Stitch and Glue Kayak
Stitch and Glue Kayak
Stitch and Glue Kayak
Step 7: Hatch and Bulkhead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Step 8: Finishing Touches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Related Instructables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Comments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
http://www.instructables.com/id/Stitch-and-Glue-Kayak/
Author:LongToe
I'm a software engineer who tries to stay away from the computer when I'm not at work.
http://www.instructables.com/id/Stitch-and-Glue-Kayak/
http://www.instructables.com/id/Stitch-and-Glue-Kayak/
Image Notes 1. Blue tape 2 in. from the edge, top sheet edge is 2 in. from the sheet under it and the middle sheet is 2 in. from the scrap plywood. 2. Clamp it together 3. Rasp and sand these steps into one smooth slope 4. Rasp
http://www.instructables.com/id/Stitch-and-Glue-Kayak/
Image Notes 1. This is a mistake. There should be more of a corner on this side panel to connect to the bottom panel.
Image Notes 1. Two sides panels are clamped together. Then I used a rasp and handsaw to make sure they are the same shape.
Step 3: Stitch
Prior to stitching I decided to stain the side deck panels to add some visual interest. If you decide to stain use a water-based stain. Oil-based may interfere with the epoxy adhesion. The walnut color stain I used was a good choice because it nearly matches the epoxy thickened with saw dust. Also, I have to keep reapplying the stain whenever I sand the epoxy joints. This causes a patchy looking stain job, but the dark walnut minimizes that. Start putting in wire stitches about every 6 to 8 inches. Use a drill to make a hole small enough for the wire to go thru about 1/2 in. from the edge. Leave them lose at first then tighten up as you go. Some areas will need more stitches than others.
http://www.instructables.com/id/Stitch-and-Glue-Kayak/
Image Notes 1. Notice the wavy lines. That's bad. It means the cuts in the panels were wavy. It's more noticable when it's stitched together.
http://www.instructables.com/id/Stitch-and-Glue-Kayak/
Step 4: Glue
Once the entire kayak is stitched together, you can begin gluing, but only glue the top half and the bottom half. Leave the side seams alone, so you can separate the two and work on each half separately. I bought the epoxy with pumps for measuring it out. It's a 2:1 system so pump twice for the resin and pump once for the hardener and mix it in a disposable plastic cup. Epoxy is a sensitiser meaning that it wont immediately harm you, but in time you will develop a reaction to it. It's best to use latex gloves when applying it. This is the point where I had to decide whether to leave the copper wire in the boat or remove it. It's perfectly ok to leave the wire in and cut off the excess, but I chose to remove it. Leaving the wire in is actually a much faster method. First I glued the seams and let it cure. Then I separated the top and bottom half and added thickened epoxy in between the wires. Just mix saw dust into the prepared epoxy until it becomes like peanut butter consistency, then squish it into the seam. If you want the thickened epoxy to match the rest of the boat, you will have to experiment by combining the epoxy with different combinations of saw dust, silica, glass microballoons or whatever. Once it was cured I could begin cutting and removing the wires. Since the seams already contain hard thickened epoxy I had to sand it smooth. When sanding epoxy be sure to where a mask, and eye protection. Since I work outside under the porch I was already in a well ventilated area. At this point I also cut out the cockpit. I used a couple of buckets and straight edge to draw the curved cockpit shape I wanted. Another technique is to tie a string to a pencil and draw the arc. When it looked right I cut it out. Next you can either tape the seams which is what I did, or you can fiberglass the interior of the boat. To tape the seams, I created 3 in. wide fiberglass tape by cutting the 6 oz. fabric into strips of whatever length I needed. Once the interior was sanded, I added more thickened epoxy to where the wires had been, and before it dried started laying out the fiberglass tape. To wet out the tape I just poured a little epoxy on the tape and spread it out with a brush. Also at this time it's a good idea to paint the interior with epoxy. When water gets into the boat, the epoxy coating will prevent it from damaging the wood. When the top and bottom sections are complete it's time to join the two halves. Unfortunately they didn't fit. It's probably because of the modifications I made to the design or it could have changed shape when the two sides were separated, but regardless I had to make it fit. The middle fit together just fine, and I was able to stitch it together with copper wire and glue it. The ends however would not come together, so I added some weights and mashed the ends together then filled any gaps with thickened epoxy. The deck actually stuck out about a half an inch over the edge on the front and back ends. I ended up trimming back the over hang and putting thickened epoxy in the gaps. After the epoxy cured I could remove the side stitches. Reaching into the cockpit I was able to cut most of the wires. The rest of the wires I was able to work out with some needle nose pliers. Taping the final two seams requires you to go in the cockpit with a stick and a flashlight and push thickened epoxy into the seams. To get it into the very ends though, I made some thickened epoxy that was a little runny and let it flow down the seam by propping the kayak up at angle. Next comes the tape. This time I wet the tape in epoxy prior and rolled it down the seam by pushing it with a stick.
Image Notes 1. Clothes pin holds it together. It seemed easier to glue the middle first then glue the sides.
http://www.instructables.com/id/Stitch-and-Glue-Kayak/
Image Notes 1. Deck and hull seam, not taped yet. 2. Taped side and bottom seam.
http://www.instructables.com/id/Stitch-and-Glue-Kayak/
Step 5: Fiberglass
Finally, the the fun part of fiberglassing the kayak. Prepare the kayak first. All the seams should be well sanded and smooth. Once they are covered in fiberglass there is no going back. Basically what's done is the bottom of the kayak will be draped with fiberglass and epoxied, then the kayak gets flipped over the same thing happens to the top. First paint the bottom of the boat with epoxy. This allows the wood to absorb some of the epoxy and makes wetting out the fiberglass fabric easier. Also it allows you to see any defects you over looked. Then while it's still wet, drape the fiberglass cloth over the hull and wet it out. Pour the epoxy on to boat and spread around with either a brush or a plastic spreader. Once the bottom is dry, cut off the excess fiberglass, sand the edge, flip the kayak over, and do the top. Use small batches of epoxy. In a hurry I made a double batch and it heated up and turn into a hot gelatinous mass of unusable epoxy and it melted the plastic cup. To get a smooth finish, sand the kayak, apply another layer of epoxy, and repeat. This can be done while working on the rest of the steps.
Image Notes 1. Uh oh, There's an air pocket. That's bad! Try to get rid of it. If it dried that way put a little hole in it and work epoxy into the pocket
Step 6: Coaming
It is now a usable boat. However there's still a long way to go to make it a nice kayak. Hatches are good and the edges of the cockpit need to be built up so you can grasp it when getting in and out of the boat. Also, most kayaks have a lip around the cockpit to attach a spray skirt. This is called the coaming. My coaming is made by bending plywood around the inside of the cockpit then layering more on. First I soaked two 5x48 in. plywood strips overnight in water to make it more pliable. Then I was able to push the strips into the cockpit so that they run along the inside on the left and right side. I was able to trim it so that the pieces fit very snug into the cockpit without any clamps. After it dried in position, I removed it and stained it to match the side deck panels. Unfortunately, the plywood shrunk just a little bit when it dried. To make it fit I had to add in a small strip of plywood. Once it fit I glued it in. Next I sanded and fiberglassed around the outside edge to add some support. To build up the lip I started layering strips of plywood around the cockpit. Bending and gluing each strip one at a time. This is where lots of clamps come in handy. I used clamps made from PVC pipe, and there's even an instructable for it . To add more strength, I put in another layer of plywood to the inside edge of the cockpit and then fiberglassed the inside edge. I then sanded and shaped the coaming.
http://www.instructables.com/id/Stitch-and-Glue-Kayak/
http://www.instructables.com/id/Stitch-and-Glue-Kayak/
Image Notes 1. Bulkhead 2. Backrest 3. Bottom Panel 4. Side Panel 5. Wormhole... not the cosmic type, the tree type
http://www.instructables.com/id/Stitch-and-Glue-Kayak/
http://www.instructables.com/id/Stitch-and-Glue-Kayak/
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Comments
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CamWaite says:
Tres bien! Just a quick question, how did you cut the cockpit and how much did it cost?
LongToe says:
Aug 3, 2010. 11:37 AM REPLY Thanks! I drew the cockpit outline using a couple different sized buckets and a straight edge, then cut it out with a keyhole saw. To get the initial hole I probably used a dremel or drill. I can't remember. I didn't keep very good track of the cost, but it was probably around $300 - $400. The epoxy and fiberglass cloth were the most expensive parts.
CamWaite says:
Thanks, might be a while before I can afford that =[
TANZMEISTER says:
Aug 3, 2010. 10:07 PM REPLY You can save a ton of money if you get 2in fiberglass tape instead of cloth. The added strength of the cloth isn't needed if you put a second layer of the doorskin where your weight sits. I usually do 2 layers of ply under my bum with the seat fiberglassed to the the sidwalls. You will still need to coat everything in the epoxy to properly seal it.
LongToe says:
Aug 6, 2010. 10:27 AM REPLY Good question. I bought a 1.5 gallon set, then towards the end of the build I bought another one, but I only used about half of it. So I think I used about 2 1/4 gal. but I also wasted epoxy by making mistakes and occasionally preparing too much. Someone more experienced in epoxy and fiberglassing could make it using a lot less epoxy.
http://www.instructables.com/id/Stitch-and-Glue-Kayak/
Aug 8, 2010. 6:39 AM REPLY One more question, how did you read the plans on the website. I want to build a 13-14 foot but I am not sure how to read the plans or how to shorten it without "messing up" the middle of the boat.
LongToe says:
Aug 8, 2010. 9:53 PM REPLY I kept the length between 60" and 108" the same and shrank the ends. Since most the stations are about 12" apart I reduced it to 10" that's about 83%. So for the stations that aren't 12" I just multiplied it by .83. I then rewrote the tables with the modified stations, and started sketching it out on cardboard. It's not a perfectly proportional change but I took the risk and ended up doing a little trimming of the plywood during the stitch part. I hope that helps.
LongToe says:
Aug 9, 2010. 8:56 AM REPLY Also, since the hull bottom is significantly shorter than other panels, I think I made the distance between station 48 and 60 11", the distance between 96 and 108 11" and ones in the middle 12"
Nate95 says:
The site with the c-16 plans is gone. Are there any other sites with these plans?
LongToe says:
That's too bad, that was a pretty good site. I found an archived version here: http://web.archive.org/web/20070314064231/www.squeedunk.com/c-16.htm
Nate95 says:
Thanks a lot !
OruKun says:
What did you stitch it with?
LongToe says:
It's temporarily stitched with copper wire then glued in place.
Tinworm says:
Beautiful!
dcs02d says:
Sep 1, 2010. 11:15 AM REPLY I read you only used 2 sheets of plywood scarfed together. Were you able to cut all 8 pieces for the 'yak out of that? I am trying to do the math and that seems tight. Anyway, I am planning on taking on this project and I like that you added in all the issue you had. Great instructable.
LongToe says:
Sep 1, 2010. 9:52 PM REPLY Thanks! Yes, I squeezed the 8 panels on the 4 ft wide sheet. Since some panels are curved, I was able to nest some of the panels into others to conserve space. Especially the side deck panels, it looks like they need a 12 in wide section, but the panel is only about 3 in wide. Good luck with your project. You should post your results, or any new techniques you learn along the way.
mjursic says:
Aug 16, 2010. 8:18 PM REPLY Great instructable! I can't find the link to the connect the dots plans on the squeedunk site. Could you provide the url? Thanks.
thewetturd says:
Aug 11, 2010. 7:44 AM REPLY Great job! I don't have a good excuse to not build one of these. I think I need to muster up the patience to tackle a job that requires that amount of time to complete. How many hoursall together would you say it took you? Again, great little boat. You must be such a proud moment to see it in action. Cheers
LongToe says:
Aug 11, 2010. 9:25 PM REPLY Thanks, It's a great feeling building and then riding in your own boat. I've read it can be done in 80 hours, but mine was probably more like 120. It all depends on how much of a perfectionist you are and how many mistakes you clean up.
JB_1605 says:
Aug 7, 2010. 5:22 AM REPLY Looks great man. How bad was the damage from the scrapes on the river? The rivers around my place are generally kinda low most of the time. I guess I can try and modify the bottom half with stronger/thicker materials. I plan on attempting to build two this winter. A boat for me and the lady come summertime.
http://www.instructables.com/id/Stitch-and-Glue-Kayak/
LongToe says:
Aug 7, 2010. 10:19 PM REPLY Thanks! Good luck with your build. The scratches I got were superficial. You can actually see a long scratch in the scarf joints photo. At some point I'll add more fiberglass to the bottom, but I'm just seeing how it goes for now. I should also say it's not a whitewater kayak. You should probably avoid big rapids; small and medium are ok though.
extrordinary1 says:
Aug 10, 2010. 11:35 AM REPLY Nice job! I am currently building a stitch and glue tri-hull pontoon boat. Unlike typical pontoon boats, add a rectangular main section and extend the front and rear to appear like kyack hulls. Giving it an extra 8 ft. in front of the deck for a tapered front, and then 6 ft. in the rear. Overall length, 24 ft. to enjoy on the lake, fishing... yet unique looking also. All goes well, I may build a larger one later on. The first one will be electric powered. Great job, looks real nice.
craigbic says:
Aug 10, 2010. 10:49 AM REPLY Excellent Instructable! Awesome kayak! I plan on building a kayak or small boat soon myself - your outcome certainly makes me lean toward building a kayak. Thank you!
Rowleysh says:
It must be plenty solid if it fell off the car! Well done! I hope to make one myself in the future.
Mistwalker says:
Beautiful boat. I might have to try something like this in the form of a canoe.
cdogjune says:
Can you post the plot points for your boat?
LongToe says:
Aug 7, 2010. 10:15 PM REPLY Unfortunately no, even though I tweaked the plans they don't belong to me. You will have to get them from the owner's website. To shorten the boat, I removed about 2 in. between each station except for 4 1/2 ft in the middle.
cyprian916 says:
Aug 4, 2010. 10:39 AM REPLY OMG that is awesome and in that last picture wow i know where you are TEMPE TOWN LAKE before it was emptied lol stupid damn ... er dam lol. anyw way awesome instructible. yeah go Arizona residents. lol you'll have to wait till November till you can go out again.
LongToe says:
Thanks! Yeah I'm glad I wasn't on the lake when the dam popped. That would be one wild ride.
cyprian916 says:
yeah for sure like white water rafting only ... in a kayak wild indeed.
kdickerson_az says:
Aug 6, 2010. 10:21 PM REPLY Shame Tempe Town Lake is all dried up now that you did all that work! Looks great, I'm gonna have to give it a shot sometime.
wurzelpk says:
Aug 5, 2010. 11:09 AM REPLY What a beautiful craft! Thanks for the great instructions. Question: I went to the Cormorant site and for the regular, cambered deck version they had plotting points for the "Hull Bottom" and "Hull Side" panels. How do you create the top panel(s)? Are they just "sand to fit" once you have the bottom panels wired together?
LongToe says:
Aug 5, 2010. 3:20 PM REPLY Since I built the "Multi-paneled Peaked Deck Version" (the peaked deck plans are at the very bottom of the page) instead of the cambered deck I'm not quite sure how it works. I think you have to make a couple of bulkheads with a curve that will match the curved deck. It mentions a curve radius. Then bend one sheet of plywood over the curves and mark it out with a pencil. Some trial and error may be required. Maybe someone else can elaborate on cambered decks.
http://www.instructables.com/id/Stitch-and-Glue-Kayak/
RaptorWing says:
Aug 5, 2010. 2:04 PM REPLY That one sure looks a lot nicer than my first attempt at Stitch and Glue method. I guess I just didn't have the patience. Mine was also a hull completely of my own design, and only done as a quick prototype to test the hull shape. I'm still doing (small) hull prototypes, but have switched over to the Skin on Frame method. Nice looking boat and well-written instructable.
brian8t says:
Aug 5, 2010. 11:03 AM REPLY Excellent job! Good work like this is a serious motivator for me to get into the shop and produce something of similar quality. Thanks!
woodyardboy says:
Aug 5, 2010. 10:56 AM REPLY Well done mate, I wish I had the space to make one myself. It turned out pretty good, I'd be very happy if mine turned out like that. :)
gjm says:
Aug 5, 2010. 10:28 AM REPLY When I was in my 20's I read an article in Popular Mechanics about building a cedar strip canoe. It was beautiful and I've wanted to build one ever since. Well I'm a hobby carpenter/furniture maker and here I am twenty years later and I've never built one. I actually copped out and bought a plastic kayak quite a few years ago; maybe that's why I never built one. Anyway, very impresive build; you should be proud.
shilohjim says:
I've read quite a bit about boat building but I only know a little about kayaks. NIce boat and I like your PVC clamps. :)
LongToe says:
Aug 4, 2010. 6:22 PM REPLY Thanks! No, I didn't have boat building experience before I started. Once I discovered that a kayak could be made out of plywood, I read every website and forum I could find then decided to give it a shot.
cory.smith says:
Awesome! Featured anyone?
Fred82664 says:
She is a beautiful vessel.
JamesRPatrick says:
That's a real beauty!
TANZMEISTER says:
Looks Great! I've been meaning to do a stich-n-glue instuctable for ages. But ya know, laziness set in . . .
Kaelessin says:
Aug 3, 2010. 10:38 AM REPLY too bad that lake is now a pond/swamp eh? awesome build! I built a canoe using the same technique with my explorer post a several years back that was solar powered for SRP's "Solar Splash" competition. Good times all around! Quick question: how do you make the fiberglass cloth not add intense texture? to the boat? ours was pretty rough and rugged but this thing looks very shiny and nice!
TANZMEISTER says:
@Kaelessin Hand sanding baby!
150wetdry (in one direction) then 220 90degrees off. You know your there once the likes all disappear. Then switch to 400wetdry if you want a highgloss when you finishcoat it. Though I'm always to lazy to do the 400 and it looks great.
kaptaink_cg says:
I KNEW I recognized that bridge.. :)
http://www.instructables.com/id/Stitch-and-Glue-Kayak/
LongToe says:
Aug 3, 2010. 11:45 AM REPLY Thanks, as much criticism as the lake gets I like it, hopefully they'll build a better dam. I probably should have stated that the fiberglass gets sanded, then epoxied, and repeat until it's smooth or you just don't care anymore.
http://www.instructables.com/id/Stitch-and-Glue-Kayak/