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EE 442 642 Introduction

Power electronics is an interdisciplinary subject within electrical engineering that involves power electronic switching devices, linear circuit elements, digital circuits, and other components. A power electronic system can include power converters that change power from alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC) or vice versa. Some common applications of power electronics include fluorescent lighting, switch-mode power supplies, adjustable speed drives, electric vehicles, renewable power generation from solar and wind, and high-voltage direct current transmission systems.

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183 views14 pages

EE 442 642 Introduction

Power electronics is an interdisciplinary subject within electrical engineering that involves power electronic switching devices, linear circuit elements, digital circuits, and other components. A power electronic system can include power converters that change power from alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC) or vice versa. Some common applications of power electronics include fluorescent lighting, switch-mode power supplies, adjustable speed drives, electric vehicles, renewable power generation from solar and wind, and high-voltage direct current transmission systems.

Uploaded by

USERNAME12340987
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Power Electronics: an Overview

Y. Baghzouz EE 442-642

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Power Electronics: an Overview

Power electronics is an interdisciplinary subject within electrical engineering.

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Power Electronic System

A power electronic system consists of power electronic switching devices, linear circuit elements, digital circuits, microprocessors, electromagnetic devices, DSPs, filters, controllers, sensors, etc.

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Power Converter

Converter is a general term - an AC/DC converter is shown above. Rectifier Mode of operation when power from AC to DC Inverter Mode of operation when power from DC to AC

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Power Electronic Applications

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Example: Fluorescent Lighting

The line-frequency AC is converted to DC, then to high-frequency AC.


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Example: Switch-Mode Power Supply (modern)

Transistor is operated in switch mode (either fully ON or fully OFF) at high switching frequency. Electrical isolation achieved by high-frequency transformer (smaller, lighter and more efficient) Result: compact and efficient power supply

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Basic Principle of Switch-Mode Synthesis

Simplified equivalent circuit

Constant switching frequency fs pulse width controls the average value of voi L-C circuit filters the ripple, and allows the average (dc value) to appear across the load
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Example: Adjustable Speed Drives

Conventional drive wastes energy across the throttling valve to adjust flow rate. Using power electronics, motor-pump speed is adjusted efficiently to deliver the required flow rate.
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AC Motor Drive

Converter 1 rectifies line-frequency AC into DC Capacitor acts as a filter; stores energy and decouples the two converters. Converter 2 inverts dc to variable frequency AC as needed by the motor.
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Pure Electric or Electric Hybrid Vehicles

Electric Drive System: DC-AC Converter

Battery Charger: AC-DC converter


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Example: Renewable Power Generation (PV)

PV Inverters: DC-AC Converters

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Example: Renewable Power Generation (Wind)

The rectifier-inverter converts variable-frequency AC to fixed line-frequency AC.


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Example: HVDC Transmission

Because of the large fixed cost necessary to convert ac to dc and then back to ac, dc transmission is only practical in specialized applications long distance overhead power transfer (> 400 miles) long underwater cable power transfer (> 25 miles) providing an asynchronous means of joining different power systems.

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