Intro To Data Comm
Intro To Data Comm
Intro To Data Comm
What is Data?
– Elements that can be represented by a finite set of symbols, such as digits or alphabets
What Is Communication?
Message – is the information content that is transferred between the sender and the
receiver via the medium.
Telecommunication
Is a general term for the electronic transmission of information in any type including
television, pictures, sound and facsimiles and data in the form of electronic signals or
impulses, sent as an individual message between two parties or as a broadcast to be
received at many locations.
Information Information
Transmission Medium
Source Destination
General Description of a Data Communications System
Transmission Path or Channel – A path or a link through which information passes between
two devices. In communications, a medium for transferring information also known as a line
or a circuit. A communication channel can carry information in many forms such as data,
sound and/or video in either digital or analog form.
2 Types of Communication
One-way communication - the role of the source and the sink may not interchange.
Two-way communication – the source and the sink may interchange roles that is, the same
piece of equipment may transmit and receive data simultaneously.
POINT A POINT B
Equipment that constitutes the data source, data sink or both. It includes any piece
of equipment (at which communication path begins or ends) or any device that transmits or
receives data.
Ex. Terminal or PC
Equipment that provides all the functions required establishing, maintaining and
terminating a connection. It also provides signal conversion and coding conversion between
DTE and the common carrier’s lines.
Ex. MODEMS
MODEMS
DTE-DCE Interface
The DTE-DCE interfaces consist of several input/output circuitries in the DCE and in the DTE,
and the connectors and cables that connect them. In most systems, this interface conforms
to the RS-232C standard as publish BY Electronics Industries Association (EIA) in the DCE
interface.
Closed Systems vs. Open Systems
Closed Systems
A term used to describe any computer design whose specifications are not freely available.
Such proprietary specifications make it difficult or impossible for third party vendors to
create auxiliary devices that worked correctly with a closed- architecture machine.
Closed systems resulted in the proliferation of proprietary systems where only products
coming from the same manufacturers could work.
Open Systems
A term used to describe any computer or peripheral design that has published specifications.
It is designed to incorporate all devices – regardless of manufacturer or model that can use
the same communications facilities and protocols.
Open systems enable equipment produced by one vendor to be used with equipment from
any vendor that complies with the standards.
Data communications standards or protocols are simply a set of rules that were established
for use in the computer industry by the various international bodies. It is concerned
primarily with either the internal operation of the computer or the connection of local
peripheral devices.
Standards Organizations