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    Muscles of The Lower Limbs

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    Hutheifa Al-Thiab
    LOWER LIMBS: Minor Regions : Gluteal Region, the thigh, leg, foot. Joints : Hip joint, Knee Joint, n!le Joint.

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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    Muscles of The Lower Limbs

    Uploaded by

    Hutheifa Al-Thiab
    66 views6 pages
    LOWER LIMBS: Minor Regions : Gluteal Region, the thigh, leg, foot. Joints : Hip joint, Knee Joint, n!le Joint.

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    Muscles of the Lower Limbs

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    © Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)

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    LOWER LIMBS: Minor Regions : Gluteal Region, the thigh, leg, foot. Joints : Hip joint, Knee Joint, n!le Joint.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    66 views6 pages

    Muscles of The Lower Limbs

    Uploaded by

    Hutheifa Al-Thiab
    LOWER LIMBS: Minor Regions : Gluteal Region, the thigh, leg, foot. Joints : Hip joint, Knee Joint, n!le Joint.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    of 6

    LOWER LIMBS:

    Minor Regions : Gluteal Region , The thigh , leg, foot. Joints : Hip joint , Knee Joint , n!le Joint. Functions : "# Mainl$ S%&&ORT. '# Lo(o)otion. Architecture: Gene*al a*(hite(tu*e i+ +i)ila* to the uppe* li),+ ,ut -iffe* the )o-ifi(ation of the )u+(le+ an- joint.

    Muscles: 1)) Muscles that attach the lower limbs to trunk.


    .ot )o-ifie- a+ )u(h a+ the uppe* li),+ , ,e(au+e unli!e the) , /i-e *ange )o0e)ent i+ not *e1ui*e-. Function: )o0e the lo/e* li),+ a+ a /hole. Movement: Li)ite- , -o not e2(ee- 34 -eg*ee+. %nle++ $ou5*e fle2ing. Types o movement: e2a)ple+: le!ion : the onl$ f*ee )o0e)ent. Mo*e than "44 . "!tension : a,out "6 onl$. #soas Ma$or % &liacus : iliopsoas muscle. &liacus o*iginate f*o) the pel0i+ , +o it -oe+n8t full the *e1ui*e)ent to atta(h li),+ to t*un!. B%T it ha+ the +a)e in+e*tion a+ the &+oa+ )ajo*. Muscles anteriorly: "#&+oa+ Majo* 7+t*ong# '#Ilia(u+.

    &+oa+ )ajo* 9 Gluteu+ )a2i)u+ 9 Ilio(o+tali+: Mo0e lo/e* li),+ a+ a /hole. #osterior Muscles: ". Gluteu+ Mu+(le+. '. Ilio(o+tali+.

    'luteus Ma!imus: St*ong , o*iginate f*o) +a(*u). 7)o+t +upe*fi(ial: 'luteus Me(ius: S)alle* than )a2i)u+ , lo(ate +upe*io*l$ an- late*al to it. It8+ the +ite of inje(tion. )eep 'luteal Muscles: Si)ila* to *otato* (uff. The$ *otate the fe)u*.
    Ab(omial wall muscles: -o ;le2ion. Sit up< hip fle2e-: &+oa+ )ajo* ,e(o)e in+uffi(ient. So the+e )u+(le+ /ill ,e u+e- an- ,e(o)e +t*onge*.

    1) Muscles connecting the lower limbs to trunk: Muscle


    #soas Ma$or &liacus

    *rigin

    &nsertion

    Function

    &nnervati ons
    nte*io* *a)i of lu),a* ne*0e+.

    Anterior ;i0e Le++e* t*o(hante* Majo* fle2o* of the lu),a* of ;e)u* /hole uppe* li),. 0e*te,*ae Sta,ili=e hip joint. Iliu). Le++e* t*o(hante* of ;e)u*

    ;le2e+ an- +ta,ili=e ;e*)o*al hip joint. ne*0e. L' an- L>

    ,-o)inal /all )u+(le.. ;le2ion. #osterior

    &liocostali Iiliu) s

    Ri,+

    &a++ ,$ &+oa+ )u+(le, a +t*ong )u+(le , )o0e lo/e* li), a+ a /hole.

    <<

    'luteal Region 'luteus Ma!imus


    9 +a(*u) o*igin

    ILI%M

    Late*al (on-$le of ti,ia

    'luteus Me(ius

    E*e(t po+ition Hip joint e2ten+ion ?"6 Late*al *otation &*ote(t S(iati( ne*0e G*eate* t*o(hante* ,-u(t anof fe)u* )e-iall$ *otate hip joint @ont*a(t+ /ith ea(h

    Infe*io* Gluteal .e*0e

    Supe*io* Gluteal .e*0e

    'luteus Minimus )eep 'luteal muscles


    <<<

    Le++e* t*o(hante* of ;e)u* <<<

    +tep thu+ p*e0enting the hip+ f*o) falling -o/n. ,-u(t an)e-iall$ *otate hip joint Rotation of the ;e)u*.

    Supe*io* Gluteal .e*0e <<

    +))The Thigh:

    Muscles o the thigh completely surroun( the emur. ,o -o(y : .annot be palpate(. )iagnosis o broken emur nee(s /0ray. "!tremities can be palpate( 1 an( a (iagnosis o broken can be accomplishe( by touching.

    Me(ial .ompartment 2A((uctors: a**ange- in la$e*+. E2a)ple: A((uctor 3ongus.


    origin Bone +u**oun-ing o,tu*ato* fo*a)en. &nsertion ;e)u* --u(to* )ungu+A ti,ia unction Majo*: a--u(tion Mino* : *otate , fle2 ane2ten- hip joint. Sta,ili=e the pel0i+. innervati on O,tu*ato* .e*0e

    Anterior .ompartment: Muscle *rigin &nsertion

    Function

    &nnervati ons

    1.4ua(rucipes Femoris : Majo* E2ten+o* BB La*ge Hip ,one < E2ten- Knee Joint. Rectus 7Iliu)# < +tea-ie+ hip joint. emoris Ba+e of &atella <help iliop+oa+ to an- ,$ patella* fle2 hip joint. liga)ent to ;e)u* 5astus ti,ial tu,e*o+it$ <E2ten- Knee Joint &nterme(i

    ;e)o*al .e*0e

    us 5astus me(ialis 5astus lateralis +. ,artorius

    ;e)u* ;e)u* Iliu) 7late*all$# Ti,ia 7 )e-iall$ B uppe* pa*t#

    < ntig*a0it$ )u+(le+ 7 !eep u+ +tan-ing#

    < Hip joint : fle2 , a,-u(t an- late*all$ *otate. < ;le2 Knee joint. Me-iall$ *otate it.

    ;e)o*al .e*0e

    6.Tensor Fascia 3atae

    Iliu)

    Ilioti,ial t*a(t

    <In(*ea+e ten+ion of the t*a(t. 79 G.)a2i)u+# 77@on+e*0e ene*g$## < ,-u(t , )e-iall$ *otate an- fle2 hip joint.

    Supe*io* gluteal

    #osterior .ompartment: 7I+(hiu)(*u*al G*oup# Muscle *rigin &nsertion Function


    -iceps Femoris
    Long hea-: I+(hiu) 7I+(hial tu,e*o+it$# Sho*t hea-: lo/e* pa*t of fe)u* Hea- of fi,ula 7late*all$# <E2ten- hip joint. <;le2 anlate*all$ *otate the !nee joint. < E2ten- hip joint IS@HI%M ,emimembra nosus TIBI < ;le2 the !nee < Rotate Me-iall$.

    &nnervati ons

    S(iati( .e*0e

    ,emiten(inos us

    CC Se)inten-ino+u+ an- Se)i)e),*anou+ ,egin a+ a ten-on an- ena+ a ten-on.

    6)) The 3"'. Muscle *rigin


    #eroneus longus #eroneus -revis #eroneus Tertins
    ;i,ula

    &nsertion
    3ateral

    Function
    < E0e*+ion <Suppo*t an!eep the t*an+0e*+e (u*0e of the foot. <&lanta* fle2e+ the an!le. Do*+ifle2. E0e*t ana,-u(t foot.

    &nnervati ons
    Supe*fi(ial &e*oneal .e*0e

    Ba+e of "+t Ten-on+ pa++ )etata*+al po+te*io* to Me-ial late*al )alleolu+ (uneifo*) fi2e- ,$ fi,ula* Ba+e of 6th *etina(ulu) )etata*+al fi,ula 6th )etata*+al

    Deep pe*oneal ne*0e

    Anterior Tibialis Anterior "!tensor 7allucis longus "!tensor (igitorium longus


    Late*al (on-$le of ti,ia Mi--le pa*t of fi,ula 7ante*io*# ;i,ula anlate*al (on-$le of ti,ia " )etata*+al Me-ial (uneifo*) Di+tal phalan2 of ,ig toe. 7Hallu2# 3 ten-on+ ea(h in )i--le an- -i+tal phalange+ of 3 late*al -igit+
    +t

    E2ten+ion Do*+al ;le2ion

    Deep &e*oneal .e*0e

    #osterior 'astrocnem ;e)u* ius 8 + hea(s) fi,ula ,oleus Tibialis posterior


    Ti,ia &o+te*io* +u*fa(e of (al(aneu+ , EI @al(aneal ten-on. 7 (hille+# .a0i(ula* ,@uneifo*) @u,oi- ,Ba+e of ',>,3 )etata*+al+. Di+tal phalan2 of "+t toe. 7Hallu2# Di+tal pahalnge+ of the 3 late*al toe+.
    < ;le2 the !nee. < @ont*a(tA appl$ +t*e++ on (hille+ ten-onA (al(aneu+ *i+e, /eight of foot )o0e onto toe+. I)po*tant fo* )o0e)ent in +p*inting , ju)ping an(li),ing.

    Ti,ial .e*0e

    &lanta* ;le2 the an!le In0e*t+ the foot.

    Fle!or 7allucis longus Fle!or (igitorium longus

    ;i,ula

    Ti,ia

    &lanta* ;le2 the an!le ;le2 g*eat toe. Suppo*t longitu-inal a*(h of the foot. &lanta* ;le2 the an!le ;le2 late*al 3 -igit+ Suppo*t longitu-inal a*(h of the foot.

    n$ Mu+(le that (o)e+ f*o) the leg , an- (*o++ o0e* the foot anpa++ ,ehin- -e(*ee line , joining the t/o )alleoli i+ a plantar Fle!or.

    9)) Muscles o the Foot

    In the foot /e ha0e )u+(le+ /hi(h /e (all )u+(le+ of the foot +i)ila* to the )u+(le+ of the han- /ith the e2(eption of: In the han-, all the )u+(le+ a*e on the plante* +u*fa(e /e -on8t ha0e an$ )u+(le on the -o*+al +u*fa(e, on the foot /e ha0e

    )u+(le+ on the -o*+al +u*fa(e. The+e )u+(le+, although the$ ha0e the +a)e na)e+ an- the +a)e a**ange)ent+ ,ut thei* fun(tion+ <)o+tl$ in all of u+< a*e u+uall$ not -iffe*entiate-. :"!ample;: When /e tal!e- a,out the han- /e +ai- that the*e a*e +)all )u+(le+ that a*e (on+i-e*e- a+ the a((u*ate )o0e*+, the$ let $ou hol- the pen fo* e2a)ple. In the foot the+e )u+(le+ a*e p*e+ent, ,ut the$ -on8t ha0e a((u*ate fun(tion+ < u+uall$ < unle++ $ou t*ain the) o* $ou a*e o,lige- to u+e the) 7li!e in +o)eone /ho+e han-+ a*e pa*al$=e-#. So, /hat8+ the unction of tho+e +)all )u+(le+ in the footF The ma$or unction is to stabili<e the arches. Be(au+e the a*(he+ a*e 0e*$ i)po*tant. The$ -on8t -epen- onl$ on one fa(to*. If /e lo+t the a*(he+ /e /oul-n8t ,e a,le to /al! p*ope*l$, /e /oul-n8t ,e a,le to *un. So to p*ote(t thi+ the*e a*e 9 actors not only one that are responsible or stabili<ing the curves: The +)all )u+(le+ of the foot . The long )u+(le+, the )u+(le+ of the leg. The liga)ent+. The +hape of the ,one+. That )ean+ that if +o)eone *ea(he- the flat foot +tage, he /oulha0e gone th*ough all the+e 3 fa(to*+.

    &nnervation:
    The +)all )u+(le+ of the foot a*e inne*0ate- G )o+t of the) G ,$ the ti,ial ne*0e.

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