters

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Thank you

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www.huawei.com