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Psocsolutions Newm - Technew

This document contains solutions and explanations for questions related to power system operation and control from an M.Tech degree examination. It includes summaries of economic load dispatch, unit commitment, hydro-thermal scheduling, load frequency control, state estimation, and other key power system optimization and monitoring topics. Solutions are provided for economic dispatch of a 2 generator system, dynamic programming for unit commitment, hydro-thermal coordination, control area concepts, and methods for improving voltage stability and network observability in state estimation.

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70 views17 pages

Psocsolutions Newm - Technew

This document contains solutions and explanations for questions related to power system operation and control from an M.Tech degree examination. It includes summaries of economic load dispatch, unit commitment, hydro-thermal scheduling, load frequency control, state estimation, and other key power system optimization and monitoring topics. Solutions are provided for economic dispatch of a 2 generator system, dynamic programming for unit commitment, hydro-thermal coordination, control area concepts, and methods for improving voltage stability and network observability in state estimation.

Uploaded by

venki249
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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EEPS 2003

M.Tech DEGREE EXAMINATIONS,SEPTEMBER,2011


Second Semester
POWER SYSTEM ENGINEERING
POWER SYSTEM OPERATION AND CONTROL
SOLUTIONS & SCHEME OF EVALUATION
1. a.Explain the economic load dispatch of a power system for n-generators case
without considering the line losses.Also draw its flow chart and explain

1)b) Determine the operating schedule of 2-generator case of 100MW each whose
incremental characteristics are given by

The minimum load on each unit is 10MW .The total load to be supplied is 150MW
P1 + P2 = 150

From (1) and (2)


P1=64.9MW and P2= 85.1MW
(or)
Assume = 2.8 ,For this value of ,generations
2.8 2.0
= 66.6 MW
0.012
2.8 1.5
P2 =
= 86.6 MW
0.015
P1 =

P1 + P2 = 66.6 + 86.6 = 153.2 MW

Since generation is greater than the demand therefore next approximation of should be
less than 2.8, Let it be 2.7
For this value of ,generations are
P1=58.4MW
P2=80MW
P1+P2=138.4MW ,which is less than the demand
Next approximation to 2.78 which gives generation are
P1=65MW
P2=85.4MW
P1+P2=150.4MW
It is to be seen here that the generations are converging as better approximations to are
chosen and finally a value between 2.77 and 2.78 will give the optimal generations
schedule

2.a) Explain the dynamic programming method used for unit commitment of power
Flow

2.b. Discuss the hydro-thermal scheduling for loss less system from fundamentals
If a steam plant and hydro plant is supplying the systems load it may be that the hydro
plant can supply the load for limited time as energy available from it is not enough to

supply load requirements all the time.The problem would be to use up the energy from
hydro plant such that cost of running the steam plant is minimum.The steam plant should
be run at constant incremental cost for the period it is run
If a steam plant and a hydro plant is to supply load for a given period and the
characteristics of the plants are given in terms of cubic meter/hr for hydro plant and heat
rate for the steam plant and capacity of each plant ,the problem may be considered in two
ways
i)
Limit the energy supplied by hydro (in Mwh) find energy which should be
supplied by steam plant.Solve for time of running steam plant.Knowing the
energy to be supplied by the steam plant and the load which it can supply at
maximum efficiency.Find the time for which it should be run.Then find the
load on Hydro and steam plant for the period for which each should run
ii)
There may be a limit on the volume of water to be drawn from the reservoir
for the hydro plant.Find the characteristics of hydro plant .Find the time for
which steam plant should be run
The following information is required for the study of the problem
i)
Hydro and thermal plant capacities their characteristics
ii)
Number of units
iii)
Penalty factors depending on the type of fuel used
iv)
Transmission loss at each station
v)
Total losses in the system
vi)
Incremental losses
vii)
Heat at hydro plants
UNIT-II
3. Explain the concept of control area with respect to power system and develop
the appropriate block diagram representation of two area LFC and explain

4 .a. Develope a mathematical model for a typical AC excitation system and explain

OUT OF SYLLABUS
b. Draw the block representation of a complete AC excitation system and explain
its features

OUT OF SYLLABUS
UNIT-III
5.a. Discuss the security analysis in power system from fundamentals

5 .b) Explain the methods of improving voltage stability in power system

6.a Discuss the contingency analysis for the purpose of SSS

6.b. Explain the different


which SCADA

Energy Control Centers in association

UNIT-IV
7.a) Explain the different methods of state estimation used in power systems
i)
Weighted least squares state estimation
ii)Least squares estimation
i) Weighted least squares state estimation:

7.b) Discuss the concept of least squares method of state estimation from
fundamentals

8 .a) What are the basis features of state estimation in power systems and explain
them?

8) b Explain what is network observability and bad data in power system state
Estimation

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