LEAP BRIDGE

Bridge Geometry, Substructure & Superstructure

Volume II - Tutorials
Version 09.00.00

DAA038530-1/0001

LEAP BRIDGE USER MANUAL Volume I

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DISCLAIMER

Although this program has been written and tested by Bentley Systems, Inc., no warranty, expressed or implied, is made as to the accuracy or functioning of the program and related program material. In no event will Bentley System, Inc. be liable for any damages, including, without limitation, incidental and consequential damages and damages for lost data or profits, arising out of the use of or inability to use the licensed program.

Table of Contents

Chapter T Tutorial T1

Tutorial Sessions 3-Span Precast I-Girder

Superstructure Data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T1-4 Substructure Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T1-5 Start of Tutorial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T1-6

Tutorial T2

2-Span CIP PT Box Girder Bridge

Problem Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T2-3 Start of Tutorial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T2-5

Tutorial T3

3-Span CIP R/C Slab Bridge

Problem Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T3-3 Start of Tutorial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T3-4

Index

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TOC-i

TOC--ii
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LEAP Bridge v09.00.00

Chapter

Tutorial Sessions

The chapter consists of tutorial sessions for LEAP Bridge. These tutorials are designed to familiarize you with the capabilities of the program through a hands-on approach. Each tutorial takes you through an entire design session, screen-by-screen. Upon completing these tutorials, you should be familiar with most of the features in LEAP Bridge. This chapter includes three tutorials.
Table T-1 Tutorial 1: 3-Span Precast I-girder Bridge 72-inch Bulb Tee Girder Design (LRFD) (U.S. Units) You will learn: - How to define a multi-span prestressed girder bridge. - How to design superstructure and piers via component programs. - How to obtain geometry and design reports. Tutorial 2: 2-Span CIP PT Box Girder You will learn: - How to define a multi-span cast-in-place post-tensioned box girder bridge. - How to design the bridge superstructure and required PT. - How to obtain geometric and design reports. Tutorial 3: 3-Span CIP R/C Slab You will learn: - How to define a multi-span cast-in-place reinforced concrete haunched slab bridge. - How to design bridge superstructures and piers. - How to obtain geometric and design reports.

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T-1

Tutorial Sessions

T-2

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Tutorial

3-Span Precast I-Girder

T1

This tutorial illustrates some of the basic features of LEAP Bridge. It takes you through a LEAP Bridge session, step-by-step, demonstrating the design of a precast/prestressed bridge beam using the AASHTO LRFD design code. In this tutorial, you will be designing beam 2 of span 1 of a three-span continuous bridge. The information for Tutorial 1 is contained in a LEAP Bridge data file called Tutor1.xml and the folder called Tutor1. As an alternative to inputting all the information from scratch, as directed in this tutorial, you can load this file and only work on the sections that you wish. To load this file, select Open from the File menu. Move to the LEAP Bridge\Examples subdirectory, if it is not already showing, and select the file Tutor1.xml.

Diagrams

Figure T1-1 Elevation View

The superstructure and substructure information are defined in CONSPAN and RC-PIER, and in this case are saved in previous files. This session shows how this information is transferred to LEAP Bridge for full bridge description.

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T1 -1

T1

Figure T1-2 Cross-Section View

C L Pier C L Pier C L Pier C LP

116'-0" 0'-6"
( Pier C L Precast End )

116'-0"
(Precast Length)

116'-0"
(Precast Length)

(Precast Length)

0'-6" Span 1 Span 2

0'-6" Span 3

115'-0"
(Brg. to Brg.)

115'-0"
(Brg. to Brg.)

115'-0"
(Brg. to Brg.)

117'-0"
( C L Pier to Pier)

117'-0"
( C L Pier to Pier)

117'-0"
( C L Pier to Pier)

Figure T1-3 Span Data

42" Haunch Width

8" Deck Thick ness

1/2" Haunch Thick ness BT-72

Figure T1-4 Topping Data

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T1

Symmetrical about midspan

Beam End

.4L = 46' L/2 = 57.5' Li/2 = 58.0'

Depress Point

a) Elevation

2 @ 68.5" 2 @ 66.5" 2 @ 64.5" 2 @ 62.5" 2 @ 60.5"

Draped Strands Straight Strands

2 @ 10.5" 4 @ 8.5" 8 @ 6.5" 12 @ 4.5" 12 @ 2.5"

b) End Pattern

c) Midspan Pattern

Figure T1-5 Pattern for Tutorial 1

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T1 -3

T1

Superstructure Data
Concrete Properties Strength Precast, release Precast, 28 days Cast-in-place topping, 28 days Density, all concrete Strand Properties Strand Type Two-point depressed pattern, depression point at 0.4L Rebar Properties 1/2 - 270 K - Low relaxation (Es = 28,000 ksi) 5 ksi 6 ksi 3.5 ksi 150 pcf

Grade 60 rebar
Prestress Loss Information Calculation Method Hours to release Relative humidity Live Load HL-93 Dead Load On precast Additional Dead Load On composite 0.0305 ksf (applied over 51.0 ft.), due to future wearing surface 0.180 klf, due to stay-in-place forms AASHTO LRFD 18 75%

T1 -4

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T1

Substructure Data
Concrete Strength Cap Columns Footings Modulus of Elasticity Concrete Density Cap Columns Footings Other Parameters 150 pcf 150 pcf 150 pcf 4000 psi 4000 psi 4000 psi 3834 ksi

Crack Control Factor

Pier Configuration Cap: Length Height Depth Start Elevation End Elevation Factor of Reduced Moment of Inertia Columns: Circular, Fixed at base Column Height Diameter Factor of Reduced Moment of Inertia: Wind on Live Load Wind Angle Footing Surcharge Footing

z = 170 kips/in
= 51 ft 54 in 54 in = 92.79 ft = 92.79 ft = 1.0 (non-cracked section)

= 20 ft = 36 in = 1.0 (non-cracked section)

= +30 = 0.200 ksf

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T1 -5

T1

Start of Tutorial
Start LEAP Bridge. By default, the program is installed in Programs/LEAP Software. To open, click Start > Programs> LEAP Software > LEAP BRIDGE.

Step 1
The Project screen will now be displayed, as shown in Figure T1-6. In the Project tab, enter the general information in the fields as shown in Figure T1-6. From the File menu select Save As and save your data as Tutor1.xml in a directory of your choice.

Figure T1-6 Project Tab Screen

T1 -6

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T1
Step 2
Click the Geometry tab to display the Geometry screen. At this time the bridge is not defined, and nothing is shown. Click the Superstructure tab to display the bridge superstructure. Once again, the superstructure is undefined. Click the CONSPAN button to invoke CONSPAN. Once in CONSPAN, open the file called T1_CN.csl, or enter the superstructure definition. Refer to the CONSPAN User Manual for data entry in CONSPAN. Refer to the CONSPAN User Manual for analysis and design of the superstructure, and complete the design of girder number 2 in span 1 (see Tutor 1 of CONSPAN for the LFD version of this problem). Exit CONSPAN and answer Yes to the prompt for saving the data to Tutor1.xml. Answer Yes to the question Would you like to generate the reports now? At this time, you will have the bridge superstructure views on the Superstructure tab; see Figure T1-7.

Figure T1-7 Superstructure Tab

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T1 -7

T1
Step 3
Click the Substructure tab. Although PR01 is selected, it is undefined at this time. Click the RC-PIER button to invoke the program. Once in RC-PIER, open the file called T1_RCP.rcp, or enter the substructure definition. Refer to the RC-PIER User Manual for data entry in RC-PIER. Refer to the RC-PIER User Manual for pier analysis, and design of cap. column and footings. Exit RC-PIER and answer YES to the prompt for updating the file Tutor1.xml. Answer Yes to the prompt Would you like to generate the reports now? Select PR02 from the drop-down list and press the RC-PIER button to invoke the program once again. Open the file T1_RCP.RCP and close it to save it in the current bridge. See Figure T1-8.

Figure T1-8 Substructure View

T1 -8

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T1
Step 4
Click the Geometry tab and then click the GEOMATH button to invoke GEOMATH. Close the program and answer Yes to the prompt to update the file Tutor1.xml. The Geometry view now shows the abutments added by default by GEOMATH.

Figure T1-9 Geometry View

Step 5
On the Geometry tab you can click the Solid button to toggle to Transparent and zoom into the model to view reinforcement in the entire bridge. You can also select specific components in the tree view for which you want to look at reinforcement details in the lower 3-D view.

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T1 -9

T1

Figure T1-10 Geometry View Showing Substructure Reinforcement

Step 6
Click the Reports tab. Select any desired set of reports and view the reports.

T1 -10

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Tutorial

2-Span CIP PT Box Girder Bridge

T2

This LEAP Bridge tutorial takes you through a design, step-by-step, and illustrates some of the basic features of the program. In this tutorial you will be designing in accordance with the AASHTO LRFD Design Specifications. The information for this tutorial is contained in an input file called Tutor2.xml and a folder called Tutor2. As an alternative to inputting all the information from scratch, as directed in this tutorial, you can load this file and only work on the sections you wish. To load this file, select the Open command from the File menu. Browse to the LEAP BRIDGE/Examples subdirectory, if it is not already showing, and select the file Tutor2.xml. This tutorial is based on a 2-span (162ft. 150ft.) example provided as CONBOX Tutor 2.

Figure T2-1 Elevation View

Figure T2-2 Typical Section (Post-Tensioning Ducts Not Shown)

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T2-1

T2

Figure T2-3 Longitudinal Section and Post-Tensioning Layout

T2-2

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T2

Problem Data
Concrete Material Properties
CIP Box Girder Integral Pier

Unit Weight (PCF) E-Modulus, E28 (ksi) Poissons Ratio Thermal Coeff. (F) fci (ksi) fc (ksi) Humidity (%) Ultimate Creep Coeff. Ultimate Shrinkage Strain

150 3600 0.20 6 10-6 3.5 4.0 70 Program Calculated Program Calculated

150 3250 0.20 --3.25 ----

Design Specifications
AASHTO LRFD

Units
U.S. (English)

Loss Type/Material Model

Lump Sum 20 ksi

Horizontal Offset
0.00

Pier Information
Type Column Size Column Spacing Column Length Integral 4 x 6 20 28

P/T Tendons
Strand Type Tendon Type Friction Coeff. Wobble Coeff. (1/ft.) 1/2 - 270 ksi Low Relaxation (Es = 28,500 ksi) Unknown 0.20 0.0002
T2-3

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T2
Relaxation Jack Type Force Type Left Force Left Set Right Force Right Set 0 ksi Left Force 7570 kips per tendon 0.375 N/A N/A

Live Load
HS20-44 Permit Trucks P5, P7, P9, P11 and P13

Live Load Distribution Factor

2.68 lanes Assume distribution factor based on full bridge.
--------- = 2.68 lanes Overall Deck Width 37.5 14

Caltrans Bridge Design Practice Manual, Figure 2, Section 3.4.3.3 (page 1-13)

Additional Dead Loads

A.C. Overlay Concrete Barrier Assume 35 psf; w = 0.035[37.5 - 2 (1.75)] = 1.190 klf Assume 392 psf; w = 0.392 x 2 = 0.894 klf

Load Combinations

Dead Loads

Superimposed Dead Loads

Live Loads

Initial Final Without Sway

Self Weight Self Weight

N/A A.C. Overlay Concrete Barrier

N/A HS20 Truck + Lane Permit Vehicles

T2-4

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T2

Start of Tutorial
Start LEAP Bridge. By default, the program is installed in Programs/LEAP Software. To open, click Start > Programs> LEAP Software > LEAP BRIDGE.

Step 1
The Project screen displays. Click the Geometry tab to display the Geometry screen. At this time, the bridge is not defined and nothing is shown. Click the Superstructure tab to display the bridge superstructure. Once again, the superstructure is undefined. Click the CONBOX button to invoke CONBOX. Once in CONBOX, open the file called T2_CBX.cbx or enter the superstructure and pier definition. Refer to the CONBOX User Manual for data entry in CONBOX. Exit CONBOX and answer Yes to the prompt for saving that data file, and save it as Tutor2.xml. At this time, the Superstructure tab in LEAP Bridge will display the superstructure geometry as shown in Figure T2-4.

Figure T2-4 Superstructure Screen

Step 2
Click the Project tab, and enter the general information in the fields as shown in Figure T2-5.

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T2-5

T2

Figure T2-5 Project Tab Screen

Step 3
Click the Substructure tab and note that the integral pier geometry is shown. Click the RC-PIER button to invoke the program. Once in RC-PIER, you can notice that all of the information related to the integral cap pier as defined in CONBOX has been brought over. You can choose to continue to add additional information and analyze the substructure in RC-PIER. In this example, we will focus on the data transfer aspect only. You can view the transferred information in the Geometry tab, in the Pier Config, SuperStr, Cap, Column and Brng/Girder dialogs. Click OK to close RC-PIER.

Step 4
Click the Geometry tab and view the 3-D view of the bridge. Click the GEOMATH button to invoke GEOMATH. Exit GEOMATH and note the abutments are added to the bridge by default as shown in Figure T2-6.

T2-6

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T2

Figure T2-6 Geometry Screen

Step 5
Click the Reports tab. Select any desired set of reports and view the results.

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T2-7

T2

T2-8

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Tutorial

3-Span CIP R/C Slab Bridge

T3

This LEAP Bridge tutorial takes you through a design, step-by-step, demonstrating the design of a continuous 3-span cast-in-place reinforced concrete haunched slab. In this tutorial you will be designing in accordance with the AASHTO LRFD Design Specifications. The information for this tutorial is contained in an input file called Tutor3.xml. As an alternative to inputting all the information from scratch, as directed in this tutorial, you can load this file and only work on the sections you wish. To load this file, select the Open command from the File menu. Browse to the LEAPBRIDGE/Examples subdirectory, if it is not already showing, and select the file Tutor3.xml. This tutorial is adapted from the Kansas Department of Transportations concrete haunched slab standards.

Figure T3-1 Elevation View

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T3-1

T3

Figure T3-2 Cast-in-Place Concrete Haunch Slab

Figure T3-3 Cross Section (A-A)

T3-2

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T3

Problem Data
Concrete Material Properties
CIP Slab Drop-Cap Pier

Unit Weight (Pcf) E-Modulus, E28 (Ks) Poissons Ratio Thermal Coeff. (1/F) fci (a) fc (a) Humidity (%) Ultimate Creep Coeff. Ultimate Shrinkage Strain

150 4000 0.20 6 10-6 5 80 Program Calculated Program Calculated

150 4000 0.20 --5 ----

Design Specifications
AASHTO LRFD

Units
English

Rebar Information
fy = Grade 60

Superimposed Dead Loads

On Composite (DW) On Composite (DC) FWS = 0.9538 K/ft 2 barriers = 0.55 K/ft

Load Combinations

Dead Loads

Superimposed Dead Loads

Live Loads

Self Weight

FWS Concrete Barrier

HL-93 Multilane

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T3-3

T3

Start of Tutorial
Start LEAP Bridge. By default, the program is installed in Programs/LEAP Software. To open, click Start > Programs> LEAP Software > LEAP BRIDGE.

Step 1
The Project screen displays. Click the Geometry tab to display the Geometry screen. At this time, the bridge is not defined, and nothing is shown. Click the Superstructure tab to display the bridge superstructure. Once again, the superstructure is undefined. Click the CONBOX button to invoke CONBOX. Once in CONBOX, open the file called T3_CBX.cbx, or enter the superstructure and pier definition. Refer to the CONBOX User Manual for data entry in CONBOX. Exit CONBOX and answer Yes to the prompt for updating the LEAP Bridge model, and No to generate reports. Now save the LEAP Bridge file as Tutor3.xml. At this time, the Superstructure tab in LEAP Bridge will display the superstructure geometry as shown in Figure T3-4.

Figure T3-4 Superstructure Screen

T3-4

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T3
Step 2
Click the Project tab, and enter the general information in the fields as shown in Figure T3-5.

Figure T3-5 Project Tab Screen

Step 3
Click the Substructure tab and note that the pier geometry is shown. In this case, the pier was defined as a drop cap and therefore can be imported in RC-PIER. While Bent1 is selected in the pier list, click the RC-PIER button to invoke the program. Once in RC-PIER, open the file called T3_RCP.rcp or enter the substructure definition. Refer to the RC-PIER User Manual for data entry in RC-PIER. Exit the program and answer Yes to the prompt for updating the LEAP Bridge model. Select Bent2 from the drop-down list and press the RC-PIER button to invoke the program. Once again, open the file T3_RCP.rcp and close it to save it in the current bridge. See Figure T3-6.

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T3-5

T3

Figure T3-6 Substructure Tab Screen

Step 4
Click the Geometry tab and view the 3-D view of the bridge. Click the GEOMATH button to invoke GEOMATH. You can view detailed geometry information, and get quick reports for elevation, cross sections, etc. within GEOMATH. Next, exit GEOMATH and click OK to update the LB model.

T3-6

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T3

Figure T3-7 Geometry Tab Screen

Step 5
Click the Reports tab. Select any desired set of reports and view the results.

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T3-7

T3

T3-8

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Index - Volumes I and II

Numerics
T2-1 3-Span CIP R/C Slab Bridge T3-1 3-Span Precast I-Girder T1-1
2-Span CIP PT Box Girder Bridge

D
Data CONBOX TH-1 CONSPAN TH-1 exchange TH-1 GEOMATH TH-1 RC-PIER TH-1 Shared TH-2 storage TH-1 data TH-1 Data Entry Database file

A
CU-1, CU-5 Adding Curves GO-21 Adding Tangents GO-20 Automatic Bridge Creator IN-3
ABC Wizard Automatic Bridge Creator (ABC) Wizard GO-15

CU-1 TH-2 GO-25

Defining Multiple Bridges Using the ABC Wizard Deleting Segments GO-21

B
Bridge Alignment Dialog Box bridge superstructure CU-1

E
GO-20
Edit Menu

GO-12

C
Component Program Libraries Component Reports Components Menu

F
A-1 GO-11 File Menu Terms GO-12
File Menu

RP-7 GO-13 CONBOX IN-3, GO-8, GO-11, RP-7, A-1 CONSPAN IN-3, GO-8, GO-11, RP-7, TH-2, A-1 Creating Alignment Ties GO-21 Cross Section Report RP-5

G
GO-2 GEOMATH IN-3, GO-6, GO-11, RP-7, TH-2 Libraries A-1 Geometric Design CU-3, CU-4 Geometry Tab GO-6 Geometry Tab Screen Terms GO-6 Getting Started GS-1, CU-1 Graphics windows GO-2 Pop-up menus GO-2
General overview
Index - i

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H
Hardware requirements Help Menu

open girder bridge superstructure and substructure Opening Database Files

CU-2

GO-5

GS-1

Options Menu GO-14

GO-27

I
Input Files Interface

P
Pile Pattern

GO-17 GO-2 IN-4

GO-5 IN-5

Pop-up menus In graphics windows Print Tab RP-1

L
Layout Report

Program Boundaries and Conventions Project information GO-5 Project Information Report Project Tab

RP-3, RP-4

RP-2

LEAP Bridge Configurations GS-7 LEAP Bridge Reports RP-2 Libraries Component Programs A-1 Libraries Menu GO-13

GO-5

R
IN-3, GO-9, GO-11, RP-7, A-1 Reports IN-3, GO-10, RP-1 Component RP-7 CONBOX RP-7 CONSPAN RP-7 create GO-10 Cross Section - Cast-in-Place Bridge RP-5 Cross Section - Precast Bridge RP-5 GEOMATH RP-7 Geometry GO-11 Layout Report - Cast-in-Place Bridge RP-4 Layout Report - Precast Bridge RP-3 LEAP Bridge GO-11, RP-2 Material RP-6 Print RP-1 Project Information RP-2 RC-PIER RP-7 Save RP-1 Setup RP-1 Substructure GO-11 Superstructure, CIP GO-11 Superstructure, Precast GO-11 View RP-1 Reports Tab GO-10 Reports Tab Screen Terms GO-10
RC-PIER

M
Main Features IN-3 Material Properties Definition Material Report RP-6 Menus Components GO-13 File GO-11 Graphical Options GO-14 Help GO-27 Libraries GO-13 View GO-12 Microsoft .NET GS-1 Multiple file copies

GO-19

GS-8

N
Navigating the program

GO-2

O
Online Help

IN-5, GO-27
LEAP Bridge v09.00.00 - Volumes I & II

Index - ii

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S
Screen Terms Geometry Tab GO-6 Reports Tab GO-10 Status Bar Option GO-27 Substructure Tab GO-9 Superstructure Tab GO-8 Security GO-12

W
Wizard / A B C

GO-15 GO-20

Wizard / ABC Advanced Functionality

X
XML

CU-6, CU-9, CU-13 Status Bar Options GO-27 Status Bar Options Terms GO-27 Substructure Data Definition GO-17 Substructure Tab GO-9 Substructure Tab Screen Terms GO-9 Superstructure Data Definition GO-16 Superstructure Tab GO-7 Superstructure Tab Screen Terms GO-8 System requirements GS-1
shared data

GO-5, TH-1

T
Technical Support

GS-8

Tutorials Tutorial 1 - 3-Span Precast I-Girder T1-1 Tutorial 2 - 2-Span CIP PT Box Girder Bridge T2-1 Tutorial 3 - 3-Span CIP R/C Slab Bridge T3-1 Typographical conventions IN-2

U
Units

IN-5

V
GO-12 Views GO-14 2-D GO-8, GO-9 3-D IN-3, IN-4, GO-7 Project Tree IN-3 transparent IN-4
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LEAP Bridge v09.00.00 - Volumes I & II

Bentley Systems, Inc. No part of this user manual may be reproduced in any form or by any means without the written permission of the publisher.

Index - iii

Index - iv

LEAP Bridge v09.00.00 - Volumes I & II

Bentley Systems, Inc. No part of this user manual may be reproduced in any form or by any means without the written permission of the publisher.