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11jan Vaslestad

This document summarizes the results of a 21-year field test of an instrumented steel pipe bridge in Norway. Key points: - The bridge's maximum horizontal deformation was 22mm over 21 years, and earth pressure cells installed during construction still functioned after 21 years. - Earth pressures below and around the structure were lower than expected, showing the effect of arching in transferring loads. - Arching was stable over the long term, with measurements similar to previous experimental findings. - Proper compaction of high-quality backfill materials can control long-term deformations and pressures.

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Kyle Foreman
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60 views44 pages

11jan Vaslestad

This document summarizes the results of a 21-year field test of an instrumented steel pipe bridge in Norway. Key points: - The bridge's maximum horizontal deformation was 22mm over 21 years, and earth pressure cells installed during construction still functioned after 21 years. - Earth pressures below and around the structure were lower than expected, showing the effect of arching in transferring loads. - Arching was stable over the long term, with measurements similar to previous experimental findings. - Proper compaction of high-quality backfill materials can control long-term deformations and pressures.

Uploaded by

Kyle Foreman
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Nordbalt Seminar on Steel Pipe Bridges

Norwegian University of Science and Technology

LONG TERM BEHAVIOUR OF STEEL PIPE BRIDGES. INSTRUMENTED FIELD TESTS AND EXAMPLES OF APPLICATION.
Jan VASLESTAD Bartlomiej KUNECKI Tor Helge JOHANSEN

Stockholm 7th June 2007

CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION DESCRIPTION OF THE INSTRUMENTED STRUCTURE, DOVRE INSTRUMENTATION
Earth Pressure Deformations

TEST RESULTS APPLICATIONS, CASE HISTORIES REMARKS ON DESIGN AND APPROVAL

INTRODUCTION
Corrugated steel culverts are being increasingly used in road and railway projects as:
Alternative solutions to bridges and tunnels, pedestrian crossing under roads Snow and rock avalanche protection Animal crossings

Long-term experimental data from instrumented structures are useful in order to verify design methods and software used for numerical analysis.

DOVRE STRUCTURE

View of the southern end

Location in Norway
4

DESCRIPTION OF THE TESTED STRUCTURE


Culvert
steel thickness t=7.0 mm

Reinforced concrete beams

Cross-section of corrugation

Cross-section of culvert Cross section of the steel plate with the bolts
5

INSTALLING THE STRUCTURE

Backfill material

LOCATION OF EARTH PRESSURE CELLS

EARTH PRESSURE CELL

View of installed cell

The principle of Gltzl earth pressure cell

INSTALLING EARTH PRESSURE CELL IN THE BOTTOM

10

INSTALLED EARTH PRESSURE CELL AT THE SIDE

11

INSTALLING EARTH PRESSURE CELL IN THE HAUNCH AREA

12

INSTALLING EARTH PRESSURE CELL AT THE TOP OF THE STRUCTURE

13

HORIZONTAL DIAMETER Numbering and location of cross sections

14

HORIZONTAL DIAMETER DEFORMATIONS

25

Cross section 1 Cross section 2

20

Cross section 3
Horizontal deformation [mm]

Cross section 4
15

Cross section 5
10

15

-5 09/85

09/88

09/91

09/94 Date

09/97

10/00

10/03

10/06

EARTH PRESSURE AT THE BOTTOM OF STRUCTURE

125

100

Earth pressure [kPa]

Cell no. 1 Vertical overburden


75

50

25

16

0 06/85

03/87

01/89

10/90

07/92

05/94

02/96 Date

12/97

09/99

06/01

04/03

01/05

10/06

EARTH PRESSURE ON THE SIDES

200 175 Earth pressure [kPa] 150 125 100 75 50 25 0 06/85

Cell no. 3 Vertical overburden

03/87

01/89

10/90

07/92

05/94

02/96

12/97

09/99

06/01

04/03

01/05

10/06

200 175 Earth pressure [kPa] 150 125 100 75 50 25 0 06/85

Date

Cell no. 6 Vertical overburden

17

03/87

01/89

10/90

07/92

05/94

02/96

12/97

09/99

06/01

04/03

01/05

10/06

Date

EARTH PRESSURE OVER THE STRUCTURE

100

100

Cell no. 7 Vertical overburden


75

Cell no. 8 Vertical overburden


75 Earth pressure [kPa]

Earth pressure [kPa]

50

50

25

25

0 06/85

03/87

01/89

10/90

07/92

05/94

02/96 Date

12/97

09/99

06/01

04/03

01/05

10/06

0 06/85

03/87

01/89

10/90

07/92

05/94

02/96 Date

12/97

09/99

06/01

04/03

01/05

10/06

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LONG-TERM ARCHING

19

EARTH PRESSURE MEASURED AROUND THE STRUCTURE

20

CONCLUSIONS FROM LONG TERM FIELD TEST

The maximal horizontal deformation measured during the 21 years of observations was 22 mm. The Gltzl hydraulic earth pressure cells still working 21 years after installation. The earth pressure below the structure and in the haunch area were quite low. The measurements shows that lateral earth pressure is greater than the overburden
21

CONCLUSIONS 2 :
The arching effect above the structure is quite stable and is still working after 21 years. The arching curve is very similar to that reported by Terzaghi (1936) from the trap door test. The long-term deformations and earth pressure can be controlled by using well compacted high quality back-filling materials.

22

Furulund structure, steel arch on concrete foundations


Arch with span 9,50 m and height 6,99 m built 1997 Challenging conditions with road crossing in skew over railway Minimum cover 0,45 m. Relieving slab of concrete is used. Steep slopes with extensive use of high strength geotextile for slope reinforcement Instrumented with hydraulic earth pressure cells and strain gages

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Furulund. Concrete foundation 1,5 m width.

24

Furulund. Assembly of side plates.

25

Furulund. Assembly of top arch.

26

Furulund. Assembly of steel arch with train inside.

27

Furulund. Assembly finished.

28

Furulund. Backfilling with reinforced slope.

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Furulund. Backfilling with reinforced slope.

30

Furulund. Overview during backfilling.

31

Furulund. Instrumentation, earth pressure cell.

32

Furulund. Instrumentation.

33

Furulund. High strength geotextile on top.

34

Furulund. Finished structure.

35

Moelv. Railway underpass with gabions.

36

Eikesdal. Avalanche strucure.

37

E6 Bnes. Snow avalanche structure.

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Remarks on design and approval, Norwegian Public Roads Administration (NPRA)


All the design for steel pipe bridges used for roads must be approved by NPRA The Swedish Design Method is in the process to be approved by NPRA Some remarks and comments to the method is worked out by the consultant company Multiconsult dated 17th of february 2006 NPRA will probably approve the Swedish Design Method in autumn 2007

39

Future Futureroads roadsfor fora abetter bettersociety society

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Beautiful Roads Award 2006

41

42

43

Thank you for your attention!

44

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